Film mulching control system of degradable film rice film mulching transplanter and use method of film mulching control system

Abstract

The invention relates to a film mulching control system of a degradable film rice mulching transplanter and a using method, the film mulching control system comprises a rack, a film discharging device, a film pressing device and a film breaking device, the film discharging device comprises a film placing device and a film placing motor; the film pressing device comprises a supporting plate and a plurality of film pressing rollers, the film breaking device comprises a sawtooth film pressing rod and a sawtooth lower rod which are arranged up and down, sawteeth are arranged on the sides, close to each other, of the sawtooth film pressing rod and the sawtooth lower rod, and the sawtooth lower rod is fixedly connected to the rear portion of the film supporting plate. The film breaking device further comprises a film pressing connecting line for driving the sawtooth film pressing rod to swing up and down, and the film breaking device has the advantages that the working efficiency is improved, the labor intensity is reduced, the safety and the film covering quality are improved, the cost is saved, and the environmental sustainability is improved; the popularization and application of the technology play a positive role in agricultural synergy, farmer income increase, people living quality improvement, agricultural environment quality improvement, organic rice industry technical progress promotion and agricultural international competitiveness enhancement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a film covering control system of a degradable film rice film covering transplanter and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous progress and development of modern science and technology and the continuous promotion of the government, my country's agriculture is changing towards mechanization, efficiency and greenness. In the field of rice cultivation, weeds and pests in rice fields have always been the main research direction of rice growth and yield increase. my country's rice film covering and transplanting technology is also developing continuously. Traditional film covering materials are mostly plastic films, which will produce a lot of waste after use, causing serious pollution to the environment, and also increasing the labor cost and economic burden of farmers.

[0003] In order to solve this problem and make it green and pollution-free and protect the natural environment, biodegradable film covering technology has emerged in recent years. Using biodegradable film to cover the soil surface can increase soil temperature, promote rice growth, increase dry matter accumulation and nitrogen accumulation, reduce water evaporation and fertilizer loss, improve water and fertilizer utilization, save irrigation water and reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, thereby increasing rice yield and quality. Film covering technology can significantly reduce methane emissions from rice fields, inhibit weed growth, reduce the types and density of weed communities, and reduce the use of pesticides, thereby reducing pollution to the environment.

[0004] As consumers pursue healthier food, the market demand for high-quality agricultural products such as organic rice continues to grow. Film covering technology helps produce agricultural products that better meet market demand. The combination of film covering technology and mechanized transplanting technology realizes the integrated operation of film covering and transplanting, improves operation efficiency and reduces labor intensity. In order to solve the problem of environmental pollution caused by the residue of traditional mulch film, biodegradable mulch film has begun to be developed and applied. This kind of mulch film can be naturally degraded after a certain period of time, reducing the impact on the environment. It can not only improve the yield and quality of rice, but also bring ecological and economic benefits. At the same time, it has been supported by policies and promoted by market demand. With the continuous advancement and promotion of technology, rice mulching technology is expected to play a greater role in future agricultural production. However, there are still some problems with the existing degradable film covering technology, such as the low efficiency of rice mulching transplanters and the lack of intelligent mulching equipment. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a film covering control system for a rice film covering transplanter with a degradable film and a use method thereof.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical scheme, which provides a film covering control system for a biodegradable film rice film covering transplanter, including a frame, a film discharging device, a film pressing device and a film cutting device, wherein the film discharging device includes a film placing device and a film placing motor; the film pressing device includes a film supporting plate connected to the frame and a roller mounting frame vertically slidably connected to the frame, a plurality of film pressing rollers affixed to the film supporting plate are axially connected to the roller mounting frame, the film pressing device also includes two edge pressing wheels and a plurality of film pressing rollers located between the two edge pressing wheels, an avoidance opening adapted to the edge pressing wheel and the film pressing roller is opened on the film supporting plate, and the film pressing device also includes a hydraulic connecting line for pulling the roller mounting frame upward.

[0007] In this solution, the film-setting motor drives the film-setting device, and the film-discharging speed is adjusted according to the control device to adjust the motor speed, and the film is pressed onto the film support plate by the film pressing roller, so that the film is flat and smoothly unfolded; the control device controls the hydraulic connecting line to apply tension to change the up and down positions of the film pressing roller, so that the film can be smoothly unfolded and discharged. Finally, when the film is discharged, the film pressing roller is used to make the film better fit the mud surface, and the edge of the degradable film is pressed into the soil by the edge pressing wheel.

[0008] As an optimization, the film cutting device includes a sawtooth film pressing rod and a sawtooth lower rod arranged up and down, and the sawtooth film pressing rod and the sawtooth lower rod are provided with saw teeth on the side close to each other, and the sawtooth lower rod is fixedly connected to the rear of the film support plate, and the film cutting device also includes a film cutting driving mechanism that drives the sawtooth film pressing rod to swing up and down. The film cutting driving mechanism in this scheme drives the sawtooth film pressing rod to swing up and down, and when the sawtooth film pressing rod swings forward and engages with the sawtooth lower rod, the film is broken by applying a force to the film through the forward movement of the film covering transplanter, thereby achieving film cutting.

[0009] As an optimization, both ends of the serrated film pressing rod are fixedly connected with a film pressing rod mounting rod hinged to the frame, and the film breaking driving mechanism includes a film pressing rod tension spring driving the rear end of the film pressing rod mounting rod to swing upward and a film pressing connecting line driving the rear end of the film pressing rod mounting rod to swing downward. The film pressing rod mounting rod in this solution realizes the up and down swinging guide of the serrated film pressing rod, pulls the serrated film pressing rod downward through the film pressing connecting line, and resets through the film pressing rod tension spring.

[0010] As an optimization, the left and right ends of the roller mounting frame are provided with upwardly pulling connecting springs. The connecting springs in this solution are used to share the weight of the roller mounting frame and the film pressing roller.

[0011] As an optimization, a guide shaft is fixedly connected to the middle of the roller mounting frame, the guide shaft is vertically slidably connected to the middle of the frame, and the hydraulic connection line is connected to the guide shaft. The guide shaft in this solution realizes the vertical guidance of the roller mounting frame.

[0012] As an optimization, a compression spring for driving the guide shaft to move upward is installed on the guide shaft. The compression spring in this solution is used to share the weight of the roller mounting frame and the film pressing roller.

[0013] As an optimization, at least two rows of laminating rollers are arranged in front and behind, and at least two are arranged in each row, so that the film can be pressed tightly by multiple laminating rollers, and processing and installation are convenient.

[0014] As an optimization, the edge pressing wheel shaft is connected to the edge pressing wheel mounting frame, the film pressing roller shaft is connected to the roller mounting frame, the edge pressing wheel mounting frame and the roller mounting frame are both fixedly connected to the film pressing roller shaft, and the film pressing roller shaft is connected to the frame. The edge pressing wheel mounting frame and the roller mounting frame in this solution respectively realize the installation of the edge pressing wheel and the film pressing roller.

[0015] As an optimization, a detection and identification device is also included, which includes an industrial camera and an infrared ranging sensor. The industrial camera is located at the front end of both sides of the frame, and the infrared ranging sensor is located at the front end of the frame. The industrial camera and infrared ranging sensor in this solution monitor the environmental data of the rice film transplanter in real time and collect transmission information.

[0016] A method for using a film coating control system comprises the following steps: a. When the rice film covering and transplanting machine is covering the film, the control device measures the travel speed of the film covering machine and adjusts the speed of the film placing motor to control the film discharging speed in real time, ensuring that the film can be flattened during rice transplanting. The film pressing roller presses the film onto the film supporting plate to make the film flat and smoothly unfolded. The control device controls the hydraulic connecting line to apply tension to change the upper and lower positions of the film pressing roller so that the film can be smoothly unfolded. Finally, when discharging the film, the film pressing roller makes the film better fit the mud surface, and the edge of the degradable film is pressed into the mud by the edge pressing wheel. b. The industrial camera and infrared distance sensor at the front end of the rice film covering transplanter identify and detect the distance, and transmit the data to the control device through the data line for data processing. After the data is processed and analyzed, the control function is realized; c. When the film needs to be cut, the control device sends out a command to control the film pressing connecting line to apply a pulling force to make the sawtooth film pressing rod swing forward and bite the sawtooth lower rod. The film is broken by the forward movement of the film covering transplanter; d. When laminating stops, the laminating control system is lifted by the machine, and the film is lifted by the film support plate and kept flat. When laminating again, the laminating control system descends, and the film pressing roller and edge pressing wheel press the film tightly on the ground, and the film continues to be discharged at a uniform speed.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: a film covering control system and a use method of a degradable film rice film covering transplanter of the present invention, through a motor controlling a film discharging device, a hydraulic device controlling a film pressing system and a film cutting device, a sensor, a controller and other devices, realizes intelligent film discharging, film pressing and film cutting of the rice field degradable film, thereby achieving the covering effect and film covering efficiency of the soft film degradable film, reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and waste of resources in agricultural production, and promoting the development of agricultural production towards intelligence and greenness.

[0018] The invention can not only effectively solve the environmental pollution and human resource waste problems existing in traditional rice planting, but also improve the efficiency and quality of agricultural production, reduce the labor intensity of farmers, and promote agricultural modernization and sustainable development. Therefore, the application prospect of this technology in rice field planting is broad, and it is of great significance to promote the transformation of the rice industry into mechanization and efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a front view of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a rear view of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a side view of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the film pressing roller installation structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the film pressing roller installation structure of the present invention; As shown in the figure: 1. Film placing device, 2. Film placing motor, 3. Film placing cover, 4. Film pressing connecting line, 5. Film pressing rod tension spring, 6. Control device, 7. Pressing shaft spring, 8. Hydraulic connecting line, 9. Sawtooth film pressing rod, 10. Sawtooth lower rod, 11. Pressing edge wheel, 12. Film pressing roller, 13. Connecting tension spring, 14. Film pressing roller, 15. Guide shaft, 16. Roller mounting frame, 17. Film supporting plate, 18. Sawtooth film pressing rod connecting shaft, 19. Roller mounting frame, 20. Film pressing roller shaft, 21. Film pressing rod mounting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, this solution is described below through a specific implementation method.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a film covering control system of a degradable film rice film covering transplanter of the present invention comprises a frame, a film discharging device, a film pressing device and a film cutting device. The frame is installed on the rice film covering transplanter and can be driven to rise and fall by the rice film covering transplanter, so as to leave the ground when not covering the film.

[0022] The film discharging device includes a film placing device 1 and a film placing motor 2; the film roll is installed on the central rotating shaft of the film placing device 1, and the two ends of the film placing device 1 are blocked by film placing covers 3, and the film discharging is realized by rotating driven by the film placing motor 2. The film placing motor 2 is a speed regulating motor, which can adjust the film discharging speed. The control device measures and calculates the driving speed of the laminating machine to control the film discharging speed in real time by changing the rotation speed of the film placing motor 2, so as to achieve the purpose of matching the laminating machine and the vehicle speed to effectively protect the film.

[0023] The film pressing device includes a film support plate 17 connected to the frame and a roller mounting frame 16 vertically slidably connected to the frame. The film support plate 17 is horizontally arranged and is attached to the ground during lamination. The film output by the film discharging device is attached to the film support plate 17.

[0024] A guide shaft 15 is fixedly connected to the middle of the roller mounting frame 16 , and the guide shaft 15 is vertically slidably connected to the middle of the frame, thereby realizing the vertical sliding connection of the entire roller mounting frame 16 .

[0025] The roller mounting frame 16 is axially connected with a plurality of film pressing rollers 14 attached to the film supporting plate 17, and the axis of the film pressing rollers 14 extends left and right. The film pressing rollers 14 are arranged in at least two rows front and back, and at least two are arranged in each row. In this embodiment, two rows front and back are arranged, and three coaxial film pressing rollers 14 are arranged in each row, so that the film is compressed by six film pressing rollers 14.

[0026] The left and right ends of the roller mounting frame 16 are provided with connecting tension springs 13 that pull upward. The lower end of the connecting tension spring 13 is connected to the end of the roller mounting frame 16, and the upper end is connected to the frame. The guide shaft 15 is provided with a compression spring 7 that drives the guide shaft 15 to move upward. A boss is fixed to the upper end of the guide shaft 15, and the upper end of the compression spring 7 presses against the lower end surface of the boss, and the lower end presses against the frame, thereby driving the guide shaft 15 to move upward, and the gravity of the film pressing device is shared by the connecting tension spring 13 and the compression spring 7, so that the initial state is just close to the film support plate 17.

[0027] The film pressing device also includes a hydraulic connecting line 8 that pulls the roller mounting frame 16 upward. The hydraulic connecting line 8 is connected to the guide shaft 15, and the hydraulic connecting line 8 can be tightened by a driving device such as a hydraulic cylinder, so that the upper and lower positions of the film pressing device can be easily changed by applying tension through the hydraulic connecting line. The degradable film is smoothly unfolded. When the film covering transplanter is working, the film support plate 17 is immersed in muddy water, and the height of the mud surface is detected by an infrared detection device. The film pressing device is raised and lowered by a control device so that the film is just in close contact with the cement surface to prevent the film from being damaged due to excessive pressure. When the film comes out from the muddy water surface, a complete set of edge pressing wheels 11 and film pressing rollers 12 ensure that the film is in close contact with the cement surface.

[0028] The film pressing device also includes two edge pressing wheels 11 and a plurality of film pressing rollers 12 located between the two edge pressing wheels 11, wherein the edge pressing wheel 11 is axially connected to the edge pressing wheel mounting frame 22, and the film pressing roller 12 is axially connected to the roller mounting frame 19, and the edge pressing wheel mounting frame 22 and the roller mounting frame 19 are both fixedly connected to the film pressing roller shaft 20, and the film pressing roller shaft 20 is connected to the frame. The film pressing roller shaft 20 can be rotatably connected to the frame, can be fixedly connected, or can be driven by a motor to rotate the film pressing roller shaft 20, so as to adjust the upper and lower positions of the edge pressing wheel 11 and the film pressing roller 12.

[0029] The pressing wheel 11 is located at the edge of the film, and 6 film pressing rollers 12 are arranged on the left and right. The thickness of the pressing wheel 11 is smaller than the thickness of the film pressing roller 12, and the diameter of the pressing wheel 11 is larger than the diameter of the film pressing roller 12. The film support plate 17 is provided with an avoidance opening adapted to the pressing wheel 11 and the film pressing roller 12, so as to achieve contact with the soil.

[0030] The film cutting device comprises a sawtooth film pressing rod 9 and a sawtooth lower rod 10 arranged up and down, and the sawtooth film pressing rod 9 and the sawtooth lower rod 10 are provided with saw teeth on the side close to each other, and the sawtooth lower rod 10 is fixedly connected to the rear of the film supporting plate 17. Both ends of the serrated film pressing rod 9 are fixedly connected with film pressing rod mounting rods 21 hinged to the frame. The film pressing rod mounting rod 21 extends forward and backward and the rear end is fixedly connected to the end of the serrated film pressing rod 9. The film pressing rod mounting rod 21 is hinged to the frame through the serrated film pressing rod connecting shaft 18, so that its front and rear ends swing in opposite directions.

[0031] The film cutting device also includes a film cutting driving mechanism for driving the sawtooth film pressing rod 9 to swing up and down. The film cutting driving mechanism includes a film pressing rod tension spring 5 for driving the rear end of the film pressing rod mounting rod 21 to swing upward, and a film pressing connecting wire 4 for driving the rear end of the film pressing rod mounting rod 21 to swing downward. The film pressing connecting wire 4 pulls the front end of the film pressing rod mounting rod 21 upward, so that the sawtooth film pressing rod 9 at the rear end of the film pressing rod mounting rod 21 swings downward.

[0032] After the sawtooth film pressing rod 9 engages with the sawtooth lower rod 10 downward, the pulling force exerted by the mud surface on the film breaks the film when the machine moves forward, and the film breaking is performed below the mud surface, eliminating the step of pressing the film below the mud surface at the end. After the film is broken, the entire film coating control system rises, and the film is attached to the film support plate 17. The above operation is repeated when the film is coated again, eliminating the need for manual operation to continue the film.

[0033] It also includes a detection and identification device, which includes an industrial camera and an infrared distance sensor. The industrial camera is located at the front end of both sides of the frame, and the infrared distance sensor is located at the front end of the frame. The infrared distance sensor faces the forward direction of the rice film covering transplanter. The industrial camera and the infrared distance sensor monitor the environmental data of the rice film covering transplanter in real time and collect transmission information.

[0034] It also includes a control device 6, which is installed in the middle of the frame. The control device 6 consists of a display screen, a battery, a control box, and an information interface. The control box is located on the frame. The information interface is on the left side of the control box, which can exchange data with the outside world and transmit information. The battery is located above the control box, one on the left and one on the right, which can power the control box. The display screen is connected to the top of the control box through a metal rod and is located between the batteries to achieve human-computer interaction. The industrial camera and the infrared ranging sensor are connected to the information interface on the left side of the control box through an information transmission line to transmit detection and identification information.

[0035] A method for using a film coating control system comprises the following steps: a. When the rice film covering and transplanting machine is covering the rice, the control device measures the travel speed of the film covering machine and adjusts the speed of the film placing motor to control the film discharging speed in real time, so as to ensure that the film can be flattened when transplanting rice, and the film pressing roller presses the film onto the film supporting plate to make the film flat and smoothly unfolded; the control device controls the hydraulic connecting line 8 to apply tension to change the upper and lower positions of the film pressing roller, so that the film can be smoothly unfolded and discharged, and finally, the film pressing roller 12 is used to make the film better fit the mud surface when discharging the film, and the edge of the degradable film is pressed into the mud by the edge pressing wheel 11; b. The industrial camera and infrared distance sensor at the front end of the rice film covering transplanter identify and detect the distance, and transmit the data to the control device through the data line for data processing. After the data is processed and analyzed, the control function is realized; c. When the film needs to be cut, the control device sends out a command to control the film pressing connecting line to apply a pulling force to make the sawtooth film pressing rod swing forward and bite the sawtooth lower rod. The film is broken by the forward movement of the film covering transplanter; d. When laminating stops, the laminating control system is lifted by the machine, and the film is lifted by the film support plate and kept flat. When laminating again, the laminating control system descends, and the film pressing roller and edge pressing wheel press the film tightly on the ground, and the film continues to be discharged at a uniform speed.

[0036] Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples. Technical features not described in the present invention can be achieved by or by using existing technologies, which will not be described here. The above embodiments and drawings are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limitations of the present invention. The present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred implementation methods. Ordinary technicians in this field should understand that changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by ordinary technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention do not depart from the purpose of the present invention, and should also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biodegradable film rice film covering control system for a rice transplanter, characterized in that: It comprises a frame, a film discharging device, a film pressing device and a film cutting device, wherein the film discharging device comprises a film placing device (1) and a film placing motor (2); The film pressing device comprises a film support plate (17) connected to a frame and a roller mounting frame (16) vertically slidably connected to the frame, a plurality of film pressing rollers (14) attached to the film support plate (17) are axially connected to the roller mounting frame (16), the film pressing device also comprises two edge pressing wheels (11) and a plurality of film pressing rollers (12) located between the two edge pressing wheels (11), the film support plate (17) is provided with an escape opening adapted to the edge pressing wheels (11) and the film pressing rollers (12), and the film pressing device also comprises a hydraulic connection line (8) for pulling the roller mounting frame (16) upwards.

2. The film covering control system of a rice film covering transplanter with a degradable film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The film cutting device comprises a sawtooth film pressing rod (9) and a sawtooth lower rod (10) arranged vertically, wherein the sawtooth film pressing rod (9) and the sawtooth lower rod (10) are provided with saw teeth on the sides close to each other, and the sawtooth lower rod (10) is fixedly connected to the rear of the film support plate (17). The film cutting device also comprises a film cutting drive mechanism for driving the sawtooth film pressing rod (9) to swing up and down.

3. The film covering control system of a degradable film rice film covering transplanter according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both ends of the sawtooth film pressing rod (9) are fixedly connected to a film pressing rod mounting rod (21) hinged to the frame, and the film breaking drive mechanism comprises a film pressing rod tension spring (5) for driving the rear end of the film pressing rod mounting rod (21) to swing upward, and a film pressing connection line (4) for driving the rear end of the film pressing rod mounting rod (21) to swing downward.

4. The film covering control system of a rice film covering transplanter with a degradable film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left and right ends of the roller mounting frame (16) are provided with connecting tension springs (13) that are pulled upward.

5. The film covering control system of a rice film covering transplanter with a degradable film according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide shaft (15) is fixedly connected to the middle of the roller mounting frame (16); the guide shaft (15) is vertically slidably connected to the middle of the frame; and a hydraulic connection line (8) is connected to the guide shaft (15).

6. The film covering control system of the degradable film rice film covering transplanter according to claim 5, characterized in that: The guide shaft (15) is provided with a compression spring (7) for driving the guide shaft (15) to move upward.

7. The film covering control system of the degradable film rice film covering transplanter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The film pressing rollers (14) are arranged in at least two rows at the front and rear, and at least two are arranged in each row.

8. The film covering control system of a rice film covering transplanter with a degradable film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge pressing wheel (11) is axially connected to the edge pressing wheel mounting frame (22), and the film pressing roller (12) is axially connected to the roller mounting frame (19). The edge pressing wheel mounting frame (22) and the roller mounting frame (19) are both fixedly connected to the film pressing roller shaft (20), and the film pressing roller shaft (20) is connected to the frame.

9. The film covering control system of a rice film covering transplanter with a degradable film according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a detection and identification device, which includes an industrial camera and an infrared ranging sensor. The industrial camera is located at the front ends of both sides of the rack, and the infrared ranging sensor is located at the front end of the rack.

10. A method for using the film coating control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The steps include: a. When the rice film covering and transplanting machine is covering the rice seedlings, the control device measures the travel speed of the film covering machine and adjusts the rotation speed of the film placing motor to control the film discharging speed in real time, so as to ensure that the film can be flattened when transplanting rice seedlings. The film pressing roller presses the film onto the film supporting plate so that the film is flat and smoothly unfolded. The control device controls the hydraulic connection line (8) to apply tension to change the upper and lower positions of the film pressing roller so that the film is smoothly unfolded and discharged. Finally, when discharging the film, the film pressing roller (12) is used to make the film better adhere to the mud surface, and the edge of the degradable film is pressed into the mud by the edge pressing wheel (11); b. The industrial camera and infrared distance sensor at the front end of the rice film covering transplanter identify and detect the distance, and transmit the data to the control device through the data line for data processing. After the data is processed and analyzed, the control function is realized; c. When the film needs to be cut, the control device sends out a command to control the film pressing connecting line to apply a pulling force to make the sawtooth film pressing rod swing forward and bite the sawtooth lower rod. The film is broken by the forward movement of the film covering transplanter; d. When laminating stops, the laminating control system is lifted by the machine, and the film is lifted by the film support plate and kept flat. When laminating again, the laminating control system is lowered, and the film pressing roller and the edge pressing wheel (11) press the film tightly against the ground, and the film continues to be discharged at a uniform speed.

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