Self-adaptive intelligent photovoltaic window system

Abstract

The self-adaptive intelligent photovoltaic window system provided by the invention is composed of an intelligent photovoltaic assembly and two layers of packaging glass, wherein the two layers of packaging glass completely seal the assembly. Photovoltaic cells are embedded in the intelligent photovoltaic assembly and located between the two layers of packaging glass, guide rails are arranged at the two ends of each photovoltaic cell, and gaps are reserved between the cells. A photovoltaic cell storage box is arranged on one side of the assembly and comprises a controller, the controller is connected with the two driving motors through data lines, and the motors are located beside the guide rails. And the controller is responsible for controlling the operation of the driving motor and further controlling the movement of the guide rail so as to adjust the position of the photovoltaic battery connected with the guide rail, so that the interval between the batteries is changed to automatically adapt to the indoor required sunlight intensity. A control motor is further arranged in the storage box and connected with the controller through a data line. The control motor is used for driving the manipulator to act, and the manipulator is connected with the two sides of the photovoltaic cell through the manipulator interface so as to move the cell along the guide rail in the storage box.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This patent relates to a smart home, in particular to an adaptive smart photovoltaic window system. Background Art

[0002] With the development of society, family, as the core of life, is becoming the focus of people's attention. Improving the quality of life has become one of the important goals pursued by people. Smart home, with the help of modern technology, has significantly improved the quality and efficiency of life and has become the focus of social attention. In the field of smart home, windows, as a bridge for indoor and outdoor communication, have attracted more and more attention in recent years, and the development of smart window technology has become a hot spot in international research. Especially those electrochromic glass windows that can change color, they can adjust the color of light entering the room as needed, block part of the light, thereby adjusting the indoor brightness and avoiding dizziness caused by excessive light. Such windows have been used in some homes and offices. However, these windows consume electricity and fail to effectively utilize excess light, which is not in line with the concept of energy saving and environmental protection. Therefore, people began to explore smart window solutions that are both energy-saving and environmentally friendly, and can adjust the intensity of indoor light. Photovoltaic power generation technology, which uses solar energy to generate electricity, meets the requirements of energy saving and environmental protection. Therefore, the smart photovoltaic window system built using photovoltaic power generation technology has attracted much attention recently. Guan Wenjing and others from Zhejiang Jinko Energy Co., Ltd. disclosed a patent (CN109750946A), demonstrating a window that uses photovoltaic cells to generate electricity; Zhang Guoqi from Femtosecond Optoelectronics Technology (Xi'an) Co., Ltd. disclosed a solar photovoltaic window assembly with a tracking system (CN103821446A), which uses a mechanical tracking system to enable photovoltaic cells to follow sunlight and improve photovoltaic power generation efficiency; Shi Mingjun and others from Hongtai Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. disclosed a solar photovoltaic window with an adjustment device, which ensures that sunlight is always perpendicular to the solar photovoltaic panel through the adjustment device, thereby improving conversion efficiency. Although these devices can use the window position for photovoltaic power generation and are equipped with auxiliary devices to improve photovoltaic power generation efficiency, they mainly focus on the function of photovoltaic power generation and do not fully enhance the function of the window itself. A key function of windows is to transmit light and provide a suitable light intensity for the room, and the light intensity required for different time periods is different. Therefore, the window needs to be able to adjust the light intensity entering the room, which is one of its main functions. At present, the above-mentioned technology still needs to be improved in this regard. If it is to completely replace the existing windows, it is necessary to strengthen its function of adjusting the incident light intensity, so it has not yet been widely used. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the present invention provides an adaptive intelligent photovoltaic window system, characterized in that the window is composed of an intelligent photovoltaic module (1) and two layers of encapsulation glass (2), the latter completely sealing the module (1). The intelligent photovoltaic module (1) is embedded with photovoltaic cells (3), which are located between the two layers of encapsulation glass (2), and guide rails (4) are provided at both ends of the photovoltaic cells (3), and there is a gap (5) between the cells. A photovoltaic cell storage box (8) is provided on one side of the module (1), which contains a controller (6), and the controller (6) is connected to two drive motors (7) through a data line (9), and the motors are located next to the guide rail (4). The controller (6) is responsible for controlling the operation of the drive motor (7), and then controlling the movement of the guide rail (4) to adjust the position of the photovoltaic cell (3) connected to the guide rail, thereby changing the size of the gap (5) between the cells to automatically adapt to the required sunlight intensity indoors. The storage box (8) is also provided with a control motor (10), which is connected to the controller (6) through a data line (9). The control motor (10) is used to drive the movement of the manipulator (11), and the manipulator (11) is connected to both sides of the photovoltaic cell (3) through the manipulator interface (12) so as to move the cell (3) along the guide rail (13) in the storage box (8). Both ends of the cell (3) are connected to the guide rail (13) through the card slot (14). The beneficial effects of this include: The intelligent photovoltaic window system involved in the present invention has an adaptive function. By changing the spacing of photovoltaic cells in the photovoltaic module, the light transmittance of the window can be adjusted to control the indoor light level. This adjustment mechanism integrates mechatronics technology and uses artificial intelligence to achieve the ability to automatically adjust the light transmittance of the photovoltaic window in real time according to actual needs, so that it can automatically adapt to changes in indoor light intensity. In contrast, the existing intelligent photovoltaic window system mainly changes the color of the window glass by adjusting the voltage, thereby adjusting the light transmittance. However, the adjustment ability of this method is limited, and the light transmittance cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the demand for indoor light intensity. At the same time, it does not generate electricity, but consumes electricity, does not meet environmental protection standards, and cannot meet the requirements of modern buildings for energy conservation and environmental protection. Another method is to use a semi-transparent photovoltaic film, such as cadmium telluride, polycrystalline silicon, etc., which has the advantage of being able to generate photovoltaic power and meet the energy conservation and environmental protection standards of modern buildings, but once the film material is made, the light transmittance is fixed, the light transmittance cannot be adjusted in time according to actual needs, and its light transmittance cannot be adjusted according to demand. Traditional windows, whether blinds or curtains, can also achieve a certain degree of light intensity adjustment, but they require manual operation and have a limited adjustment range. The photovoltaic windows constructed by the present invention can achieve arbitrary adjustment of the incident light intensity according to the requirements of indoor light intensity. By equipping with appropriate sensors and algorithms and using a controller, photovoltaic windows can automatically adapt to changes in indoor light intensity and show excellent adaptive performance. In addition, the controller used can be implanted with an AI program to accumulate data such as light intensity, ambient weather and temperature that users usually use. Through AI deep learning, the user's usage habits can be understood, the default settings of the controller can be optimized, and the convenience of users using the system can be improved. It can also be connected with the control data of similar photovoltaic windows and usage requirements in the surrounding area through the Internet of Things, learn from each other and optimize, so that the selection of control parameters is more reasonable, the adaptive ability of the system is improved, and a more comfortable light intensity is provided for the use space.

[0004] The intelligent photovoltaic window system involved in the present invention has excellent light transmittance uniformity and high light transmittance quality. Light transmittance is achieved by spacing the photovoltaic cells in the photovoltaic module. These spacings are arranged in an equidistant manner, and can also be arranged in a differentiated nonlinear manner according to needs. For example, under specific needs, the spacing in the middle of the window can be increased, while the spacing on both sides can be reduced, so as to enhance the light transmittance of the middle part of the window to meet the visual needs when looking far away; at the same time, the arrangement of the cells can also form a specific pattern to achieve an artistic visual effect. In contrast, traditional curtain windows or blinds are completely opaque when blocking and cannot achieve these functions; and electrochromic windows and photovoltaic film windows are also difficult to meet the needs of nonlinear distribution of window light transmittance intensity.

[0005] The intelligent photovoltaic window system involved in the present invention has no special requirements on the material of the photovoltaic cells used. It can use translucent photovoltaic thin-film cells or most commercial photovoltaic cells including monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon. When silicon-based photovoltaic cells are used to form the photovoltaic module of the present invention, not only the environmental advantages and mature technology of silicon-based cells are brought into play, but also cost-effectiveness is brought about, thereby expanding the application range of silicon-based cells.

[0006] The present invention relates to an intelligent photovoltaic window system, which can intelligently adjust the light transmission intensity. The process receives user instructions through a controller, and supports multiple input methods such as panel input, voice input or remote mobile phone operation. The algorithm program in the controller calculates the required parameters and generates control commands to drive the motor to move, thereby adjusting the spacing of photovoltaic cells and realizing precise control of the light transmission intensity of the window. This timely intelligent adjustment method ensures that the window has an ideal light transmission intensity, so that the interior of the building can obtain the required light distribution, significantly improves the comfort of the indoor environment, and is suitable for building livable buildings.

[0007] The present invention relates to an intelligent photovoltaic window system, wherein the photovoltaic module used in the system includes a photovoltaic cell. In order to achieve more accurate light transmission intensity adjustment, a photovoltaic cell with a smaller width is generally used, and the size is in the centimeter level. Compared with the traditional large-sized and expensive photovoltaic cells, the small-sized photovoltaic cells can be manufactured using a smaller-sized single-crystal silicon material. This approach not only helps to reduce the production cost of photovoltaic cells, but also has a relatively low probability of color difference in small-sized cells, so it is more ideal in visual effect. In addition, since the photovoltaic cells in the photovoltaic window often need to be moved, the sensitivity of the entire photovoltaic window to the color difference of the photovoltaic module is not as strong as that of the solid-block photovoltaic window. Therefore, the anti-color difference requirements for the components are not as strict as those for large-sized fixed photovoltaic windows. In order to meet the environmental requirements for the color cleanliness of the photovoltaic window, it is only necessary to perform a simple treatment on the surface glass, such as processing into a concave condenser array and the like to increase the utilization efficiency of sunlight, and slow down the color difference by increasing the optical path and light reflection, so that the environmental requirements for the color cleanliness of the photovoltaic window can be basically met, and silicon-based photovoltaic cells can be used, which has positive significance for the development of photovoltaic windows.

[0008] The photovoltaic windows covered by the present invention have the remarkable characteristics of easy installation and fast construction. Specifically, photovoltaic cells are cleverly embedded between two layers of glass to form a photovoltaic module. This design not only ensures the modular characteristics of the module, but also makes the modular production process more efficient. The modular photovoltaic module greatly simplifies the installation process, allowing construction workers to complete the installation task easily and quickly. In addition, fasteners for fixing the components can be pre-designed between the supporting structure of the window and the photovoltaic module. The presence of these fasteners further enhances the convenience of installation and ensures that the photovoltaic module module can be installed in place at a faster speed and higher efficiency. In general, the photovoltaic windows of the present invention are not only innovative in design, but also demonstrate significant installation advantages in practical applications, greatly improving construction efficiency and convenience.

[0009] The present invention relates to an intelligent photovoltaic window system, which adopts a double-layer encapsulated glass structure to effectively protect the internal photovoltaic cells from damage and avoid direct exposure to adverse weather conditions, thereby extending the service life of the battery and ensuring the stable operation of the system. Compared with traditional single-layer glass windows, the double-layer glass structure not only improves the thermal insulation performance, but also brings a significant "warm in winter and cool in summer" effect, thereby improving the living comfort.

[0010] The photovoltaic windows of the present invention are also designed to be integrated with modern architectural aesthetics. By adopting advanced materials and manufacturing technologies, photovoltaic windows not only have high-efficiency power generation capabilities, but also can be perfectly integrated with the exterior design of the building, adding a sense of modernity and technology to the building. Its transparent or translucent characteristics enable the building to make full use of natural light during the day and reduce the energy consumption of indoor lighting. At the same time, photovoltaic windows can also be used as decorative lighting for buildings at night, showing a unique visual effect.

[0011] In terms of environmental protection, the photovoltaic windows of the present invention also perform well. Since they can effectively use solar energy to generate electricity, they help reduce dependence on traditional fossil energy and reduce carbon emissions. In addition, the use of photovoltaic windows can also reduce heat loss inside buildings, improve energy utilization efficiency, and further promote sustainable environmental development.

[0012] In terms of safety, the photovoltaic window of the present invention has also been carefully designed. The photovoltaic cells are embedded between the glass, which not only improves the stability of the structure, but also effectively prevents the cells from being directly exposed to the external environment, thereby extending the service life of the photovoltaic window. At the same time, this design can also prevent the cells from being damaged in extreme weather conditions, ensuring the stable operation of the photovoltaic window in various environments.

[0013] In summary, the intelligent adaptive photovoltaic window system of the present invention, while realizing photovoltaic power generation, enhances the light transmission performance of the window as the main light-transmitting component of the room, so that it has a better use effect. Its large-scale application will help to improve the living comfort of the room and meet the zero-emission goal of modern buildings. When this intelligent adaptive photovoltaic window system is used in conjunction with photovoltaic windows, the effect is better. The intelligent adaptive photovoltaic window system of the present invention is not only technologically innovative, but also demonstrates many advantages in practical applications. It can not only provide clean energy for modern buildings, but also improve the comfort of living and working, while meeting the requirements of environmental protection and sustainable development. With the continuous advancement of photovoltaic technology and the further reduction of costs, this intelligent photovoltaic window system is expected to be widely used in the future construction market. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Attached Figure 1 This is the structure diagram of the intelligent adaptive photovoltaic window system. In the figure, 1 is the intelligent photovoltaic component, 2 is the encapsulated glass, 3 is the photovoltaic cell, 4 is the guide rail, 5 is the interval between the photovoltaic cells, 6 is the controller, 7 is the drive motor, 8 is the battery storage box, and 9 is the signal line. Figure 2 This is the internal structure diagram of the battery storage box. Figure 1 Keeping the same, 3 is the photovoltaic cell, 6 is the controller, 8 is the battery storage box, 9 is the signal line, 10 is the control motor, 11 is the manipulator, 12 is the interface between the manipulator and the photovoltaic cell, 13 is the guide rail in the battery storage box, and 14 is the connecting slot between the battery and the guide rail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The specific embodiments of the present invention can be illustrated by the following examples. Example:

[0016] For a sliding window consisting of two windows, the size of each window is 1×1.6×0.4m 3 The horizontal and vertical frames are fasteners made of plastic steel, and the dimensions are 1×0.1×0.6m 3 This fastener has high mechanical strength, and the plastic surface can prevent static electricity from interfering with the photovoltaic module. The frame of the photovoltaic module used is alumina ceramic, which has good insulation properties and prevents static electricity accumulation. Its size is 0.8×1.4×0.4m 3, which contains a battery storage box, guide rails and photovoltaic cells. The guide rails are spiral rod structures. The guide rails are stainless steel spiral rods with a diameter of 2 mm. Each section is 10 mm long. They can be easily rotated by the drive motor to push the photovoltaic cells fastened thereon to move, ensuring the smooth movement and precise positioning of the photovoltaic components. There is a battery storage box on one side of the photovoltaic component, with a built-in bmm50 manipulator motor. The manipulator is a WLS-PHB-F200-T folding balancing arm. The internal guide rails of the storage box are stainless steel bars with a diameter of 1 mm to ensure the smooth movement and precise positioning of the battery components. The dimensions are 0.2×0.1.2×0.0.34m 3 of . The photovoltaic cells used are Hi-MO 6 high-efficiency silicon monocrystalline HPBC cells from Longi Green Energy, with a width of 10 mm. The upper and lower ends of the battery are equipped with concave slots made of aluminum alloy with a depth of 1 mm to facilitate the installation and fixation of the battery components. The control system uses Siemens S7-1500 programmable PLC controller to ensure the intelligent and automated control of the window system, and implants a chip with AI function to memorize user habits, optimize default settings, and provide a good user experience. Control motors 4 and 5 are both AC fixed-speed motors from Oriental Motor, and their gears are cycloidal pinwheel gears from Sig Transmission with a diameter of 10 mm to ensure the smoothness and accuracy of the motor operation. The inner and outer surface encapsulation glass of the photovoltaic module uses high-purity ultra-white quartz glass hollow glass from Jiaxing Fulait Company, with a light transmittance of more than 92%. This high-transmittance glass not only ensures the aesthetics of the window, but also ensures that the photovoltaic modules can fully absorb sunlight and improve power generation efficiency. The indoor surface of the encapsulated glass is a plane, while the light-facing surface is a grating surface. The triangular pyramid of the grating surface is a right-angled triangular pyramid with two acute angles of 30° and 60° respectively, a vertical cone depth of 1.5 mm, and a size of 0.8×1.4×0.4m 3 , to optimize the refraction and reflection of light and further improve power generation efficiency.

[0017] Considering the energy self-sufficiency requirements of the house, we specially designed an energy storage system, which uses a high-performance lithium-ion battery pack to store the excess electricity generated by the photovoltaic windows for use in the villa at night or on cloudy days when there is insufficient light. The energy storage system is seamlessly connected with the villa's power management system to achieve intelligent scheduling and ensure maximum energy utilization.

[0018] In order to enhance the intelligent interactivity of photovoltaic windows, Internet of Things (IoT) technology is integrated. Through built-in sensors and wireless communication modules, the windows can monitor environmental parameters such as light intensity, temperature, humidity, etc. in real time. At the same time, these data will also be uploaded to the user's smartphone or home energy management system, allowing users to remotely monitor the working status of photovoltaic windows and enjoy a more convenient and intelligent energy management experience.

[0019] In terms of safety performance, multiple protection measures are adopted. In addition to the conventional lightning protection design, intelligent overheat protection, short circuit protection and emergency power-off functions are also added to ensure that the photovoltaic windows can respond quickly in extreme weather or emergencies to protect the system from damage.

[0020] We have also taken maintenance convenience into consideration. The photovoltaic window is designed for easy daily cleaning and maintenance. Users can use simple operations, such as using a remote control or mobile phone APP, to control the manipulator motor to drive the folding balance arm to automatically clean dust and debris on the surface of the photovoltaic module to maintain efficient light absorption.

[0021] Finally, in order to enhance the overall aesthetics of the house, a lot of effort has also been put into the exterior design of the photovoltaic windows. The modern minimalist style, combined with sophisticated craftsmanship, makes the windows not only an efficient energy production device, but also a work of art that enhances the style of the home. Whether it is day or night, the smart photovoltaic window system can add a harmonious beauty of technology and nature to the house with its unique charm.

[0022] To sum up, this smart photovoltaic window system not only represents the latest achievements of current green energy technology, but also is an active exploration and practice of future smart home life, aiming to bring a more environmentally friendly, intelligent and comfortable living experience to every user who pursues a high-quality life.

[0023] The above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive intelligent photovoltaic window system, characterized in that The adaptive intelligent photovoltaic window system is formed by an intelligent photovoltaic module (1) and two layers of sealing glass (2) located on the inner and outer surfaces of the intelligent photovoltaic module (1). The photovoltaic cell (3) in the photovoltaic module (1) is located inside the two layers of sealing glass (2), two guide rails (4) are provided at both ends of the photovoltaic cell (3), a spacer (5) is provided between the photovoltaic cells (3), and a photovoltaic cell storage box (8) is provided on one side of the intelligent photovoltaic module (1).

2. An adaptive intelligent photovoltaic window system, characterized by The photovoltaic cell (3) in the photovoltaic assembly (1) is located inside two layers of encapsulation glass (2), two guide rails (4) are provided at both ends of the photovoltaic cell (3), a spacer (5) is provided between the photovoltaic cells (3), and a photovoltaic cell storage box (8) is provided on one side of the intelligent photovoltaic assembly (1).

3. An adaptive intelligent photovoltaic window system, characterized in that The photovoltaic cell storage box (8) located at the side has a controller (6) therein. The controller (6) is connected to two drive motors (7) located next to the guide rail (4) via a data line (9) and is used to control the drive motors (7). The drive motors (7) are used to drive the corresponding guide rail (4) to move, thereby driving the photovoltaic cells (3) connected to the guide rail to move, and adjusting the size of the intervals (5) between the photovoltaic cells (3) so that the intensity of sunlight passing through the window automatically adapts to the required indoor light intensity.

4. An adaptive intelligent photovoltaic window system, characterized in that The photovoltaic cell storage box (8) located at the side has a control motor (10) connected to the controller (6) via a data line (9). The control motor (10) is used to control the movement of a manipulator (11). The manipulator (11) is connected to manipulator interfaces (12) on both sides of the photovoltaic cell (3) located in the storage box (8) and is used to grasp the photovoltaic cell (3) and move along a guide rail (13) in the storage box (8). The two ends of the photovoltaic cell (3) and the guide rail (13) are connected by a card slot (14).

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