Protective cover with self-cleaning function for drop-out fuse and preparation method of protective cover

Abstract

The invention discloses a protective cover with a self-cleaning function for a drop-out fuse. The protective cover comprises a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) protective cover base body and a self-cleaning nano composite coating coated on the surface of the protective cover base body. The protective cover base body is manufactured through an injection molding process and has a folding design to adapt to and protect the drop-out fuse, and short circuit caused by contact of small animals is prevented. In order to solve the problem of smudginess of an outdoor environment, a nano composite coating formed by blending TiO2 nano fibers and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is prepared on the surface of a matrix by adopting an electrostatic spraying method. The coating has super-hydrophobic and self-cleaning functions, the surface insulation performance of the protective cover can be remarkably improved, and pollution flashover accidents are reduced. Through finished product inspection, the protective cover has excellent super-hydrophobic, self-cleaning and durability, is suitable for an outdoor complex environment, and effectively guarantees the safe operation of the drop-out fuse.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of power equipment protection and surface treatment, and in particular relates to a protective cover for a drop-type fuse with a self-cleaning function and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the field of supporting equipment for power facilities, especially for the protection of drop-out fuses, the existing technology mainly includes traditional protective cover designs. These designs mainly focus on physical isolation and protection to prevent small animals or external objects from contacting the fuse, thereby reducing the risk of short circuits and power outages. These protective covers are usually made of rubber, plastic, fiberglass or other hard materials, and have certain mechanical strength and protective effects.

[0003] However, these traditional protective covers are insufficient in dealing with dirt problems in complex outdoor environments. Since drop-out fuses work in complex outdoor environments, dust, dirt and other impurities are easily accumulated on the surface of the protective covers of the prior art, resulting in reduced insulation performance and increased risk of flashover accidents. In addition, cleaning and maintenance are difficult. For protective covers with dirty surfaces, manual cleaning and maintenance are usually required, which not only increases the workload and cost, but also in some high-altitude or difficult-to-access occasions, cleaning work may not be possible or may pose a safety hazard. Most of the protective covers in the prior art do not have a self-cleaning function and cannot automatically remove surface dirt, and thus cannot maintain good insulation performance and protective effects for a long time. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of this section is to summarize some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the specification abstract and the invention title of this application to avoid blurring the purpose of this section, the specification abstract and the invention title, and such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0005] In view of the above problems and / or the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a protective cover for a drop-out fuse with a self-cleaning function.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a protective cover for a drop-out type fuse with a self-cleaning function, characterized in that: the protective cover for the drop-out type fuse is composed of a polyvinyl chloride protective cover substrate and a self-cleaning nano-composite coating thereof;

[0008] The protective cover base comprises a main cavity, a fixed female buckle, a fixed sub-buckle, and a folding area, wherein the folding area is used to fold the protective cover base structure formed by one-time injection molding to clamp the lower end of the drop-out fuse to form an insulating protective structure;

[0009] The nano composite coating is a nano composite film formed by mixing and compounding TiO2 nano fibers and polyvinylidene fluoride.

[0010] Another object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a method for preparing a protective cover for a drop-out fuse with a self-cleaning function, which is characterized by comprising:

[0011] The base structure of the protective cover is manufactured by injection molding process, and the surface of the base is frosted;

[0012] preparing a TiO2 nanofiber precursor solution;

[0013] TiO2 nanofibers were obtained by electrospinning and calcining.

[0014] TiO2 nanofibers and polyvinylidene fluoride powder are fully and evenly stirred in the solvent N,N-dimethylacetamide, and then a coating of uniform thickness is evenly sprayed on the surface of the protective cover by electrostatic spraying. After curing, a protective cover for drop-out fuses with a self-cleaning function is obtained.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the preparation method of the present invention, wherein: the base structure of the protective cover is manufactured by an injection molding process, wherein the material of the base structure is high-performance polyvinyl chloride particles.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the present invention, the TiO2 nanofiber precursor solution is prepared, wherein the precursor solution includes tetrabutyl titanate TBT, a mixed solution of ethanol and acetic acid, and polyvinyl pyrrolidone PVP.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the present invention, the mixed solution of ethanol and acetic acid has a volume ratio of ethanol to acetic acid of 4:1.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the present invention, the mass ratio of TBT to PVP is 5±1:1.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the present invention, the TiO2 nanofibers are obtained by electrospinning and calcining, wherein the calcination temperature is 600-1000°C.

[0020] As a preferred solution of the preparation method of the present invention, the mass of the TiO2 nanofibers is 5% to 30% of the total mass of the TiO2 nanofibers and the polyvinylidene fluoride powder.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the present invention, the curing treatment condition is curing at 80-120° C. for 0.5-3 h.

[0022] Another object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a protective cover for a drop-out fuse for use in anti-fouling and anti-corrosion.

[0023] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0024] (1) Unique self-cleaning function: The present invention applies a self-cleaning nanocomposite coating on the surface of the protective cover. The coating is a composite of TiO2 nanofibers and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and has excellent superhydrophobicity and self-cleaning function. This property enables the surface of the protective cover to repel water and most liquids, while utilizing the photocatalytic effect of the TiO2 nanofibers to decompose organic matter and dirt attached to the surface, thereby achieving self-cleaning. This function significantly reduces the need for manual cleaning, reduces maintenance costs, and extends the service life of the protective cover.

[0025] (2) Excellent insulation performance: By using polyvinyl chloride (PVC) as the base material of the protective cover and combining it with the application of a self-cleaning nanocomposite coating, the insulation performance of the protective cover of the present invention has been significantly improved. The PVC material itself has good insulation performance, and the coating further enhances its ability to resist contamination and aging, thereby reducing the risk of flashover accidents and improving the safe operation level of the drop-out fuse.

[0026] (3) Optimization of structural design: The protective cover of the present invention adopts a unique main cavity, fixed female buckle, fixed sub-buckle and crease area design, so that the protective cover can be easily folded and clamped to the lower end of the drop-out fuse. This structural design not only simplifies the installation process and reduces the difficulty of construction, but also facilitates subsequent maintenance and overhaul work. At the same time, the sealing performance of the protective cover is also effectively guaranteed to prevent interference from external factors such as small animals. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor. Among them:

[0028] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the protective cover for the drop-out fuse provided by the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the photocatalytic performance test results of the product obtained in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the super-hydrophobicity test results of the product prepared in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the super-hydrophobic performance test results of a product obtained in a comparative example of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments of the specification.

[0033] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0034] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0035] The raw materials used in the present invention are: butyl titanate (analytical grade), Tianjin Komiou Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.; polyvinyl pyrrolidone K90 (analytical grade), Tianjin Bodi Chemical Co., Ltd.; anhydrous ethanol (analytical grade), Tianjin Fuyu Fine Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0036] Instruments / equipment used in the embodiments of the present invention: X-ray diffractometer (Y-2000); UV-visible spectrophotometer (UV-1600PC); infrared spectrometer (HHS11-1); microscope (LPK-M016B); muffle furnace (NBD-M1200).

[0037] Example 1

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, a protective cover for a drop-out type fuse with a self-cleaning function is provided in the first embodiment of the present invention, and is composed of a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) protective cover substrate and a self-cleaning nano-composite coating thereof.

[0039] Among them, the protective cover base structure includes a main cavity 1, a fixed mother buckle 2, a fixed sub-buckle 3, and a crease area 4. The crease area 4 is used to fold the protective cover base structure formed by one-time injection molding to clamp the lower end of the drop-out fuse to form an insulating protection structure to prevent small animals (mice, birds, etc.) from approaching and causing the drop-out fuse to short-circuit and cause a power-off accident.

[0040] The nanocomposite coating is a nanocomposite film formed by mixing and compounding TiO2 nanofibers and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and is prepared by an electrostatic spraying method.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a protective cover for a drop-out fuse, comprising the following steps:

[0043] (1) Material and mold preparation

[0044] Raw materials: High-performance polyvinyl chloride (PVC) particles are selected to ensure compliance with environmental protection and strength requirements.

[0045] Mold design: Design the injection mold according to the specific size and shape of the protective cover to ensure surface smoothness and precision.

[0046] (2) Injection molding, using a medium-sized injection molding machine (Dongguan Lichang Machinery Co., Ltd. J220ADS), the parameters of which are set as follows:

[0047] Barrel temperature: 45±5℃ in feeding zone; gradually increase to 190±5℃ in subsequent zones; nozzle 200±5℃;

[0048] Melt temperature: 210±5℃, this temperature setting helps the PVC resin to fully melt and maintain stable fluidity;

[0049] Barrel constant temperature: 120±5℃;

[0050] Mold temperature: 50±5℃ to promote uniform cooling and prevent deformation;

[0051] Injection pressure: 100±10Mpa, adjust the injection pressure according to the complexity of the mold and the fluidity of PVC;

[0052] Holding pressure: 30% to 60% of injection pressure;

[0053] Back pressure: 6±1MPa;

[0054] Shrinkage: 1.5%;

[0055] Holding time: Ensure that there are no shrinkage holes or bubbles inside the product. The holding time is about 5-10 seconds;

[0056] Cooling time: Depending on the mold size and material properties, the cooling time is usually 15-30 seconds.

[0057] (3) Surface frosting

[0058] Abrasive media: Use fine-grained sandpaper or abrasive wheels to abrade the surface in preparation for subsequent surface spraying to increase adhesion;

[0059] Treatment intensity: Control the intensity of the sanding to ensure that the surface roughness is moderate, which can enhance adhesion without destroying the substrate structure;

[0060] Cleaning: After sanding, clean the surface thoroughly to remove any residue and ensure that the surface is clean and free of impurities.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] This embodiment is to perform surface treatment on the protective cover for the drop-out type fuse prepared in Example 2, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0063] (1) Preparation of precursor solution

[0064] A mixture of 14 g of ethanol and acetic acid (4:1), 4 g of tetrabutyl titanate, and 1 g of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) were added into a small beaker with a magnet. The beaker was placed on a magnetic stirrer and stirred for 24 h, and then allowed to stand for 2 h to obtain an electrospinning precursor solution.

[0065] (2) Preparation of TiO2 nanofibers by electrospinning technology

[0066] Pour the precursor solution into a plastic syringe, and then install a 0.4mm needle on the other end to produce thinner fibers. Fix the syringe, connect the positive pole of the power supply to the metal needle, and the negative pole to the metal receiver. Adjust the distance between the two to about 15cm, control the temperature at 20-25℃, the humidity at 50-55%, and the voltage at 15kV.

[0067] After the electrospinning is completed, the white nanofibers on the receiver are carefully removed and placed in a crucible. After drying, they are placed in a muffle furnace for calcination. The temperature is slowly raised to 800°C. After the calcination is completed, the well-crystallized TiO2 nanofibers can be obtained by keeping the temperature for 3 hours.

[0068] (3) Preparation of nano-mixed solution

[0069] Raw materials: TiO2 nanofibers, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) powder, solvent N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc).

[0070] Ratio: Adjust the ratio of TiO2 nanofibers to PVDF, with TiO2 accounting for 20%.

[0071] Stirring: Stir the mixed solution thoroughly to ensure that the nanofibers are evenly dispersed.

[0072] (4) Electrostatic spraying

[0073] Voltage: Set the spraying voltage between 20 and 30 kV and adjust it according to the conductivity of the solution.

[0074] Spraying distance: The distance between the nozzle and the surface of the protective cover is controlled at 20 to 30 cm.

[0075] Spraying speed: Move the spray gun evenly to ensure consistent coating thickness and avoid buildup.

[0076] Coating thickness: By controlling the number of spraying times and solution concentration, the required coating thickness can be achieved, generally about 10-50μm.

[0077] (5) Curing treatment

[0078] Temperature: Place the sprayed protective cover in an oven and cure it at 80℃~120℃ for 0.5~3 hours to ensure that the coating is completely cured.

[0079] Cooling: Cool naturally to room temperature to avoid coating cracking caused by rapid cooling.

[0080] Example 4

[0081] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that the calcination temperature in step (2) is replaced with 500°C, 600°C, and 1000°C, respectively, and the remaining steps are the same as those in embodiment 3.

[0082] Example 5

[0083] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that the mass of TiO2 nanofibers in step (3) is replaced with 50 mg, 75 mg, 100 mg, and 150 mg respectively, and the remaining steps are the same as those in embodiment 3.

[0084] Example 6

[0085] This embodiment is to test the photodegradation performance of the protective cover for drop-out fuses prepared in Examples 3 to 5, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0086] The nanofibers prepared under different conditions were electrostatically sprayed onto different protective covers. Then, the methyl orange solution of the same concentration was evenly applied to the surface of the protective cover. The cover was then placed outdoors in direct sunlight. Every 10 minutes, the decomposition of the methyl orange was checked. The results are as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it can be seen that the photocatalytic effect is best when the calcination temperature is 800℃ and the mass of TiO2 nanofibers is 100mg.

[0087] Example 7

[0088] This embodiment is to test the super-hydrophobic performance of the protective cover for the drop-out fuse prepared in Example 3, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0089] Coffee, methylene blue, nano-gold, nano-silver, hydrochloric acid solution (pH value = 1) and sodium hydroxide solution (pH value = 14) were dropped onto the protective cover respectively. The contact angles of different solutions dropped onto the protective cover are shown in Figure 2. Figure 3 As shown, it can be seen that the contact angles are all higher than 140° (highly hydrophobic surface), indicating that it has good high liquid-repellent function, anti-fouling, strong acid and strong alkali anti-corrosion effects, etc.

[0090] Comparative Example 1

[0091] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that the TiO2 nanofibers in step (3) are replaced by nano CeO2, and the remaining steps are the same as those in Example 3. The super hydrophobic performance of the treated product is tested using the method of Example 7. The results are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, it can be seen that the overall hydrophobicity effect is inferior to that of the product treated with TiO2 nanofibers.

[0092] The present invention provides an efficient and reliable protection solution for drop-out fuses working outdoors by combining the weather resistance and insulation properties of polyvinyl chloride materials with the super hydrophobicity and self-cleaning function of TiO2 nanocomposites. Due to the special properties of its surface, the highly hydrophobic protective cover can make water droplets form a nearly perfect sphere, and it is easy to roll off the surface, taking away dust and other dirt, so that it has the ability to self-clean. The highly hydrophobic surface is not easily wetted by pollutants in the aqueous solution, so it can effectively resist the attachment of various pollutants and keep the surface clean. The protective cover with high photocatalytic performance can catalytically degrade organic pollutants attached to the surface under light (especially ultraviolet light) conditions, and convert them into harmless substances such as carbon dioxide and water.

[0093] The protective cover with high photocatalytic performance provided by the present invention contains titanium dioxide, which can not only degrade organic pollutants, but also has the function of absorbing ultraviolet rays, thereby providing additional ultraviolet protection. The active oxygen species generated by titanium dioxide, a material with high photocatalytic performance, during the photocatalytic process can destroy the cell structure of bacteria, thereby having an antibacterial effect. The highly hydrophobic protective cover can still maintain its hydrophobic properties even after long-term ultraviolet irradiation or multiple water washings, which means that they have good durability in practical applications. Protective covers with high photocatalytic performance can reduce the use of chemical detergents because they can self-clean through photocatalysis, which is more environmentally friendly. The protective cover that combines high photocatalytic performance with high hydrophobicity can not only provide physical protection, but also play a role in environmental purification, self-cleaning, antibacterial and other aspects, realizing the diversification of the protective cover functions.

[0094] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A protective cover for a drop-out fuse with a self-cleaning function, characterized in that: The protective cover for the drop-out fuse is composed of a polyvinyl chloride protective cover substrate and a self-cleaning nano composite coating; The protective cover base comprises a main cavity (1), a fixing female buckle (2), a fixing sub-buckle (3), and a folding area (4), wherein the folding area (4) is used to fold the protective cover base structure formed by one-step injection molding to clamp the lower end of the drop-out fuse to form an insulating protective structure; The nano composite coating is a nano composite film formed by mixing and compounding TiO2 nano fibers and polyvinylidene fluoride.

2. A method for preparing a protective cover for a drop-out fuse with a self-cleaning function, characterized in that: include, The base structure of the protective cover is manufactured by injection molding process, and the surface of the base is frosted; preparing a TiO2 nanofiber precursor solution; TiO2 nanofibers were obtained by electrospinning and calcining. TiO2 nanofibers and polyvinylidene fluoride powder are fully and evenly stirred in the solvent N,N-dimethylacetamide, and then a coating of uniform thickness is evenly sprayed on the surface of the protective cover by electrostatic spraying. After curing, a protective cover for drop-out fuses with a self-cleaning function is obtained.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base structure of the protective cover is manufactured by an injection molding process, wherein the material of the base structure is high-performance polyvinyl chloride particles.

4. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The TiO2 nanofiber precursor solution is prepared, wherein the precursor solution includes tetrabutyl titanate TBT, a mixed solution of ethanol and acetic acid, and polyvinyl pyrrolidone PVP.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mixed solution of ethanol and acetic acid, wherein the volume ratio of ethanol to acetic acid is 4:

1.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mass ratio of TBT to PVP is 5±1:

1.

7. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The TiO2 nanofibers are prepared by adopting electrostatic spinning technology and calcining, wherein the calcining temperature is 600-1000°C.

8. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass of the TiO2 nanofibers is 5% to 30% of the total mass of the TiO2 nanofibers and the polyvinylidene fluoride powder.

9. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The curing treatment condition is curing at 80-120° C. for 0.5-3 hours.

10. Use of the protective cover for drop-out fuses prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 2 to 9 in anti-fouling and anti-corrosion.

Images