Rail transit underground station piston air duct structure and ventilation air-conditioning system thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a rail transit underground station piston air duct structure and a ventilation air conditioning system thereof, the rail transit underground station piston air duct structure comprises a first piston air duct, a second piston air duct and a structure middle plate, the first piston air duct is located above the second piston air duct, and the first piston air duct and the second piston air duct are separated through a sandwich plate; the structural middle plate is arranged at the bottom end of the second piston air duct, and the bottom end of the structural middle plate is flush with the bottom end of a bottom plate of the rail top air duct. The structural middle plate is locally sunk to be flush with the bottom end of the bottom plate of the rail top air duct, and the layer height of the station hall at the piston air duct is increased on the premise that the rail running area limit is not occupied; by means of the increased floor height, horizontal parallel arrangement of conventional double-piston air ducts is changed into vertical stacked arrangement of the first piston air duct and the second piston air duct, at the moment, although the width of the first piston air duct and the width of the second piston air duct are increased, the overall width of the piston air ducts is reduced, and therefore the length of a station body is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of rail transit station structure and ventilation and air conditioning, and in particular to a piston air duct structure of a rail transit underground station and a ventilation and air conditioning system thereof. Background Art

[0002] The length of the main structure of underground rail transit stations is generally controlled by the scale of the equipment area at the station hall level. The more compact and reasonable the layout of the equipment area is, the shorter the main length of the station will be, and the lower the station engineering cost will be. The piston air duct is large in scale and accounts for a large proportion of the total building area of ​​the station. Taking a conventional standard underground two-story 6B marshaling station as an example, the main length of the station is about 210m, the width of the double piston air duct at one end of the station is about 14 to 16m, and the total width of the piston air duct accounts for about 1 / 7 of the total length of the station, which has a relatively large impact on the overall scale of the station.

[0003] Conventional double-piston air ducts are arranged horizontally in parallel, and some corner spaces and local vertical spaces cannot be fully utilized. This is inevitable. Excellent designers can minimize space waste by optimizing the layout, but it cannot be completely eliminated.

[0004] In addition, in general underground stations, after the exhaust hot air from the track top duct on the platform level enters the exhaust duct, the track top duct is terminated below the exhaust duct, and there is no need to set up a track top duct on the platform level below the piston duct. The net height of the track top duct is generally 1.2m, and the plate thickness is 0.2m. The platform level below the piston duct has a floor height of about 1.4m that cannot be used, resulting in waste. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a piston air duct structure of a rail transit underground station and a ventilation and air-conditioning system thereof, which can solve the problem of space waste existing in double-piston air duct stations in the related art.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a piston air duct structure of a rail transit underground station, comprising: a first piston air duct, a second piston air duct and a structural mid-plate, wherein the first piston air duct is located above the second piston air duct, and the first piston air duct and the second piston air duct are separated by a sandwich plate; the structural mid-plate is arranged at the bottom end of the second piston air duct, and the bottom end of the structural mid-plate is used to be flush with the bottom end of the bottom plate of the rail top air duct.

[0007] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the sandwich panel is a stepped structure.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, a first internal silencer installation space, a first external silencer installation space and a first air duct are provided between the top end of the sandwich plate and the first piston air duct.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the height of the first built-in muffler installation space is greater than the height of the first external muffler installation space;

[0010] The height of the first external silencer installation space is greater than the height of the first air duct.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the bottom end of the first built-in muffler installation space is located below the bottom end of the first external muffler installation space;

[0012] The bottom end of the first external silencer installation space is located below the bottom end of the first air duct.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, a second internal muffler installation space, a second external muffler installation space and a second air duct are provided between the bottom end of the sandwich plate and the second piston air duct.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the height of the second internal muffler installation space is less than the height of the second external muffler installation space;

[0015] The height of the second air duct is smaller than the height of the second built-in silencer installation space.

[0016] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the top of the second internal muffler installation space is located below the top of the second external muffler installation space;

[0017] The top of the second air duct is located below the top of the second built-in silencer installation space.

[0018] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, the second built-in muffler installation space is located below the first external muffler installation space.

[0019] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a ventilation and air-conditioning system, characterized in that it includes: the piston air duct structure as described above; wherein a built-in silencer and an external silencer are both provided inside the first piston air duct and the second piston air duct.

[0020] The beneficial effects brought by the technical solution provided in the embodiments of the present application include:

[0021] An embodiment of the present application provides a piston air duct structure of a rail transit underground station and a ventilation and air-conditioning system thereof, in which the middle plate of the structure is moved downward to be flush with the bottom end of the bottom plate of the track top air duct, thereby increasing the floor height of the station hall at the piston air duct without encroaching on the limit of the track area; utilizing the increased floor height, the conventional horizontal parallel arrangement of double piston air ducts is changed to an arrangement in which the first piston air duct and the second piston air duct are stacked up and down, and at this time, although the widths of the first piston air duct and the second piston air duct are increased, since the first piston air duct and the second piston air duct are stacked up and down, the overall width at the piston air duct is reduced, thereby shortening the main length of the station. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 A conventional cross-sectional view of a double-piston air duct provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the first piston air duct and the second piston air duct provided in an embodiment of the present application (first viewing angle);

[0025] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the first piston air duct and the second piston air duct provided in an embodiment of the present application (second viewing angle);

[0026] Figure 4 A plan view of the first piston air duct provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 5 A plan view of the second piston air duct provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] In the figure: 1. first piston air duct; 10. first built-in silencer installation space; 11. first external silencer installation space; 12. first air duct; 13. first piston air valve; 14. first mechanical air valve; 2. second piston air duct; 20. second built-in silencer installation space; 21. second external silencer installation space; 22. second air duct; 23. second piston air valve; 24. second mechanical air valve; 3. rail top air duct; 4. structural middle plate; 5. optimized space; 6. built-in silencer; 7. external silencer; 8. sandwich plate; 9. original structural middle plate setting position. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0030] See also Figures 2 to 5 The embodiment of the present application provides a piston air duct structure and ventilation and air-conditioning system of a rail transit underground station, which can solve the space waste problem existing in the double-piston air duct station in the related technology.

[0031] The piston air duct is divided into three sections: air valve, fan and muffler, and air duct. Each part has different space requirements: the air flow in the air valve section is blocked when passing through the valve body. In order to ensure effective ventilation, the air valve is generally larger in size and requires more space; the fan and muffler section only needs to meet the space for the piston air to pass after meeting the space for equipment installation, and the space requirement is relatively small; the air duct section does not have any equipment and only needs to meet the net air flow area of ​​16㎡, which requires the least space. The width of the piston air is mainly controlled by a group of piston air valves and mechanical air valves set side by side. The piston air valve is generally 5×4m (width×height) in size, with a net air flow area of ​​about 16㎡. The mechanical air valve is generally 3×4m (width×height). After considering the equipment installation and maintenance space, the width of a piston air duct is about 9-10m. The piston air duct outside the air valve is generally 5m wide to meet the ventilation needs. There is a certain amount of space waste in the piston air duct. Since this space is in the air duct, it is often not connected to the equipment area and cannot be effectively used.

[0032] In response to the space waste in double-piston air duct stations, on the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a piston air duct structure of a rail transit underground station, which includes: a first piston air duct 1, a second piston air duct 2 and a structural middle plate 4, wherein the first piston air duct 1 is located above the second piston air duct 2, and the first piston air duct 1 and the second piston air duct 2 are separated by a sandwich plate 8; the structural middle plate 4 is arranged at the bottom end of the second piston air duct 2, and the bottom end of the structural middle plate 4 is used to be flush with the bottom end of the bottom plate of the rail top air duct 3.

[0033] In this application, the structural middle plate 4 is partially sunken to be flush with the bottom end of the bottom plate of the track top air duct 3. Under the premise of not encroaching on the limit of the track area, the station hall floor height at the piston air duct is increased; using the increased floor height, Figure 1 The conventional double piston air duct horizontal parallel arrangement shown in the figure is changed to Figure 2As shown, the first piston air duct 1 and the second piston air duct 2 are stacked up and down. At this time, although the widths of the first piston air duct 1 and the second piston air duct 2 are increased, since the first piston air duct 1 and the second piston air duct 2 are stacked up and down, the overall width of the piston air duct is reduced, thereby shortening the main length of the station.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, the original structural middle plate setting position 9 is set above the bottom end of the track top air duct 3, so that the space between the bottom end of the original structural middle plate setting position 9 and the bottom end of the track top air duct 3 is wasted. After the structural middle plate 4 is moved down from the original structural middle plate setting position 9 to be flush with the bottom end of the bottom plate of the track top air duct 3, the first piston air duct 1 and the second piston air duct 2 can be stacked up and down; using the space from the bottom end of the bottom plate of the platform level track top air duct 3 to the bottom of the structural middle plate 4, the structural middle plate 4 at the piston air duct is partially sunken, and the bottom of the structural middle plate 4 is flush with the bottom elevation of the track top air duct 3. Under the premise of not infringing on the limit of the track area, the station hall floor height at the piston air duct is increased. And when the original double piston air ducts were arranged horizontally and side by side, a larger width was required as a whole to meet the ventilation requirements of each piston air duct. After the first piston air duct 1 and the second piston air duct 2 are stacked up and down, the overall width of the piston air duct can be saved. At this time, the structural side wall at the piston air duct can be moved to the inside of the piston air duct to reduce the overall width of the piston air duct, such as Figure 4 As shown, after the structural side wall at the piston air duct is moved, an optimized space 5 is reserved, and the optimized space 5 is the saved space.

[0035] Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, see Figure 3 As shown, the sandwich plate 8 is a stepped structure.

[0036] Specifically, according to the difference in space requirements at different positions of the piston air duct, the sandwich plate 8 is arranged in a three-step shape to meet the requirements of different equipment heights.

[0037] Among them, there are a first internal silencer installation space 10, a first external silencer installation space 11 and a first air duct 12 between the top end of the sandwich plate 8 and the first piston air duct 1.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, the sandwich plate 8 is arranged in a three-step shape, so that the height of the first internal muffler installation space 10 is greater than the height of the first external muffler installation space 11; the height of the first external muffler installation space 11 is greater than the height of the first air duct 12. It should be noted that the height here refers to the distance between the top of the sandwich plate 8 and the top of the inner wall of the first piston air duct 1.

[0039] At this time, the bottom end of the first internal silencer installation space 10 is located below the bottom end of the first external silencer installation space 11 ; the bottom end of the first external silencer installation space 11 is located below the bottom end of the first air duct 12 .

[0040] The first internal silencer installation space 10 is used to install the internal silencer 6, the first piston air valve 13 and the first mechanical air valve 14; the first external silencer installation space 11 is used to install the external silencer 7. Figure 4 As shown, the first mechanical air valve 14 is arranged on one side of the built-in muffler 6 inside the first built-in muffler installation space 10, and the first piston air valve 13 is arranged at one end of the first mechanical air valve 14.

[0041] On the basis of the above embodiment, in this embodiment, a second internal muffler installation space 20 , a second external muffler installation space 21 and a second air duct 22 are provided between the bottom end of the sandwich plate 8 and the second piston air duct 2 .

[0042] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, since the sandwich plate 8 is arranged in a three-step shape, the height of the second built-in muffler installation space 20 is smaller than the height of the second external muffler installation space 21; the height of the second air duct 22 is smaller than the height of the second built-in muffler installation space 20. It should be noted that the height here refers to the distance between the top of the inner wall of the second piston air duct 2 and the bottom of the sandwich plate 8.

[0043] At this time, the top of the second built-in muffler installation space 20 is located below the top of the second external muffler installation space 21 ; the top of the second air duct 22 is located below the top of the second built-in muffler installation space 20 .

[0044] The second external silencer installation space 21 is used to install the external silencer 7, the second piston air valve 23 and the second mechanical air valve 24; the second internal silencer installation space 20 is used to install the internal silencer 6. Figure 5 As shown, the second mechanical air valve 24 is arranged on one side of the external muffler 7 inside the second external muffler installation space 21, and a second piston air valve 23 is arranged at one end of the second mechanical air valve 24.

[0045] Furthermore, the second built-in silencer installation space 20 is located below the first external silencer installation space 11, and the first piston air valve 13 and the first mechanical air valve 14 inside the first piston air duct 1 and the second piston air valve 23 and the second mechanical air valve 24 inside the second piston air duct 2 are staggered.

[0046] Take a two-story underground island platform station, which uses 6B vehicle marshaling, AC overhead power supply, platform width of 12m, station standard section width of 20.9m, station hall public area clearance of 5.4m, piston air duct clearance of 5.5m, and station cover of 3m as an example. The structural middle plate 4 of the piston air duct is sunk 1.4m, the clearance at the piston air duct of the station hall is 6.9m, and the distance from the platform track surface to the bottom of the structural middle plate 4 is 4.5m, which meets the driving clearance requirements.

[0047] The clearances of the first internal silencer installation space 10, the first external silencer installation space 11 and the first air duct 12 of the first piston air duct 1 are 4.35m, 3.3m and 2.3m respectively;

[0048] The clearances of the second internal silencer installation space 20, the second external silencer installation space 21 and the second air duct 22 of the second piston air duct 2 are 3.3m, 4.35m and 2.3m respectively.

[0049] In this embodiment, the built-in silencer 6 inside the first built-in silencer installation space 10 is adjusted to 3×4m (width×height), and the external silencer 7 inside the first external silencer installation space 11 is adjusted to 4×3m (width×height). The first mechanical air valve 14 is arranged on one side of the built-in silencer 6 inside the first built-in silencer installation space 10, and the size of the first mechanical air valve 14 is set to 3×4m (width×height), and the size of the first piston air valve 13 is set to 5×4m (width×height). A 0.3m installation and maintenance space is set between the first mechanical air valve 14 and the first piston air valve 13 and the side wall of the first piston air duct 1, and a 0.4m gap is set between the first mechanical air valve 14 and the first piston air valve 13. Therefore, it is recommended that the width of the first piston air duct 1 be 9m wide to meet the requirements.

[0050] The built-in silencer 6 inside the second built-in silencer installation space 20 is adjusted to 4×3m (width×height), and the external silencer 7 inside the second external silencer installation space 21 is adjusted to 3×4m (width×height). The second mechanical air valve 24 is arranged on the side of the external silencer 7 inside the second external silencer installation space 21, and the size of the second mechanical air valve 24 is set to 3×4m (width×height), and the size of the second piston air valve 23 is set to 5×4m (width×height). A 0.3m installation and maintenance space is set between the second mechanical air valve 24 and the second piston air valve 23 and the side wall of the second piston air duct 2, and a 0.4m gap is set between the second mechanical air valve 24 and the second piston air valve 23. Therefore, it is recommended that the width of the second piston air duct 2 be 9m wide to meet the requirements.

[0051] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a ventilation and air-conditioning system, comprising:

[0052] The piston air duct structure provided in any of the above embodiments of the present application; wherein, a built-in muffler 6 and an external muffler 7 are both provided inside the first piston air duct 1 and the second piston air duct 2.

[0053] In the present application, the structural mid-plate 4 is partially sunken and flush with the bottom end of the bottom plate of the track top air duct 3, and the station hall floor height at the piston air duct is increased without encroaching on the limit of the track area; utilizing the increased floor height, the conventional horizontal parallel arrangement of the double piston air ducts is changed to the first piston air duct 1 and the second piston air duct 2 being stacked up and down. At this time, although the width of the first piston air duct 1 and the second piston air duct 2 is increased, the overall width of the piston air duct is reduced due to the stacking of the first piston air duct 1 and the second piston air duct 2, thereby shortening the main length of the station.

[0054] According to the difference in space requirements at different positions of the piston air duct, the sandwich plate 8 is arranged in a three-step shape to meet the requirements of different equipment heights.

[0055] Among them, there are a first internal silencer installation space 10, a first external silencer installation space 11 and a first air duct 12 between the top end of the sandwich plate 8 and the first piston air duct 1.

[0056] like Figure 3 As shown, the sandwich plate 8 is arranged in a three-step shape, so that the height of the first internal muffler installation space 10 is greater than the height of the first external muffler installation space 11; the height of the first external muffler installation space 11 is greater than the height of the first air duct 12. It should be noted that the height here refers to the distance between the top of the sandwich plate 8 and the top of the inner wall of the first piston air duct 1.

[0057] At this time, the bottom end of the first internal silencer installation space 10 is located below the bottom end of the first external silencer installation space 11 ; the bottom end of the first external silencer installation space 11 is located below the bottom end of the first air duct 12 .

[0058] The first internal silencer installation space 10 is used to install the internal silencer 6, the first piston air valve 13 and the first mechanical air valve 14; the first external silencer installation space 11 is used to install the external silencer 7. Figure 4 As shown, the first mechanical air valve 14 is arranged on one side of the built-in muffler 6 inside the first built-in muffler installation space 10, and the first piston air valve 13 is arranged at one end of the first mechanical air valve 14.

[0059] On the basis of the above embodiment, in this embodiment, a second internal muffler installation space 20 , a second external muffler installation space 21 and a second air duct 22 are provided between the bottom end of the sandwich plate 8 and the second piston air duct 2 .

[0060] Specifically, Figure 3As shown, since the sandwich plate 8 is arranged in a three-step shape, the height of the second built-in muffler installation space 20 is smaller than the height of the second external muffler installation space 21; the height of the second air duct 22 is smaller than the height of the second built-in muffler installation space 20. It should be noted that the height here refers to the distance between the top of the inner wall of the second piston air duct 2 and the bottom of the sandwich plate 8.

[0061] At this time, the top of the second built-in muffler installation space 20 is located below the top of the second external muffler installation space 21 ; the top of the second air duct 22 is located below the top of the second built-in muffler installation space 20 .

[0062] The second external silencer installation space 21 is used to install the external silencer 7, the second piston air valve 23 and the second mechanical air valve 24; the second internal silencer installation space 20 is used to install the internal silencer 6. Figure 5 As shown, the second mechanical air valve 24 is arranged on one side of the external muffler 7 inside the second external muffler installation space 21, and a second piston air valve 23 is arranged at one end of the second mechanical air valve 24.

[0063] Furthermore, the second built-in silencer installation space 20 is located below the first external silencer installation space 11, and the first piston air valve 13 and the first mechanical air valve 14 inside the first piston air duct 1 and the second piston air valve 23 and the second mechanical air valve 24 inside the second piston air duct 2 are staggered.

[0064] Take a two-story underground island platform station, which uses 6B vehicle marshaling, AC overhead power supply, platform width of 12m, station standard section width of 20.9m, station hall public area clearance of 5.4m, piston air duct clearance of 5.5m, and station cover of 3m as an example. The structural middle plate 4 of the piston air duct is sunk 1.4m, the clearance at the piston air duct of the station hall is 6.9m, and the distance from the platform track surface to the bottom of the structural middle plate 4 is 4.5m, which meets the driving clearance requirements.

[0065] The clearances of the first internal silencer installation space 10, the first external silencer installation space 11 and the first air duct 12 of the first piston air duct 1 are 4.35m, 3.3m and 2.3m respectively;

[0066] The clearances of the second internal silencer installation space 20, the second external silencer installation space 21 and the second air duct 22 of the second piston air duct 2 are 3.3m, 4.35m and 2.3m respectively.

[0067] In this embodiment, the built-in silencer 6 inside the first built-in silencer installation space 10 is adjusted to 3×4m (width×height), and the external silencer 7 inside the first external silencer installation space 11 is adjusted to 4×3m (width×height). The first mechanical air valve 14 is arranged on one side of the built-in silencer 6 inside the first built-in silencer installation space 10, and the size of the first mechanical air valve 14 is set to 3×4m (width×height), and the size of the first piston air valve 13 is set to 5×4m (width×height). A 0.3m installation and maintenance space is set between the first mechanical air valve 14 and the first piston air valve 13 and the side wall of the first piston air duct 1, and a 0.4m gap is set between the first mechanical air valve 14 and the first piston air valve 13. Therefore, it is recommended that the width of the first piston air duct 1 be 9m wide to meet the requirements.

[0068] The built-in silencer 6 inside the second built-in silencer installation space 20 is adjusted to 4×3m (width×height), and the external silencer 7 inside the second external silencer installation space 21 is adjusted to 3×4m (width×height). The second mechanical air valve 24 is arranged on the side of the external silencer 7 inside the second external silencer installation space 21, and the size of the second mechanical air valve 24 is set to 3×4m (width×height), and the size of the second piston air valve 23 is set to 5×4m (width×height). A 0.3m installation and maintenance space is set between the second mechanical air valve 24 and the second piston air valve 23 and the side wall of the second piston air duct 2, and a 0.4m gap is set between the second mechanical air valve 24 and the second piston air valve 23. Therefore, it is recommended that the width of the second piston air duct 2 be 9m wide to meet the requirements.

[0069] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0070] It should be noted that, in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0071] The above description is only a specific implementation of the present application, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest range consistent with the principles and novel features applied for herein.

Claims

1. A piston air duct structure for an underground rail transit station, characterized in that: It includes: A first piston air duct (1); A second piston air duct (2), wherein the first piston air duct (1) is located above the second piston air duct (2), and the first piston air duct (1) and the second piston air duct (2) are separated by a sandwich plate (8); A structural middle plate (4), wherein the structural middle plate (4) is arranged at the bottom end of the second piston air duct (2), and the bottom end of the structural middle plate (4) is used to be flush with the bottom end of the bottom plate of the rail top air duct (3).

2. The piston air duct structure of the rail transit underground station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sandwich plate (8) is a stepped structure.

3. The piston air duct structure of the rail transit underground station according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first internal silencer installation space (10), a first external silencer installation space (11) and a first air duct (12) are provided between the top end of the sandwich plate (8) and the first piston air duct (1).

4. The piston air duct structure of the underground railway station according to claim 3, characterized in that: The height of the first internal silencer installation space (10) is greater than the height of the first external silencer installation space (11); The height of the first external silencer installation space (11) is greater than the height of the first air duct (12).

5. The piston air duct structure of the rail transit underground station according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom end of the first internal muffler installation space (10) is located below the bottom end of the first external muffler installation space (11); The bottom end of the first external silencer installation space (11) is located below the bottom end of the first air duct (12).

6. The piston air duct structure of the rail transit underground station according to claim 3, characterized in that: A second internal silencer installation space (20), a second external silencer installation space (21) and a second air duct (22) are provided between the bottom end of the sandwich plate (8) and the second piston air duct (2).

7. The piston air duct structure of the underground railway station according to claim 6, characterized in that: The height of the second internal muffler installation space (20) is smaller than the height of the second external muffler installation space (21); The height of the second air duct (22) is smaller than the height of the second built-in silencer installation space (20).

8. The piston air duct structure of the underground railway station according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top of the second internal silencer installation space (20) is located below the top of the second external silencer installation space (21); The top end of the second air duct (22) is located below the top end of the second built-in silencer installation space (20).

9. The piston air duct structure of a rail transit underground station according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second internal silencer installation space (20) is located below the first external silencer installation space (11).

10. A ventilation and air conditioning system, characterized in that: It includes: The piston air duct structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9; Wherein, a built-in silencer (6) and an external silencer (7) are both arranged inside the first piston air duct (1) and the second piston air duct (2).

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