Heat, electricity and hydrogen cogeneration system based on heat energy storage and air energy storage

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of energy storage, in particular to a thermoelectric hydrogen cogeneration system. The system comprises a concentrating photovoltaic unit, a temperature increasing unit, a heat energy storage unit, a cold energy storage unit, an organic power generation circulation unit, an air compression energy storage power generation circulation unit and a PEM electrolysis unit. The concentrating photovoltaic unit collects solar energy and converts the solar energy into electric heat energy, the temperature increasing unit increases the temperature of photo-thermal collected heat energy, the heat energy storage unit stores heat energy generated by the concentrating photovoltaic unit, the temperature increasing unit and the air compression energy storage power generation circulation unit, and the heat energy storage unit and the cold energy storage unit form a loop to conduct self-contained circulation work. The organic power generation circulation unit is used for converting stored heat energy into electric energy and supplying the electric energy to the PEM electrolysis unit, and the air compression energy storage power generation circulation unit conducts compression energy storage on air through the electric energy rich in solar energy and circularly works to generate a large amount of electric energy when the electric energy requirement is high. The problems that a co-production system depends on fossil fuel to operate and solar energy is difficult to merge into a power grid are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy storage, and in particular to a thermoelectric hydrogen cogeneration system based on thermal energy storage and air energy storage. Background Art

[0002] The existing cogeneration system requires a large amount of fossil fuel combustion, which produces a large amount of greenhouse gases and accelerates global warming. Solar energy, as a renewable energy source, is favored because of its abundant resources, clean properties and safety. However, the intermittent, volatile and unstable nature of solar energy brings a series of challenges when it is connected to the power grid. In addition, the operating cost and maintenance issues of the current cogeneration system are also one of the factors that restrict its widespread application. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a cogeneration system with high efficiency, good stability, green environmental protection and low cost. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a thermal power hydrogen cogeneration system based on thermal energy storage and air energy storage, which solves the problems of the cogeneration system's reliance on fossil fuels for operation and the difficulty of integrating solar energy into the power grid, further reduces operation and maintenance costs, and reduces greenhouse gas emissions.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: a thermoelectric hydrogen cogeneration system based on thermal energy storage and air energy storage, including a concentrating photovoltaic unit, a temperature raising unit, a thermal energy storage unit, a cold energy storage unit, an organic power generation cycle unit, an air compression energy storage power generation cycle unit and a PEM electrolysis unit; circulation loops are formed between the concentrating photovoltaic unit, the thermal energy storage unit and the cold energy storage unit, between the temperature raising unit, the thermal energy storage unit and the cold energy storage unit, and between the organic power generation cycle unit, the thermal energy storage unit and the cold energy storage unit; wherein,

[0005] When the system is in energy storage mode: the light heat generated by the concentrated photovoltaic unit is taken away by the circulation loop where it is located and stored in the thermal energy storage unit; the temperature raising unit acts on the circulation loop where it is located to raise the thermal energy of the thermal energy storage unit; the air compression energy storage power generation circulation unit performs multi-stage compression on the air and stores it in its high-pressure container, and the generated thermal energy is stored in the thermal energy storage unit;

[0006] When the system is in energy release mode, the organic power generation circulation unit utilizes the thermal energy of its circulation loop to expand and generate electricity, and the air compression energy storage power generation circulation unit utilizes the compressed air stored in its high-pressure container to expand and generate electricity, and part of the electricity is used to power the PEM electrolysis unit to produce hydrogen.

[0007] A specific structure of a concentrating photovoltaic unit is further provided, wherein the concentrating photovoltaic units have a plurality, each of which includes a nano-microstructured membrane, a self-cleaning nano-coating, an anti-fog and anti-frost treatment coating, an intelligent spectrum separator, a heterojunction solar cell module, a repair and replacement unit module, and an aluminum fluid heat collection channel layer, which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The aluminum fluid heat collection channel layer is provided with a fluid heat collection channel, and the fluid heat collection channels of each concentrating photovoltaic unit are connected in series and / or in parallel and / or in series and parallel.

[0008] A specific structure of a temperature raising unit is further provided, the temperature raising unit comprises a pressurizer, an evaporating device, a condensing device, a flow controller, a flow pump 1 and a flow pump 2; wherein,

[0009] The outlet of the pressurizer, the refrigerant channel of the condensing device, the flow regulator, the refrigerant channel of the evaporating device, the flow pump 1 and the inlet of the pressurizer are connected in series in sequence;

[0010] The outlet of the thermal energy storage unit, flow pump 2, the fluid channel of the evaporation device, the cold energy storage unit, the fluid channel of the condensation device and the inlet of the thermal energy storage unit are connected in sequence to form a circulation loop where the temperature raising unit is located.

[0011] A specific structure of an organic power generation circulation unit is further provided, the organic power generation circulation unit comprising a preheater, a thermodynamic evaporator, a power turbine, a generator 1, a fluid pump 3 and a three-way condenser; the three-way condenser comprises a first sleeve, a second sleeve and a third sleeve which are stacked in sequence; wherein,

[0012] The outlet of the thermal energy storage unit, the fluid channel of the thermodynamic evaporator, the first flow channel of the preheater, and the inlet of the cold energy storage unit are connected in sequence;

[0013] The gas outlet of the power turbine, the first casing, the third fluid pump, the second flow channel of the preheater, the refrigerant flow channel of the thermodynamic evaporator and the steam inlet of the power turbine are connected in sequence, and the output shaft of the power turbine is connected to the first generator;

[0014] The second sleeve is connected in series to the steam inlet flow path of the air compression energy storage power generation circulation unit, and the third sleeve is connected in series to the gas outlet flow path of the air compression energy storage power generation circulation unit.

[0015] In order to further improve the heat exchange efficiency, a spoiler shaft is arranged inside the first sleeve, the peripheral wall of the second sleeve is wavy, and the inner wall of the third sleeve is provided with a plurality of rows of triangular baffles along the circumferential direction.

[0016] Further improve the specific structure of an air compression energy storage power generation cycle unit, the air compression energy storage power generation cycle unit includes:

[0017] A rectifier, a convergent pipe, a plurality of gas compression and condensation components, a divergent pipe and a high-pressure container are connected in sequence, wherein the gas compression and condensation component includes a gas compressor and a rotary condenser, the gas outlet of the gas compressor is connected to the fluid channel of the rotary condenser, and the outlet of the cold energy storage unit is connected in series with the refrigerant channels of the plurality of rotary condensers in sequence and then connected to the inlet of the heat energy storage unit;

[0018] A power generator, wherein the high-pressure container is used to supply high-pressure gas to the power generator, and the gas outlet of the power generator is connected to the rectifier;

[0019] Generator 2, the output shaft of the power generator is connected to generator 2.

[0020] A specific structure of a rotary condenser is further provided, wherein the fluid channel and the refrigerant channel of the rotary condenser are stacked and wound into a roll, and the flow directions are opposite.

[0021] A specific structure of a PEM electrolysis unit is further provided, wherein the PEM electrolysis unit comprises a water electrolysis tank, a graphene electrode, a nickel oxide electrode, a hydrogen storage tank, and an oxygen storage tank;

[0022] Wherein, the graphene electrode and the nickel oxide electrode are located in the water electrolysis tank, and the organic power generation circulation unit is used as a power supply unit;

[0023] The hydrogen storage tank is used to collect hydrogen generated by electrolysis, and the oxygen storage tank is used to collect oxygen generated by electrolysis.

[0024] Furthermore, a gas channel is provided at the bottom of the electrolytic water tank, and the gas channel is connected in series to the gas supply pipeline of the air compression energy storage power generation circulation unit.

[0025] After adopting the above technical scheme, the concentrated photovoltaic unit collects solar energy and converts it into electrical energy and thermal energy, the temperature raising unit raises the temperature of the thermal energy collected by the photothermal system, the thermal energy storage unit stores the thermal energy generated by the concentrated photovoltaic unit, the temperature raising unit, and the air compression energy storage power generation cycle unit, and forms a loop with the cold energy storage unit to perform self-sufficient circulation work, the organic power generation cycle unit converts the stored thermal energy into electrical energy and supplies it to the PEM electrolysis unit, the air compression energy storage power generation cycle unit compresses the air with the electrical energy rich in solar energy to store energy, and circulates to generate a large amount of electrical energy when the demand for electrical energy is high. The heat-electricity-hydrogen cogeneration system of the present invention, By coupling concentrated photovoltaic units with air energy storage, the cost of electricity storage is reduced, the system waste heat is fully utilized, the system energy efficiency is improved, the use of fossil fuels is reduced, and greenhouse gas emissions are further reduced. At the same time, three types of energy, electricity, heat, and hydrogen, are produced. It is a high-efficiency, stable, green and environmentally friendly, low-cost system that solves the problem that the existing polygeneration system cannot be stably integrated into the power grid for peak regulation, realizes the complementary use of energy, and improves the system's adaptability to energy fluctuations. At the same time, it produces high-quality heat, electricity, and hydrogen, realizing pollution-free energy production and meeting a variety of energy needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a principle block diagram of the thermoelectric hydrogen cogeneration system based on thermal energy storage and air energy storage of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a concentrated photovoltaic unit of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a three-way condenser of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the spoiler shaft of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a three-way condenser of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a rotary condenser of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the electrolytic cell of the present invention;

[0033] In the figure, 1. Concentrating photovoltaic unit; 101. Nano-microstructure film; 102. Self-cleaning nano-coating; 103. Anti-fog and anti-frost treatment coating; 104. Intelligent spectrum separator; 105. Heterojunction solar cell; 106. Repair and replacement unit block; 107. Aluminum fluid heat collection channel layer; 2. Pressurizer; 3. Evaporation device; 4. Condensation device; 5. Flow regulator; 6. Flow pump 1; 7. Thermal energy storage unit; 8. Cold energy storage unit; 9. Preheater; 10. Thermal power evaporator; 11. Power turbine; 12. Three-way condenser; 1201. Casing 1; 1202. Casing 2; 1203. Casing 3; 1204. Spoiler shaft; 1205. Triangular baffle ; 13. Flow pump 2; 14. Rectifier; 15. Gradually converging tube; 16. Gas compressor 1; 17. Gas compressor 2; 18. Gas compressor 3; 19. Rotary cooler 1; 20. Rotary cooler 2; 21. Rotary cooler 3; 22. Gradually expanding tube; 23. High-pressure container; 24. Power generator; 25. Electrolytic water tank; 26. Graphene electrode; 27. Nickel oxide electrode; 28. Hydrogen storage tank; 29. ​​Oxygen storage tank; 30. Valve 1; 31. Valve 2; 32. Valve 3; 33. Valve 4; 34. Valve 5; 35. Valve 6; 36. Valve 7; 37. Flow pump 2; 38. Generator 1; 39. Generator 2; 40. Gas channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the contents of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below based on specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a thermoelectric hydrogen cogeneration system based on thermal energy storage and air energy storage includes a concentrating photovoltaic unit 1, a temperature raising unit, a thermal energy storage unit 7, a cold energy storage unit 8, an organic power generation cycle unit, an air compression energy storage power generation cycle unit and a PEM electrolysis unit; circulation loops are formed between the concentrating photovoltaic unit 1, the thermal energy storage unit 7 and the cold energy storage unit 8, between the temperature raising unit, the thermal energy storage unit 7 and the cold energy storage unit 8, and between the organic power generation cycle unit, the thermal energy storage unit 7 and the cold energy storage unit 8; wherein,

[0036] When the system is in energy storage mode: the light heat generated by the concentrated photovoltaic unit 1 is taken away by the circulation loop where it is located and stored in the thermal energy storage unit 7; the temperature raising unit acts on the circulation loop where it is located to raise the thermal energy of the thermal energy storage unit 7; the air compression energy storage power generation circulation unit compresses the air in multiple stages and stores it in its high-pressure container 23, and the generated thermal energy is stored in the thermal energy storage unit 7;

[0037] When the system is in energy release mode, the organic power generation circulation unit uses the thermal energy of its circulation loop to expand and generate electricity, and the air compression energy storage power generation circulation unit uses the compressed air stored in its high-pressure container 23 to expand and generate electricity, and part of the electricity is used to power the PEM electrolysis unit to produce hydrogen.

[0038] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment, the circulation loop between the concentrated photovoltaic unit 1, the thermal energy storage unit 7 and the cold energy storage unit 8 is recorded as the first circulation loop; the circulation loop between the temperature raising unit, the thermal energy storage unit 7 and the cold energy storage unit 8 is recorded as the second circulation loop; the circulation loop between the organic power generation circulation unit, the thermal energy storage unit 7 and the cold energy storage unit 8 is recorded as the third circulation loop. In the three circulation loops, the fluid flow from the thermal energy storage unit 7 to the cold energy storage unit 8 is recorded as the hot→cold flow path, and the fluid flow from the cold energy storage unit 8 to the thermal energy storage unit 7 is recorded as the cold→hot flow path. The first circulation loop shares the hot→cold flow path with the second circulation loop and / or the third circulation loop; the third circulation loop uses the cold→hot flow path of the second circulation loop and / or the flow path from the cold energy storage unit 8→the compressed air cooling channel of the air compression energy storage power generation circulation unit→the thermal energy storage unit 7 as its cold→hot flow path.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, there are multiple concentrating photovoltaic units 1, each of which includes a nano-microstructure film 101, a self-cleaning nano-coating 102, an anti-fog and anti-frost treatment coating 103, an intelligent spectrum separator 104, a heterojunction solar cell module 105, a maintenance and replacement unit module 106 and an aluminum fluid heat collection channel layer 107, which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The aluminum fluid heat collection channel layer 107 is provided with a fluid heat collection channel, and the fluid heat collection channels of each concentrating photovoltaic unit 1 are connected in series and / or in parallel and / or in series and parallel.

[0040] It should be noted that the concentrated photovoltaic unit 1 is preferably Figure 2 Of course, the concentrating photovoltaic unit 1 in the prior art can also be used. Among them, the nano-microstructure film 101 is used to use the microstructure manufactured by nanotechnology to improve the light transmittance and block ultraviolet rays to protect the internal photovoltaic elements. The self-cleaning nano-coating 102 is used to be coated on the surface of the transparent film to decompose dirt through photocatalysis to achieve a self-cleaning function. The anti-fog and anti-frost treatment coating 103 is used to prevent the transparent interlayer from forming fog or frost in a humid or low-temperature environment and maintain stable optical performance. The intelligent spectrum separator 104 uses optical devices to separate the sunlight spectrum and guide different spectra to the most suitable battery layer to further improve the conversion efficiency. The heterojunction solar cell module 105 is used to combine multiple materials to form a multi-layer heterojunction structure to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency and use sunlight of different wavelengths. The repair and replacement unit module 106 is used to design the solar panel as a unit that can be independently repaired and replaced, which is convenient for rapid replacement of faulty units and reduces maintenance costs.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the temperature raising unit includes a pressurizer 2, an evaporator 3, a condenser 4, a flow controller 5, a flow pump 1 6 and a flow pump 2 37; wherein,

[0042] The outlet of the pressurizer 2, the refrigerant channel of the condensing device 4, the flow controller 5, the refrigerant channel of the evaporating device 3, the flow pump 6 and the inlet of the pressurizer 2 are connected in series in sequence;

[0043] The outlet of the thermal energy storage unit 7, the flow pump 2 37, the fluid channel of the evaporation device 3, the cold energy storage unit 8, the fluid channel of the condensation device 4 and the inlet of the thermal energy storage unit 7 are connected in sequence to form a circulation loop where the temperature raising unit is located.

[0044] Part of the electric energy generated by the concentrated photovoltaic unit 1 is used for the pressure booster 2 .

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the organic power generation cycle unit includes a preheater 9, a thermal power evaporator 10, a power turbine 11, a generator 138, a fluid pump 313 and a three-way condenser 12; the three-way condenser 12 has a casing 1201, a casing 2 1202 and a casing 3 1203 which are stacked in sequence; wherein,

[0046] The outlet of the heat energy storage unit 7, the fluid channel of the thermodynamic evaporator 10, the first flow channel of the preheater 9, and the inlet of the cold energy storage unit 8 are connected in sequence;

[0047] The gas outlet of the power turbine 11, the casing 1201, the fluid pump 3 13, the second flow channel of the preheater 9 and the refrigerant flow channel of the thermodynamic evaporator 10 are connected to the steam inlet of the power turbine 11 in sequence, and the output shaft of the power turbine 11 is connected to the generator 1 38;

[0048] Casing 2 1202 is connected in series to the steam inlet flow path of the air compression energy storage power generation circulation unit, and casing 3 1203 is connected in series to the gas outlet flow path of the air compression energy storage power generation circulation unit.

[0049] Specifically, the three-way condenser 12 adopts a three-layer shell-and-tube structure, which can ensure the maximum and full utilization of waste heat.

[0050] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a spoiler shaft 1204 is provided in the sleeve 1201, the peripheral wall of the sleeve 2 1202 is wavy, and the inner wall of the sleeve 3 1203 is provided with a plurality of rows of triangular baffles 1205 along the circumferential direction.

[0051] Specifically, the turbulence generated by the rotation of the spoiler shaft 1204 in the sleeve 1201 enhances the turbulence of the fluid and improves the heat exchange efficiency; the sleeve 2 1202 is a wave-shaped sleeve, and the fluid is high-pressure air. The wave-shaped design increases the path length of the fluid flow and increases the heat exchange area; the sleeve 3 1203 is provided with four rows of triangular baffles 1205, and the flow is the waste heat gas after the air compression energy storage power generation cycle unit works. The setting of the triangular baffles 1205 increases the resistance of the fluid flow, promotes the turbulence of the fluid in the tube, and enhances the heat exchange. At the same time, the sleeve 2 1202 contains cold fluid, and the inside and outside are both waste heat fluids and the flow direction is opposite to that in the sleeve 2 1202, which makes full use of the waste heat and increases the inlet temperature of the gas before work. In summary, the three-layer sleeve-type three-way condenser achieves efficient heat exchange through its unique structural design, and at the same time, it has a compact structure and is easy to maintain.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, the air compression energy storage power generation cycle unit includes:

[0053] A rectifier 14, a convergent pipe 15, a plurality of gas compression and condensation components, a divergent pipe 22 and a high-pressure container 23 are sequentially connected, the gas compression and condensation components include a gas compressor and a rotary condenser, the gas outlet of the gas compressor is connected to the fluid channel of the rotary condenser, and the outlet of the cold energy storage unit 8 is sequentially connected in series with the refrigerant channels of the plurality of rotary condensers and then connected to the inlet of the heat energy storage unit 7;

[0054] The power generator 24, the high-pressure container 23 is used to supply high-pressure gas to the power generator 24, and the gas outlet of the power generator 24 is connected to the rectifier 14;

[0055] Generator 2 39 , the output shaft of the power generator 24 is connected to generator 2 39 .

[0056] Specifically, the reducer 15 and the diverger 22 are both provided with guide vanes, the rectifier 14 is used to control the gas flow velocity and gas uniformity, the reducer 15 is used to increase the gas flow velocity and control the increase of the gas flow velocity, reduce pressure loss and turbulence, and the diverger 22 is used to reduce pressure loss and provide a smoother airflow for the high-pressure container 23. In addition, the gas compression and condensation components of the air compression energy storage power generation cycle unit have three arranged in sequence, and the air is compressed in three stages by a three-stage gas compressor and cooled by three rotary condensers, which can greatly improve the compression efficiency. Figure 1 As shown, the three-stage gas compressors are respectively gas compressor 1 16, gas compressor 2 17 and gas compressor 3 18; the three rotary condensers are respectively rotary cooler 19, rotary cooler 20 and rotary cooler 3 21. Part of the electric energy generated by the concentrated photovoltaic unit 1 is used for gas compressor 1 16, gas compressor 2 17 and gas compressor 3 18 to increase the gas pressure.

[0057] like Figure 6 As shown, the fluid channel and the refrigerant channel of the rotary condenser are stacked and wound into a roll, and the flow directions are opposite. In this way, the heat exchange area of ​​the cold and hot fluids can be increased, the heat exchange efficiency can be improved, the gas outlet temperature can be reduced, and the compression efficiency can be improved.

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, the PEM electrolysis unit includes a water electrolysis tank 25, a graphene electrode 26, a nickel oxide electrode 27, a hydrogen storage tank 28 and an oxygen storage tank 29; wherein,

[0059] The graphene electrode 26 and the nickel oxide electrode 27 are located in the water electrolysis tank 25, and the organic power generation circulation unit is used as a power supply unit;

[0060] The hydrogen storage tank 28 is used to collect hydrogen generated by electrolysis, and the oxygen storage tank 29 is used to collect oxygen generated by electrolysis.

[0061] like Figure 7 As shown, a gas channel 40 is provided at the bottom of the electrolytic water tank 25, and the gas channel 40 is connected in series to the gas supply pipeline of the air compression energy storage power generation circulation unit.

[0062] Among them, the gas flowing out of the power generator 24 passes through the sleeve three 1203 and the gas channel 40 in turn, is fully cooled, and then returns to the rectifier 14. The gas channel 40 is set at the bottom of the electrolytic water tank 25. On the one hand, the temperature of the gas entering the rectifier 14 can be lower, so that the gas can be compressed more efficiently. On the other hand, it provides a suitable temperature for electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen, thereby accelerating the precipitation of hydrogen.

[0063] The thermoelectric hydrogen cogeneration system based on thermal energy storage and air energy storage involved in the above embodiment has several valves, which are valve 1 30, valve 2 31, valve 3 32, valve 4 33, valve 5 34, valve 6 35 and valve 7 36, which are used to control the operation of the system and adjust the system operation mode to meet the different requirements of the three energy sources of thermoelectric hydrogen. The specific energy storage and release process of the system is:

[0064] like Figure 1As shown, when the system is in energy storage mode, the temperature raising unit and the air compression energy storage power generation cycle unit are used to convert electrical energy into heat energy and air energy for storage. Specifically, open valve 1 30, valve 2 31, valve 3 32, valve 4 33, and valve 5 34, the light heat generated by the concentrated photovoltaic unit 1 is taken away by the water from the cold energy storage unit 8 through the fluid heat collection channel and flows to the thermal energy storage unit 7, the temperature raising unit uses electric energy to pressurize the hot water from the evaporation device 3 to the condensing device 4, and the other side of the condensing device 4 is the cold water from the cold energy storage unit 8 flowing to the thermal energy storage unit 7, so far, the thermal energy storage has been completed. The gas compressor 16, gas compressor 2 17 and gas compressor 18 in the air compression energy storage power generation cycle unit use part of the electrical energy to perform multi-stage compression on the circulating air, and use the heat energy storage unit 7 and the cold energy storage unit 8 to form a loop through the rotary cooler 19, rotary cooler 20 and rotary cooler 3 21 to perform stage heat exchange cooling to improve the compression efficiency. The air after three-stage compression is finally circulated to the high-pressure container 23 for high-pressure air storage. At this point, the air energy storage has been completed.

[0065] When the system is in energy release mode, the heat energy and air energy in the organic power generation cycle unit and the air compression energy storage power generation cycle unit can generate a large amount of electricity by expansion work. At the same time, the waste heat of the circulation process is fully utilized to promote the electrolysis of water to release hydrogen energy, thereby realizing pollution-free energy production. Specifically, valve six 35 and valve seven 36 are opened, and the thermodynamic evaporator 10 in the organic power generation circulation unit exchanges heat with the liquid circuits of the heat energy storage unit 7 and the cold energy storage unit 8, and expands through the power turbine 11 to generate power, and the generated power is used for the PEM electrolysis unit; the air in the air compression energy storage power generation circulation unit passes through the three-way condenser 12 to fully utilize the waste heat in the organic power generation circulation unit and the waste heat after the air itself is expanded to increase the intake temperature, and expands in the power generator 24 to generate power, and the gas after work passes through the three-way condenser 12 and the gas channel 40 of the electrolytic water tank 25 in the PEM electrolysis unit, and finally leads to the air inlet of the rectifier 14. The suitable temperature of the PEM electrolysis unit accelerates the precipitation of hydrogen, and the precipitated hydrogen and oxygen are stored in the hydrogen storage tank 28 and the oxygen storage tank 29 respectively. At this point, the energy release has been completed.

[0066] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the present invention, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention through the above description. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A heat-power-hydrogen cogeneration system based on thermal energy storage and air energy storage, characterized in that: The invention comprises a concentrated photovoltaic unit (1), a temperature raising unit, a heat energy storage unit (7), a cold energy storage unit (8), an organic power generation circulation unit, an air compression energy storage power generation circulation unit and a PEM electrolysis unit; circulation loops are formed between the concentrated photovoltaic unit (1), the heat energy storage unit (7) and the cold energy storage unit (8), between the temperature raising unit, the heat energy storage unit (7) and the cold energy storage unit (8), and between the organic power generation circulation unit, the heat energy storage unit (7) and the cold energy storage unit (8); wherein, When the system is in energy storage mode: the light heat generated by the concentrated photovoltaic unit (1) is taken away by the circulation loop in which it is located and stored in the thermal energy storage unit (7); the temperature raising unit acts on the circulation loop in which it is located to raise the thermal energy of the thermal energy storage unit (7); the air compression energy storage power generation circulation unit performs multi-stage compression on the air and stores it in its high-pressure container (23), and the generated thermal energy is stored in the thermal energy storage unit (7); When the system is in the energy release mode, the organic power generation circulation unit utilizes the thermal energy of its circulation loop to expand and generate electricity, and the air compression energy storage power generation circulation unit utilizes the compressed air stored in its high-pressure container (23) to expand and generate electricity, and part of the electricity is used to power the PEM electrolysis unit to produce hydrogen.

2. The heat-electricity-hydrogen cogeneration system based on thermal energy storage and air energy storage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The concentrating photovoltaic units (1) have a plurality of concentrating photovoltaic units (1), each of which comprises a nano-microstructured film (101), a self-cleaning nano-coating (102), an anti-fog and anti-frost treatment coating (103), an intelligent spectrum separator (104), a heterojunction solar cell module (105), a repair and replacement unit module (106), and an aluminum fluid heat collection channel layer (107) arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The aluminum fluid heat collection channel layer (107) is provided with a fluid heat collection channel, and the fluid heat collection channels of each concentrating photovoltaic unit (1) are connected in series and / or in parallel and / or in series and in parallel.

3. The heat-power-hydrogen cogeneration system based on thermal energy storage and air energy storage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The temperature raising unit comprises a pressurizer (2), an evaporating device (3), a condensing device (4), a flow controller (5), a flow pump 1 (6) and a flow pump 2 (37); wherein, The outlet of the pressurizer (2), the refrigerant channel of the condensing device (4), the flow regulator (5), the refrigerant channel of the evaporating device (3), the flow pump 1 (6) and the inlet of the pressurizer (2) are connected in series in sequence; The outlet of the thermal energy storage unit (7), the second flow pump (37), the fluid channel of the evaporation device (3), the cold energy storage unit (8), the fluid channel of the condensation device (4) and the inlet of the thermal energy storage unit (7) are connected in sequence to form a circulation loop where the temperature raising unit is located.

4. The heat-electricity-hydrogen cogeneration system based on thermal energy storage and air energy storage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The organic power generation circulation unit comprises a preheater (9), a thermodynamic evaporator (10), a power turbine (11), a generator 1 (38), a fluid pump 3 (13) and a three-way condenser (12); the three-way condenser (12) comprises a casing 1 (1201), a casing 2 (1202) and a casing 3 (1203) which are sequentially stacked; wherein, The outlet of the heat energy storage unit (7), the fluid channel of the thermodynamic evaporator (10), the first flow channel of the preheater (9), and the inlet of the cold energy storage unit (8) are connected in sequence; The gas outlet of the power turbine (11), the casing one (1201), the fluid pump three (13), the second flow channel of the preheater (9), the refrigerant flow channel of the thermal power evaporator (10) and the steam inlet of the power turbine (11) are connected in sequence, and the output shaft of the power turbine (11) is connected to the generator one (38); The casing 2 (1202) is connected in series to the steam inlet flow path of the air compression energy storage power generation circulation unit, and the casing 3 (1203) is connected in series to the gas outlet flow path of the air compression energy storage power generation circulation unit.

5. The heat-electricity-hydrogen cogeneration system based on thermal energy storage and air energy storage according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The first sleeve (1201) is provided with a spoiler shaft (1204), the peripheral wall of the second sleeve (1202) is wavy, and the inner wall of the third sleeve (1203) is provided with a plurality of rows of triangular baffles (1205) along the circumferential direction.

6. The heat-electricity-hydrogen cogeneration system based on thermal energy storage and air energy storage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The air compression energy storage power generation cycle unit comprises: A rectifier (14), a convergent pipe (15), a plurality of gas compression and condensation components, a divergent pipe (22) and a high-pressure container (23) connected in sequence, wherein the gas compression and condensation components include a gas compressor and a rotary condenser, the gas outlet of the gas compressor is connected to the fluid channel of the rotary condenser, and the outlet of the cold energy storage unit (8) is connected in series with the refrigerant channels of the plurality of rotary condensers and then connected to the inlet of the heat energy storage unit (7); A power generator (24), wherein the high-pressure container (23) is used to supply high-pressure gas to the power generator (24), and the gas outlet of the power generator (24) is connected to the rectifier (14); Generator 2 (39), the output shaft of the power generator (24) is connected to the generator 2 (39).

7. The heat-electricity-hydrogen cogeneration system based on thermal energy storage and air energy storage according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The fluid channels and the refrigerant channels of the rotary condenser are stacked and wound into a roll, and the flow directions are opposite.

8. The heat-power-hydrogen cogeneration system based on thermal energy storage and air energy storage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The PEM electrolysis unit comprises a water electrolysis tank (25), a graphene electrode (26), a nickel oxide electrode (27), a hydrogen storage tank (28) and an oxygen storage tank (29); The graphene electrode (26) and the nickel oxide electrode (27) are located in the water electrolysis tank (25), and the organic power generation circulation unit is used as a power supply unit; The hydrogen storage tank (28) is used to collect hydrogen generated by electrolysis, and the oxygen storage tank (29) is used to collect oxygen generated by electrolysis.

9. The heat-electricity-hydrogen cogeneration system based on thermal energy storage and air energy storage according to claim 8, characterized in that: A gas channel (40) is provided at the bottom of the electrolytic water tank (25), and the gas channel (40) is connected in series to the gas supply pipeline of the air compression energy storage power generation circulation unit.

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