Po-210 protection device for high-concentration scene and use method of Po-210 protection device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of radiation protection devices, in particular to a Po-210 protection device for a high-concentration scene and a use method of the Po-210 protection device. The protection device comprises a protection head sleeve, a peeping window is arranged on one side of the protection head sleeve, a protection filter box is arranged on the side, provided with the peeping window, of the protection head sleeve in a matched mode, and an air feeder is arranged at the air inlet end of the protection filter box in a matched mode. The protective filtering box comprises a filtering shell, an inner cavity of the filtering shell is filled with impregnated carbon, the impregnated carbon is a material prepared through impregnation treatment of polonium specific adsorption metal, when the protective headgear is worn outside the head of an operator, gas inhaled by the operator can be treated through the protective filtering box, Po-210 in a gas passing space can be effectively filtered, and therefore the gas passing space can be effectively filtered. And air is actively input into the protection device, so that the ventilation resistance increase caused by a filter material in the protection filter box is effectively avoided, smooth breathing of an operator is ensured, and the protection device can be used for safety protection of the operator in a scene that high-concentration Po-210 exists in an air space when a fourth-generation advanced fast reactor pipeline leaks. The use method is based on the protection device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of radiation protection devices, and in particular to a Po-210 protection device for high-concentration scenes and a method for using the same. Background Art

[0002] The fourth-generation advanced fast reactor has the advantages of high energy density, long operating life, and strong inherent safety. It is a reactor type with great application potential in the current fourth-generation nuclear energy system. However, under the fast neutron irradiation in the core area, bismuth (Bi-209) in the coolant will be activated into polonium (Po-210). Po-210 is an extremely toxic radioactive nuclide with strong volatility. In addition, during the long-term operation of the fourth-generation advanced fast reactor, there is a risk of micro-leakage in the pipeline, which poses a great safety risk to the operation and maintenance personnel. Therefore, it is necessary to develop relevant personal protection devices.

[0003] In the prior art, the protection against highly volatile and highly toxic radionuclides in nuclear power plants mainly involves wearing protective devices such as gas masks and protective clothing, among which filter cartridges are the core components of the protective devices. However, the filter materials of the filter cartridges of the existing protective devices mainly use inorganic adsorption materials such as activated carbon, which have problems such as poor selective adsorption performance of Po-210 and low saturated adsorption capacity, making it difficult to effectively filter out Po-210. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the technical problem that existing radiation protection devices are difficult to effectively filter out Po-210, the present invention provides a Po-210 protection device for high-concentration scenarios and a method for using the same, which can effectively filter Po-210 in the air space and ensure smooth breathing for personnel, and can achieve effective protection against Po-210 in the air space of a nuclear reactor building and its related supporting facilities and rooms, thereby providing protection for personnel safety and supporting the safe and sustainable development of the fourth-generation advanced fast reactor.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a Po-210 protection device for high-concentration scenarios, comprising a protective head cover, a peep window is provided on one side of the protective head cover, and a protective filter box is adapted to be provided on the side of the protective head cover where the peep window is provided, and an air supply fan is adapted to be provided at the air inlet end of the protective filter box; the protective filter box comprises a filter shell, and the inner cavity of the filter shell is filled with impregnated carbon, and the impregnated carbon is a material prepared by impregnation treatment of polonium-specific adsorption metal.

[0007] It should be noted that the main existing protection method for highly volatile and highly toxic radioactive nuclides is to wear gas masks, protective clothing and other protective devices. The filter material mainly uses inorganic adsorption materials such as activated carbon, which have problems such as poor selective adsorption performance of Po-210 and low saturated adsorption capacity, making it difficult to effectively filter out Po-210.

[0008] In view of this, the present invention provides a Po-210 protection device for high-concentration scenarios, wherein the protective headgear is adapted to be equipped with a protective filter cartridge, the protective filter cartridge comprising a filter housing, the inner cavity of the filter housing being filled with impregnated carbon, and the impregnated carbon is a material prepared by impregnation treatment of polonium-specific adsorption metal, so that the protective filter cartridge has a specific adsorption capacity for Po. When the protective headgear is worn outside the operator's head, the gas inhaled by the operator can be processed by the protective filter cartridge, thereby effectively filtering the Po-210 in the gas space, and can be used for the safety protection of operators in scenarios where there is a high concentration of Po-210 in the gas space when the fourth-generation advanced fast reactor pipeline leaks.

[0009] At the same time, the impregnated carbon made of materials prepared for polonium-specific adsorption metal impregnation treatment is used to adsorb Po-210 in the gas space, which can not only efficiently filter out Po-210, but also quickly volatilize the Po-210 adsorbed by the protective filter box through heating, thereby realizing the regeneration of the protective filter box, thereby realizing the recycling of the protective filter box and saving the use cost of the protective device.

[0010] Among them, the Po-210 protective device for high-concentration scenarios provided by the present invention has an air supply fan adapted at the air inlet end of the protective filter box to actively input air into the protective device, effectively avoiding the increase in ventilation resistance caused by the filter material in the protective filter box, and ensuring smooth breathing for the operator.

[0011] In addition, a peep window is provided on one side of the protective head cover to provide the operator with an operating field of view through the peep window, so as to protect the operator while ensuring that the operator can directly observe the surrounding environment and perform direct operations, thereby ensuring the convenience of the operator's operation and improving work efficiency.

[0012] In summary, the Po-210 protection device for high-concentration scenarios provided by the present invention can effectively filter Po-210 in the air space and ensure smooth breathing of personnel, and can achieve effective protection of Po-210 in the air space of nuclear reactor buildings and their related supporting facilities and rooms, thereby providing protection for personnel safety and providing support for the safe and sustainable development of the fourth-generation advanced fast reactors.

[0013] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the polonium-specific adsorption metal is a metal selected from the group consisting of copper, silver, platinum, nickel and zinc, so as to ensure that the impregnated carbon has sufficient specific adsorption capacity for Po-210, thereby intercepting and adsorbing Po-210 in the air intake of the protective headgear, while also ensuring that the impregnated carbon has sufficient heating regeneration capacity.

[0014] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the filter housing is provided with a filling port to facilitate the rapid loading of the impregnated carbon into the inner cavity of the filter housing, and the filling port is adapted to be equipped with a pressing plug, which is used to compact the impregnated carbon, thereby ensuring that the impregnated carbon in the filter housing has sufficient density, thereby enabling the impregnated carbon to efficiently and thoroughly filter and intercept Po-210 in the intake air.

[0015] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the filling port is adapted to be equipped with a sealing cover, and the sealing cover is sealingly connected to the filling port to seal the filter housing and prevent leakage of the airflow delivered by the blower.

[0016] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the sealing cover is connected to the filter housing via a thread or a snap to fix the sealing cover and prevent the sealing cover from falling off during use of the protective device.

[0017] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the air inlet end of the filter housing is adapted to be equipped with a filter screen plate to filter out impurities in the air intake of the protective filter box through the filter plate.

[0018] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the protective filter box is detachably connected to the protective head cover to facilitate timely and rapid replacement of the protective filter box, thereby ensuring that the protective head cover can be reused.

[0019] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the protective filter box is connected to the protective head cover by a snap-on structure to ensure that the protective filter box can be quickly connected to the protective head cover and the protective filter box can be quickly removed from the protective head cover.

[0020] In an optional embodiment of the present application, it also includes a protective top and protective pants, the protective top is detachably connected to the protective head cover, and the protective pants are detachably connected to the protective top, so that the operator's whole body is protected by the split protective head cover, protective top and protective pants, ensuring the convenience of using the protective device.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for using a Po-210 protection device for high-concentration scenarios, based on the above-mentioned Po-210 protection device for high-concentration scenarios, comprising the following steps:

[0022] Install the protective filter box on the protective head cover, and connect the air outlet end of the blower to the air inlet end of the protective filter box;

[0023] Wearing a protective coat on the upper body and the protective headgear, and connecting the protective headgear to the protective coat;

[0024] Wearing protective pants on the lower body, and connecting the protective pants to the protective coat;

[0025] Turning on the blower to send the outside air through the protective filter box into the protective head cover and into the protective coat and the protective pants;

[0026] If the protection time is exceeded, replace the protection filter box;

[0027] After use, measure the alpha radioactivity of the protective device. If the alpha radioactivity exceeds the limit, replace the protective device.

[0028] The method for using the Po-210 protective device for high-concentration scenes provided by the present invention comprises the following steps: firstly, a protective coat is worn on the upper body, a protective headgear is worn on the upper body, and protective pants are worn on the lower body in sequence and connected, and then a blower is turned on for operation; during operation, if the protection time is exceeded, the protective filter box is replaced, and after use, the alpha radioactivity activity of the protective device is measured, and if the alpha radioactivity activity exceeds the limit value, the protective device is replaced to ensure that the operator can and complies with regulations to use the protective device, so as to provide protection for personnel safety and support for the safe and sustainable development of the fourth-generation advanced fast reactor.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. The Po-210 protection device provided by the present invention is used in high-concentration scenarios. The protective headgear is adapted to be equipped with a protective filter box. The protective filter box includes a filter housing. The inner cavity of the filter housing is filled with impregnated carbon, and the impregnated carbon is a material prepared by impregnation treatment of polonium-specific adsorption metal, so that the protective filter box has specific adsorption capacity for Po. When the protective headgear is worn outside the operator's head, the gas inhaled by the operator can be processed by the protective filter box, thereby effectively filtering the Po-210 in the gas space. It can be used for the safety protection of operators in the scenario where there is a high concentration of Po-210 in the gas space when the fourth-generation advanced fast reactor pipeline leaks.

[0031] 2. The Po-210 protection device for high-concentration scenarios provided by the present invention adopts impregnated carbon prepared by metal impregnation treatment with a specific adsorption effect on polonium as a capture material to adsorb Po-210 in the gas space, which can not only efficiently filter out Po-210, but also quickly volatilize the Po-210 adsorbed by the protection filter box by heating, thereby realizing the regeneration of the protection filter box, thereby realizing the recycling of the protection filter box and saving the use cost of the protection device.

[0032] 3. The Po-210 protective device for high-concentration scenarios provided by the present invention has an air supply fan adapted at the air inlet end of the protective filter box to actively input air into the protective device, effectively avoiding the increase in ventilation resistance caused by the filter material in the protective filter box, and ensuring smooth breathing for the operator.

[0033] 4. The Po-210 protective device for high-concentration scenes provided by the present invention has a peep window on one side of the protective headgear to provide the operator with an operating field of view through the peep window, so as to protect the operator while ensuring that the operator can directly observe the surrounding environment and perform direct operations, thereby ensuring the convenience of the operator's operation and improving work efficiency.

[0034] 5. The method for using the Po-210 protective device for high-concentration scenarios provided by the present invention comprises the following steps: firstly, the protective coat is worn on the upper body, the protective headgear is worn on the lower body, and the protective pants are worn on the lower body in sequence and connected, and then the blower is turned on for operation. During the operation, if the protection time is exceeded, the protective filter cartridge is replaced, and after use, the α radioactivity activity of the protective device is measured. If the α radioactivity activity exceeds the limit, the protective device is replaced to ensure that the operator can and complies with the regulations to use the protective device, thereby providing protection for personnel safety and supporting the safe and sustainable development of the fourth-generation advanced fast reactor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0036] In the attached picture:

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a Po-210 protection device used in a high-concentration scenario according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the protective filter box structure of the Po-210 protective device used in high-concentration scenarios according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Reference numerals:

[0040] 10-protective head cover, 11-peep window, 20-protective filter box, 21-filter housing, 22-impregnated carbon, 23-pressing plug, 24-sealing cover, 25-filter screen plate, 30-blower, 40-protective top, 50-protective pants. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0042] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for which protection is sought, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0043] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0044] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the indicated orientation or position relationship is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or is the orientation or position relationship in which the product of the application is conventionally placed when in use, or is the orientation or position relationship conventionally understood by those skilled in the art. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0045] In the description of this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0046] It should be noted that the main existing protection method for highly volatile and highly toxic radioactive nuclides is to wear gas masks, protective clothing and other protective devices. The filter materials mainly use inorganic adsorption materials such as activated carbon, which have problems such as poor selective adsorption performance of Po-210 and low saturated adsorption capacity. It is difficult to effectively filter out Po-210, which brings great safety risks to the operation and maintenance personnel of the fourth-generation advanced fast reactors.

[0047] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventor innovatively designed the following technical solution, and the specific implementation solution of this application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present embodiment provides a Po-210 protection device for high-concentration scenarios, including a protective head cover 10, a peep window 11 is provided on one side of the protective head cover 10, and a protective filter box 20 is adapted to be provided on the side of the protective head cover 10 where the peep window 11 is provided, and an air supply fan 30 is adapted to be provided at the air inlet end of the protective filter box 20; the protective filter box 20 includes a filter housing 21, and the inner cavity of the filter housing 21 is filled with impregnated carbon, and the impregnated carbon 22 is a material prepared by impregnation treatment of polonium-specific adsorption metal.

[0050] It is understandable that the operator protection devices used in radioactive places are all capable of protecting the operator's entire body, that is, when the operator is working in a radioactive place, the entire body needs to be inside the protective suit.

[0051] In this regard, the present embodiment further includes a protective top 40 and protective pants 50, wherein the protective top 40 is detachably connected to the protective head cover 10, and the protective pants 50 is detachably connected to the protective top 40, so that the operator's entire body is protected by the split protective head cover 10, the protective top 40 and the protective pants 50, thereby ensuring the convenience of using the protective device.

[0052] It should be understood that the protective headgear 10 and the protective top 40, as well as the protective top 40 and the protective pants 50 are sealedly connected, such as by sealed tearing, sealed magnetic connection components, etc., to prevent radioactive gases or aerosols from entering the inner cavity of the protective device.

[0053] At the same time, the protective headgear 10, protective top 40 and protective pants 50 are all important components of the protective device, and their main materials are all high-performance barrier film materials, such as polyester film (PET), polyvinyl alcohol film (PVA), polyurethane film (PU) and aluminum foil composite film, among which polyester film has good barrier properties and mechanical strength, polyvinyl alcohol film has excellent water vapor barrier properties, polyurethane film has both flexibility and wear resistance, and aluminum foil composite film can provide excellent barrier properties. In protective clothing, aluminum foil composite film is usually used to effectively isolate aerosols in the air space and avoid docking of radioactive elements. Its size is similar to that of conventional protective clothing.

[0054] The peep window 11 provided on the protective head cover 10 is used for protection and observation of the operator and needs to be sealed and connected to the protective head cover 10 body to prevent leakage. The size of the peep window 11 should not be too large. Generally speaking, the peep window 11 has a field of view width of 20cm-60cm and a height of 10cm-30cm, such as a frame with a field of view width of 30cm and a height of 20cm.

[0055] The protective filter box 20 is used to purify and filter the gas entering the protective device, so as to remove the Po-210 therein. It is installed on the protective head cover 10 in the working state. Its volume should not be too large. Usually, the protective filter box 20 is cylindrical, and the diameter of the protective filter box 20 is 2cm-20cm and the length is 5cm-25cm, such as a diameter of 10cm and a length of 15cm.

[0056] Combination Figure 2 Specifically, in this embodiment, the filter housing 21 of the protective filter box 20 is cylindrical, and the filter housing 21 is made of aluminum alloy to reduce the weight of the protective filter box 20 while ensuring that it has sufficient structural strength and stability in a radiation environment and avoids the adsorption of Po-210 on its outer surface.

[0057] It is known that the filter housing 21 is provided with a filling port, so as to quickly load the impregnated carbon 22 into the inner cavity of the filter housing 21, and the filling port is adapted with a press plug 23, which is used to compact the impregnated carbon 22, and can ensure that the impregnated carbon 22 in the filter housing 21 has sufficient density, so that the impregnated carbon 22 can efficiently and thoroughly filter and intercept Po-210 in the intake air. For the press plug 23, a T-type plug is usually used to ensure that the press plug 23 has sufficient installation stability in the working state.

[0058] On this basis, the filling port is adapted with a sealing cover 24 , and the sealing cover 24 is sealed and connected to the filling port so as to seal the filter housing 21 and prevent the airflow delivered by the blower 30 from leaking.

[0059] In this embodiment, the sealing cover 24 is connected to the filter housing 21 by means of threads or buckles, so as to fix the sealing cover 24 and prevent the sealing cover 24 from falling off during the use of the protective device.

[0060] Generally speaking, the air inlet end of the filter housing 21 is equipped with a filter screen 25 to filter out impurities in the air inlet of the protective filter box 20. For radioactive environments, a screen of 0.05mm-3mm is generally provided.

[0061] It should be known that the protective filter box 20 is detachably connected to the protective head cover 10, so that the protective filter box 20 can be replaced promptly and quickly after the protective filter box 20 reaches the end of its service life, thereby ensuring that the protective head cover 10 can be reused.

[0062] The connection between the protective filter box 20 and the protective head cover 10 can be achieved through a magnetic structure connection, a threaded structure connection or a snap-on structure connection. In the present embodiment, the protective filter box 20 is connected to the protective head cover 10 through a snap-on structure to ensure that the protective filter box 20 can be quickly connected to the protective head cover 10 and the protective filter box 20 can be quickly removed from the protective head cover 10.

[0063] Specifically, in the snap-fit ​​connection mechanism between the protective filter box 20 and the protective head cover 10, the width of the male buckle is 0.1 cm-2 cm, and the width of the female buckle is determined by the width of the male buckle and the gap.

[0064] It should be noted that the polonium-specific adsorption metal is a metal selected from copper, silver, platinum, nickel and zinc, so as to ensure that the impregnated carbon 22 has sufficient specific adsorption capacity for Po-210, thereby intercepting and adsorbing Po-210 in the air intake of the protective headgear 10, and also ensure that the impregnated carbon 22 has sufficient heating regeneration capacity. For wearing protective gear, the weight of the impregnated carbon in the protective filter box 20 is 50g-500g, such as filling 200g of impregnated carbon 22 particles.

[0065] It is known that impregnated carbon 22 (referring to metal impregnated carbon material obtained through the impregnation process) is mainly used to improve the performance of activated carbon in the metal impregnation process. Specifically, impregnation is a process of immersing activated carbon material in a metal ion solution containing specific components to change its surface or internal composition. In the impregnated carbon 22 process, the following steps are usually involved:

[0066] Clean the surface of carbon materials: remove dirt and oxides on the surface of carbon materials to ensure uniformity and effectiveness of impregnation.

[0067] Preparation of impregnation solution: According to the required metal content, prepare the corresponding metal ion solution, usually using nitrate or other compounds.

[0068] Impregnation: The cleaned activated carbon material is immersed in a metal ion solution, usually under specific temperature and time conditions to ensure adequate penetration.

[0069] Post-treatment: After impregnation, corresponding heating, annealing or quenching treatments are carried out to promote the diffusion and solid solution of the metal in the carbon matrix.

[0070] In addition, since the protective filter box 20 contains specific filter material, there is a large ventilation resistance, which may cause the operator to have difficulty breathing, so it is necessary to equip it with an air supply device. In this embodiment, the flow rate of the air blower 30 is controlled within the range of 0-50 SLPM, the length of the air duct is 10-100 cm, and the gas source is ambient air.

[0071] In summary, the Po-210 protection device for high-concentration scenarios provided in this embodiment includes a protective headgear 10, a protective top 40 and protective pants 50. The protective headgear 10 is adapted to be equipped with a protective filter box 20. The protective filter box 20 includes a filter shell 21. The inner cavity of the filter shell 21 is filled with impregnated carbon, and the impregnated carbon 22 is a material prepared by a polonium-specific adsorption metal impregnation treatment, so that the protective filter box 20 has a specific adsorption ability for Po.

[0072] At the same time, the impregnated carbon 22 made of materials prepared by the polonium-specific adsorption metal impregnation treatment is used to adsorb Po-210 in the gas space, which can not only filter out Po-210 efficiently, but also quickly volatilize the Po-210 adsorbed by the protective filter box 20 through heating, thereby realizing the regeneration of the protective filter box 20, thereby realizing the recycling of the protective filter box 20 and saving the use cost of the protective device.

[0073] Among them, the air inlet end of the protective filter box 20 is adapted to be equipped with a blower 30 to actively input air into the protective device, effectively avoiding the increase of ventilation resistance caused by the filter material in the protective filter box 20, and ensuring smooth breathing of the operator.

[0074] In addition, a peep window 11 is provided on one side of the protective head cover 10 to provide the operator with an operating field of view through the peep window 11, so as to protect the operator while ensuring that the operator can directly observe the surrounding environment and perform direct operation, thereby ensuring the convenience of the operator's operation and improving work efficiency.

[0075] When the protective headgear 10 is worn outside the operator's head, the gas inhaled by the operator can be processed through the protective filter box 20, thereby effectively filtering the Po-210 in the gas space. It can be used for the safety protection of operators in the scenario where there is a high concentration of Po-210 in the gas space when the fourth-generation advanced fast reactor pipeline leaks.

[0076] In summary, the Po-210 protection device for high-concentration scenarios provided by the present invention can effectively filter Po-210 in the air space and ensure smooth breathing of personnel, and can achieve effective protection of Po-210 in the air space of nuclear reactor buildings and their related supporting facilities and rooms, thereby providing protection for personnel safety and providing support for the safe and sustainable development of the fourth-generation advanced fast reactors.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] This embodiment provides a method for using a Po-210 protection device for high-concentration scenarios, including the following steps:

[0079] S10, installing the protective filter box 20 on the protective head cover 10, and connecting the air outlet end of the blower 30 to the air inlet end of the protective filter box 20.

[0080] Specifically, the protective head cover 10 and the protective top 40, as well as the protective top 40 and the protective pants 50 are sealedly connected, such as by sealed tearing, sealed magnetic connection components, etc., to prevent gases containing radioactive elements from entering the inner cavity of the protective device.

[0081] At the same time, the protective headgear 10, protective top 40 and protective pants 50 are all important components of the protective device, and their main materials are all high-performance barrier film materials, such as polyester film (PET), polyvinyl alcohol film (PVA), polyurethane film (PU) and aluminum foil composite film, among which polyester film has good barrier properties and mechanical strength, polyvinyl alcohol film has excellent water vapor barrier properties, polyurethane film has both flexibility and wear resistance, and aluminum foil composite film can provide excellent barrier properties. In protective clothing, aluminum foil composite film is usually used to effectively isolate aerosols in the air space and avoid docking of radioactive elements. Its size is similar to that of conventional protective clothing.

[0082] The protective head cover 10 is provided with a peep window 11, which is used for protection and observation of the operator and needs to be sealed and connected to the protective head cover 10 body to prevent leakage. The size of the peep window 11 should not be too large. Generally speaking, the peep window 11 has a field of view width of 20cm-60cm and a height of 10cm-30cm, such as a frame with a field of view width of 30cm and a height of 20cm.

[0083] The protective filter box 20 is used to purify and filter the gas entering the protective device, so as to remove the Po-210 therein. It is installed on the protective head cover 10 in the working state. Its volume should not be too large. Usually, the protective filter box 20 is cylindrical, and the diameter of the protective filter box 20 is 2cm-20cm and the length is 5cm-25cm, such as a diameter of 10cm and a length of 15cm.

[0084] Combination Figure 2 Specifically, in this embodiment, the filter housing 21 of the protective filter box 20 is cylindrical, and the filter housing 21 is made of aluminum alloy to reduce the weight of the protective filter box 20 while ensuring that it has sufficient structural strength and stability in a radiation environment and avoids the adsorption of Po-210 on its outer surface.

[0085] It is known that the filter housing 21 is provided with a filling port, so as to quickly load the impregnated carbon 22 into the inner cavity of the filter housing 21, and the filling port is adapted with a press plug 23, which is used to compact the impregnated carbon 22, and can ensure that the impregnated carbon 22 in the filter housing 21 has sufficient density, so that the impregnated carbon 22 can efficiently and thoroughly filter and intercept Po-210 in the intake air. For the press plug 23, a T-type plug is usually used to ensure that the press plug 23 has sufficient installation stability in the working state.

[0086] On this basis, the filling port is adapted with a sealing cover 24 , and the sealing cover 24 is sealed and connected to the filling port so as to seal the filter housing 21 and prevent the airflow delivered by the blower 30 from leaking.

[0087] In this embodiment, the sealing cover 24 is connected to the filter housing 21 by means of threads or buckles, so as to fix the sealing cover 24 and prevent the sealing cover 24 from falling off during the use of the protective device.

[0088] Generally speaking, the air inlet end of the filter housing 21 is equipped with a filter screen 25 to filter out impurities in the air inlet of the protective filter box 20 through the filter screen 25. For radioactive environments, a screen with a diameter of 0.05 mm to 3 mm is generally provided.

[0089] It should be known that the protective filter box 20 is detachably connected to the protective head cover 10, so that the protective filter box 20 can be replaced promptly and quickly after the protective filter box 20 reaches the end of its service life, thereby ensuring that the protective head cover 10 can be reused.

[0090] The connection between the protective filter box 20 and the protective head cover 10 can be achieved through a magnetic structure connection, a threaded structure connection or a snap-on structure connection. In the present embodiment, the protective filter box 20 is connected to the protective head cover 10 through a snap-on structure to ensure that the protective filter box 20 can be quickly connected to the protective head cover 10 and the protective filter box 20 can be quickly removed from the protective head cover 10.

[0091] Specifically, in the snap-fit ​​connection mechanism between the protective filter box 20 and the protective head cover 10, the width of the male buckle is 0.1 cm-2 cm, and the width of the female buckle is determined by the width of the male buckle and the gap.

[0092] It should be noted that the polonium-specific adsorption metal is a metal selected from copper, silver, platinum, nickel and zinc, so as to ensure that the impregnated carbon 22 has sufficient specific adsorption capacity for Po-210, thereby intercepting and adsorbing Po-210 in the air intake of the protective headgear 10, and also ensure that the impregnated carbon 22 has sufficient heating regeneration capacity. For wearing protective gear, the weight of the impregnated carbon in the protective filter box 20 is 50g-500g, such as filling 200g of impregnated carbon 22 particles.

[0093] It is known that impregnated carbon 22 (referring to the carbon-containing material obtained by the impregnation process) is mainly used to improve the properties of metals in the metal impregnation process. Specifically, impregnation is a process of immersing a metal material in a solution containing specific components to change its surface or internal composition. In the impregnated carbon 22 process, the following steps are usually involved:

[0094] Cleaning the activated carbon surface: Remove dirt and oxides from the surface of the activated carbon to ensure uniformity and effectiveness of impregnation.

[0095] Preparation of impregnation solution: According to the required metal content, prepare the corresponding metal salt solution, usually using nitrate or other compounds.

[0096] Impregnation: The cleaned activated carbon is immersed in a metal salt solution, usually under specific temperature and time conditions to ensure adequate carbon penetration.

[0097] Post-treatment: After impregnation, corresponding heating, annealing or quenching treatments are performed to promote the diffusion and solid solution of metal ions in the carbon matrix.

[0098] In this embodiment, the polonium-specific adsorption metal is silver metal, and the specific preparation method is as follows:

[0099] S101. Wash the activated carbon with tap water, deionized water and ethanol for multiple times, dry it in an oven at 60-150° C. (such as 100° C.) for 24-96 hours (such as 72 hours), and place it in a dry place for use.

[0100] S102, the activated carbon and silver nitrate are stirred for a set time, then drained, washed with ethanol, dried again, and calcined under a protective gas atmosphere after drying. Specifically, 1-10g of the activated carbon is placed in 2-24ml of silver nitrate solution, stirred at a speed of 100rpm for 24h, drained, washed once with ethanol, and then placed in an oven at 110°C for 72h. After drying, the activated carbon is placed in a tubular furnace in an argon atmosphere and calcined for 2 hours for use.

[0101] S103, take the above silver-loaded activated carbon and stir it in the AgCl solution for a set time, then carry out a reduction reaction, and wash, drain, vacuum dry, and calcine at high temperature in a protective atmosphere in sequence. Specifically, take 1-10g of the above silver-loaded activated carbon and disperse it in 50-500ml of AgCl (set the silver gradient to 1-50g / L and stir it at a speed of 300·rpm for 30min, then slowly add ascorbic acid for reduction reaction, wash it with deionized water 3 times, carry out reduction reaction for 1h, then wash it with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol 3 times respectively, drain it and place it in a vacuum drying oven at 95°C for 24h, then place it in a tubular furnace and calcine it at high temperature for 240min in an argon atmosphere to obtain silver-loaded activated carbon.

[0102] The thermal test verified that the adsorption rate of Po-210 by the protective filter box 20 provided in this embodiment can reach more than 99.9%.

[0103] In addition, since the protective filter box 20 contains specific filter material, there is a large ventilation resistance, which may cause the operator to have difficulty breathing, so it is necessary to equip it with an air supply device. In this embodiment, the flow rate of the air blower 30 is controlled within the range of 0-50 SLPM, the length of the air duct is 10-100 cm, and the gas source is ambient air.

[0104] S20 , wearing the protective coat 40 on the upper body and the protective headgear 10 , and connecting the protective headgear 10 to the protective coat 40 .

[0105] S30, wearing the protective pants 50 on the lower body, and connecting the protective pants 50 to the protective coat 40.

[0106] S40, turning on the blower 30 to send the external air into the protective headgear 10 after passing through the protective filter box 20, and then into the protective coat 40 and the protective pants 50;

[0107] If the protection time is exceeded, replace the protection filter box 20. For the above protection filter box 20 and the working environment of the fourth-generation advanced fast reactor, the protection time is 30 minutes to 240 minutes, which is specifically determined according to the concentration of Po-210 in the environment.

[0108] After use, the alpha radioactivity of the protective device is measured. If the alpha radioactivity exceeds the limit, the protective device is replaced. It is understood that after use, the alpha radioactivity of the protective device is measured by a portable on-site total alpha / beta measuring instrument. If it exceeds the limit, the protective device needs to be replaced immediately and treated. Correspondingly, the alpha radioactivity limit is 11.1Bq / m3-111.0Bq / m3.

[0109] In summary, the method for using the Po-210 protective device for high-concentration scenarios provided in this embodiment is to first wear the protective coat 40 on the upper body and the protective headgear 10, and wear the protective pants 50 on the lower body in sequence, and connect them together, and then turn on the blower 30 for operation. During the operation, if the protection time is exceeded, the protective filter box 20 is replaced, and after use, the α radioactivity activity of the protective device is measured. If the α radioactivity activity exceeds the limit, the protective device is replaced to ensure that the operator can and complies with the regulations to use the protective device, so as to provide protection for personnel safety and provide support for the safe and sustainable development of the fourth-generation advanced fast reactor.

[0110] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A Po-210 protection device for high concentration scenes, characterized in that: The protective head cover (10) comprises a peep window (11) provided on one side of the protective head cover (10), and a protective filter box (20) is adapted to be provided on the side of the protective head cover (10) where the peep window (11) is provided, and a blower (30) is adapted to be provided on the air inlet end of the protective filter box (20); The protective filter box (20) comprises a filter housing (21), the inner cavity of the filter housing (21) is filled with impregnated carbon, and the impregnated carbon (22) is a material prepared by impregnation treatment of polonium-specific adsorption metal.

2. The Po-210 protection device for high concentration scenarios according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The polonium-specific adsorption metal is a metal selected from the group consisting of copper, silver, platinum, nickel and zinc.

3. The Po-210 protection device for high concentration scenes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The filter housing (21) is provided with a filling port, and the filling port is adapted to be equipped with a pressing plug (23), and the pressing plug (23) is used to compact the impregnated carbon (22).

4. The Po-210 protection device for high concentration scenes according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The filling port is equipped with a sealing cover (24), and the sealing cover (24) is sealed and connected to the filling port.

5. The Po-210 protection device for high concentration scenes according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The sealing cover (24) is connected to the filter housing (21) via threads or buckles.

6. The Po-210 protection device for high concentration scenes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet end of the filter housing (21) is adapted to be equipped with a filter screen plate (25).

7. The Po-210 protection device for high concentration scenes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective filter box (20) is detachably connected to the protective head cover (10).

8. The Po-210 protection device for high concentration scenes according to claim 7, characterized in that: The protective filter box (20) is connected to the protective head cover (10) via a snap-fit ​​structure.

9. The Po-210 protection device for high concentration scenes according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: It also comprises a protective coat (40) and protective pants (50), wherein the protective coat (40) is detachably connected to the protective head cover (10), and the protective pants (50) is detachably connected to the protective coat (40).

10. A method for using a Po-210 protection device for high-concentration scenes, characterized in that: The Po-210 protection device for high-concentration scenes according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: The protective filter box (20) is installed on the protective head cover (10), and the air outlet end of the air blower (30) is connected to the air inlet end of the protective filter box (20); Wearing a protective coat (40) on the upper body and the protective headgear (10), and connecting the protective headgear (10) to the protective coat (40); Wearing protective pants (50) on the lower body, and connecting the protective pants (50) to the protective coat (40); Turning on the air blower (30) to send the outside air through the protective filter box (20) into the protective head cover (10), and then into the protective coat (40) and the protective pants (50); If the protection time is exceeded, the protection filter box (20) is replaced; After use, measure the alpha radioactivity of the protective device. If the alpha radioactivity exceeds the limit, replace the protective device.

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