End face groove turning tool with replaceable tool bit and machining method of end face groove turning tool

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aeronautical manufacturing, and discloses an end face groove turning tool with a replaceable tool bit and a machining method thereof, the end face groove turning tool adopts a sectional structural design, and the tool comprises the replaceable tool bit, a transition section and a tool handle. The tool bit is of a replaceable structure, the transition section and the tool handle are welded to form a tool body, and the tool bit and the tool body are both in a linear cutting forming machining mode. During use, the tool bit is inserted into the arc-shaped through groove and is tightly pressed by the turning tool rest baffle, so that the tool bit can be firmly mounted, and the tool bit can be continuously used only by replacing the tool bit and repeating the mounting process when the tool bit is abraded in the machining process. The machining manufacturability is fully considered during structural design, the fracture risk of the tool bit in the manufacturing and using process is effectively reduced, and the beneficial effects that the machining difficulty is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, and the service life of the tool is prolonged are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing in aviation manufacturing, and specifically relates to a replaceable cutter head end face groove turning tool and a processing method thereof. The turning tool is particularly suitable for processing deeper annular end face grooves. Background Art

[0002] The traditional tool for machining annular end face grooves is an integral structure. The following problems exist during the manufacturing and use of the tool: 1. In order to ensure the toughness of the tool, high-speed steel is generally used. The tool head is narrow and there is stress concentration at the root of the tool head after heat treatment, which cannot be completely eliminated. During the grinding stage, it is very easy to break the tool during the process of removing the excess. The grinding is difficult and the yield rate is low. 2. When the straight-in method is used for cutting, the tool vibrates greatly. The integral tool structure can easily cause the root of the tool head to break, damage the bottom of the ring groove of the part, and cause product quality problems. 3. Once the tool wears or breaks during the processing and use process, it needs to be remanufactured, which has high processing costs and long manufacturing cycles, affecting the processing cycle.

[0003] Therefore, the present application designs a replaceable cutter head end face groove turning tool for machining small diameter circular ring end face grooves. Through the replaceable cutter head design, the original integral structure is transformed into an assembled structure, which effectively reduces the risk of cutter head breakage during manufacturing and use. At the same time, the processing technology is simplified through wire cutting, welding and other processing methods, which has the characteristics of improving the yield rate and processing efficiency, and extending the tool life. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention application proposes a replaceable cutter head end face groove turning tool and a processing method thereof, the tool can not only meet the requirements of rotating body end face ring groove processing, but also meet the requirements of economy, high processing efficiency, long tool life and the like.

[0005] In order to achieve the above invention objectives, the technical solutions adopted in this application are as follows:

[0006] A replaceable cutter head type end face groove turning tool adopts a segmented structure design, which includes:

[0007] Handle;

[0008] A transition section fixedly connected to the knife handle, which is provided with an arc-shaped through groove;

[0009] A replaceable cutter head is inserted into the arc-shaped through groove.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the replaceable cutter head is an arc-shaped structure with a wide top and a narrow bottom. The cutting edge of the replaceable cutter head consists of a main cutting edge and two secondary cutting edges. The front end edge is the main cutting edge, and the two side edges are secondary cutting edges.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the transition section has an arc-shaped through groove with the upper right corner as the positioning starting point to ensure that the arc-shaped through groove and the replaceable tool head are matched with each other, and the manufacturing tolerance is generally 0.02mm to 0.04mm.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the main cutting edge is composed of a 10-15° front angle surface and a 8-12° back angle surface. In order to reduce friction, a 16-20° second back angle surface is designed at a position of 4 mm from the back cutting edge.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the secondary cutting edge is composed of a front cutting edge and arcs on both sides of the cutter head, and an unequal diameter arc design is adopted. The arc shape on both sides of the cutter head is designed by offsetting the center of the circle. The inner arc shape is formed by offsetting the center of the circle downward, and the outer arc shape is formed by offsetting the center of the circle upward. The offset process automatically generates side clearance angles on both sides of the cutter head.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: the inner arc and the outer arc should ensure that they do not protrude beyond the width of the main cutting edge. If they protrude, the centripetal angles on both sides need to be ground to avoid the risk of tool clamping.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: the replaceable cutter head and the arc-shaped through groove of the transition section are processed by wire cutting, and the transition section and the handle are connected by welding.

[0016] A method for machining an end face groove turning tool with a replaceable cutter head, comprising the following steps:

[0017] During the processing, the arc-shaped through groove processing of the replaceable cutter head and the transition section is first completed by wire cutting;

[0018] Weld the transition section to the tool handle, mill out the four sides of the tool body, and ensure that the intersection lines of the outer tip of the replaceable tool head and the top and outer side surfaces of the tool body are on the same straight line after installation;

[0019] Finally, heat treatment, flat grinding, edge grinding and other finishing processes are completed.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are:

[0021] 1. The present application designs a traditional integral face groove turning tool into a replaceable cutter head face groove turning tool, which effectively prolongs the service life of the tool.

[0022] 2. The present application designs the traditional integral face groove turning tool into a replaceable cutter head type face groove turning tool, which effectively prolongs the service life of the tool.

[0023] 3. The present application adopts an assembly method to complete the connection between the cutter head and the transition section, which effectively avoids stress concentration after heat treatment at the root of the cutter head, and reduces the risk of cutter head breakage during use and the manufacturing cost.

[0024] The present application is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0026] In the attached picture:

[0027] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the tool structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the replaceable cutter head structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a right view of the tool structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the transition section structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a workpiece processed according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the segmented manufacturing of the tool of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1-replaceable cutter head; 2-transition section; 3-shank; 4-weld; 5-main cutting edge; 6-secondary cutting edge; 7-front angle surface; 8-back angle surface; 9-second back angle surface; 10-arcs on both sides of the cutter head; 11-positioning starting point; 12-outer cutting edge; 13-intersection line of the top surface and outer side surface of the cutter body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] First, as Figure 1-4 As shown, the present invention provides a replaceable cutter head type end face groove turning tool, which adopts a segmented structural design, wherein the first section is a replaceable cutter head 1, the second section is a transition section 2 for connecting the cutter head and the tool handle, and the third section is a tool handle 3 for positioning with the lathe tool holder. The transition section and the tool handle are welded to form a tool body, and when in use, the cutter head is inserted into the arc-shaped through groove, and is firmly installed by pressing with the tool holder baffle. When the cutter head is worn during the processing, only the cutter head needs to be replaced, and the above installation process can be repeated to continue to use.

[0036] Furthermore, the replaceable cutter head 1 is an arc-shaped structure with a wide top and a narrow bottom. The cutting edge of the cutter head consists of a main cutting edge 5 and two secondary cutting edges 6. The front end edge is the main cutting edge, and the two side edges are secondary cutting edges.

[0037] Furthermore, the main cutting edge 5 is composed of a front angle surface 7 of 10-15° and a back angle surface 8 of 8-12°. To reduce friction, a second back angle surface 9 of 16-20° is designed at a position of 4 mm from the back cutting edge.

[0038] Furthermore, the secondary cutting edge 6 of the cutter head is composed of a front angle surface 7 and arcs 10 on both sides of the cutter head, and adopts an unequal diameter arc design. The arcs on both sides of the cutter head are designed by offsetting the center of the circle. The inner arc is formed by offsetting the center of the circle downward, and the outer arc is formed by offsetting the center of the circle upward. The offset process automatically generates the side back angles on both sides of the cutter head. The inner and outer arcs of the cutter head should ensure that they do not protrude beyond the width of the main cutting edge. If they protrude, the centripetal angles on both sides need to be ground to avoid the risk of tool clamping.

[0039] Furthermore, the transition section 2 is provided with an arcuate through groove with the upper right corner of the cutter body as the positioning starting point 11, so as to ensure the clearance fit between the arcuate through groove and the replaceable cutter head, and the manufacturing tolerance is generally 0.02mm to 0.04mm.

[0040] Furthermore, after the replaceable cutter head 1 is installed, the intersection line 13 of the outer cutting edge 12 and the top and outer side surfaces of the cutter body is located on the same straight line, which is convenient for processing and positioning.

[0041] Furthermore, the replaceable cutter head 1 and the arc-shaped through groove of the transition section 2 are processed by wire cutting, the transition section 2 and the cutter body 3 are connected by welding, and 4 is a weld.

[0042] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for processing a replaceable-head end face groove turning tool, which comprises the following processing steps:

[0043] S1. During the processing, the arc-shaped through groove processing of the cutter head and the transition section is first completed by wire cutting;

[0044] S2, welding the transition section to the tool handle, milling out the four sides of the tool body, and ensuring that the intersection line 13 of the outer tip 12 of the replaceable tool head 1 and the top and outer side surfaces of the tool body are located on the same straight line after installation;

[0045] S3. Finally, complete the heat treatment and finishing processes such as flat grinding and edge grinding.

[0046] The specific processing steps are as follows:

[0047] Prepare 3 sections of high-speed steel bar stock for rough turning, corresponding to the replaceable cutter head 1, transition section 2, and tool holder 3 respectively.

[0048] The replaceable cutter head uses wire cutting to complete the shape processing; the transition section uses wire cutting to only process the arc-shaped through groove, retaining the cylindrical shape;

[0049] The transition section and the tool handle are flash butt welded to form a tool body;

[0050] Mill the cutter body into a square structure (the slot is the starting point, and the grinding allowance on one side is 0.5mm);

[0051] The cutter body and the cutter head 1 are subjected to quenching and tempering, sand blasting and surface treatment;

[0052] Grind the four sides of the cutter body flat to ensure that the outer cutting edge 12 of the replaceable cutter head 1 is installed and the intersection line 13 with the top surface and the outer side surface of the cutter body is on the same straight line;

[0053] The grinding process includes finishing the front angle surface, the back angle surface, the second back angle surface and the centripetal angles on both sides of the cutting head 1.

[0054] So far, the purpose of the present invention has been achieved.

[0055] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A replaceable blade type face groove turning tool, characterized in that: The segmented structure design includes: Handle; A transition section fixedly connected to the knife handle, which is provided with an arc-shaped through groove; A replaceable cutter head is inserted into the arc-shaped through groove.

2. The replaceable-head end face groove turning tool and the processing method thereof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The replaceable cutter head is an arc-shaped structure with a wide top and a narrow bottom. The cutting edge of the replaceable cutter head consists of a main cutting edge and two secondary cutting edges. The front end edge is the main cutting edge, and the edges on both sides are secondary cutting edges.

3. The replaceable-head end face groove turning tool and the processing method thereof according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transition section has an arc-shaped through groove with the upper right corner as the positioning starting point to ensure that the arc-shaped through groove and the replaceable cutter head are matched with each other, and the manufacturing tolerance is generally 0.02mm to 0.04mm.

4. The replaceable-head end face groove turning tool and the processing method thereof according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main cutting edge is composed of a 10-15° front angle surface and an 8-12° back angle surface. In order to reduce friction, a 16-20° second back angle surface is designed at a position of 4mm from the back cutting edge.

5. The replaceable-head end face groove turning tool and the processing method thereof according to claim 4, characterized in that: The secondary cutting edge is composed of the front cutting edge and the arcs on both sides of the cutter head. It adopts an unequal diameter arc design. The arc shape on both sides of the cutter head is designed by offsetting the center of the circle. The inner arc shape is formed by offsetting the center of the circle downward, and the outer arc shape is formed by offsetting the center of the circle upward. The offset process automatically generates the side clearance angles on both sides of the cutter head.

6. The replaceable-head end face groove turning tool and the processing method thereof according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner arc and the outer arc should ensure that they do not protrude beyond the width of the main cutting edge. If they protrude, the centripetal angles on both sides need to be ground to avoid the risk of tool clamping.

7. The replaceable-head end face groove turning tool and the processing method thereof according to claim 6, characterized in that: The replaceable cutter head and the arc-shaped through groove of the transition section are processed by wire cutting, and the transition section and the handle are connected by welding.

8. A method for machining end face grooves with a replaceable tool head, characterized in that: The steps include: During the processing, the arc-shaped through groove processing of the replaceable cutter head and the transition section is first completed by wire cutting; Weld the transition section to the tool handle, mill out the four sides of the tool body, and ensure that the intersection lines of the outer tip of the replaceable tool head and the top and outer side surfaces of the tool body are on the same straight line after installation; Finally, heat treatment, flat grinding, edge grinding and other finishing processes are completed.

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