Lower water inlet type bioretention facility
By designing the lower water inlet biological retention facilities, using structures such as intercepting wells, sludge wells, water overflow wells and water main pipes, the problem of deep-burned rainwater pipelines that are difficult to flow into biological retention facilities by themselves, achieving effective decontamination of rainwater and improving the water environment.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411712909.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-28
AI Technical Summary
In the construction of sponge cities, projects such as industrial plants, large commercial buildings and old communities cannot set up shallow water collection facilities due to small green area and many underground pipeline networks. Deeply buried drainage pipes are difficult to flow into biological retention facilities, resulting in the facilities being ineffective, and initial rainwater pollutants directly enter the reservoir, resulting in "black and odorous water bodies" or increasing the cost of rainwater reuse treatment.
A lower water inlet biological retention facility is designed, including intercepting wells, sludge wells, water overflow wells, water main pipes and biological retention facilities. The biological retention facility consists of aquifer, a cover layer, a planting layer, aquatic layer, an artificial soil layer and a drainage layer, and permeable geotextiles are arranged between the water layer and the artificial soil layer. Through the water distribution main pipe and the water distribution branch pipe, the self-flow access of rainwater is achieved, combined with natural purification and filtration, and the concentration of pollutants is reduced.
This facility allows rainwater collected from deep-burned stormwater pipelines to flow into biological retention facilities by itself, improve pollutant removal rate, reduce pollution entering urban water bodies, reduce rainwater reuse treatment costs, and maintain or restore the city's "sponge" function.
Smart Images
Figure CN119531469A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of water environment treatment and relates to a bottom water inlet type biological retention facility. Background Art
[0002] The construction of sponge cities is an important measure to implement the idea of ecological civilization. Sponge cities refer to cities that can adapt to environmental changes and deal with natural disasters caused by rainwater like a sponge. Through urban planning, construction, and management, rainwater control and utilization on different underlying surfaces such as buildings and communities, urban roads, green spaces and squares, and urban water systems can be achieved, achieving multiple goals of restoring water ecology, improving water environment, ensuring water safety, and conserving water resources.
[0003] After 8 or 9 years of practice, sponge city construction has played an important role in alleviating urban waterlogging and solving water-related problems such as urban water environment, water ecology, water resources, and water safety. However, some sponge city construction problems have also been exposed, such as industrial plants, large commercial buildings, and renovation of old residential areas. The green area is small, there are many underground pipe networks, the space for sponge facilities is limited, and the sponge concept is difficult to implement. There are two prominent problems:
[0004] The first type of problem is that the roof is large, and pressure rainwater pipes may be used indoors. It is safe to connect them to the inspection well outside the house. This will inevitably lead to the buried depth of the pipes behind the inspection well, or there are site restrictions such as driving requirements in the pipe laying area. Shallow drainage ditches cannot be set up, and only deeper drainage pipes can be set up. For ordinary biological retention facilities with a sinking depth of 0.5m, such a vertical relationship cannot be connected from the upper gravity flow, which has caused a large number of biological retention facilities in implementation to become functionless decorations; the second type of problem is that since the vertical relationship makes it impossible to connect to the biological retention facilities, then it will directly enter the reservoir, and the reservoir will control most of the rainwater runoff, but the initial rainwater with a high pollutant concentration will all enter the reservoir, which will cause the reservoir to easily become a "black and smelly water body" or greatly increase the subsequent rainwater reuse and treatment costs; this also loses the sponge city's own functions of natural accumulation, natural infiltration, and natural purification.
[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new technology that can achieve a benign urban hydrological cycle under such unfavorable conditions, improve the infiltration, storage, purification, utilization and discharge capabilities, and maintain or restore the city’s “sponge” function. Summary of the invention
[0006] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a bottom water inlet type biological retention facility to solve the problem that the runoff rainwater in the service area of the facility cannot be collected by shallow water collection facilities and can only be collected by deeper drainage pipes, making it difficult to introduce gravity into the biological retention facility.
[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
[0008] A bottom water inlet type bioretention facility, comprising an interception well, a sludge well, a water distribution main pipe, a water distribution overflow well and a bioretention facility, wherein the bioretention facility comprises an aquifer, a covering layer, a planting soil layer, a water distribution layer, an artificial soil layer and a drainage layer arranged from top to bottom, and a permeable geotextile is arranged between the water distribution layer and the artificial soil layer;
[0009] The intercepting well, sludge well and water distribution overflow well are connected in sequence, and the sludge well and water distribution overflow well are connected through a water distribution main pipe. The water distribution main pipe is parallel to the biological retention facility. A plurality of water distribution branches are vertically and horizontally connected to the water distribution main pipe, and the water distribution branches are inserted into the water distribution layer.
[0010] Furthermore, the biological retention facility is also provided with a retention facility overflow well, the aquifer is provided with an upper water inlet and an overflow outlet, and the upper water inlet pipe and the retention facility overflow well are respectively connected; an outlet pipe is provided at the bottom of the retention facility overflow well for drainage.
[0011] Furthermore, there is a ventilation horizontal pipe in the artificial soil layer, and the ventilation horizontal pipe is connected to a ventilation vertical pipe with a top end passing through the aquifer for ventilation;
[0012] A lower bend pipe is arranged at the top of the ventilation vertical pipe, a mesh cover is arranged at the mouth of the lower bend pipe, and the elevation of the mouth is higher than the overflow water surface of the aquifer.
[0013] Furthermore, the intercepting well is respectively connected to a lower water inlet pipe, an intercepting well outlet pipe and an intercepting pipe, and an overflow weir is provided therein; the intercepting pipe and the lower water inlet pipe are arranged on one side of the overflow weir and are connected to the sludge well through the intercepting pipe; the intercepting well outlet pipe is arranged on the other side of the overflow weir, and the inner bottom elevation of the intercepting pipe is lower than the inner bottom elevation of the lower water inlet pipe and the intercepting well outlet pipe.
[0014] Furthermore, the water distribution main pipe is an outlet for water from a sludge well, and the bottom elevation of the sludge well is lower than the bottom elevation of the water distribution main pipe by no less than 0.4m.
[0015] Furthermore, the water inlet of the water distribution overflow well is the end of the water distribution main pipe, and is connected to an overflow pipe as the water outlet, and the bottom elevation of the overflow pipe is higher than the top elevation of the water distribution main pipe.
[0016] Furthermore, the thickness of the planting soil layer is not less than 300 mm, and its composition is 40% to 60% of medium-coarse sand, 7% to 15% of organic nutrient soil, and 25% to 53% of garden soil or topsoil.
[0017] Furthermore, the water distribution layer is made of crushed stone or gravel, the particle size of which is not less than the opening diameter of the water distribution branch pipe, and the thickness is 250 to 350 mm.
[0018] Furthermore, the thickness of the artificial soil layer is 350-1000 mm, and its components include quartz sand, limestone, ore, activated carbon and nutrient soil.
[0019] Furthermore, a perforated water collecting pipe is arranged in the drainage layer, and the drainage layer is made of crushed stone or gravel, the particle size of which is not less than the opening diameter of the perforated water collecting pipe, and the thickness is 250-350mm.
[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0021] 1. The bottom water inlet bioretention facility allows more rainwater collected by deeper rainwater pipes to flow into the bioretention facility by gravity, so that many sites where rainwater runoff was originally uncontrollable can be controlled, thereby improving the site pollutant removal rate, reducing the pollution load entering the urban water body, and is conducive to improving the water environment.
[0022] 2. The bottom water inlet type biological retention facility can be used in series with the bottom water storage tank. The rainwater first enters the biological retention facility to remove most of the pollutants, and then enters the water storage tank through the outlet pipe, meeting the requirements of rainwater control volume, allowing the two facilities to play their respective strengths. At the same time, due to the natural purification and filtration of the biological retention facility, the subsequent rainwater reuse treatment cost of the water storage tank is greatly reduced, saving medicine and energy consumption, and contributing to the utilization of water resources.
[0023] 3. Allowing rainwater runoff in sites with unfavorable vertical relationships to be controlled will help implement the sponge city concept in projects such as industrial plants, large commercial buildings, and renovation of old communities, help promote sponge city construction, and contribute to the high-quality development of ecological civilization construction.
[0024] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description to some extent, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the following examination and study, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic plan view of a bottom water inlet type biological retention facility in the embodiment;
[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1AA section view;
[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 1 BB cross-sectional view;
[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 1 CC cross-sectional view.
[0030] Reference numerals: biological retention facility 1, water distribution overflow well 2, water distribution main pipe 21, overflow pipe 22, sludge well 3, stainless steel screen 31, sewage interception basket 32, interception well 4, interception pipe 41, lower water inlet pipe 42, interception well outlet pipe 43, flow channel 44, overflow weir 45;
[0031] Biological retention facility 1: aquifer 11, upper water inlet 111, overflow drain 112, covering layer 12, planting soil layer 13, water distribution layer 14, water distribution branch pipe 141, artificial soil layer 15, ventilation vertical pipe 151, ventilation horizontal pipe 152, drainage layer 16, perforated water collecting pipe 161, anti-seepage layer 17, observation pipe 18, retention facility overflow well 19, upper water inlet pipe 120, water inlet pebble buffer layer 121, outlet pipe 122. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments only illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner, and the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.
[0033] Among them, the drawings are only used for illustrative explanations, and they only represent schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. In order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of actual products. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.
[0034] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship, they are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the position relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0035] See also Figure 1 to Figure 4 , which is a bottom water inlet type biological retention facility, including an interception well 4, a sludge well 3, a water distribution overflow well 2 and a biological retention facility 1;
[0036] The intercepting well 4 is respectively connected to three pipes, namely a lower water inlet pipe 42, an intercepting well outlet pipe 43 and an intercepting pipe 41, and is provided therein with a flow trough 44 and an overflow weir 45 for separating the flow trough 44. The intercepting pipe 41 and the lower water inlet pipe 42 are arranged on one side of the overflow weir 45, and the intercepting well outlet pipe 43 is arranged on the other side of the overflow weir 45. The bottom elevation of the intercepting pipe 41 is lower than the bottom elevation of the lower water inlet pipe 42 and the intercepting well outlet pipe 43. Through interception, the rainfall within the control rate of the designed annual runoff volume in the service area of the facility enters the biological retention facility 1, and the rainfall exceeding the control rate goes over the overflow weir 45 and is discharged through the intercepting well outlet pipe 43.
[0037] The sludge well 3 is connected to the interception well 4 through the interception pipe 41, and is connected to the water distribution overflow well 2 through the water distribution main pipe 21. A stainless steel grid 31 is provided at the connection with the water distribution main pipe 21. The water distribution overflow well 2 is also connected to the overflow pipe 22.
[0038] The biological retention facility 1 is arranged from top to bottom in sequence as an aquifer 11, a covering layer 12, a planting soil layer 13, a water distribution layer 14, an artificial soil layer 15, a drainage layer 16 and an impermeable layer 17, and a retention facility overflow well 19 is provided in the biological retention facility 1, wherein the aquifer 11 is provided with an upper water inlet 111 and an overflow drain 112, the upper water inlet 111 is used to connect to an upper water inlet pipe 120, the overflow drain 112 is used to connect to the retention facility overflow well 19, the water distribution layer 14 is provided with a water distribution branch pipe 141 for connecting to a water distribution main pipe 21, and the artificial soil layer 15 is provided with a ventilation pipe.
[0039] Furthermore, a water inlet pebble buffer layer 121 is provided at the upper water inlet 111 to buffer rainwater from the upper water inlet pipe 120 .
[0040] Specifically, in the silt pit 3, the intercepting pipe 41 is the inlet of the silt pit, the water distribution main pipe 21 is the outlet of the silt pit, and the bottom elevation of the well is lower than the bottom elevation of the water distribution main pipe 21 by no less than 0.4m;
[0041] The water distribution main pipe 21 is parallel to the biological retention facility 1, and the end of the water distribution main pipe is connected to the water distribution overflow well 2. The vertical and horizontal branches on the water distribution main pipe 21 are evenly connected to a plurality of water distribution branch pipes 141, and the water distribution branch pipes 141 are inserted into the water distribution layer 14 of the biological retention facility;
[0042] In the water distribution overflow well 2 , the water inlet is the end of the water distribution main pipe 21 , and the water outlet is the overflow pipe 22 . The bottom elevation of the overflow pipe 22 is higher than the top of the water distribution main pipe 21 .
[0043] Furthermore, the water storage layer 11 has a depth of 100 mm to 300 mm, and an extra height of not less than 100 mm.
[0044] Furthermore, the thickness of the planting soil layer 13 is not less than 300 mm, and its composition is as follows: medium-coarse sand accounts for 40% to 60%, organic nutrient soil accounts for 7% to 15%, and garden soil or topsoil accounts for 25% to 53%.
[0045] Furthermore, the water distribution layer 14 is made of crushed stone or gravel with a particle size not less than the opening diameter of the water distribution branch pipe and a thickness of 250 to 350 mm. Non-woven permeable geotextiles are respectively arranged between the planting soil layer 13 and the upper layer of the water distribution layer, and between the lower layer of the water distribution layer and the artificial soil layer. Water distribution branch pipes are arranged in the water distribution layer 14. The water distribution branch pipes are made of perforated PVC pipes with an opening rate of 1% to 3%. The water distribution branch pipes are wrapped with non-woven permeable geotextiles.
[0046] Furthermore, the thickness of the artificial soil layer 15 is 350 to 1000 mm, and it is mainly composed of quartz sand (accounting for not less than 80%, which can be replaced by medium-coarse sand) and added with limestone, a small amount of ore, activated carbon, nutrient soil, etc., and a layer of annular ventilation transverse pipe 152 is arranged therein. The ventilation transverse pipe 152 adopts a perforated PVC pipe with an opening rate of 2% to 3%, and is wrapped with a non-woven permeable geotextile. The ventilation transverse pipe 152 is connected to the ventilation vertical pipe 151. The top of the ventilation vertical pipe 151 passes through the aquifer 11, and a lower bend pipe is arranged. A mesh cover is arranged at the mouth, and the mouth elevation is higher than the overflow water surface of the aquifer 11.
[0047] Furthermore, the drainage layer 16 is made of crushed stone or gravel, the particle size is not less than the opening diameter of the perforated water collecting pipe, the thickness is 250-350mm, and a perforated water collecting pipe 161 connected to the overflow well of the detention facility is set. The perforated water collecting pipe 161 is a perforated PVC pipe with an opening rate of 1%-3%. The installation elevation should be higher than the bottom of the drainage layer by not less than 100mm, and it is wrapped with a non-woven permeable geotextile. And the bottom of the overflow well 19 of the detention facility is provided with a water outlet pipe 122 for drainage.
[0048] Preferably, the drainage layer 16 is also provided with an observation tube 18 with its top end penetrating the aquifer 11 . The upper opening of the observation tube 18 is provided with a pipe plug, and the bottom is connected to the perforated water collecting pipe 161 .
[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A bottom water inlet type bioretention facility, characterized in that: It includes an interception well, a sludge well, a water distribution main pipe, a water distribution overflow well and a biological retention facility. The biological retention facility includes an aquifer, a covering layer, a planting soil layer, a water distribution layer, an artificial soil layer and a drainage layer arranged from top to bottom, and a permeable geotextile is arranged between the water distribution layer and the artificial soil layer; The intercepting well, sludge well and water distribution overflow well are connected in sequence, and the sludge well and water distribution overflow well are connected through a water distribution main pipe. The water distribution main pipe is parallel to the biological retention facility. A plurality of water distribution branches are vertically and horizontally connected to the water distribution main pipe, and the water distribution branches are inserted into the water distribution layer.
2. The bottom water inlet type bioretention facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biological retention facility is also provided with a retention facility overflow well, the aquifer is provided with an upper water inlet and an overflow outlet, and are respectively connected to the upper water inlet pipe and the retention facility overflow well; an outlet pipe is provided at the bottom of the retention facility overflow well for drainage.
3. The bottom water inlet type bioretention facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is also a ventilation horizontal pipe in the artificial soil layer, and the ventilation horizontal pipe is connected to a ventilation vertical pipe with a top end passing through the aquifer for ventilation; A lower bend pipe is arranged at the top of the ventilation vertical pipe, a mesh cover is arranged at the mouth of the lower bend pipe, and the elevation of the mouth is higher than the overflow water surface of the aquifer.
4. The bottom water inlet type bioretention facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intercepting well is respectively connected with a lower water inlet pipe, an intercepting well outlet pipe and an intercepting pipe, and an overflow weir is arranged therein. The intercepting pipe and the lower water inlet pipe are arranged on one side of the overflow weir and are connected to the sludge well through the intercepting pipe. The intercepting well outlet pipe is arranged on the other side of the overflow weir, and the inner bottom elevation of the intercepting pipe is lower than the inner bottom elevation of the lower water inlet pipe and the intercepting well outlet pipe.
5. The bottom water inlet type bioretention facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water distribution main pipe is used to discharge water from a sludge well, and the bottom elevation of the sludge well is at least 0.4m lower than the bottom elevation of the water distribution main pipe.
6. The bottom water inlet type bioretention facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet of the water distribution overflow well is the end of the water distribution main pipe, and is connected to an overflow pipe as the water outlet, and the bottom elevation of the overflow pipe is higher than the top elevation of the water distribution main pipe.
7. The bottom water inlet type bioretention facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the planting soil layer is not less than 300 mm, and its composition is 40% to 60% of medium-coarse sand, 7% to 15% of organic nutrient soil, and 25% to 53% of garden soil or topsoil.
8. The bottom water inlet type bioretention facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water distribution layer is made of crushed stone or gravel, the particle size of which is not less than the opening diameter of the water distribution branch pipe, and the thickness is 250-350mm.
9. The bottom water inlet type bioretention facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the artificial soil layer is 350-1000 mm, and its components include quartz sand, limestone, ore, activated carbon and nutrient soil.
10. The bottom water inlet type bioretention facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: A perforated water collecting pipe is arranged in the drainage layer. The drainage layer is made of crushed stone or gravel, and the particle size is not less than the opening aperture of the perforated water collecting pipe, and the thickness is 250-350mm.