Alkyl glycoside organic acid ester, preparation method thereof and shield foaming agent

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of chemical engineering, in particular to alkyl glycoside organic acid ester, a preparation method thereof and a shield foaming agent. According to the technical scheme, the alkyl glycoside organic acid ester and the preparation method of the alkyl glycoside organic acid ester comprise the following steps: taking 60-80 parts by weight of alkyl glycoside, adding the alkyl glycoside into a high-pressure kettle provided with a thermometer, a condensing tube and a stirrer, adding 80-100 parts by weight of deionized water, heating to 110-130 DEG C, and uniformly stirring at a constant speed; adding 1-5 parts of an acidic catalyst, and reacting for 30-50 minutes; and 15-20 parts of trihydroxybenzoic acid is added. According to the prepared alkyl glycoside organic acid ester shield foaming agent, pollution to the environment is reduced, a new functional group is introduced into alkyl glycoside molecules through the grafting modification technology, the hard water resistance and water solubility of the alkyl glycoside molecules under the hard water condition are improved, and therefore the applicability and stability of the foaming agent under the complex geological condition are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of chemical engineering, and in particular to an alkyl glycoside organic acid ester and a preparation method thereof, and a shield foaming agent. Background Art

[0002] The shield method is widely used in the construction of underground projects such as urban subways, integrated pipe corridors, and cross-sea tunnels. With the continuous expansion of urban construction, the amount of slag generated is also increasing. During the shield construction process, in order to maintain smooth excavation and excavation and prevent the cutter head from "mud cake" and other phenomena, shield foaming agents are usually added to the soil to reduce soil adhesion and friction. However, traditional shield foaming agents have poor biodegradability and potential harm to the environment. These chemicals remain in the shield slag, and gradually penetrate into the surrounding soil and groundwater with the sun and rain, causing serious pollution to the environment. In recent years, alkyl glycoside surfactants have attracted much attention due to their excellent biodegradability and environmental protection properties. However, in many application scenarios, especially under hard water conditions, the insufficient hard water resistance and poor water solubility of alkyl glycosides limit their effectiveness. Therefore, in response to these problems, we propose an alkyl glycoside organic acid ester and its preparation method, and a shield foaming agent. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the alkyl polyglycoside has insufficient hard water resistance and poor water solubility under hard water conditions, which limits its effectiveness, and to provide an alkyl polyglycoside organic acid ester and a preparation method thereof, as well as a shield foaming agent.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides an alkyl glycoside organic acid ester having the following structure: ; In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing an alkyl glycoside organic acid ester, comprising the following steps: By weight, 60-80 parts of alkyl polyglycoside are added to an autoclave equipped with a thermometer, a condenser and a stirrer, and 80-100 parts of deionized water are added, and the temperature is raised to 110-130° C. and stirred uniformly; Add 1-5 parts of acidic catalyst and react for 30-50 minutes; Add 15-20 parts of trihydroxybenzoic acid and vacuum react for 2-3 hours; Add a certain amount of alkaline neutralizer until the product is neutral; After the reaction is completed, the product is filtered and dried to obtain alkyl glycoside organic acid ester.

[0005] Optionally, the alkyl glucoside is one or more of octyl glucoside, decyl glucoside and dodecyl glucoside.

[0006] Optionally, the acidic catalyst is one or more of acetic anhydride, dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.

[0007] Optionally, the trihydroxybenzoic acid is one or more of 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid or 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzoic acid.

[0008] In a third aspect, the present application provides a shield foaming agent, comprising the following raw materials: Alkyl polyglycoside organic acid ester, deionized water, foaming agent, foam stabilizer, dispersant, thickener.

[0009] Optionally, the shield foaming agent comprises the following preparation method steps: Take 60-80 parts of alkyl glycoside organic acid ester by weight for later use, add 70-90 parts of deionized water in a stirring kettle, and heat to 35-45°C; Add the formulated amount of alkyl glycoside organic acid ester, foaming agent, foam stabilizer, dispersant and thickener in sequence, stir for 20-30 minutes, and obtain a shield foaming agent.

[0010] Optionally, the foaming aid is one or more of lauryl amide propyl betaine, propyl betaine, and potassium cocoyl glycinate.

[0011] Optionally, the foam stabilizer is one or more of coconut acid diethanolamide and lauryl diethanolamide.

[0012] Optionally, the dispersant is one or more of sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate, and the thickener is one or more of hydroxyethyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.

[0013] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: In the alkyl glycoside organic acid ester shield foaming agent prepared by the present invention, alkyl glycoside organic acid ester is used as the main component of the shield foaming agent, and its excellent biodegradability and environmental protection characteristics are utilized to significantly reduce the pollution to the environment. In addition, a new functional group is introduced into the alkyl glycoside molecule through the grafting modification technology, thereby improving its hard water resistance and water solubility under hard water conditions, thereby improving the applicability and stability of the foaming agent under complex geological conditions; Among them, the grafting modification technology is to connect different branched structures to the main chain of the existing polymer molecule through chemical reaction. In the present invention, by introducing trihydroxybenzoic acid into the alkyl glycoside molecule, a reaction occurs under the action of an acidic catalyst, and the hydroxyl group of the alkyl glycoside and the carboxyl group of the trihydroxybenzoic acid undergo an esterification reaction, and the structure of the trihydroxybenzoic acid is grafted onto the alkyl glycoside molecule. The formed new molecular structure retains the hydrophilic part of the alkyl glycoside and introduces the rigid structure and new functional groups of the trihydroxybenzoic acid, thereby improving its hard water resistance and water solubility under hard water conditions, thereby improving the applicability and stability of the foaming agent under complex geological conditions, and improving the lubrication and stability of the cutting surface, effectively reducing the adhesion and friction of the soil, and reducing the occurrence of phenomena such as mud cake on the cutter head, thereby improving the tunneling efficiency of the shield machine, accelerating the construction speed, and reducing the construction cost; Furthermore, the grafted trihydroxybenzoic acid structure contains multiple hydroxyl groups, which increase the interaction between the molecule and the water molecule, improve the hydrophilicity of the molecule, and thus improve the water solubility, so that the foaming agent can maintain a good solubility state and play its role under complex geological conditions, even if it encounters different water quality conditions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0015] Example 1

[0016] An alkyl glycoside organic acid ester having the following structure: .

[0017] Example 2

[0018] The preparation method of alkyl glycoside organic acid ester comprises the following steps: 60 parts of alkyl polyglycoside were added to an autoclave equipped with a thermometer, a condenser and a stirrer by weight, and 80 parts of deionized water were added, and the mixture was heated to 110°C and stirred uniformly; Add 1 part of acidic catalyst and react for 30 minutes; Add 15 parts of trihydroxybenzoic acid and react under vacuum for 2 hours; Add a certain amount of alkaline neutralizer until the product is neutral; After the reaction is completed, the product is filtered and dried to obtain alkyl glycoside organic acid ester.

[0019] The alkyl glycoside is octyl glucoside, the acid catalyst is acetic anhydride, and the trihydroxybenzoic acid is 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid.

[0020] Example 3

[0021] The preparation method of alkyl glycoside organic acid ester comprises the following steps: 70 parts by weight of alkyl polyglycoside were added to an autoclave equipped with a thermometer, a condenser and a stirrer, and 90 parts of deionized water were added, and the mixture was heated to 120°C and stirred uniformly; Add 3 parts of acidic catalyst and react for 40 minutes; Add 18 parts of trihydroxybenzoic acid and react under vacuum for 2.5 hours; Add a certain amount of alkaline neutralizer until the product is neutral; After the reaction is completed, the product is filtered and dried to obtain alkyl glycoside organic acid ester.

[0022] The alkyl glycoside is decyl glucoside; the acid catalyst is dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid; and the trihydroxybenzoic acid is 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzoic acid.

[0023] Example 4

[0024] The preparation method of alkyl glycoside organic acid ester comprises the following steps: 80 parts by weight of alkyl polyglycoside were added to an autoclave equipped with a thermometer, a condenser and a stirrer, and 100 parts of deionized water were added, and the temperature was raised to 130°C and stirred uniformly; Add 5 parts of acidic catalyst and react for 50 minutes; Add 20 parts of trihydroxybenzoic acid and react in vacuum for 3 hours; Add a certain amount of alkaline neutralizer until the product is neutral; After the reaction is completed, the product is filtered and dried to obtain alkyl glycoside organic acid ester. The alkyl glycoside is dodecyl glucoside; the acid catalyst is a mixture of p-toluenesulfonic acid and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid in a volume ratio of 1:1; and the trihydroxybenzoic acid is 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid.

[0025] Example 5

[0026] The shield foaming agent is prepared by the following method: By weight, 60 parts of alkyl glycoside organic acid ester are taken for use, 70 parts of deionized water are added to a stirring kettle, and heated to 35°C. The alkyl glycoside organic acid ester has the following structure: ; Alkyl glycoside organic acid ester, foaming agent, foam stabilizer, dispersant and thickener were added in the formula amount in sequence and stirred for 20 minutes to obtain a shield foaming agent.

[0027] Among them, the foaming agent is lauroyl propyl betaine; the foam stabilizer is coconut acid diethanolamide; the dispersant is sodium tripolyphosphate, and the thickener is hydroxyethyl cellulose.

[0028] Example 6 The shield foaming agent is prepared by the following method: By weight, 70 parts of alkyl glycoside organic acid ester are taken for use, 80 parts of deionized water are added to a stirring kettle, and heated to 40°C. The alkyl glycoside organic acid ester has the following structure: ; Alkyl glycoside organic acid ester, foaming agent, foam stabilizer, dispersant and thickener were added in the formula amount in sequence and stirred for 25 minutes to obtain a shield foaming agent.

[0029] Among them, the foaming agent is propyl betaine, the foam stabilizer is lauryl diethanolamide; the dispersant is sodium hexametaphosphate, and the thickener is hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.

[0030] Example 7 The shield foaming agent is prepared by the following method: By weight, 80 parts of alkyl glycoside organic acid ester are taken for use, 90 parts of deionized water are added to a stirring kettle, and heated to 45°C. The alkyl glycoside organic acid ester has the following structure: ; Alkyl polyglycoside organic acid ester, foaming agent, foam stabilizer, dispersant and thickener were added in the formula amount in sequence and stirred for 30 minutes to obtain a shield foaming agent.

[0031] The foaming agent is potassium cocoyl glycinate; the foam stabilizer is coconut acid diethanolamide; the dispersant is sodium tripolyphosphate, and the thickener is hydroxyethyl cellulose.

[0032] Implementation Effect The shield foaming agent of Example 6 was tested.

[0033] 1. Foaming ability test steps ① Use a 1000 ml beaker with a scale to weigh 25g of foaming agent and pour it into the beaker. Add deionized water to dilute the foaming agent stock solution to 2.5% to prepare the foaming solution.

[0034] ② Start the agitator and adjust the speed to 2000 r / min. After stirring for 2 minutes, stop stirring and record the foam height at this time, that is, the foaming capacity.

[0035] 2. Half-life detection steps: The half-life test device consists of a decay cylinder, a tripod, a balance, and a measuring cylinder, among which: The fading cylinder is made of organic glass, with an open cylinder at the top, an inner diameter of 10 cm and a height of 100 cm. The lower part is connected to a truncated cone, and the bottom is sealed with an organic glass plate with a diameter of 5 cm. A circular hole with a diameter of 1 cm is left in the middle of the sealed organic glass plate. A thin layer of filter mesh is laid at the bottom of the fading barrel. The mesh can prevent the foam in the fading cylinder from falling, but the liquid obtained after the foam decays can pass smoothly; ①Put the measuring cylinder on the electronic balance, facing the lower end of the fading barrel, and return to zero; ② Take 4L of foaming agent and add it into the silo of the foam generating device, start the water inlet program of the foam generating device, dilute the foaming agent stock solution to 2.5%, and prepare it into foaming liquid; ③Start the program, set the gas flow rate to 150L / min, the output pressure to 0.4MPa, the foaming liquid flow rate to 15L / min, and the gas-liquid ratio to 10:1; during foaming, the air compressor must maintain a pressure of no less than 0.4MPa; ④ When the foam outlet of the foam generating device emits foam evenly, collect the foam with a falling bucket, and immediately weigh the mass M of the foam, and start the stopwatch at the same time; ⑤ Place the fading barrel on the bracket of the defoaming rate test device, with the bottom facing the measuring cylinder on the balance; ⑥ Remove the plexiglass plate from the decay barrel. When the mass of the liquid in the measuring cylinder is half of the foam mass M weighed in step ④, stop the stopwatch immediately. The required time is the half-life of the foam.

[0036] 3. Biodegradability test method: Appendix D of GBIT15818-2018.

[0037] The detection results are shown in the following table: Table 1 Test results of shield foaming agent of Example 6 Foaming ability half life <![CDATA[Average biodegradation degree D7 (%) on the 7th day]]> 4300ml 4min30s 99.3% It can be concluded from the above table that the shield foaming agent prepared in the present application has excellent foaming ability, improves the stability of the foam, and improves the biodegradability of the foaming agent.

[0038] The above specific embodiments are only several optional embodiments of the present invention. Based on the technical solutions of the present invention and the relevant inspirations of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make various alternative improvements and combinations to the above specific embodiments.

Claims

1. An alkyl glycoside organic acid ester, characterized in that: Has the following structure: 。 2. A method for preparing an alkyl glycoside organic acid ester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: By weight, 60-80 parts of alkyl polyglycoside are added to an autoclave equipped with a thermometer, a condenser and a stirrer, and 80-100 parts of deionized water are added, and the temperature is raised to 110-130° C. and stirred uniformly; Add 1-5 parts of acidic catalyst and react for 30-50 minutes; Add 15-20 parts of trihydroxybenzoic acid and vacuum react for 2-3 hours; Add a certain amount of alkaline neutralizer until the product is neutral; After the reaction is completed, the product is filtered and dried to obtain alkyl glycoside organic acid ester.

3. The method for preparing an alkyl glycoside organic acid ester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The alkyl glucoside is one or more of octyl glucoside, decyl glucoside and dodecyl glucoside.

4. The method for preparing an alkyl glycoside organic acid ester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The acidic catalyst is one or more of acetic anhydride, dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.

5. The method for preparing an alkyl glycoside organic acid ester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The trihydroxybenzoic acid is one or more of 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid and 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzoic acid.

6. A shield foaming agent, characterized in that: Including the following ingredients: Alkyl polyglycoside organic acid ester, deionized water, foaming agent, foam stabilizer, dispersant, thickener.

7. A shield foaming agent according to claim 6, characterized in that: The shield foaming agent comprises the following preparation method steps: Take 60-80 parts of alkyl glycoside organic acid ester by weight for later use, add 70-90 parts of deionized water in a stirring kettle, and heat to 35-45°C; Add the formulated amount of alkyl glycoside organic acid ester, foaming agent, foam stabilizer, dispersant and thickener in sequence, stir for 20-30 minutes, and obtain a shield foaming agent.

8. A shield foaming agent according to claim 6, characterized in that: The foaming aid is one or more of lauryl amide propyl betaine, propyl betaine, and potassium cocoyl glycinate.

9. A shield foaming agent according to claim 6, characterized in that: The foam stabilizer is one or more of coconut oil diethanolamide and lauryl diethanolamide.

10. A shield foaming agent according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dispersant is one or more of sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate, and the thickener is one or more of hydroxyethyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.

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