Recyclable bronchial fistula plugging device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a recyclable bronchial fistula plugging device which comprises a plugging device body, the plugging device body comprises a first plugging end and a second plugging end, and a waist connecting unit is arranged between the first plugging end and the second plugging end. The first plugging end, the second plugging end and the waist connecting unit are each of a mesh cage-shaped structure formed by weaving wires. The plugging device main body can be compressed by pulling the pull wire, so that the plugging device main body can adapt to bronchial fistula openings of different sizes, meanwhile, when the plugging device main body is taken out, a cooling medium is introduced into the plugging device main body, the first telescopic unit and the second telescopic unit change forms, and the plugging device is more convenient to use. And the plugging device main body is deformed in situ under the cooperation of the first telescopic unit, the second telescopic unit and the cooling medium, so that medical personnel can recycle or replace the plugging device main body conveniently.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular relates to a recyclable bronchial fistula occluder. Background Art

[0002] A bronchial fistula is a pathological condition usually caused by surgery, infection, tumor or trauma, which refers to an abnormal passage formed between the bronchus and the pleural cavity. The pleural cavity is a space formed by a thin membrane surrounding the lungs. A bronchial fistula may cause air and / or fluid to flow from the lungs into the pleural cavity, which may cause the patient to develop a pneumothorax or pleural effusion, which may cause the patient to have severe symptoms such as dyspnea, persistent cough, sputum, hemoptysis or chest pain, which seriously endangers the patient's health and affects the patient's quality of life. The treatment of a bronchial fistula depends on the size and location of the fistula, the patient's overall health and the cause of the fistula. Treatment usually includes antibiotics to treat infection, chest drainage, endobronchial procedures or surgical repair. In some cases, special stents or occluders are often needed under bronchoscopy to isolate the fistula and promote healing.

[0003] Since there are no devices suitable for bronchial fistula occlusion on the market, for the health of patients, most of the coronary ASD / VSD occluders are used to occlude bronchial fistulas in clinical practice. The structure of the ASD / VSD occluder usually consists of a waist, a left ventricular surface, and a right ventricular surface. When used in bronchial fistula occlusion, the waist of the ASD / VSD occluder is used to fill the fistula, and the left ventricular surface and the right ventricular surface are used to fix inside and outside the bronchial wall, respectively, to play a fixing role. However, the waist size of this occluder is limited and it is not suitable for patients with thicker bronchial walls. Moreover, this occluder is not recyclable, and there is no way to remove the occluder for patients with fungal infections. Therefore, the use of ASD / VSD occluders for bronchial fistula occlusion cannot completely solve the bronchial fistulas caused by postoperative complications and infections faced in clinical practice. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a recyclable bronchial fistula occluder, which can compress the occluder body by pulling a traction line, so that the occluder body can adapt to bronchial fistulas of different sizes. At the same time, when the occluder body is taken out, a cooling medium is introduced into the inside of the occluder body, and the first telescopic unit and the second telescopic unit change their shapes. The occluder body is deformed in situ with the cooperation of the first telescopic unit, the second telescopic unit and the cooling medium, which is convenient for medical personnel to recover or replace the occluder body.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A recyclable bronchial fistula occluder comprises an occluder body, the occluder body comprises a first occluding end and a second occluding end, a waist connecting unit is arranged between the first occluding end and the second occluding end, the first occluding end, the second occluding end and the waist connecting unit are all mesh cage structures formed by weaving wires, a receiving inlet is provided at one end of the second occluding end away from the first occluding end, a plurality of fixing hooks are fixed at one end of the second occluding end away from the first occluding end, a traction line is arranged inside the first occluding end, a plurality of fixing rings are arranged outside the traction line, and the fixing rings and the fixing hooks are matched;

[0007] The traction line is pulled to adjust the shape of the occluder body until the shape of the occluder body reaches the expected shape, and the shape of the occluder body is fixed by the cooperation of the fixing hook and the fixing ring.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of spurs are provided on the outer side of the waist connection unit, and the plurality of spurs are arranged in a circular array on the outer side of the waist connection unit.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, a reset mechanism is installed inside the occluder body, and the reset mechanism includes a first telescopic unit, a second telescopic unit and a middle connecting unit. The first telescopic unit is fixed to an end of the first blocking end away from the second blocking end, the second telescopic unit is fixed to an end of the second blocking end away from the first blocking end, and the second telescopic unit is adapted to the receiving entrance. The middle connecting unit is fixed between the first telescopic unit and the second telescopic unit, and the first telescopic unit and the second telescopic unit are both in the shape of a bellows.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the first telescopic unit, the second telescopic unit and the middle connecting unit are all mesh structures woven from metal wires, wherein the first telescopic unit and the second telescopic unit are both made of memory alloy.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the transformation temperature of the first telescopic unit and the second telescopic unit is 25°C to 30°C.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the inner wall of the occluder body is provided with a first biofilm layer, and the outer wall of the reset mechanism is provided with a second biofilm layer. The first biofilm layer and the second biofilm layer are made of one or more of the following materials: polysilicone, silica gel, and polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the materials of the first biofilm layer and the second biofilm layer contain antibacterial substances, and the antibacterial substances are one or more of the following substances: gold nanoparticles, titanium dioxide nanoparticles, zinc oxide nanoparticles, biological antibacterial peptides, catalase, glucose oxidase, penicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline or silver ions.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the traction line is made of one of the following materials: silk thread, nylon thread, polypropylene thread, stainless steel thread with nuclear magnetic compatibility, and the fixing ring is made of metal with nuclear magnetic compatibility.

[0015] The technical effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0016] After the occluder body in the initial form is delivered to the bronchial fistula, the traction line is pulled to expand the occluder body until the expanded occluder body can fit the bronchial fistula. The occluder body in the expanded state is shaped by the cooperation of the traction line and the fixing ring, so that the occluder body can fit bronchial fistulas of different sizes, thereby improving the applicable scope of the occluder body, eliminating the need for customized production or multiple models of inventory, reducing inventory waste and uncertainties caused by emergency circulation in clinics and manufacturers, and at the same time, endoscopic delivery of the occluder body for bronchial fistula occlusion can avoid harm to patients caused by open surgery and avoid the hidden dangers of wound infection in open surgery.

[0017] In the process of placing the occluder body at the bronchial fistula, the traction line is pulled to expand the occluder body. When the waist connection unit contacts the tissue at the fistula, the tissue at the bronchial fistula is stimulated by puncturing, so that granulation tissue at the bronchial fistula grows, the bronchial fistula is promoted to close autonomously, which is beneficial to the healing of the patient's bronchial fistula and improves the patient's recovery efficiency.

[0018] When the occluder body needs to be removed, the present invention injects a cooling medium into the occluder body through an endoscope, so that the ambient temperature at the first telescopic unit and the second telescopic unit is reduced to below the transformation temperature, prompting the first telescopic unit and the second telescopic unit to transform from a contracted state to an extended state. The occluder body is deformed in situ with the cooperation of the first telescopic unit, the second telescopic unit and the cooling medium, and is transformed from an expanded state to an initial state. The occluder body in the initial state can be taken out of the patient's body by clamping the occluder body in the initial state with forceps, so that medical personnel can recover or replace the occluder body conveniently. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 The present invention Figure 1 A local enlarged schematic diagram of the middle A;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a bottom view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 The present invention Figure 3 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the whole of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 The present invention Figure 5 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point C in the middle;

[0025] Figure 7 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the overall mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the reset mechanism of the present invention.

[0027] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0028] 10. Occluder body; 11. First occluding end; 12. Second occluding end; 13. Waist connecting unit; 14. Receiving entrance; 15. Fixing hook; 16. Pulling line; 17. Fixing ring; 18. Stab; 19. First biofilm layer; 20. Resetting mechanism; 21. First telescopic unit; 22. Second telescopic unit; 23. Middle connecting unit; 24. Second biofilm layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0031] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in a preferred embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0032] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagram. When describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, for the sake of convenience, the cross-sectional diagrams showing the device structure will not be partially enlarged according to the general scale, and the schematic diagrams are only examples, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, in actual production, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included.

[0033] Please refer to the attached Figures 1 to 5 The first embodiment of the present invention is shown in the figure. This embodiment provides a recyclable bronchial fistula occluder, including an occluder body 10. The occluder body 10 includes a first occluding end 11 and a second occluding end 12. A waist connecting unit 13 is arranged between the first occluding end 11 and the second occluding end 12. The first occluding end 11 and the waist connecting unit 13 are fixedly connected to each other, and the first occluding end 11, the second occluding end 12 and the waist connecting unit 13 are all mesh cage structures formed by weaving wires. The first occluding end 11, the second occluding end 12 and the waist connecting unit 13 are all mesh cage structures formed by weaving wires. The insides of the blocking end 12 and the waist connection unit 13 are connected to each other, and a receiving inlet 14 is provided at one end of the second blocking end 12 away from the first blocking end 11, and a plurality of fixing hooks 15 are fixed at one end of the second blocking end 12 away from the first blocking end 11, and a traction line 16 is installed inside the first blocking end 11, and the end of the traction line 16 away from the first blocking end 11 passes through the inside of the second blocking end 12 and extends to the outside of the occluder body 10 through the receiving inlet 14, and a plurality of fixing rings 17 are fixed at equal intervals on the outside of the traction line 16 by laser welding, and the fixing rings 17 are adapted to the fixing hooks 15;

[0034] The traction wire 16 is pulled to adjust the shape of the occluder body 10, so that the occluder body 10 expands radially and compresses axially until the shape of the occluder body 10 reaches the expected shape, and the shape of the occluder body 10 is finalized by the cooperation of a fixing hook 15 and a fixing ring 17 closest to it;

[0035] Here, the material of the traction wire 16 is one of the following materials: silk thread, nylon thread, polypropylene thread, stainless steel wire with nuclear magnetic compatibility, and the material of the fixing ring 17 is metal with nuclear magnetic compatibility. Preferably, in this embodiment, the material of the traction wire 16 is preferably polypropylene thread.

[0036] It should be noted that the occluder body 10 in the initial form is a slender strip-shaped structure. After the occluder body 10 expands from the initial form to the expected form, the size and shape of the occluder body 10 in the expected form are compatible with the bronchial fistula, and the occluder body 10 in the expected form can form an obstruction on the bronchial fistula.

[0037] Furthermore, the traction line 16 and the fixing ring 17 can be fixedly connected by means of a lock, a rope buckle, etc. Specifically, in the present embodiment, a lock ring is provided on the outer side of the traction line 16, and the fixing ring 17 passes through the interior of the lock ring, and pressure is applied to the lock ring to deform the lock ring, thereby forming a fixed connection between the traction line 16 and the fixing ring 17. Of course, the above method only provides a method for connecting the traction line 16 and the fixing ring 17, and its specific connection method can be adjusted according to actual application requirements, and does not constitute a specific limitation.

[0038] In this embodiment, when the bronchial fistula in the patient's body is blocked, under the guidance of the imaging device, the occluder body 10 in the initial form is delivered to the bronchial fistula through an endoscope, the traction line 16 is pulled by forceps, and the first blocking end 11 is axially compressed by the traction line 16, so that the first blocking end 11 expands, and the second blocking end 12 and the waist connecting unit 13 are driven to expand by the first blocking end 11, so that the occluder body 10 radially expands (at this time, the axial size of the occluder body 10 becomes smaller), until the shape of the occluder body 10 reaches the expected shape, the bronchial fistula is blocked by the expanded occluder body 10, and the fixing ring closest to any one of the fixing hooks 15 is closed. 17 is sleeved on the outside of any one of the fixing hooks 15, and the expansion form of the occluder body 10 is shaped through the cooperation of the above-mentioned fixing hook 15 and the above-mentioned fixing ring 17. Through the above-mentioned arrangement, the shape of the occluder body 10 is adjusted according to the size of the bronchial fistula, so that the expanded occluder body 10 can adapt to bronchial fistulas of different sizes, thereby improving the use range of the device, eliminating the need for customized production or multi-model inventory, reducing the inventory waste of clinicians and manufacturers and the uncertainties caused by emergency circulation. At the same time, the endoscopic delivery of the occluder body 10 for bronchial fistula occlusion can avoid the harm to patients caused by open surgery and avoid the hidden dangers of wound infection in open surgery.

[0039] Next, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 5 as well as Figure 6 As shown, a plurality of spikes 18 are fixed to the outer side of the waist connection unit 13 by laser welding, and the plurality of spikes 18 are arranged in a circular array on the outer side of the waist connection unit 13 .

[0040] Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of the spur 18 is triangular, and the end of the spur 18 away from the waist connection unit 13 is rounded to prevent the end of the spur 18 away from the waist connection unit 13 from contacting the tissue and piercing the tissue.

[0041] Here, the material of the wire material and the spur 18 constituting the first blocking end 11 , the second blocking end 12 , and the waist connection unit 13 is preferably nickel-titanium alloy.

[0042] In this embodiment, during the process of placing the occluder body 10 at the bronchial fistula, the traction line 16 is pulled to expand the occluder body 10, and when the waist connection unit 13 contacts the tissue at the fistula, the tissue at the bronchial fistula is stimulated by the stab 18, so that granulation tissue at the bronchial fistula grows, the autonomous closure of the bronchial fistula is promoted, the bronchial fistula is healed, and the patient's recovery efficiency is improved.

[0043] Secondly, please also refer to Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The occluder body 10 is equipped with a reset mechanism 20, which includes a first telescopic unit 21, a second telescopic unit 22 and a middle connecting unit 23. The first telescopic unit 21 is fixed to the end of the first blocking end 11 away from the second blocking end 12, the second telescopic unit 22 is fixed to the end of the second blocking end 12 away from the first blocking end 11, and the second telescopic unit 22 is matched with the receiving entrance 14. The middle connecting unit 23 is fixed between the first telescopic unit 21 and the second telescopic unit 22. The shapes of the first telescopic unit 21 and the second telescopic unit 22 are both bellows-shaped. The first telescopic unit 21, the second telescopic unit 22 and the middle connecting unit 23 are all mesh structures woven by metal wires, and the end of the traction wire 16 away from the second blocking end 12 is fixedly connected to the metal wire on the first telescopic unit 21, wherein the materials of the first telescopic unit 21 and the second telescopic unit 22 are both memory alloys, and the material of the middle connecting unit 23 is nickel-titanium alloy;

[0044] Furthermore, the transformation temperature of the first telescopic unit 21 and the second telescopic unit 22 is 20°C to 30°C for the reset mechanism. Specifically, in the present embodiment, when the ambient temperature is higher than the transformation temperature, the first telescopic unit 21 and the second telescopic unit 22 are both in a contracted state, and when the ambient temperature is lower than the transformation temperature, the first telescopic unit 21 and the second telescopic unit 22 are both in an extended state. Preferably, the transformation temperature of the first telescopic unit 21 and the second telescopic unit 22 is 28°C.

[0045] It should be noted that the materials of the first telescopic unit 21 and the second telescopic unit 22 both have a two-way memory effect.

[0046] In this embodiment, when the output end of the occluder body 10 in the initial form is delivered to the bronchial fistula through the endoscope, a cooling medium at 25°C is simultaneously input through the cooling channel of the endoscope to prevent the reset mechanism 20 from being affected by the ambient temperature and changing from the extended form to the contracted form, and the traction line 16 is pulled to expand the occluder body 10 and block the bronchial fistula. After the blocking is completed, the occluder body 10 in the expanded form is fixed by the cooperation of the traction line 16 and the fixing ring 17, the delivery of the cooling medium is stopped, and the traction line 16 located outside the occluder body 10 is cut off and taken out of the body to complete the bronchial fistula blocking. When the occluder body 10 needs to be taken out, the forceps are delivered to the bronchial fistula through the endoscope, and the forceps are used to remove the occluder body 10. The occluder body 10 is cut off by the endoscope, and the limit formed by the traction line 16 and the fixing ring 17 on the occluder body 10 is released. A cooling medium at 25°C is input into the device through an endoscope, so that the ambient temperature at the first telescopic unit 21 and the second telescopic unit 22 is reduced to below 28°C, prompting the first telescopic unit 21 and the second telescopic unit 22 to transform from a contracted state to an extended state. The occluder body 10 is deformed in situ with the cooperation of the first telescopic unit 21, the second telescopic unit 22 and the cooling medium, and is transformed from an expanded state to an initial state. The occluder body 10 in the initial state can be taken out of the patient's body by clamping the occluder body 10 with forceps, so that the medical staff can recover or replace the occluder body 10.

[0047] It should be noted that in the present embodiment, the cooling medium is preferably physiological saline. Of course, the cooling medium may also be pure water, oxygen or other media that will not cause harm to human tissue according to clinical needs, as long as the temperature of the cooling medium is lower than the abnormal temperature of the first telescopic unit 21 and the second telescopic unit 22 when the cooling medium is introduced into the body, and will not cause harm to human tissue (such as frostbite).

[0048] Please refer again Figures 7 and 8 The inner wall of the occluder body 10 is provided with a first biofilm layer 19, and the outer wall of the resetting mechanism 20 is provided with a second biofilm layer 24. The material of the first biofilm layer 19 and the second biofilm layer 24 is one or more of the following materials: polysilicone, silica gel, polytetrafluoroethylene or other biocompatible polymer elastic materials.

[0049] It should be noted that the interior of the occluder body 10 forms a semi-sealed space through the first biofilm layer 19 , and liquid cannot flow into the pleural cavity through the interior of the occluder body 10 .

[0050] In this embodiment, the provision of the first biofilm layer 19 and the second biofilm layer 24 can isolate the gas or liquid circulation between the inner and outer walls of the bronchus, thereby preventing air and / or liquid from flowing from the lungs into the pleural cavity and causing symptoms such as pneumothorax, pleural effusion, dyspnea, cough, sputum, hemoptysis or chest pain in patients.

[0051] In a specific embodiment, a cavity is formed between the occluder body 10 and the reset mechanism 20 through the cooperation of the first biofilm layer 19 and the second biofilm layer 24. In the initial state, the cavity is a sealed space. When the occluder body 10 is taken out, the forceps can be delivered to the bronchial fistula through the forceps channel in the endoscope, and the wires and the first biofilm layer 19 on the occluder body 10 are cut by the forceps. A cooling medium is injected into the cavity through the damaged first biofilm layer 19, thereby prompting the first telescopic unit 21 and the second telescopic unit 22 to transform from a contracted form to an extended form, and drive the occluder body 10 to deform in situ. In this embodiment, the cooling medium will be retained in the cavity to prevent the cooling medium from flowing to other tissues. Of course, this embodiment only lists one operation method, and the cooling medium can also be input into the interior of the reset mechanism 20 to prompt the occluder body 10 to deform in situ. Its specific operation method can be adjusted in combination with actual clinical needs and does not constitute a specific limitation on the device.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, the material of the first biofilm layer 19 and the second biofilm layer 24 contains antibacterial substances, and the antibacterial substances are one or more of the following substances: gold nanoparticles, titanium dioxide nanoparticles, zinc oxide nanoparticles, biological antimicrobial peptides, catalase, glucose oxidase, penicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline or silver ions.

[0053] In this embodiment, the arrangement of the above scheme can have an antibacterial effect and avoid inflammation symptoms at the bronchial fistula.

[0054] The working principle of the present invention is:

[0055] When blocking the bronchial fistula in the patient's body, under the guidance of the imaging device, the occluder body 10 in the initial form is delivered to the bronchial fistula through an endoscope, and 25°C saline is introduced simultaneously to prevent the occluder body 10 from being deformed, and the traction line 16 is pulled to make the occluder body 10 radially expand until the shape of the occluder body 10 reaches the expected shape, and the bronchial fistula is blocked by the occluder body 10 in the expanded form, and the occluder body 10 in the expanded form is shaped by the cooperation of the fixing hook 15 and the fixing ring 17, and the introduction of saline is stopped, and the traction line 16 located outside the occluder body 10 is cut off, so that the expanded occluder body 10 can adapt to bronchial fistulas of different sizes; when the occluder body 10 needs to be removed from the bronchial fistula, the occluder body 10 is removed through the endoscope. The endoscope delivers the forceps to the opening of the bronchial fistula, cuts the traction wire 16 with the forceps, releases the limit formed by the traction wire 16 and the fixing ring 17 on the occluder body 10, and inputs a cooling medium of 25°C into the device through the cooling channel of the endoscope, so that the ambient temperature at the first telescopic unit 21 and the second telescopic unit 22 is reduced to below 28°C, prompting the first telescopic unit 21 and the second telescopic unit 22 to transform from a contracted state to an extended state. The occluder body 10 is deformed in situ with the cooperation of the first telescopic unit 21, the second telescopic unit 22 and the cooling medium, and is transformed from an expanded state to an initial state. The occluder body 10 in the initial state can be taken out of the patient's body by clamping the occluder body 10 with the forceps, so that the medical staff can recover or replace the occluder body 10.

[0056] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention. The structures, devices and operating methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention shall be implemented according to conventional means in the art unless otherwise specified and limited.

Claims

1. A recyclable bronchial fistula occluder, characterized in that: The occluder body (10) comprises a first occluding end (11) and a second occluding end (12); a waist connecting unit (13) is arranged between the first occluding end (11) and the second occluding end (12); the first occluding end (11), the second occluding end (12) and the waist connecting unit (13) are all mesh cage structures formed by weaving wires; a receiving inlet (14) is provided at one end of the second occluding end (12) away from the first occluding end (11); a plurality of fixing hooks (15) are fixed at one end of the second occluding end (12) away from the first occluding end (11); a traction line (16) is arranged inside the first occluding end (11); a plurality of fixing rings (17) are arranged outside the traction line (16); and the fixing rings (17) and the fixing hooks (15) are matched; The traction line (16) is pulled to adjust the shape of the occluder body (10) until the shape of the occluder body (10) reaches the expected shape, and the shape of the occluder body (10) is fixed by the cooperation of the fixing hook (15) and the fixing ring (17).

2. A retrievable bronchial fistula occluder according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of spurs (18) are arranged on the outer side of the waist connection unit (13), and the plurality of spurs (18) are arranged in a circular array on the outer side of the waist connection unit (13).

3. The recyclable bronchial fistula occluder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The occluder body (10) is equipped with a reset mechanism (20) inside, and the reset mechanism (20) includes a first telescopic unit (21), a second telescopic unit (22) and a middle connecting unit (23), the first telescopic unit (21) is fixed to an end of the first blocking end (11) away from the second blocking end (12), the second telescopic unit (22) is fixed to an end of the second blocking end (12) away from the first blocking end (11), and the second telescopic unit (22) is matched with the receiving port (14), and the middle connecting unit (23) is fixed between the first telescopic unit (21) and the second telescopic unit (22), and the first telescopic unit (21) and the second telescopic unit (22) are both in the shape of bellows.

4. A retrievable bronchial fistula occluder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first telescopic unit (21), the second telescopic unit (22) and the middle connecting unit (23) are all mesh structures woven from metal wires, wherein the first telescopic unit (21) and the second telescopic unit (22) are both made of memory alloy.

5. The retrievable bronchial fistula occluder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transformation temperature of the first telescopic unit (21) and the second telescopic unit (22) is 25°C to 30°C.

6. The retrievable bronchial fistula occluder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the occluder body (10) is provided with a first biofilm layer (19), and the outer wall of the resetting mechanism (20) is provided with a second biofilm layer (24). The material of the first biofilm layer (19) and the second biofilm layer (24) is one or more of the following materials: polysilicone, silica gel, and polytetrafluoroethylene.

7. A retrievable bronchial fistula occluder according to claim 6, characterized in that: The materials of the first biofilm layer (19) and the second biofilm layer (24) contain antibacterial substances, and the antibacterial substances are one or more of the following substances: gold nanoparticles, titanium dioxide nanoparticles, zinc oxide nanoparticles, biological antibacterial peptides, catalase, glucose oxidase, penicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline or silver ions.

8. The retrievable bronchial fistula occluder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the traction wire (16) is one of the following materials: silk thread, nylon thread, polypropylene thread, stainless steel wire with nuclear magnetic compatibility, and the material of the fixing ring (17) is metal with nuclear magnetic compatibility.

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