Rubber coating with passive anti-icing and deicing functions for power equipment and preparation method of rubber coating

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of material processing, and discloses a rubber coating with passive anti-icing and deicing functions for electrical equipment, the rubber coating comprises a component A and a component B, the modulus ratio of the component A to the component B is greater than 10, the two components comprise 20-60% of a rubber material, 0-70% of a solvent, 5-10% of an inorganic filler and 5-30% of a lubricant, wherein the component A and the component B contain different organic silica gels with the same volume but the modulus ratio of 100, and during use, the component A and the component B are mixed according to the volume ratio of 1: 1 on site, uniformly stirred and then sprayed to the surface of a base material. The anti-icing agent can repel supercooled water drops from gathering on the surface of a base material, can play an anti-icing effect at the early stage of icing, can play an excellent passive deicing effect after icing, and can be easily and strongly combined with the surface of the electric power base material to realize long-term durability; the manufacturing method is simple, the using method is also simple, and high popularization value and application prospects are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of material processing, and in particular to a rubber coating with passive anti-icing and de-icing functions for electric equipment and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Ice disasters are one of the main threats to the safe operation of power grids. They not only cause physical damage to power facilities, but also lead to surface insulation failure and penetrating flashover, which in turn paralyzes power facilities and causes social and economic losses. Existing active de-icing methods consume a lot of energy, are costly, have low efficiency and interfere with power grid operation. Passive technologies with anti-icing and de-icing functions do not have the above disadvantages and have high practical value and prospects.

[0003] Ice on the surface of power facilities such as insulators and lightning arresters is affected by many factors such as meteorology and geographical environment. The ice-covering process is that the droplets on the surface of the object are supercooled and form continuously growing ice crystals and fix on the surface of the object. According to its ice-covering mechanism, the anti-icing and de-icing means are mainly to prevent the liquid and ice crystals from fixing. Therefore, the existing passive anti-icing technology is mainly to construct a super-hydrophobic coating or a super-lubricating coating on the surface of the substrate. However, the super-super-hydrophobic surface is extremely susceptible to dust pollution and external forces and permanent failure. Once ice is formed under extreme weather conditions, it is easy to form a mechanical interlock with the super-hydrophobic surface structure, and the ice adhesion increases sharply. The anti-icing performance of the super-lubricating surface mainly depends on the lubricant stored in the porous structure. The surface ice adhesion will increase sharply when the lubricant is exhausted, and the anti-icing performance fails. Therefore, the anti-icing function of the super-hydrophobic and super-lubricating coatings is a surface characteristic with poor mechanical robustness and durability, and mainly plays an anti-icing role in the early stage of icing. Once ice is formed, it no longer has an anti-icing effect or de-icing function. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be resolved In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a rubber coating with passive anti-icing and de-icing functions for electric equipment and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] (II) Technical solution To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a rubber coating with passive anti-icing and de-icing function for electric equipment, comprising two components A and B with a modulus ratio greater than 10, the volume ratio of the two components mixed is 1:1, and the composition structure of the two components includes 20%-60% of rubber material, 0%-70% of solvent, 5%-10% of inorganic filler and 5%-30% of lubricant.

[0006] The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) Select two organic silica gels with the same volume and modulus ratio of 100, add appropriate amounts of solvent, inorganic filler and lubricant, and stir evenly to form two components A and B.

[0007] 2) Mix components A and B at a volume ratio of 1:1 on site and stir evenly.

[0008] 3) Spray the mixture of components A and B evenly onto the surface of the substrate multiple times.

[0009] Preferably, the modulus ratio of the two components A and B is between 50-200.

[0010] Preferably, the rubber material comprises a solid rubber material or a rubber latex and an elastomeric polymer and a curing agent, a vulcanizing agent and a catalyst. The rubber material may be one or more of polyurethane, silicone rubber and modified bodies thereof, or one or more of polyurethane emulsion, styrene-acrylic emulsion, silicone-acrylic emulsion, silicone emulsion and modified bodies thereof, natural latex and modified bodies thereof, and synthetic polyisoprene latex.

[0011] Preferably, the solvent is a good solvent that can fully dissolve the solid rubber material.

[0012] Preferably, the inorganic filler is a high dielectric constant crystalline material and a metal hydrate resistant to leakage current tracking, such as aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, wherein the dielectric constant of the high dielectric constant crystalline material is greater than 10, and the particle size of the inorganic filler is less than 5 μm.

[0013] Preferably, the lubricant is a liquid material, specifically fluorinated polyether oil, silicone oil and its derivatives, perfluoroalkane, mineral oil, ionic liquid, amphiphilic silicon-based polymer or fluorinated amphiphilic polymer.

[0014] Preferably, the two components A and B should be mixed during coating, and should not be mixed too early to avoid coagulation. After being mixed and stirred evenly, the mixed components are coated on the surface of the substrate by rubber, brush coating, dipping, etc.

[0015] Preferably, the coating is sprayed in layers, the thickness of a single spray layer should be greater than 50 μm, and the overall thickness should be greater than 300 μm. The next layer can be applied only after the previous layer is air-dried or baked.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a rubber coating with passive anti-icing and de-icing functions for electric equipment and a preparation method thereof, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The rubber coating with passive anti-icing and de-icing function for power equipment has super-lubricating properties, which can repel super-cooled water droplets from gathering on the surface of the substrate and can play an anti-icing effect in the early stage of ice formation.

[0017] 2. The rubber coating with passive anti-icing and de-icing function for electric equipment can reduce ice adhesion and can play an excellent passive de-icing effect after ice is applied.

[0018] 3. The rubber coating with passive anti-icing and de-icing functions for power equipment can be easily and strongly combined with the surface of the power substrate to achieve long-term durability. It is not only simple to make but also simple to use, and thus has high promotion value and application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a graph showing the relationship between ice adhesion and the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the rubber coating of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Embodiment 1: Two components A and B with different moduli are prepared. The composition structures of the two components A and B both contain the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50% molded organic silica gel, 20% xylene, 5% titanium dioxide, 5% aluminum hydroxide, and 20% methyl silicone oil, wherein the modulus ratio of the organic silica gel of the two components A and B is 100. The two components A and B are further mixed evenly, and then the mixture is poured into a self-mixing spray bottle and evenly coated on the outer surface of 6 silicone rods with an outer diameter of 100 mm, wherein the material of the silicone rods is high-temperature vulcanized and kneaded silicone for composite jacket lightning arresters. When spraying, first spray a layer of coating with a thickness of more than 50 μm, and then repeat spraying the second layer after the first layer of coating is dry, and repeat spraying the third layer after the second layer of coating is dry, and thus repeatedly spraying until the overall thickness of the coating is about 300 μm, and further put the sprayed silicone rods into a vacuum drying oven and dry them at 70°C to completely solidify the entire coating. Then, three of them are randomly taken out and put into a -15°C low-temperature box for icing experiment. Specifically, three silicone rods with rubber coating sprayed on their surfaces are vertically hung inside the low-temperature box, and three water pipes are further introduced from the outside of the low-temperature box. The lower ends of the water pipes are respectively located at the tops of the three silicone rods, and pure water is further dripped evenly and continuously onto the tops of the silicone rods through the water pipes. The speed of pure water dripping should not be too slow, and pure water is required to flow down along the silicone rod. In theory, pure water will condense into ice on the outer surface of the rod under the action of low temperature, and the ice layer will gradually thicken. When the ice layer reaches a certain thickness, it will come out from the top of the silicone rod. The silicone rod falls off the rod, and this process is recorded by a camera. The observation time is three cycles of ice shedding. Then the staff observes and records the time when ice begins to cover and the weight of the ice after it falls off through the camera. At the same time, the remaining three rods are taken for ice adhesion test. Specifically, a very long self-tapping screw is first screwed into the middle position of the top of the silicone rod, and two-thirds of the silicone rod is vertically inserted into the middle of a bucket containing 10kg of water. Then, it is frozen in a low-temperature box at -15℃ for 24 hours to completely freeze the water in the bucket. Further, a soft rope is used to connect the self-tapping screw and the dynamometer, and then the dynamometer is used to pull the silicone rod vertically out of the ice and record the tension value. Then, the ice adhesion is calculated according to the size of the tension and the contact area between the silicone rod and the ice.

[0022] Embodiment 2: A component is prepared, which is a pre-cured natural latex with a solid content of 60%, and another component is a pre-cured polyisoprene latex with a solid content of 30%. The weight proportions of titanium dioxide, aluminum hydroxide and methyl silicone oil emulsion in the two components are 5%, 5% and 20% respectively. The two components are further mixed evenly, and then the mixed solution is poured into a self-mixing spray bottle and evenly coated on the outer surfaces of 6 silicone rods with an outer diameter of 100 mm, wherein the material of the silicone rods is high-temperature vulcanized and kneaded silicone for composite jacket lightning arresters. When spraying, a coating with a thickness of more than 50 μm is first sprayed, and a second layer is repeatedly sprayed after the first layer of coating is dry, and a third layer is repeatedly sprayed after the second layer of coating is dry, and the spraying is repeated until the overall thickness of the coating is about 300 μm. μm, and further put the sprayed silicone rods into a vacuum drying oven and dry them at 70°C to completely solidify the entire coating. Then, three of them are randomly taken out and put into a -15°C low-temperature box for icing experiment. Specifically, three silicone rods with rubber coating sprayed on their surfaces are vertically hung inside the low-temperature box, and three water pipes are further introduced from the outside of the low-temperature box. The lower ends of the water pipes are respectively located at the tops of the three silicone rods, and pure water is further dripped evenly and continuously onto the tops of the silicone rods through the water pipes. The speed of pure water dripping should not be too slow, and pure water is required to flow down along the silicone rod. In theory, pure water will condense into ice on the outer surface of the rod under the action of low temperature, and the ice layer will gradually thicken. When the ice layer reaches a certain thickness, it will come out from the top of the silicone rod. The silicone rod falls off the rod, and this process is recorded by a camera. The observation time is three cycles of ice shedding. Then the staff observes and records the time when ice begins to cover and the weight of the ice after it falls off through the camera. At the same time, the remaining three rods are taken for ice adhesion test. Specifically, a very long self-tapping screw is first screwed into the middle position of the top of the silicone rod, and two-thirds of the silicone rod is vertically inserted into the middle of a bucket containing 10kg of water. Then, it is frozen in a low-temperature box at -15℃ for 24 hours to completely freeze the water in the bucket. Further, a soft rope is used to connect the self-tapping screw and the dynamometer, and then the dynamometer is used to pull the silicone rod vertically out of the ice and record the tension value. Then, the ice adhesion is calculated according to the size of the tension and the contact area between the silicone rod and the ice.

[0023] Comparative Example: The comparative example is 6 silicone rods with an outer diameter of 100 mm. The material is high-temperature vulcanized and kneaded silicone for composite jacket lightning arresters. Then three of them are randomly taken out and placed in a low-temperature box at -15°C for icing experiment. Specifically, three silicone rods with rubber coating sprayed on the surface are vertically suspended inside the low-temperature box, and three water pipes are further introduced from the outside of the low-temperature box. The lower ends of the water pipes are respectively located on the tops of the three silicone rods, and pure water is further dripped evenly and continuously to the tops of the silicone rods through the water pipes. The speed of pure water dripping should not be too slow, and the pure water is required to flow down along the silicone rod. In theory, pure water will condense into ice on the outer surface of the rod under the action of low temperature and the ice layer will slowly thicken. When the ice layer reaches a certain thickness The silicone rod will fall off the rod body, and this process is recorded by a camera. The observation time is three cycles of ice shedding. Then the staff observes and records the time when ice begins to cover and the weight of the ice after it falls off through the camera. At the same time, the remaining three rods are taken for ice adhesion test. Specifically, a very long self-tapping screw is first screwed into the middle position of the top of the silicone rod, and two-thirds of the silicone rod is vertically inserted into the middle of a bucket containing 10kg of water. Then, it is frozen in a low-temperature box at -15℃ for 24 hours to completely freeze the water in the bucket. Further, a soft rope is used to connect the self-tapping screw and the dynamometer, and then the dynamometer is used to pull the silicone rod vertically out of the ice and record the tension value. Then, the ice adhesion is calculated according to the tension and the contact area between the silicone rod and the ice.

[0024] Experimental results: 1. In the ice coating experiment, it takes a long time for the coated silicone rod to be coated with ice, while the uncoated silicone rod will be coated with ice almost immediately. Moreover, the ice layer on the coated silicone rod will fall off by itself when the thickness is very small, while the uncoated silicone rod will quickly become a large ice lump.

[0025] 2. In the ice adhesion experiment, the coated silicone rod can be pulled out of the ice with only a small pulling force, while the uncoated silicone rod is difficult to pull out.

[0026] Experimental conclusion: The adhesion of ice is positively correlated with the modulus of the material. The lower the modulus of the low-modulus component, the lower the adhesion to ice, and the easier it is to undergo elastic deformation under the action of external force, resulting in damage to the interface between it and the ice and rapidly developing into interface detachment under the action of stress concentration, thereby increasing the ice covering time and allowing the ice to fall off in time under the action of gravity. The rubber coating formed by mixing two components with large modulus differences has a better passive deicing effect, and the greater the modulus difference, the better the passive deicing effect, provided that its strength permits.

[0027] To sum up: the rubber coating with passive anti-icing and de-icing functions for power equipment has super-lubricating properties because of the addition of lubricant, can repel supercooled water droplets from gathering on the surface of the substrate, can play an anti-icing effect in the early stage of ice formation, and the rubber coating mixed with two components with large modulus differences has better passive de-icing effect, and can play an excellent passive de-icing effect after ice is covered. Since all materials are melted into liquid and sprayed on the outer surface of the substrate to form a coating, its structure is stable and not easy to fail, and it is simple to make and use, and thus has a high promotion value and application prospect.

[0028] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rubber coating with passive anti-icing and de-icing functions for electric power equipment, characterized in that: It comprises two components A and B with a modulus ratio greater than 10, the volume ratio of the two components is 1:1, and the composition structure of the two components comprises 20%-60% of rubber material, 0%-70% of solvent, 5%-10% of inorganic filler and 5%-30% of lubricant.

2. A rubber coating with passive anti-icing and de-icing functions for electric power equipment and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps: 1) Select two organic silica gels with the same volume and a modulus ratio of 100, add appropriate amounts of solvent, inorganic filler and lubricant, and stir evenly to form two components A and B. 2) Mix components A and B at a volume ratio of 1:1 on site and stir evenly. 3) Spray the mixture of components A and B evenly onto the surface of the substrate multiple times.

3. The rubber coating with passive anti-icing and de-icing functions for electric power equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modulus ratio of the two components A and B is between 50-200.

4. The rubber coating with passive anti-icing and de-icing functions for electric power equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rubber material comprises a solid rubber material or a rubber latex, an elastomeric polymer and a curing agent, a vulcanizing agent and a catalyst. The rubber material may be one or more of polyurethane, silicone rubber and modified bodies thereof, or one or more of polyurethane emulsion, styrene-acrylic emulsion, silicone-acrylic emulsion, silicone emulsion and modified bodies thereof, natural latex and modified bodies thereof, and synthetic polyisoprene latex.

5. The rubber coating with passive anti-icing and de-icing functions for electric power equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solvent is a good solvent that can fully dissolve the solid rubber material.

6. The rubber coating with passive anti-icing and de-icing functions for electric power equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic filler is a high dielectric constant crystal material and a metal hydrate resistant to leakage current tracking, such as aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, wherein the dielectric constant of the high dielectric constant crystal material is greater than 10, and the particle size of the inorganic filler is less than 5 μm.

7. The rubber coating with passive anti-icing and de-icing functions for electric power equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lubricant is a liquid material, specifically fluorinated polyether oil, silicone oil and its derivatives, perfluoroalkane, mineral oil, ionic liquid, amphiphilic silicon-based polymer or fluorinated amphiphilic polymer.

8. The rubber coating with passive anti-icing and de-icing functions for electric power equipment and the preparation method thereof according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two components A and B should be mixed during coating, and should not be mixed too early to avoid coagulation. After mixing and stirring evenly, the mixed components are coated on the surface of the substrate by rubber, brush coating, dipping, etc.

9. The rubber coating with passive anti-icing and de-icing functions for electric power equipment and the preparation method thereof according to claim 2, characterized in that: The coating is sprayed in layers, the thickness of a single layer should be greater than 50 μm, and the overall thickness should be greater than 300 μm. The next layer can be applied only after the previous layer is air-dried or baked.

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