Automatic flood storage body

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic flood storage body. The automatic flood storage body comprises a gate, a door body and a dam body. The sluice gate, the gate body and the dam body are connected with one another. The gate body is in a horizontal state when no flood exists, the gate opening is opened, and the river is in a natural state; when flood comes, the gate body is pushed by the flood to close the gate opening, and the flood storage body starts flood storage. By arranging the automatic flood storage body, natural water flow of a river channel can be guaranteed when no flood exists, the flood storage capacity is automatically formed when the flood comes, temporary flood discharge is not needed to increase downstream pressure, and the defects that a common reservoir needs to operate at a high water level, and the reservoir capacity is difficult to fully utilize are overcome. A large number of automatic flood storage bodies are arranged in the river valley zone of the mountainous area, the upstream of the river and the branch zone, the large-area flood storage capacity can be formed, the number and area of plain flood storage areas can be greatly reduced, even the plain flood storage areas are completely replaced, and safety guarantee is provided for social and economic operation of the drainage basin where the plain flood storage areas are located.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of flood control engineering, and in particular to an automatic flood storage body. Background Art

[0002] The current flood control technologies mainly include dam construction, reservoir regulation, and flood diversion by setting up flood storage areas.

[0003] Flood control dams are more effective for floods within the defense standards, but they cannot defend against floods that exceed the standards.

[0004] Reservoirs have strong flood storage capacity, but they often have a certain amount of "dead storage capacity" and cannot fully play the role of water storage. More importantly, reservoirs also have production functions such as power generation, and often need to maintain a high water level. In order to exert their flood storage capacity, the reservoir capacity must be released in advance, but the accuracy of weather forecasts has certain errors, so it is difficult to make a decision to release the reservoir capacity in advance. Even if the judgment is accurate and the reservoir capacity is released in advance, it is still difficult to meet the flood discharge requirements for long-term, super-standard rainfall, or for the entire basin scale. For example, in the 2023 flood in North China, even if the reservoir discharges flood water in advance, the flood discharge into the sea still needs to wait for the gap between the sea tide levels, which is very passive.

[0005] Therefore, the existing technology must set up flood diversion and storage areas. If there is a flood that exceeds the standard, the flood diversion and storage areas must be activated. However, the existing flood diversion and storage areas are all set up in plain low-lying areas, and the floods from various tributaries have converged to form a disaster that is irreversible. Once the flood diversion and storage areas are activated, a large number of farmlands, villages, and even towns will be submerged, causing huge losses. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an automatic flood storage body in order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the existing flood control technology.

[0007] The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: First, address the hazards of existing plain flood storage areas by installing flood storage facilities in sparsely populated mountain valleys and upstream areas of rivers, and reduce or even replace the mid- and lower-stream plain flood storage areas as much as possible.

[0008] Second, solve the hysteresis and inefficiency of existing reservoir technology in dealing with flood storage problems. The technical solution is to set up separate flood storage facilities, not share storage capacity with existing reservoirs, and ensure a certain flood storage capacity.

[0009] Third, use the principles of mechanics to design flood storage facilities that automatically start and stop, without relying on automated equipment such as electricity, to avoid circuit failures during floods.

[0010] Fourth, the facility should not interfere with the natural state of the river system when there is no flood, that is, the river is in a natural flow state when there is no flood, ensuring the natural flow of various substances and organisms along the river.

[0011] Fifth, solve the huge destructive power of floods under current technology. Through the cascaded automatic flood storage series, the impact of floods can be dissipated in sections, reducing a series of secondary disasters.

[0012] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions: An automatic flood storage body, comprising: a gate, a door body, and a dam body, wherein the gate comprises a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is used to connect the door body. The gate is connected to the door body in a horizontal rotating shaft manner, and the dam body is tightly connected to the gate.

[0013] In this scheme, by adopting the pivot connection between the gate and the door body, the door body can be rotated around the horizontal axis to switch the gate between the open and closed states; through the connection between the dam body and the gate, a flood storage capacity can be formed.

[0014] Preferably, the gate includes a bottom chute, which is used to ensure that water always flows through the bottom of the gate when the gate is closed, so as to avoid silt accumulation and blocking of the gate.

[0015] In this solution, by adopting the above structure, the door body will not be buried by the bottom mud and sand when it is closed, and can return to its original horizontal position when the flood recedes.

[0016] Preferably, the gate includes a gate frame for supporting the flood-blocking plate of the gate body during floods, thereby playing a role in blocking floods.

[0017] In this solution, by adopting the above structure, the flood-blocking plate of the door body can be closely fitted with the gate frame, thereby playing a role in blocking floods.

[0018] Preferably, the gate includes an overflow port, which is located above the gate and on both sides of the gate body and is used to discharge high-level flood water.

[0019] In this solution, by adopting the above structure, flood water exceeding the design standard can be discharged through the overflow outlet, thus preventing the flood water from overflowing and eroding the dam mouth.

[0020] Preferably, the gate includes a door cover, which is used to protect the flood retaining plate of the gate body.

[0021] In this solution, by adopting the above structure, the flood retaining plate of the door body can be protected from being covered by other objects when in a horizontal state, thereby ensuring the normal function of the door body.

[0022] Preferably, the gate includes a limit block, which is used to support the door body.

[0023] In this solution, by adopting the above structure, the supporting force of the limit block can offset the downward weight of the door body balance plate and the push-up plate, so that the door body can be stably seated on the limit block when there is no flood.

[0024] Preferably, the door body includes a flood-blocking plate, a balancing plate, a push-up plate, and an axle tube. The flood-blocking plate is located in the upstream direction, and the balancing plate is located in the downstream direction. The balancing plate is also connected to a push-up plate, and the push-up plate is located below the balancing plate when it is in a horizontal state. The door body is in a horizontal state when there is no flood, and the gate is in an open state. When a flood comes, the push-up plate is impacted by the flood and drives the door body to rotate, thereby closing the gate.

[0025] In this scheme, by adopting the above structure, the function of automatic flood blocking can be realized during floods. When a flood comes, the water level rises and the impact force increases, first impacting the push-up plate. The push-up plate tilts upward and converts the impact of the flood into a torque through the balance plate and the shaft inside the shaft tube, and the upstream flood-blocking plate rotates downward through the lever action. After the flood-blocking plate rotates downward at a certain angle, it is directly impacted by the flood and continues to rotate downward until it fits with the gate frame to form a closed state.

[0026] Preferably, the sum of the moments of the balance plate and the push-up plate based on the horizontal rotating shaft is greater than the moment of the flood retaining plate, so that when the flood recedes, the door body can rotate to a horizontal position, and when there is no flood, the door body can stably sit on the limit block of the gate.

[0027] In this solution, by adopting the above structure, it can be achieved that when the flood recedes, the door body returns to the horizontal position, and when there is no flood, the door body is stably in a horizontal state, and the gate is in an open state. When the flood recedes, the flood pressure on the upstream side gradually decreases, and the torque on the downstream side of the door body gradually becomes greater than the torque on the upstream side, so that the door body can swing back to the original horizontal position and fall on the limit block of the gate, and a buffer structure can be installed on the upper part of the limit block. When there is no flood, since the sum of the torques on the downstream side of the door body is greater than the torque on the upstream side, the center of gravity is on the downstream side, and its gravity is offset by the supporting force of the limit block of the gate, so that the door body can stably sit on the limit block when there is no flood.

[0028] Preferably, the push plate forms an angle of -30° to -90° with the horizontal plane along the water flow direction.

[0029] In this solution, by adopting the above structure, when a flood comes, the impact of the flood can be converted into an upward component force, pushing the balance board upward, thereby causing the flood retaining plate to rotate downward and close the gate.

[0030] Preferably, the dam body connects the mountains or highlands on both sides of the water system, and the height of the dam body is determined according to the flood storage capacity of the basin accepted by the river in this flood storage section and the topography of the flood storage area.

[0031] In this plan, by adopting the above structure and through the scientific design of the dam height, sufficient storage capacity can be built to intercept and store floods nearby without increasing the flood control pressure on the next river section.

[0032] Preferably, the automatic flood storage body comprises one or more gates, and each gate is connected to one door body via the rotating shaft.

[0033] In this solution, by adopting the above structure, multiple gates can be arranged in parallel to adapt to rivers with larger widths.

[0034] Preferably, the automatic flood storage body is arranged in sections in the upstream section of the river to form a series of automatic flood storage bodies with stepped distribution.

[0035] In this scheme, by adopting the above structure and the form of cascade linkage, the storage capacity of the flood storage section can be scientifically allocated and the height of the dam body can be determined. Each automatic flood storage body automatically responds to the opening and closing of the gate according to the flood in the river section where it is located, without affecting other river sections. By adopting the cascade series method, a larger flood storage body can be formed. When the gates of all flood storage bodies are closed, a huge flood storage capacity can be formed, thereby reducing or even replacing the flood storage area in the downstream area.

[0036] Preferably, the highest flood storage level of the automatic flood storage body at the upper step is higher than the highest flood storage level of the automatic flood storage body at the lower step, and the closing torque generated by the water level difference between the two on the door body of the upper automatic flood storage body is greater than the torque for the door body to return to the horizontal position.

[0037] In this scheme, by adopting the above structure, the flood storage levels of the upper and lower automatic flood storage bodies can overlap, that is, the highest flood storage level of the lower level can be higher than the lowest water level of the upper level, or even higher than the gate body of the upper level, thereby increasing the flood storage capacity.

[0038] On the basis of being in accordance with the common sense in the art, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be arbitrarily combined to obtain the preferred embodiments of the present invention.

[0039] The positive and progressive effects of the present invention are: The present invention provides an automatic flood storage body and a series of automatic flood storage bodies that are open at normal times, automatically closed during floods, and automatically restored to an open state when the floods recede. This can ensure the natural flow of the river when there is no flood, and automatically form flood storage capacity when a flood comes. There is no need to temporarily discharge flood water like a reservoir to increase the downstream pressure, and it also overcomes the disadvantage that general reservoirs must operate at a high water level and are difficult to fully utilize the storage capacity. At the same time, a large number of automatic flood storage bodies can be set up in the source area of ​​rainfall, that is, the mountain valley area, and a large number of automatic flood storage bodies can be set up in the upstream area of ​​the river, thereby forming a huge flood storage capacity, which can greatly reduce the number and area of ​​plain flood storage areas, and even completely replace the plain flood storage areas, providing safety guarantees for the social and economic operations of the basin. At the same time, the series of automatic flood storage bodies arranged in cascades can dissipate the impact of floods in sections, eliminate the huge destructive power of floods pouring down under the current technology, and reduce a series of secondary disasters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 The principle diagram of the automatic flood storage body of the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the door body of the automatic flood storage body according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the downstream side of the gate of the automatic flood storage body according to the embodiment of the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the upstream side of the gate of the automatic flood storage body according to the embodiment of the present invention Figure 5 A partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the automatic flood storage body in the open state according to an embodiment of the present invention (upstream side) Figure 6 A partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the closed state of the automatic flood storage body according to an embodiment of the present invention (downstream side) Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the complete assembly of the components of the automatic flood storage body according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the combination of multiple gates (including gates) of the automatic flood storage body according to the embodiment of the present invention Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the cascade distribution of the automatic flood storage body according to the embodiment of the present invention Description of reference numerals: Automatic flood storage 100 Flood 01 Flood force 02 Riverbed 03 Lower level maximum flood storage level 04 The highest flood storage level of the upper level is 05 Door 10 Flood barrier 11 Balance Board 12 Push plate 13 Axle tube 14 Gate 20 Shaft 21 Limit block 22 Bottom discharge chute 23 Overflow hole 24 Door cover 25 Gate frame 26 Dam body 30 Implementation

[0041] The present invention will be described more clearly and completely below by way of embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments.

[0042] like Figure 1-Figure 6 The automatic flood storage body 100 of this embodiment includes: a door body 10, a gate 20, and a dam body 30. The door body 10 is composed of a flood retaining plate 11, a balance plate 12, a push-up plate 13, and an axle tube 14; the gate 20 is composed of a rotating shaft 21, a limit block 22, a bottom discharge chute 23, an overflow hole 24, a door cover 25, and a gate frame 26.

[0043] exist Figure 1 It can be seen that the push plate 13 rotates upward under the impact of the flood 02, so that the flood retaining plate 11 on the other side of the rotating shaft 21 rotates downward, thereby forming a blocking effect on the flood.

[0044] exist Figure 2 It can be seen that the door body 10 forms a lever structure with the rotating shaft in the shaft tube 14 as the axis. The push plate 13 itself also serves as a weight block, so that the sum of the moments of the balance plate 12 and the push plate 13 relative to the shaft tube 14 is greater than the moment of the flood retaining plate. Figure 3-Figure 6 It can be seen that the door body 10 and the gate 20 are connected to each other by the rotating shaft 21. The balance plate 12 of the door body 10 is located on the limit block 22 of the gate when there is no flood, and the flood retaining plate 11 of the door body 10 is stored in the door cover 25 of the gate 20.

[0045] exist Figure 6 In the embodiment, the door body 10 is in a vertical state, and the flood retaining plate 11 is tightly attached to the gate frame 26 under the pressure of the flood 01. At the same time, the bottom chute 23 allows a small amount of flood to be discharged, thereby preventing the flood retaining plate 11 from being buried by sediment, so that the flood retaining plate can be smoothly lifted back to its original position when the flood recedes.

[0046] exist Figure 7 It can be seen that the gate body 10, the sluice gate 20, and the dam body 30 together constitute an automatic flood storage body 100, wherein the dam body 30 is closely connected with the mountains or highlands on both sides of the river channel, and together encloses a flood storage space.

[0047] exist Figure 8 It can be seen that the automatic flood storage body 100 is composed of one or more gates 20 arranged in parallel, and each gate 20 is connected to a door body 10 through a rotating shaft.

[0048] exist Fig. 9 It can be seen that the automatic flood storage body 100 is arranged in a stepped manner along the upstream and downstream of the river channel. There is a water level difference between the highest flood storage levels of the upper and lower levels. The upper highest flood storage level 05 is high, and the lower highest flood storage level 04 is low. The water level difference between the two levels generates a closing torque facing downstream on the upper door body 10, and the closing torque must be greater than the restoring torque generated by the door body 10 by the balance plate 12 and the push-up plate 13.

[0049] Although the specific embodiments of the present invention are described above, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that this is only for illustration and the protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, but these changes and modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic flood storage body, characterized in that: The automatic flood storage body comprises: a gate, a door body and a dam body. The gate is connected to the door body in a horizontal rotation axis manner, and the dam body is tightly connected to the gate.

2. The automatic flood storage body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gate includes a rotating shaft, a limit block, a bottom discharge chute, a gate frame, a door cover, and an overflow port. The rotating shaft is used to connect the gate body. The limit block is used to support the balance plate of the door body. The bottom discharge chute is used to ensure that water always flows through the bottom of the gate when the door body is closed, so as to avoid silt accumulation and blocking the gate. The gate frame is used to support the flood retaining plate of the gate body during floods, so as to play a role in blocking floods. The door cover is used to protect the flood retaining plate of the gate body. The overflow port is located above the gate and on both sides of the door body, and is used to discharge high-level floods.

3. The automatic flood storage body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The door body includes a flood-blocking plate, a balance plate, a push-up plate, and an axle tube. The flood-blocking plate is located in the upstream direction, and the balance plate is located in the downstream direction. The balance plate is also connected to a push-up plate, and the push-up plate is located below the balance plate when it is in a horizontal state. The door body is in a horizontal state when there is no flood, and the gate is in an open state. When a flood comes, the push-up plate is impacted by the flood and drives the door body to rotate, thereby closing the gate.

4. The door body according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sum of the moments of the balance plate and the push-up plate based on the horizontal rotating shaft is greater than the moment of the flood retaining plate, so that when the flood recedes, the door body can rotate to a horizontal position, and when there is no flood, the door body can stably sit on the limit block of the gate.

5. The door body according to claim 3, characterized in that: The push-up plate forms an angle of -30° to -90° with the horizontal plane along the water flow direction.

6. The automatic flood storage body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dam body connects the mountains or highlands on both sides of the water system, and the height of the dam body is determined according to the flood storage capacity of the basin accepted by this flood storage section and the topography of the flood storage area.

7. The automatic flood storage body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic flood storage body comprises one or more gates, and each gate is connected to one door body via the rotating shaft.

8. The automatic flood storage body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic flood storage body is arranged in sections in the upstream section of the river to form a series of automatic flood storage bodies with stepped distribution.

9. The automatic flood storage body according to claim 8, characterized in that: The highest flood storage level of the automatic flood storage body at the upper level is higher than the highest flood storage level of the automatic flood storage body at the lower level. The closing torque generated by the water level difference between the two on the door body of the upper automatic flood storage body is greater than the torque for the door body to return to the horizontal position.

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