Casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension and a control method thereof. The device can realize high-performance consistency casting of castings and consistency heat treatment of components. The casting is solidified layer by layer by increasing the height of a dynamic suspension mixture of heat-conducting solid particles and gas in the heating cavity from bottom to top, the cooling speed in the casting solidification process can be remarkably increased, the uniformity and consistency of the temperature of all areas during casting solidification are improved, and therefore grains are refined, the secondary dendritic crystal arm spacing is shortened, defects are reduced, and the casting quality is improved. And the residual stress of the solidified casting is reduced, a uniform solidification structure is obtained, and finally the casting with high performance and consistent mechanical properties of all areas is obtained. And meanwhile, the dynamic suspension of the mixture can also realize the rapid heating of the heat treatment component, shorten the heat treatment time, overcome the problem of non-uniform temperature in the traditional heat treatment, and realize the temperature consistency and uniform distribution, thereby obtaining a uniform heat treatment structure and the heat treatment component with consistent mechanical properties in each region.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of digital intelligent casting, and specifically relates to a casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The performance and quality of castings or components depend to a large extent on the formation of their organizational structure during cooling, solidification and heat treatment. The cooling rate and temperature distribution during the cooling and solidification of castings have a direct and far-reaching impact on the grain structure, mechanical properties, residual stress and other properties of the castings. However, most of the traditional casting cooling and solidification processes use air as the heat transfer medium. Due to the weak thermal conductivity of air and the low heat transfer efficiency, the cooling rate of the casting is low, which causes coarse grains, increased spacing between secondary dendrite arms, and induces defects such as pores and cracks, which seriously affect the mechanical properties of the castings. At the same time, the uneven temperature distribution in the air causes the casting to have an uneven temperature distribution during the cooling and solidification process, which leads to inconsistent cooling rates in various regions of the casting, which in turn leads to inconsistent microstructures in various regions, large differences in mechanical properties in various regions and large residual stresses. In the heat treatment process of components, the uniformity of temperature distribution is also crucial. However, traditional heat treatment processes mainly rely on air as a heat transfer medium, which has insufficient thermal conductivity and slows the heating of components during heat treatment. In addition, air heat transfer is easily affected by environmental factors, resulting in significant temperature fluctuations. Especially when heating or heat-insulating complex-shaped components as a whole, different areas may experience significant temperature differences due to uneven heating, and it is impossible to achieve uniform temperature distribution, resulting in inconsistent local evolution of the microstructure and inconsistent mechanical properties in different areas. Therefore, the traditional casting cooling and solidification and component heat treatment processes have significant limitations in temperature uniformity distribution and high-precision temperature control, and it is difficult to meet the high requirements for high-performance consistent casting of castings and consistent heat treatment of components. This deficiency not only limits the improvement of the performance of castings and components, but also significantly affects their reliability in high-performance applications.

[0003] Therefore, it is urgent to provide a new solution to solve the defects and shortcomings in the above-mentioned prior art. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the defects and shortcomings in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension and a control method thereof.

[0005] The technical effects of the present invention are achieved by adopting the following technical solutions: A casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension, characterized in that: it comprises a gas-solid suspension cavity, the top of which is provided with a sealing cover plate; a controllable heating device is provided outside the gas-solid suspension cavity, and the interior of the gas-solid suspension cavity is uniformly filled with a mixture of heat-conducting solid particles and gas; The inner wall of the gas-solid suspension cavity is provided with an infrared temperature sensor and a thermocouple, a heat-conducting solid particle channel is connected between the bottom of the gas-solid suspension cavity and the heat-conducting particle storage device, and a particle control valve and a particle flow controller are installed on the heat-conducting solid particle channel; A gas diversion device and an air inlet channel are provided at the bottom of the gas-solid suspension cavity. A buffer cavity is provided inside the gas diversion device, and the buffer cavity is connected with the inside of the gas-solid suspension cavity through multiple diversion channels. The gas diversion device is connected with the gas storage device through the air inlet channel, and a gas control valve and a gas flow controller are installed on the air inlet channel. The temperature control device is arranged on the top of the base, and a lifting column and a lifting device are installed on one side of the base, wherein the lifting device can move up and down along the lifting column and can rotate around the lifting column; A first crossbeam is connected to one side of the lifting device, and a cooling and solidifying treatment fixture is connected to the bottom of the first crossbeam through a matching device. A porous channel is provided at the bottom of the cooling and solidifying treatment fixture. A casting mold is fixed inside the cooling and solidifying treatment fixture, and a metal melt to be cooled and solidified is poured into the mold cavity of the casting mold. The other side of the lifting device is connected to a second crossbeam; the lower part of the second crossbeam is connected to a heat treatment fixture via a rope, and porous channels are arranged around the heat treatment fixture, and a component to be heat treated is fixed in the heat treatment fixture.

[0006] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heating element of the controllable heating device is selected from at least one or a combination of iron-chromium-aluminum wire, molybdenum wire and tungsten wire.

[0007] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thermally conductive solid particles are selected from at least one or more of carbon, graphite, diamond, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, boron nitride, silicon carbide, carbon nanotubes, graphene, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, gold, silver, copper, aluminum, magnesium, iron and stainless steel.

[0008] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gas medium in the gas storage device is a mixture of at least one or more of water vapor, compressed air, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon, neon, helium, krypton and xenon, and the gas medium is refrigerated or heated gas.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cooling and solidification treatment fixture is fixed to the mold by wedge-shaped fit; and an elastic clamping structure is provided at the bottom of the heat treatment fixture for fixing the component to be heat treated.

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the infrared temperature sensors are evenly distributed layer by layer in the gas-solid suspension cavity to monitor and feedback in real time the temperature of each layer of the heat treatment components and the metal melt to be cooled and solidified in the casting; the thermocouple is arranged at the bottom of the infrared temperature sensor in the gas-solid suspension cavity to monitor in real time the temperature of the mixture of heat-conductive solid particles and gas to determine whether the preset temperature is reached.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat-conductive solid particles can flow out of the heat-conductive solid particle storage device and can flow into the heat-conductive solid particle storage device through the particle control valve; the flow rate and pressure of the heat-conductive solid particles in the heat-conductive solid particle channel are controlled by the particle flow controller; The gas control valve is used to control the gas to flow out of the gas storage device; the gas flow rate and pressure regulation in the air inlet channel are controlled by the gas flow controller.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control priority of the gas control valve is higher than the control priority of the particle control valve; the control priority of the gas flow controller is higher than the control priority of the particle flow controller; When the input gas is controlled by the gas control valve and the gas flow controller, the control priority of the gas pressure is higher than the control priority of the gas flow, and the control priority of the gas flow is higher than the control priority of the input gas time.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass of particles to be supplemented in the gas-solid suspension cavity satisfies the following formula: M 补 =K1×Q 气 ×ρ 固 ×t in, M 补 is the mass of particles to be supplemented, kg; K1 is a coefficient related to the density characteristics of the heat-conducting solid particles, and its value is determined according to the density of the heat-conducting solid particles; Q 气 is the gas flow rate, m³ / s; ρ 固 is the density of the heat-conducting solid particles in the gas-solid suspension cavity, kg / m³; t is the time of gas input, s; The height of the heat-conducting solid particles and the gas mixture inside the gas-solid suspension cavity satisfies the following formula: H=K2×P / P0×h+H0 in, H is the height of the heat-conducting solid particles and gas mixture, mm; K2 is a coefficient related to the density characteristics of the heat-conducting solid particles, and its value is determined according to the density of the heat-conducting solid particles; P is the pressure of the input gas, bar; P0 is the reference value selected for dimensionless, P0=1bar; h is the reference value selected for converting air pressure to height, h=1mm; H0 is the initial height of the heat-conducting solid particles and gas mixture, mm.

[0014] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a control method for a casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: Step S1: rotating the lifting device so that the casting mold with the molten metal to be cooled and solidified in the mold cavity is located above the gas-solid suspension cavity; opening the sealing cover plate, and then controlling the lifting device to descend, and slowly descending the casting mold with the molten metal to be cooled and solidified in the mold cavity fixed in the cooling and solidification treatment fixture to a preset height in the gas-solid suspension cavity, so that the casting mold with the molten metal to be cooled and solidified in the mold cavity completely enters the gas-solid suspension cavity; Step S2: according to the structural characteristics of the mold in which the metal melt to be cooled and solidified is poured, the particle control valve is opened to control the heat-conductive solid particles to enter the gas-solid suspension cavity from the heat-conductive solid particle storage device through the heat-conductive solid particle channel, and at the same time, the gas control valve is opened to control the gas to enter the gas-solid suspension cavity from the gas storage device through the gas inlet channel; Step S3: respectively adjusting the particle supply amount and the gas flow rate by the particle flow controller and the gas flow controller, so that the heat-conducting solid particles and the gas mixture inside the gas-solid suspension cavity form a uniform gas-solid dynamic suspension state and reach a preset height, so that the heat-conducting solid particles and the gas mixture can completely cover the casting mold in which the metal melt to be cooled and solidified is poured in the mold cavity; Step S4: after the cooling and solidification of the metal melt to be cooled and solidified is completed, the gas input is stopped and the particle control valve is opened to allow the heat-conducting solid particles to reflux, so that the height of the heat-conducting solid particles is gradually reduced until they are separated from the cooling and solidification treatment fixture, and the cooling and solidification treatment fixture is slowly lifted from the gas-solid suspension cavity by the lifting device until the cooling and solidification treatment fixture is separated from the gas-solid suspension cavity; then the casting is taken out of the cooling and solidification treatment fixture, and finally the casting that has been cooled and solidified is taken out of the casting; Step S5: rotating the lifting device so that the component to be heat treated is located above the gas-solid suspension cavity; opening the particle control valve to control the heat-conductive solid particles to enter the gas-solid suspension cavity from the heat-conductive particle storage device through the heat-conductive solid particle channel, and at the same time opening the gas control valve to control the gas to enter the gas-solid suspension cavity from the gas storage device through the air inlet channel, and correspondingly adjusting the particle supply amount and the gas flow rate through the particle flow controller and the gas flow controller respectively, so that the heat-conductive solid particles and the gas mixture inside the gas-solid suspension cavity form a uniform gas-solid dynamic suspension state and reach a preset height, so that the heat-conductive solid particles and the gas mixture can completely cover the component to be heat treated; Step S6: presetting the target temperature in the gas-solid suspension chamber according to the required heat treatment process requirements of the component to be heat treated, accurately heating the mixture of the heat-conductive solid particles and the gas through an external controllable heating device, and monitoring the temperature of the mixture of the heat-conductive solid particles and the gas in real time through a thermocouple until the temperature of the mixture of the heat-conductive solid particles and the gas reaches the preset target temperature; Step S7: Open the sealing cover plate, and then control the lifting device to descend, and slowly descend the component to be heat-treated fixed in the heat treatment fixture to a preset height in the gas-solid suspension chamber, so that the component to be heat-treated completely enters the gas-solid suspension chamber and is immersed in the mixture of dynamically suspended heat-conductive solid particles and gas, and then heat-treats it; Step S8: When the heat treatment reaches the preset time, the heating power of the controllable heating device is gradually reduced, and the gas flow rate is controlled to be reduced at the same time, so that the component to be heat treated is gradually cooled to a safe temperature range under controlled conditions; then, the gas input is stopped, and after the particles in the gas-solid suspension chamber are reduced to separate from the heat treatment fixture, the heat treatment fixture is slowly lifted from the gas-solid suspension chamber by the lifting device until the heat treatment fixture is separated from the gas-solid suspension chamber; then the component to be heat treated that has completed the heat treatment is taken out from the heat treatment fixture.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects achieved by the present invention include: 1) The present invention provides a casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension and a control method thereof, which forms a stable gas-solid dynamic suspension state by utilizing the dynamic synergistic effect of heat-conducting solid particles and gas, thereby achieving high performance and consistency casting of the metal melt to be cooled and solidified in the casting mold and consistent heat treatment of the component to be heat treated.

[0016] 2) The present invention provides a casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension and a control method thereof. Through the dynamic suspension of heat-conducting solid particles and a gas mixture, the rapid synergistic heat exchange and dynamic flow mechanism of the heat-conducting particles and the gas are utilized to significantly enhance the cooling rate of the metal melt during the cooling and solidification process in the casting mold, thereby not only improving the cooling efficiency, but also effectively promoting the refinement of the grains, shortening the secondary dendrite arm spacing, and thereby improving the mechanical properties of the casting.

[0017] 3) The present invention provides a casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension and a control method thereof, which realizes layer-by-layer cooling and solidification of the metal melt to be cooled and solidified in the mold by raising the dynamic suspension height of the heat-conducting solid particles and gas mixture from bottom to top. This method can replenish the metal melt in time to compensate for shrinkage, ensuring effective compensation for the volume shrinkage of the casting during the cooling and solidification process, thereby effectively reducing the generation of defects in the casting, such as pores, shrinkage holes, cracks, etc., and significantly improving the mechanical properties and reliability of the casting after cooling and solidification.

[0018] 4) The present invention provides a casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension and a control method thereof. By adopting the dynamic suspension technology of heat-conducting solid particles and gas mixture, the temperature uniformity and cooling rate consistency of the entire casting during the cooling and solidification process are ensured, thereby effectively ensuring the microstructural consistency of each region of the casting during the cooling and solidification process, and further achieving the consistency of the mechanical properties of each region of the casting after cooling and solidification are completed.

[0019] 5) The present invention provides a casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension and a control method thereof. By adopting the dynamic suspension technology of heat-conducting solid particles and gas mixture, it not only significantly improves the temperature uniformity of the cooling and solidification process of the metal melt to be cooled and solidified poured into the mold cavity, but also effectively overcomes the shrinkage inconsistency problem caused by local temperature unevenness in the traditional casting process, thereby significantly reducing the residual stress of the casting. In this way, the temperature of each area of ​​the mold is kept consistent during the cooling and solidification process, thereby obtaining a high-performance casting with low residual stress.

[0020] 6) The present invention provides a casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension and a control method thereof, which forms a stable and efficient gas-solid dynamic suspension state by dynamically suspending a mixture of heat-conducting solid particles and gas in a heating chamber, utilizing the rapid convection heat exchange characteristics of the heat-conducting particles and gas and the dynamic flow process of the particles, thereby significantly improving the uniformity of temperature. This method can not only achieve rapid heating of the component to be heat-treated and shorten the heat treatment time, but also effectively overcome the problem of uneven temperature in the traditional heat treatment process and the inconsistent local evolution of the microstructure caused by uneven temperature, and achieve the uniformity of temperature in each region of the component during the heat treatment process and the high consistency of the evolution of the microstructure, so that the mechanical properties of each region of the component can achieve consistency and high reliability.

[0021] 7) The present invention provides a casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension and a control method thereof. The same device can be used to realize the cooling and solidification process of the metal melt to be cooled and solidified in the casting mold and the heat treatment process of the component to be heat treated. On the one hand, timely subsequent heat treatment of the casting obtained by cooling and solidification can be realized. At the same time, subsequent heat treatment of the casting with casting residual heat can reduce the energy consumption of heat treatment. On the other hand, it can significantly save resource space and increase the scope of application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the temperature control treatment device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the casting mold provided by the present invention, wherein a molten metal to be cooled and solidified is poured into the casting mold, and a casting is formed after the molten metal is cooled and solidified; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a component to be heat treated provided by the present invention; Figure 4 A flow chart of steps S1 to S4 in the control method provided by the present invention; Figure 5 A flow chart of steps S6 to S8 in the control method provided by the present invention; In the figure: 1-controllable heating device; 2-gas-solid suspension cavity; 3-infrared temperature sensor; 4-thermocouple; 5-thermal conductive solid particles; 6-lifting column; 7-base; 8-gas diversion device; 9-air inlet channel; 10-1-particle control valve; 10-2-gas control valve; 11-thermal conductive solid particle channel; 12-sealing cover plate; 13-cooling and solidification treatment fixture; 14-metal melt to be cooled and solidified; 15-casting mold; 16-matching device; 17-crossbeam; 18-lifting device; 19-crossbeam; 20-rope; 21-heat treatment fixture; 22-component; 23-elastic supporting structure; 24-thermal conductive particle storage device; 25-gas storage device; 26-1-particle flow controller; 26-2-gas flow controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "two ends", "one end", "the other end" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] like Figure 1The figure shows a casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension provided by the present invention, comprising a gas-solid suspension cavity 2, a sealing cover plate 12 being arranged on the top of the gas-solid suspension cavity 2; a controllable heating device 1 is arranged outside the gas-solid suspension cavity 2, and the interior of the gas-solid suspension cavity 2 is uniformly filled with a mixture of heat-conductive solid particles 5 and gas, and through the synergistic effect of the heat-conductive solid particles 5 and the gas, the consistency-enhanced cooling of the casting to be cooled and solidified during the cooling and solidification process and the high-temperature uniformity heat treatment process of the component to be heat treated are achieved; in this embodiment, the heating element of the controllable heating device 1 is selected from a combination of at least one or more of iron-chromium-aluminum wire, molybdenum wire and tungsten wire.

[0027] The inner wall of the gas-solid suspension cavity 2 is provided with an infrared temperature sensor 3 and a thermocouple 4. The infrared temperature sensor 3 is used to monitor the real-time temperature distribution of the casting to be cooled and solidified and the component to be heat treated in real time, so as to ensure the uniformity and accuracy of the temperature of the casting to be cooled and solidified during the cooling and solidification process and the component to be heat treated during the heat treatment process; the thermocouple 4 is used to monitor the temperature of the heat-conducting solid particles 5 and the gas mixture in real time to determine whether the temperature of the mixture reaches the preset temperature; A heat-conducting solid particle channel 11 is connected between the bottom of the gas-solid suspension cavity 2 and the heat-conducting particle storage device 24 to replenish the heat-conducting solid particles 5 into the gas-solid suspension cavity 2 or recover the heat-conducting solid particles 5 from the gas-solid suspension cavity 2. A particle control valve 10-1 and a particle flow controller 26-1 are installed on the heat-conducting solid particle channel 11. The particle control valve 10-1 controls the heat-conducting solid particles 5 to flow out of the heat-conducting particle storage device 24 and to flow into the heat-conducting particle storage device 24; the particle flow controller 26-1 controls the flow rate and pressure regulation of the heat-conducting solid particles 5 in the heat-conducting solid particle channel 11; in this embodiment, the heat-conducting solid particles 5 are selected from at least one or more combinations of carbon, graphite, diamond, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, boron nitride, silicon carbide, carbon nanotubes, graphene, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, gold, silver, copper, aluminum, magnesium, iron and stainless steel.

[0028] A gas diversion device 8 and an air inlet channel 9 are provided at the bottom of the gas-solid suspension chamber 2. A buffer chamber is provided inside the gas diversion device 8, and the buffer chamber is communicated with the inside of the gas-solid suspension chamber 2 through multiple diversion channels. The buffer chamber is used to temporarily store gas, and the diversion channels are used to ensure that the airflow is evenly distributed when released, thereby forming a stable gas-solid suspension state. The gas diversion device 8 is connected to the gas storage device 25 through the air inlet channel 9. A gas control valve 10-2 and a gas flow controller 26-2 are installed on the air inlet channel 9. The gas control valve 10-2 controls the gas to flow from the gas storage device 25 to the gas storage device 25. It is worth noting that the gas is not recovered. This is because during the heat treatment or cooling process, the cooling and solidification treatment fixture 13 and the heat treatment fixture 21 are both set as an open environment, and the gas can directly overflow into the air; the gas flow rate and pressure regulation in the air inlet channel 9 are controlled by the gas flow controller 26-2; in this embodiment, the gas medium in the gas storage device 25 is a mixture of at least one or more of water vapor, compressed air, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon, neon, helium, krypton and xenon, and the gas medium is a refrigerated or heated gas.

[0029] The casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension provided in this embodiment is arranged on the top of the base 7, and a lifting column 6 and a lifting device 18 are installed on one side of the base 7, wherein the lifting device 18 can move up and down along the lifting column 6 and can rotate around the lifting column 6; the lifting action of the lifting device 18 is used to put the casting to be cooled and solidified and the component to be heat treated into the gas-solid suspension cavity 2 or take it out from the gas-solid suspension cavity 2, and the lifting device 18 is used to rotate around the lifting column 6 to switch the casting to be cooled and solidified and the component to be heat treated to the upper position of the gas-solid suspension cavity 2.

[0030] A first crossbeam 17 is connected to one side of the lifting device 18, and a cooling and solidification treatment fixture 13 is connected to the bottom of the first crossbeam 17. A porous channel is provided at the bottom of the cooling and solidification treatment fixture 13 for the inflow of a mixture of heat-conducting solid particles and gas. A casting mold 15 in which a metal melt 14 to be cooled and solidified is poured in a mold cavity is fixed inside the cooling and solidification treatment fixture 13. In this embodiment, the cooling and solidification treatment fixture 13 and the casting mold 15 are fixed by a wedge-shaped fit, thereby further improving the positioning stability of the casting mold 15 inside the cooling and solidification treatment fixture 13, thereby ensuring that the cooling process is uniform, sufficient and stable.

[0031] A second crossbeam 19 is connected to the other side of the lifting device 18; a heat treatment fixture 21 is connected to the bottom of the second crossbeam 19 through a rope 20, and porous channels are arranged around the heat treatment fixture 21 for the inflow of a mixture of heat-conducting solid particles and gas. A component 22 to be heat treated is fixed in the heat treatment fixture 21. In this embodiment, an elastic clamping structure 23 is arranged at the bottom of the heat treatment fixture 21 for fixing the component 22 to be heat treated, thereby further improving the positioning stability of the component 22 to be heat treated inside the heat treatment fixture 21, thereby ensuring that the heat treatment process is carried out uniformly, fully and stably.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the infrared temperature sensors 3 in this embodiment are evenly distributed layer by layer in the gas-solid suspension cavity 2 to monitor and feedback the temperature of each layer of the casting to be cooled and solidified during the cooling and solidification process in real time, so as to achieve a uniform cooling and solidification effect for each layer of the casting to be cooled and solidified during the cooling and solidification process; the thermocouple 4 is arranged at the bottom of the infrared temperature sensor 3 in the gas-solid suspension cavity 2 to monitor the temperature of the mixture of heat-conductive solid particles 5 and gas in real time to determine whether the temperature required for heat treatment of the component to be heat treated 22 is reached.

[0033] In this embodiment, the mass of the heat-conducting solid particles to be added to the gas-solid suspension cavity 2 satisfies the following formula: M 补 =K1×Q 气 ×ρ 固 ×t in, M 补 is the mass of particles to be supplemented, kg; K1 is a coefficient related to the density characteristics of the heat-conducting solid particles, and its value is determined according to the density of the heat-conducting solid particles; Q 气 is the gas flow rate, m³ / s; ρ 固 is the density of the heat-conducting solid particles in the gas-solid suspension cavity, kg / m³; t is the time of gas input, s; The height of the heat-conducting solid particles 5 and the gas mixture inside the gas-solid suspension cavity 2 satisfies the following formula: H=K2×P / P0×h+H0 in, H is the height of the heat-conducting solid particles 5 and the gas mixture, mm; K2 is a coefficient related to the density characteristics of the heat-conducting solid particles, and its value is determined according to the density of the heat-conducting solid particles; P is the pressure of the input gas, bar; P0 is the reference value selected for dimensionless, P0=1bar; h is the reference value selected for converting air pressure to height, h=1mm; H0 is the initial height of the heat-conducting solid particles 5 and gas mixture, mm.

[0034] It can be seen that when the type of heat-conducting solid particles 5 is selected, the mass of the particles to be supplemented and the height of the heat-conducting solid particles 5 and the gas mixture are related to the parameters of the gas, so it can be set to open the gas control valve 10-2 first and then open the particle control valve 10-1, so as to determine the mass of the particles to be supplemented and the height of the heat-conducting solid particles 5 and the gas mixture in the current gas-solid suspension cavity 2 according to the parameters such as the pressure, flow rate and time of the input gas, so as to further confirm the required supplementary amount and supplementary height of the particles entering the gas-solid suspension cavity 2. At the same time, the remaining mixed gas can be pre-exhausted for the heat-conducting solid particles 5 entering the gas-solid suspension cavity 2 to provide a stable dynamic suspension environment.

[0035] During the cooling, solidification and heat treatment process, it is also necessary to give priority to adjusting the gas flow controller, so as to adjust the flow of the heat-conducting solid particles 5 accordingly according to the adjustment result of the gas flow controller; in addition, when the input gas is controlled by the gas control valve 10-2 and the gas flow controller 26-2, the control priority of the gas pressure is higher than the control priority of the gas flow, and the control priority of the gas flow is higher than the control priority of the time of the input gas. The purpose of this setting is that the gas pressure directly affects the dynamic suspension state and high stability of the gas-solid mixture. The appropriate gas pressure can ensure the uniform dynamic suspension of the gas-solid mixture and the uniform coverage of the casting or component, thereby ensuring the uniform distribution of the temperature field during the cooling, solidification or heat treatment process, and ensuring the realization of the beneficial effects of the cooling, solidification or heat treatment process. The gas flow rate affects the flow rate of the gas-solid mixture and the dynamic stability of the particle suspension, thereby indirectly affecting the efficiency and uniformity of heat conduction during the cooling, solidification or heat treatment process. The gas input time mainly affects the continuity and stage of the process, and has little direct impact on the real-time process.

[0036] The present invention also provides a control method for a casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension, comprising the following steps: Step S1: rotating the lifting device 18 so that the casting mold 15 with the molten metal 14 to be cooled and solidified poured in the mold cavity is located above the gas-solid suspension cavity 2; opening the sealing cover plate 12, and then controlling the lifting device 18 to descend, and slowly descending the casting mold 15 with the molten metal 14 to be cooled and solidified poured in the mold cavity fixed in the cooling and solidification treatment fixture 13 to a preset height in the gas-solid suspension cavity 2, so that the casting mold 15 with the molten metal 14 to be cooled and solidified poured in the mold cavity completely enters the gas-solid suspension cavity 2; Step S2: according to the structural characteristics of the mold 15 in which the metal melt 14 to be cooled and solidified is poured, the particle control valve 10-1 is opened to control the heat-conductive solid particles 5 to enter the gas-solid suspension cavity 2 from the heat-conductive solid particle storage device 24 through the heat-conductive solid particle channel 11, and at the same time, the gas control valve 10-2 is opened to control the gas to enter the gas-solid suspension cavity 2 from the gas storage device 25 through the gas inlet channel 9; Step S3: respectively adjusting the particle supply amount and the gas flow rate through the particle flow controller 26-1 and the gas flow controller 26-2, so that the heat-conducting solid particles 5 and the gas mixture inside the gas-solid suspension cavity 2 form a uniform gas-solid dynamic suspension state and reach a preset height, so that the heat-conducting solid particles 5 and the gas mixture can completely cover the mold 15 in which the metal melt 14 to be cooled and solidified is poured in the mold cavity, so as to optimize the cooling effect of the casting to be cooled and solidified; Step S4: after the cooling of the to-be-cooled and solidified metal melt 14 is completed, the gas input is stopped and the particle control valve 10-1 is opened to allow the heat-conducting solid particles 5 to reflux, so that the height of the heat-conducting solid particles 5 is gradually reduced until it is reduced to be separated from the cooling and solidification treatment fixture 13, and then the cooling and solidification treatment fixture 13 is slowly lifted from the gas-solid suspension cavity 2 by the lifting device 18 until the cooling and solidification treatment fixture 13 is separated from the gas-solid suspension cavity 2; then the casting 15 is taken out of the cooling and solidification treatment fixture 13, and finally the cooling and solidified casting is taken out of the casting 15, so that it can enter the subsequent processing stage; Step S5: rotating the lifting device 18 so that the component to be heat-treated 22 is located above the gas-solid suspension cavity 2; opening the particle control valve 10-1, controlling the heat-conductive solid particles 5 to enter the gas-solid suspension cavity 2 from the heat-conductive solid particle storage device 24 through the heat-conductive solid particle channel 11, and at the same time opening the gas control valve 10-2, controlling the gas to enter the gas-solid suspension cavity 2 from the gas storage device 25 through the air inlet channel 9, and correspondingly adjusting the particle supply amount and the gas flow rate through the particle flow controller 26-1 and the gas flow controller 26-2 respectively, so that the heat-conductive solid particles 5 and the gas mixture inside the gas-solid suspension cavity 2 form a uniform gas-solid dynamic suspension state, and reach a preset height, so that the heat-conductive solid particles 5 and the gas mixture can completely cover the component to be heat-treated 22; Step S6: according to the required heat treatment process requirements of the component to be heat treated 22, the target temperature in the gas-solid suspension cavity 2 is pre-set, the mixture of the heat-conductive solid particles 5 and the gas is accurately heated by the external controllable heating device 1, and the temperature of the heat-conductive solid particles 5 and the gas mixture is monitored in real time by the thermocouple 4 until the temperature of the heat-conductive solid particles and the gas mixture reaches the preset target temperature, thereby achieving uniform heat transfer; Step S7: Open the sealing cover plate 12, and then control the lifting device 18 to descend, and slowly descend the component to be heat-treated 22 fixed in the heat treatment fixture 20 to a preset height in the gas-solid suspension chamber 2, so that the component to be heat-treated 22 completely enters the gas-solid suspension chamber 2 and is immersed in the mixture of the dynamically suspended heat-conductive solid particles 5 and the gas, and then heat-treats it; Step S8: When the heat treatment reaches the preset time, the heating power of the controllable heating device 1 is gradually reduced, and the gas flow rate is controlled to be reduced at the same time, so that the component 22 to be heat treated is gradually cooled to a safe temperature range under controlled conditions; then, the gas input is stopped, and after the particles in the gas-solid suspension chamber 2 are reduced to separate from the heat treatment fixture 21, the heat treatment fixture 21 is slowly lifted from the gas-solid suspension chamber 2 by the lifting device 18 until the heat treatment fixture 21 is separated from the gas-solid suspension chamber 2; then the component 22 to be heat treated that has completed the heat treatment is taken out from the heat treatment fixture 21 so that it can enter the subsequent processing stage.

[0037] [Specific embodiment of cooling process] The specific scheme of the cooling process in the book application is described in detail below from Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 1.

[0038] [Example 1] The cooling and solidification process steps of the Al9Si0.45Mg0.12Ti casting to be cooled and solidified using the casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension are as follows: open the sealing cover plate, and use the lifting device to put the Al9Si0.45Mg0.12Ti casting to be cooled and solidified, which is fixed on the cooling and solidification treatment fixture and has a gradually changing cross-sectional area along the height direction, into the gas-solid suspension cavity; according to the structural characteristics of the casting and the height of each layer, gradually open the control valve to allow the gas to enter the gas-solid suspension cavity from the gas storage device through the air inlet channel, and the heat-conductive solid particles SiC enter the gas-solid suspension cavity from the heat-conductive particle storage device through the heat-conductive solid particle channel, and use the flow control device to control the gas-solid suspension cavity. The device accurately adjusts the flow rate, pressure of the gas and the flow rate of the heat-conducting solid particles SiC respectively, so that the heat-conducting solid particles SiC and the gas mixture cover the casting layer by layer and ensure that the concentration of the heat-conducting solid particles SiC and the gas mixture at different heights remains constant at 50%, thereby realizing layer-by-layer cooling enhancement of the solidification process of the casting, improving cooling efficiency, enhancing cooling uniformity and reducing thermal stress; after the metal melt in the casting is completely solidified, stop inputting gas, open the control valve to allow the heat-conducting solid particles SiC to reflux, and after the boiling cooling medium descends, use the lifting device to take the casting fixed in the cooling and solidification treatment fixture out of the gas-solid suspension cavity, and then take the casting out of the mold for post-processing.

[0039] The post-treatment is to apply T6 heat treatment to the casting, including 500 ºC solution treatment for 8 hours, 70 ºC hot water quenching, and 200 ºC aging treatment for 12 hours, thereby obtaining a high-performance Al9Si0.45Mg0.12Ti (wt%) aluminum alloy casting with a defect rate of 0.09%, a maximum defect of 42 um, a grain size of 26um, a residual stress of 6 MPa, a yield strength of 286 MPa, a tensile strength of 312 MPa, and an elongation of 8.5%.

[0040] [Example 2] The cooling and solidification process steps of the Al9Si0.45Mg0.12Ti casting to be cooled and solidified using the casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension are as follows: open the sealing cover plate, and use the lifting device to place the Al9Si0.45Mg0.12Ti casting to be cooled and solidified, which is fixed on the cooling and solidification treatment fixture and has a gradually changing cross-sectional area along the height direction, into the gas-solid suspension cavity; according to the structural characteristics of the casting and the height of each layer, gradually open the control valve to allow the gas to enter the gas-solid suspension cavity from the gas storage device through the air inlet channel, and the heat-conductive solid particles SiC enter the gas-solid suspension cavity from the heat-conductive particle storage device through the heat-conductive solid particle channel, and use the flow controller to accurately adjust the flow, pressure and conductivity of the gas respectively. The flow rate of hot solid particles SiC makes the heat-conducting solid particles SiC and the gas mixture cover the casting layer by layer and ensure that the concentration of the heat-conducting solid particles SiC and the gas mixture at different heights remains constant at 70%, thereby realizing layer-by-layer cooling enhancement in the solidification process of the casting, thereby realizing layer-by-layer cooling enhancement in the solidification process of the casting, improving cooling efficiency, improving cooling uniformity and reducing thermal stress; after the metal melt in the casting is completely solidified, stop inputting gas, open the control valve to allow the heat-conducting solid particles SiC to reflux, and after the boiling cooling medium descends, use the lifting device to take the cooling and solidification treatment fixture out of the gas-solid suspension cavity, then take the casting out of the cooling and solidification treatment fixture, and finally take the casting out of the casting for post-processing.

[0041] The post-treatment is to apply T6 heat treatment to the casting, including 500 ºC solution treatment for 8h, 70 ºC hot water quenching, and 200 ºC aging treatment for 12h, thereby obtaining a high-performance Al9Si0.45Mg0.12Ti (wt%) aluminum alloy casting with a defect rate of 0.07%, a maximum defect of 36 um, a grain size of 23 um, a residual stress of 4 MPa, a yield strength of 295 MPa, a tensile strength of 324 MPa, and an elongation of 9.6%.

[0042] [Example 3] The cooling and solidification process steps of the Al9Si0.45Mg0.12Ti casting to be cooled and solidified using the casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension are as follows: open the sealing cover plate, and use the lifting device to place the Al9Si0.45Mg0.12Ti casting to be cooled and solidified, which is fixed on the cooling and solidification treatment fixture and has a gradually changing cross-sectional area along the height direction, into the gas-solid suspension cavity; according to the structural characteristics of the casting and the height of each layer, gradually open the control valve to allow the gas to enter the gas-solid suspension cavity from the gas storage device through the air inlet channel, and the heat-conductive solid particles BN enter the gas-solid suspension cavity from the heat-conductive particle storage device through the heat-conductive solid particle channel, and use the flow controller to accurately adjust the flow rate of the gas-solid suspension cavity, respectively. The flow rate, pressure and flow rate of the heat-conducting solid particles BN are regulated, so that the heat-conducting solid particles BN and the gas mixture cover the casting layer by layer and ensure that the concentration of the heat-conducting solid particles BN and the gas mixture at different heights remains constant at 70%, thereby realizing layer-by-layer cooling enhancement of the solidification process of the casting, improving cooling efficiency, enhancing cooling uniformity and reducing thermal stress; after the molten metal in the casting is completely solidified, stop inputting gas, open the control valve to allow the heat-conducting solid particles BN to reflux, and after the boiling cooling medium descends, use the lifting device to remove the cooling and solidification treatment fixture from the gas-solid suspension cavity, then remove the casting from the cooling and solidification treatment fixture, and finally remove the casting from the casting for post-processing.

[0043] The post-treatment is to apply T6 heat treatment to the casting, including 500 ºC solution treatment for 8h, 70 ºC hot water quenching, and 200 ºC aging treatment for 12h, thereby obtaining a high-performance Al9Si0.45Mg0.12Ti (wt.%) aluminum alloy casting with a defect rate of 0.05%, a maximum defect of 28 um, a grain size of 16 um, a residual stress of 3 MPa, a yield strength of 304 MPa, a tensile strength of 346 MPa, and an elongation of 13.7%.

[0044] [Example 4] The cooling and solidification process steps of the Al9Si0.45Mg0.12Ti casting to be cooled and solidified using the casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension are as follows: open the sealing cover plate, and use the lifting device to place the Al9Si0.45Mg0.12Ti casting to be cooled and solidified, which is fixed on the cooling and solidification treatment fixture and has a gradually changing cross-sectional area along the height direction, into the gas-solid suspension cavity; according to the structural characteristics of the casting and the height of each layer, gradually open the control valve to allow the gas to enter the gas-solid suspension cavity from the gas storage device through the air inlet channel, and the heat-conductive solid particles AlN enter the gas-solid suspension cavity from the heat-conductive particle storage device through the heat-conductive solid particle channel, and use the flow controller to accurately adjust the gas flow rate, flow rate, and flow rate of the gas and solid particles, respectively. The flow rate, pressure and flow rate of the heat-conducting solid particles AlN are adjusted, so that the heat-conducting solid particles AlN and the gas mixture cover the casting layer by layer and ensure that the concentration of the heat-conducting solid particles AlN and the gas mixture at different heights remains constant at 70%, thereby realizing layer-by-layer cooling enhancement during the solidification process of the casting, improving cooling efficiency, enhancing cooling uniformity and reducing thermal stress; after the metal melt in the casting is completely solidified, stop inputting gas, open the control valve to allow the heat-conducting solid particles AlN to reflux, and after the boiling cooling medium descends, use the lifting device to take the cooling and solidification treatment fixture out of the gas-solid suspension cavity, then take the casting out of the cooling and solidification treatment fixture, and finally take the casting out of the casting for post-processing.

[0045] The post-treatment is to apply T6 heat treatment to the casting, including 500 ºC solution treatment for 8h, 70 ºC hot water quenching, and 200 ºC aging treatment for 12h, thereby obtaining a high-performance Al9Si0.45Mg0.12Ti (wt.%) aluminum alloy casting with a defect rate of 0.03%, a maximum defect of 22 um, a grain size of 12 um, a residual stress of 1 MPa, a yield strength of 318 MPa, a tensile strength of 374 MPa, and an elongation of 16.7%.

[0046] [Comparative Example 1] The selected castings are all Al9Si0.45Mg0.12Ti (wt.%) aluminum alloy castings with variable cross-sectional area in the height direction to be cooled and solidified. The traditional solidification process is carried out in the air. After solidification, T6 heat treatment is applied to it, including 500 ℃ solution treatment for 12h, 70 ℃ hot water quenching, and 200 ℃ aging treatment for 120h. The Al9Si0.45Mg0.12Ti (wt.%) aluminum alloy castings with a defect rate of 0.65%, a maximum defect of 1584 um, a grain size of 125 um, a residual stress of 46 MPa, a yield strength of 272 MPa, a tensile strength of 298 MPa, and an elongation of 1.4% are obtained.

[0047] like Figure 2 Shown is a schematic diagram of the basic dimensions and measurement points of the castings uniformly adopted in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Example 1.

[0048] Table 1 Casting process parameters used in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Example 1 Table 2 Casting parameters and mechanical properties obtained in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Example 1 Table 3 Mechanical properties of regions A, B and C of Example 4 and Comparative Example 1 Technology Yield strength at point A (MPa) Yield strength at point B (MPa) Yield strength at point C (MPa) Tensile strength at point A (MPa) Tensile strength at point B (MPa) Tensile strength at point C (MPa) Elongation at point A (%) Elongation at point B (%) Elongation at point C (%) Example 4 319 315 322 372 370 376 16.7 16.5 16.9 Comparative Example 1 268 254 288 284 272 302 1.2 0.7 1.6 It can be seen from Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3 that the dynamic suspension of heat-conducting solid particles and gas in the casting after the cooling and solidification process steps of the present invention significantly enhances the cooling rate of the casting during solidification, and significantly improves the temperature uniformity, ensuring the temperature consistency of the casting during the cooling and solidification process. By adjusting the gas pressure and flow rate of the boiling cooling medium, each part of the casting can achieve a consistent high cooling rate, thereby effectively refining the grains, shortening the secondary dendrite arm spacing, ensuring that the microstructure and mechanical properties of each region of the casting show a high degree of consistency, obtaining a uniformly solidified structure, reducing defects, reducing the residual stress of the casting after solidification, and obtaining a uniformly solidified structure, and finally making the casting show a lower defect rate, a smaller maximum defect, a finer grain size, a lower residual stress, a higher yield strength, a higher tensile strength and a higher elongation in performance, and at the same time obtaining a high-performance casting with consistent mechanical properties in each region.

[0049] [Specific embodiment of heat treatment process] The specific scheme of the heat treatment process in the book application is described in detail below from Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5.

[0050] [Example 1] The heat treatment process steps of the Al7Si0.3Mg0.12Ti component using the casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension are as follows: open the control valve to allow the flow of gas and heat-conductive solid particles, and use the flow controller to accurately adjust the gas flow and the supply of heat-conductive solid particles, control the mixture of heat-conductive solid particles and gas in the gas-solid suspension cavity to be suspended to a specified height so that it can completely cover the component; according to the heat treatment process requirements required for the Al7Si0.3Mg0.12Ti component, the target temperature of the gas-solid suspension cavity is pre-set to 540°C, and the insulation time is set to 8h. The mixture of heat-conducting solid particles and gas is precisely heated by an external controllable heating device, and the temperature is monitored in real time by a thermocouple until the temperature in the solid suspension chamber reaches 540°C; the sealing cover is opened, and the Al7Si0.3Mg0.12Ti component to be solid solution heat treated fixed in the heat treatment fixture is slowly lowered to a specified height in the gas-solid suspension chamber by a lifting device to ensure that the component is completely immersed in the mixture of heat-conducting solid particles and gas in a suspended state; the temperature of the component is monitored in real time by an infrared temperature sensor during the heat treatment process; when the heat treatment reaches the preset time of 8h, the power of the heating device is gradually reduced, and the gas flow rate is controlled at the same time, so that the component is gradually cooled to a safe temperature range under controlled conditions. Subsequently, the gas input is stopped, and after the particles in the gas-solid suspension chamber have dropped, the heat treatment fixture is removed from the gas-solid suspension chamber, and then the component is removed from the heat treatment fixture to enter the subsequent processing stage.

[0051] [Example 2] The heat treatment process steps of the Al7Si0.3Mg0.12Ti component using the casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension are as follows: open the control valve to allow the flow of gas and heat-conductive solid particles, and use the flow controller to accurately adjust the gas flow and the supply of heat-conductive solid particles, control the mixture of heat-conductive solid particles and gas in the gas-solid suspension cavity to be suspended to a specified height so that it can completely cover the component; according to the heat treatment process requirements required for the Al7Si0.3Mg0.12Ti component, the target temperature of the gas-solid suspension cavity is pre-set to 160°C, and the insulation time is set to 8h. The mixture of heat-conducting solid particles and gas is precisely heated by an external controllable heating device, and the temperature is monitored in real time by a thermocouple until the temperature in the solid suspension chamber reaches 160°C; the sealing cover is opened, and the Al7Si0.3Mg0.12Ti component to be subjected to aging heat treatment, which is fixed in the heat treatment fixture, is slowly lowered to a specified height in the gas-solid suspension chamber by a lifting device to ensure that the component is completely immersed in the mixture of heat-conducting solid particles and gas in a suspended state; the temperature of the component is monitored in real time by an infrared temperature sensor during the heat treatment process; when the heat treatment reaches the preset time of 8h, the power of the heating device is gradually reduced, and the gas flow rate is controlled at the same time, so that the component is gradually cooled to a safe temperature range under controlled conditions. Subsequently, the gas input is stopped, and after the particles in the gas-solid suspension chamber have dropped, the heat treatment fixture is removed from the gas-solid suspension chamber, and then the component is removed from the heat treatment fixture to enter the subsequent processing stage.

[0052] [Example 3] The heat treatment process steps of the Al9Si1.7Cu0.3Mg component using the casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension are as follows: open the control valve to allow the flow of gas and heat-conductive solid particles, and use the flow controller to accurately adjust the gas flow and the supply of heat-conductive solid particles, control the mixture of heat-conductive solid particles and gas in the gas-solid suspension cavity to be suspended to a specified height so that it can completely cover the component; according to the heat treatment process requirements required for the Al9Si1.7Cu0.3Mg component, the initial target temperature of the gas-solid suspension cavity is pre-set to 500°C, and the insulation time is set to 2h. The mixture of heat-conducting solid particles and gas is precisely heated by an external controllable heating device, and the temperature is monitored in real time by a thermocouple until the initial temperature in the solid suspension chamber reaches 500°C; the sealing cover is opened, and the Al9Si1.7Cu0.3Mg component to be solid solution heat treated fixed in the heat treatment fixture is slowly lowered to a specified height in the gas-solid suspension chamber by a lifting device to ensure that the component is completely immersed in the mixture of heat-conducting solid particles and gas in a suspended state; the temperature of the component is monitored in real time by an infrared temperature sensor during the heat treatment process; when the heat treatment reaches the preset time of 2h, the power of the heating device is gradually reduced, and the gas flow rate is controlled at the same time, so that the component is gradually cooled to a safe temperature range under controlled conditions. Subsequently, the gas input is stopped, and after the particles in the gas-solid suspension chamber have dropped, the heat treatment fixture is removed from the gas-solid suspension chamber, and then the component is removed from the heat treatment fixture to enter the subsequent processing stage.

[0053] [Example 4] The heat treatment process steps of the Al9Si1.7Cu0.3Mg component using the casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension are as follows: open the control valve to allow the flow of gas and heat-conductive solid particles, and use the flow controller to accurately adjust the gas flow and the supply of heat-conductive solid particles, control the mixture of heat-conductive solid particles and gas in the gas-solid suspension cavity to be suspended to a specified height so that it can completely cover the component; according to the heat treatment process requirements required for the Al9Si1.7Cu0.3Mg component, the initial target temperature of the gas-solid suspension cavity is pre-set to 530°C, and the insulation time is set to 10h. The mixture of heat-conducting solid particles and gas is precisely heated by an external controllable heating device, and the temperature is monitored in real time by a thermocouple until the initial temperature in the solid suspension chamber reaches 530°C; the sealing cover is opened, and the Al9Si1.7Cu0.3Mg component to be solid solution heat treated fixed in the heat treatment fixture is slowly lowered to a specified height in the gas-solid suspension chamber by a lifting device to ensure that the component is completely immersed in the mixture of heat-conducting solid particles and gas in a suspended state; the temperature of the component is monitored in real time by an infrared temperature sensor during the heat treatment process; when the heat treatment reaches the preset time of 10h, the power of the heating device is gradually reduced, and the gas flow rate is controlled at the same time, so that the component is gradually cooled to a safe temperature range under controlled conditions. Subsequently, the gas input is stopped, and after the particles in the gas-solid suspension chamber have dropped, the heat treatment fixture is removed from the gas-solid suspension chamber, and then the component is removed from the heat treatment fixture to enter the subsequent processing stage.

[0054] [Example 5] The heat treatment process steps of the Al9Si1.7Cu0.3Mg component using the casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension are as follows: open the control valve to allow the flow of gas and heat-conductive solid particles, and use the flow controller to accurately adjust the gas flow and the supply of heat-conductive solid particles, control the mixture of heat-conductive solid particles and gas in the gas-solid suspension cavity to be suspended to a specified height so that it can completely cover the component; according to the heat treatment process requirements required for the Al9Si1.7Cu0.3Mg component, the initial target temperature of the gas-solid suspension cavity is pre-set to 170°C, and the insulation time is set to 12h. The mixture of heat-conducting solid particles and gas is precisely heated by an external controllable heating device, and the temperature is monitored in real time by a thermocouple until the initial temperature in the solid suspension chamber reaches 170°C; the sealing cover is opened, and the Al9Si1.7Cu0.3Mg component to be solution-heat-treated, which is fixed in the heat treatment fixture, is slowly lowered to a specified height in the gas-solid suspension chamber by a lifting device to ensure that the component is completely immersed in the mixture of heat-conducting solid particles and gas in a suspended state; the temperature of the component is monitored in real time by an infrared temperature sensor during the heat treatment process; when the heat treatment reaches the preset time of 12h, the power of the heating device is gradually reduced, and the gas flow rate is controlled at the same time, so that the component is gradually cooled to a safe temperature range under controlled conditions. Subsequently, the gas input is stopped, and after the particles in the gas-solid suspension chamber have dropped, the heat treatment fixture is removed from the gas-solid suspension chamber, and then the component is removed from the heat treatment fixture to enter the subsequent processing stage.

[0055] [Comparative Example 1] The required components are all Al7Si0.3Mg0.12Ti components, and a heat treatment process step of 540°C insulation time of 8 hours is carried out.

[0056] [Comparative Example 2] The required components are all Al7Si0.3Mg0.12Ti components, and a heat treatment process step of 160°C insulation time of 8 hours is carried out.

[0057] [Comparative Example 3] The required components are all Al9Si1.7Cu0.3Mg components, which are subjected to solution heat treatment at 500°C for 2 hours.

[0058] [Comparative Example 4] The required components are all Al9Si1.7Cu0.3Mg components, which are subjected to solution heat treatment at 530°C for 10 hours.

[0059] [Comparative Example 5] The required components are all Al9Si1.7Cu0.3Mg components after solution heat treatment, and are subjected to aging heat treatment at 170°C for 12 hours.

[0060] like Figure 3 Shown is a schematic diagram of basic dimensions of components and measurement points uniformly adopted in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-5.

[0061] Table 4 Comparison of heat treatment temperatures used at various locations in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-5 Technology Temperature rise time (min) Temperature at position A (°C) Temperature at location B (°C) Temperature at position C (°C) Example 1 36 538 540 535 Comparative Example 1 55 543 492 462 Example 2 10 158 158 160 Comparative Example 2 20 125 135 159 Example 3 34 498 500 497 Comparative Example 3 53 462 495 487 Example 4 3 527 529 525 Comparative Example 4 10 484 497 526 Example 5 12 166 168 169 Comparative Example 5 28 140 168 152 Table 5 Mechanical properties of each position area in Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 Technology Yield strength at point A (MPa) Yield strength at point B (MPa) Yield strength at point C (MPa) Tensile strength at point A (MPa) Tensile strength at point B (MPa) Tensile strength at point C (MPa) Elongation at point A (%) Elongation at point B (%) Elongation at point C (%) Example 2 164 168 170 267 264 269 5.8 5.7 5.8 Comparative Example 2 152 172 164 270 247 256 6.0 5.2 5.5 It can be seen from Tables 4 and 5 that the components after the heat treatment process steps of the present invention can not only achieve rapid heating of the heat-treated components and shorten the heat treatment time by dynamically suspending heat-conducting solid particles and gases in the heating chamber, but also overcome the problem of uneven temperature in traditional heat treatment, achieve consistent and uniform temperature distribution, obtain uniform heat-treated structure and heat-treated components with consistent mechanical properties in each region, so that the consistency of the microstructure and mechanical properties of each region of the component is greatly enhanced.

[0062] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension, characterized in that: It comprises a gas-solid suspension cavity (2), the top of which is provided with a sealing cover plate (12); a controllable heating device (1) is provided outside the gas-solid suspension cavity (2), and the interior of the gas-solid suspension cavity (2) is uniformly filled with a mixture of heat-conducting solid particles (5) and gas; The inner wall of the gas-solid suspension cavity (2) is provided with an infrared temperature sensor (3) and a thermocouple (4); a heat-conducting solid particle channel (11) is connected between the bottom of the gas-solid suspension cavity (2) and the heat-conducting particle storage device (24); and a particle control valve (10-1) and a particle flow controller (26-1) are installed on the heat-conducting solid particle channel (11); A gas flow dividing device (8) and an air inlet channel (9) are provided at the bottom of the gas-solid suspension cavity (2); a buffer cavity is provided inside the gas flow dividing device (8), and the buffer cavity is communicated with the inside of the gas-solid suspension cavity (2) through multiple flow dividing channels; the gas flow dividing device (8) is connected to the gas storage device (25) through the air inlet channel (9); and a gas control valve (10-2) and a gas flow controller (26-2) are installed on the air inlet channel (9); The temperature control treatment device is arranged on the top of the base (7), and a lifting column (6) and a lifting device (18) are installed on one side of the base (7), wherein the lifting device (18) can move up and down along the lifting column (6) and can also rotate around the lifting column (6); A first crossbeam (17) is connected to one side of the lifting device (18); the bottom of the first crossbeam (17) is connected to a cooling and solidification treatment fixture (13) via a matching device (16); a porous channel is provided at the bottom of the cooling and solidification treatment fixture (13); a casting mold (15) is fixed inside the cooling and solidification treatment fixture (13); a metal melt (14) to be cooled and solidified is poured into the mold cavity of the casting mold (15); The other side of the lifting device (18) is connected to a second crossbeam (19); the lower part of the second crossbeam (19) is connected to a heat treatment fixture (21) via a rope (20); porous channels are arranged around the heat treatment fixture (21); and a component to be heat treated (22) is fixed in the heat treatment fixture (21).

2. The casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heating element of the controllable heating device (1) is selected from at least one or more of a combination of iron-chromium-aluminum wire, molybdenum wire and tungsten wire.

3. The casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The thermally conductive solid particles (5) are selected from at least one or more of carbon, graphite, diamond, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, boron nitride, silicon carbide, carbon nanotubes, graphene, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, gold, silver, copper, aluminum, magnesium, iron and stainless steel.

4. The casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gas medium in the gas storage device (25) is a mixture of at least one or more of water vapor, compressed air, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon, neon, helium, krypton and xenon, and the gas medium is a refrigerated or heated gas.

5. The casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cooling and solidification treatment fixture (13) and the casting mold (15) are fixed by wedge-shaped matching; the bottom of the heat treatment fixture (21) is provided with an elastic clamping structure (23) for fixing the component to be heat treated (22).

6. The casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The infrared temperature sensor (3) is evenly distributed layer by layer in the gas-solid suspension cavity (2) to monitor in real time and provide feedback on the temperature of each layer of the heat treatment component and the metal melt to be cooled and solidified in the casting mold; the thermocouple (4) is arranged at the bottom of the infrared temperature sensor (3) in the gas-solid suspension cavity (2) to monitor in real time the temperature of the mixture of the heat-conducting solid particles (5) and the gas to determine whether a preset temperature has been reached.

7. The casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension according to claim 6 is characterized in that: Controlling the heat-conductive solid particles (5) to flow out of the heat-conductive solid particle storage device (24) and controlling the heat-conductive solid particles (5) to flow into the heat-conductive solid particle storage device (24) through a particle control valve (10-1); controlling the flow rate and pressure regulation of the heat-conductive solid particles (5) in the heat-conductive solid particle channel (11) through a particle flow controller (26-1); The gas control valve (10-2) is used to control the gas to flow out of the gas storage device (25); the gas flow rate and pressure regulation of the gas in the gas inlet channel (9) are controlled by the gas flow controller (26-2).

8. The casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The control priority of the gas control valve (10-2) is higher than the control priority of the particle control valve (10-1); the control priority of the gas flow controller (26-2) is higher than the control priority of the particle flow controller (26-1); When the input gas is controlled by the gas control valve (10-2) and the gas flow controller (26-2), the priority of controlling the gas pressure is higher than the priority of controlling the gas flow, and the priority of controlling the gas flow is higher than the priority of controlling the time of the input gas.

9. The casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The mass of particles to be added inside the gas-solid suspension cavity (2) satisfies the following formula: M 补 =K1×Q 气 ×ρ 固 ×t in, M 补 is the mass of particles to be supplemented, kg; K1 is a coefficient related to the density characteristics of the heat-conducting solid particles, and its value is determined according to the density of the heat-conducting solid particles; Q 气 is the gas flow rate, m³ / s; ρ 固 is the density of the heat-conducting solid particles in the gas-solid suspension cavity, kg / m³; t is the time of gas input, s; The height of the heat-conducting solid particles (5) and the gas mixture inside the gas-solid suspension cavity (2) satisfies the following formula: H=K2×P / P0×h+H0 in, H is the height of the heat-conducting solid particles (5) and the gas mixture, mm; K2 is a coefficient related to the density characteristics of the heat-conducting solid particles, and its value is determined according to the density of the heat-conducting solid particles; P is the pressure of the input gas, bar; P0 is the reference value selected for dimensionless, P0=1bar; h is the reference value selected for converting air pressure to height, h=1mm; H0 is the initial height of the heat-conducting solid particles (5) and gas mixture, mm.

10. The control method of the casting and heat treatment temperature control device based on gas-solid dynamic suspension according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: rotating the lifting device (18) so that the casting mold (15) in which the molten metal (14) to be cooled and solidified is poured into the mold cavity is located above the gas-solid suspension cavity (2); opening the sealing cover plate (12), and then controlling the lifting device (18) to descend, so that the casting mold (15) in which the molten metal (14) to be cooled and solidified is poured into the mold cavity fixed on the cooling and solidification treatment fixture (13) is slowly lowered to a preset height in the gas-solid suspension cavity (2), so that the casting mold (15) in which the molten metal (14) to be cooled and solidified is poured into the mold cavity is completely entered into the gas-solid suspension cavity (2); Step S2: according to the structural characteristics of the casting mold (15) in which the metal melt (14) to be cooled and solidified is poured, the particle control valve (10-1) is opened to control the heat-conductive solid particles (5) to enter the gas-solid suspension cavity (2) from the heat-conductive particle storage device (24) through the heat-conductive solid particle channel (11), and at the same time, the gas control valve (10-2) is opened to control the gas to enter the gas-solid suspension cavity (2) from the gas storage device (25) through the gas inlet channel (9); Step S3: respectively adjusting the particle supply amount and the gas flow rate by using the particle flow controller (26-1) and the gas flow controller (26-2) so that the heat-conducting solid particles (5) and the gas mixture inside the gas-solid suspension cavity (2) form a uniform gas-solid dynamic suspension state and reach a preset height, so that the heat-conducting solid particles (5) and the gas mixture can completely cover the casting mold (15) in which the metal melt (14) to be cooled and solidified is poured in the mold cavity; Step S4: after the cooling and solidification of the molten metal (14) to be cooled and solidified is completed, the gas input is stopped and the particle control valve (10-1) is opened to allow the heat-conducting solid particles (5) to reflux, so that the height of the heat-conducting solid particles (5) is gradually reduced until it is reduced to a level that separates it from the cooling and solidification treatment fixture (13), and then the cooling and solidification treatment fixture (13) is slowly lifted from the gas-solid suspension chamber (2) by the lifting device (18) until the cooling and solidification treatment fixture (13) is separated from the gas-solid suspension chamber (2); then the casting (15) is taken out of the cooling and solidification treatment fixture (13), and finally the casting that has been cooled and solidified is taken out of the casting (15); Step S5: rotating the lifting device (18) so that the component to be heat treated (22) is located above the gas-solid suspension cavity (2); opening the particle control valve (10-1) to control the heat-conductive solid particles (5) to enter the gas-solid suspension cavity (2) from the heat-conductive particle storage device (24) through the heat-conductive solid particle channel (11); and simultaneously opening the gas control valve (10-2) to control the gas to enter the gas-solid suspension cavity (2) from the gas storage device (25) through the gas inlet channel (9); and correspondingly adjusting the particle supply amount and the gas flow rate through the particle flow controller (26-1) and the gas flow controller (26-2) respectively, so that the heat-conductive solid particles (5) and the gas mixture inside the gas-solid suspension cavity (2) form a uniform gas-solid dynamic suspension state and reach a preset height, so that the heat-conductive solid particles (5) and the gas mixture can completely cover the component to be heat treated (22); Step S6: presetting a target temperature in the gas-solid suspension chamber (2) according to the heat treatment process requirements of the component to be heat treated (22), accurately heating the mixture of the heat-conductive solid particles (5) and the gas through an external controllable heating device (1), and monitoring the temperature of the heat-conductive solid particles (5) and the gas mixture in real time through a thermocouple (4) until the temperature of the heat-conductive solid particles and the gas mixture reaches the preset target temperature; Step S7: opening the sealing cover plate (12), and then controlling the lifting device (18) to descend, and slowly lowering the component to be heat-treated (22) fixed in the heat treatment fixture (20) to a preset height in the gas-solid suspension chamber (2), so that the component to be heat-treated (22) completely enters the gas-solid suspension chamber (2) and is immersed in the mixture of the dynamically suspended heat-conducting solid particles (5) and the gas, and then heat-treating it; Step S8: When the heat treatment reaches a preset time, the heating power of the controllable heating device (1) is gradually reduced, and the gas flow rate is controlled to be reduced at the same time, so that the component to be heat treated (22) is gradually cooled to a safe temperature range under controlled conditions; then, the gas input is stopped, and after the particles in the gas-solid suspension chamber (2) are lowered to separate from the heat treatment fixture (21), the heat treatment fixture (21) is slowly lifted from the gas-solid suspension chamber (2) by the lifting device (18) until the heat treatment fixture (21) is separated from the gas-solid suspension chamber (2); and the component to be heat treated (22) that has completed the heat treatment is taken out of the heat treatment fixture (21).

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