Artificially compounded mineral leaching flora and application thereof in biological metallurgy

Abstract

The invention discloses an artificially compounded mineral leaching flora and an application thereof in biological metallurgy. The invention belongs to the technical field of biology, and particularly relates to an artificially compounded mineral leaching flora and application thereof in biological metallurgy. The mineral leaching flora disclosed by the invention is a medium-high temperature mineral leaching flora HM01, and the preservation number of the mineral leaching flora is CGMCC (China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center) No.30241. A mineral leaching experiment is carried out by using the medium-high temperature mineral leaching flora HM01, so that the biological leaching rate and the leaching rate of the sulfide ore can be improved. The method can be used for extracting and recycling precious metals such as gold and copper, and has the advantages of low cost, environment friendliness, high leaching rate and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of biotechnology, and in particular relates to an artificially compounded leaching bacterial community and application thereof in biometallurgy. Background Art

[0002] Biometallurgy is a technology that relies on the interaction between microorganisms and minerals to accelerate the oxidation and dissolution of minerals, and further recovers precious metals from ores or concentrates through separation, enrichment, and purification. Compared with traditional metallurgical technology, biometallurgy has the advantages of low energy consumption, environmental friendliness, and the ability to efficiently treat insoluble and low-grade ores. Discovering, collecting, and screening efficient, adaptable, and selective leaching bacteria is the key to conducting basic research and engineering applications in biometallurgy. Through the analysis of the microbial community structure of samples such as natural acid mine drainage, ores, and industrial leaching systems, it was found that the diversity of leaching bacteria in these environments is relatively rich. At the same time, a large number of research results show that the effect of mixed bacterial leaching is significantly better than that of a single strain, which provides evidence for the widespread application of mixed bacterial leaching and prompts researchers to conduct research on mixed bacterial leaching.

[0003] At present, the commonly used leaching bacteria in the field of biohydrometallurgy are mainly autotrophic mesophilic bacteria, the main representatives of which are Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans , Acidithiobacilus thiooxidans and Leptospirillum ferrooxidans Etc., their suitable growth temperature is 28-40℃. These mesophilic bacteria have been widely used in the biological extraction of metals such as gold, copper, and uranium. However, due to the high temperature generated by the oxidation heat of metallurgical microorganisms in the leaching tank and leaching pile during the leaching process and the stress of high concentrations of heavy metal ions in the leaching environment, the use of mesophilic bacteria for leaching has caused a series of problems such as limited bacterial growth, slow mineral leaching speed, low leaching rate, and the inability to continuously leach certain refractory ores such as chalcopyrite. Moderate thermophiles can overcome the above shortcomings. The optimal growth temperature of moderate thermophiles is 40-50℃, mainly including Leptospirillum ferriphilum , Acidithiobacillus caldus , Sulfobacillus spp. and Ferroplasma The use of moderately thermophilic bacteria for leaching can not only significantly improve the leaching reaction kinetics and shorten the leaching cycle, but also tolerate higher metal ion concentrations and slurry concentrations, and prevent the excessive passivation of some primary sulfide ores such as chalcopyrite from hindering the leaching reaction. Therefore, its application in industry has greater potential.

[0004] In addition, in the leaching system, autotrophic and heterotrophic leaching bacteria can affect each other through synergistic effects, thereby improving the metal leaching rate and leaching rate. The metabolites of autotrophic metallurgical microorganisms have an inhibitory effect on their own growth, while the heterotrophic bacteria in the mixed leaching bacterial community mostly use the metabolites and dead bacteria of autotrophic bacteria as growth energy, which can relieve this inhibition to a certain extent, increase the reproduction rate of autotrophic bacteria, significantly improve the leaching reaction kinetics, accelerate the reaction speed, and shorten the leaching cycle. Therefore, in theory, adding acidophilic heterotrophic bacteria that can decompose and utilize organic matter to the leaching bacterial community for mixed culture will help the growth of metallurgical microorganisms and thus improve the leaching rate and leaching rate. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main problem to be solved by the present invention is how to improve the leaching rate and leaching ratio of microbial metallurgy.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a leaching composition.

[0007] The invention provides a mineral leaching composition, wherein the active component of the mineral leaching composition is a medium-high temperature mineral leaching bacterial group HM01, whose deposit number in the General Microbiological Center of China Microbiological Culture Collection Committee is CGMCC No.30241.

[0008] Furthermore, the leaching composition is a bacterial agent.

[0009] Furthermore, the medium- and high-temperature leaching bacteria group HM01 is composed of thermophilic sulfur oxidizing bacteria ( Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans )、Thermophilic Acidithiobacillus ( Acidithiobacillus caldus )、Thermophilic siderotrophic bacteria( Ferroplasma thermophilum ) and Alicyclobacillus ferrooxidans ( Alicyclobacillus ferrooxydans ) ， In the medium and high temperature leaching bacteria group HM01, Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans , Acidithiobacillus caldus , Ferroplasma thermophilum and Alicyclobacillus ferrooxydans The ratio of 85.29%:7.11%:0.02%:7.58% is 100%.

[0010] The active ingredients of the above-mentioned microbial agent may be the above-mentioned medium- and high-temperature leaching bacteria group HM01 and / or the metabolites of the above-mentioned medium- and high-temperature leaching bacteria group HM01. The active ingredients of the above-mentioned microbial agent may also contain other biological components or non-biological components. The technical personnel in this field may determine the other active ingredients of the above-mentioned microbial agent according to the effect on the leaching rate of leaching.

[0011] In the above, the metabolite can be obtained from the fermentation broth of the medium-high temperature leaching bacteria group HM01. The metabolite can be a sterile metabolite of the medium-high temperature leaching bacteria group HM01 or a bacterial metabolite containing the medium-high temperature leaching bacteria group HM01. The sterile metabolite (sterile fermentation filtrate) of the medium-high temperature leaching bacteria group HM01 can be prepared specifically according to the following method: the medium-high temperature leaching bacteria group HM01 is cultured in a liquid culture medium, and the medium-high temperature leaching bacteria group HM01 in the liquid culture (fermentation broth) is filtered to remove the sterile metabolite of the medium-high temperature leaching bacteria group HM01. The bacterial metabolite containing the medium-high temperature leaching bacteria group HM01 can be prepared specifically according to the following method: the medium-high temperature leaching bacteria group HM01 is cultured in a liquid fermentation culture medium, and the fermentation broth is collected, and the fermentation broth is the bacterial metabolite containing the medium-high temperature leaching bacteria group HM01.

[0012] The above-mentioned bacterial agent, in addition to the active ingredient, also contains a carrier. The carrier can be a carrier commonly used in the chemical field and biologically inert. The carrier can be a solid carrier or a liquid carrier; the solid carrier can be a mineral material, a plant material or a polymer compound; the mineral material can be at least one of clay, talc, kaolin, montmorillonite, white carbon, zeolite, silica and diatomaceous earth; the plant material can be at least one of corn flour, soybean flour and starch; the polymer compound can be polyvinyl alcohol and / or polyglycol; the liquid carrier can be an organic solvent, vegetable oil, mineral oil or water; the organic solvent can be decane and / or dodecane.

[0013] The above-mentioned bacterial agent can be in various dosage forms, such as liquid, emulsion, suspension, powder, granule, wettable powder or water dispersible granule.

[0014] As required, surfactants (such as Tween 20, Tween 80, etc.), binders, stabilizers (such as antioxidants), pH adjusters, etc. may also be added to the above-mentioned bacterial agents.

[0015] The present invention also provides the use of the above-mentioned leaching bacteria group in the biological leaching of sulfide ore.

[0016] The present invention also provides the use of the above-mentioned leaching bacteria group in biological leaching of iron from pyrite.

[0017] The present invention also provides the use of the above-mentioned leaching bacteria group in leaching copper from chalcopyrite.

[0018] The present invention also provides the use of the above-mentioned leaching bacteria group in biological copper leaching from copper mine tailings.

[0019] The present invention also provides a method for leaching iron from sulfide ore, comprising the step of contacting the above-mentioned leaching composition with the sulfide ore to obtain iron.

[0020] The present invention also provides a method for microbial leaching of iron, comprising the step of contacting the above-mentioned leaching composition with sulfide ore to obtain iron ions.

[0021] The sulfide ore may be raw pyrite.

[0022] In a specific embodiment, the microbial leaching method of iron element comprises the following steps: the artificial composite bacterial flora leaching pyrite experiment is carried out in a 500mL conical flask, the leaching system is 135mL of modified 9K inorganic salt medium, 4.5g of pyrite powder (3% slurry concentration, 200 mesh sieve) is added, and 15mL of the HM01 bacterial solution of the acclimated medium and high temperature leaching bacterial flora is inoculated (inoculation amount 10%, final concentration 10 7 The shaker speed was 170 r / min and the experimental temperature was 45°C. Samples were taken every 5 days, 3 mL each time, filtered with a 0.22 μm filter membrane, and the loss of leaching solution caused by sampling was supplemented with the same culture medium. ICP-OES was used to accurately quantify the Fe element in the leaching solution.

[0023] The present invention also provides a method for microbial leaching of copper, comprising the step of contacting the above-mentioned leaching composition with copper-containing ore to obtain copper ions.

[0024] The copper-containing ore may be chalcopyrite ore or copper ore tailings.

[0025] In a specific embodiment, the microbial leaching method of copper element comprises the following steps: the experiment of leaching chalcopyrite ore or copper tailings by artificial composite bacterial flora is carried out in a 500mL conical flask, the leaching system is 135mL of improved 9K inorganic salt medium, 4.5g of chalcopyrite or copper tailings powder (3% slurry concentration, 200 mesh sieve) is added, and 15mL of the HM01 bacterial solution of the acclimated medium and high temperature leaching bacterial flora is inoculated (inoculation amount 10%, final concentration 10 7 The shaker speed was 170r / min and the experimental temperature was 45°C. Samples were taken every 5 days, 3 mL each time, filtered with a 0.22μm filter membrane, and the loss of leaching solution caused by sampling was supplemented with the same culture medium. ICP-OES was used to accurately quantify the Cu element in the leaching solution.

[0026] The present invention constructs a highly efficient composite leaching bacterial community based on autotrophic moderate thermophilic bacteria and auxiliary acidophilic heterotrophic bacteria, which can effectively leach pyrite, chalcopyrite and copper tailings, and the population ecology remains relatively stable during the long-term domestication process. Advantages compared with the prior art: the addition of acidophilic heterotrophic bacteria in the leaching bacterial community can relieve the inhibitory effect of the growth metabolites of autotrophic metallurgical microorganisms on themselves to a certain extent, increase the reproduction rate of autotrophic bacteria, significantly improve the leaching reaction kinetics, thereby accelerating the reaction speed, shortening the leaching cycle, and improving the leaching rate and leaching rate of microbial metallurgy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is the relationship between the Fe leaching rate and leaching time of the system when the artificially compound bacterial community is leaching pyrite ore.

[0028] Figure 2 This is the relationship between the Cu leaching rate and leaching time of the system when the artificially compound bacterial community is leaching chalcopyrite ore.

[0029] Figure 3 This is the relationship between the Cu leaching rate and leaching time of the system when the artificially compound bacterial community is leaching a copper mine tailings.

[0030] Deposition description Bacteria name: Medium and high temperature leaching bacteria Strain ID: HM01 Depository: China National Microbiological Culture Collection Administration General Microbiology Center Abbreviation of depository institution: CGMCC Address: No. 3, Yard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing Date of deposit: April 2, 2024 The registration number of the Collection Center is: CGMCC No.30241. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, and the examples provided are only for illustrating the present invention, rather than for limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples provided below can be used as a guide for further improvements by those of ordinary skill in the art, and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention in any way.

[0032] The experimental methods in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional methods, and are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the field or according to the product instructions. The materials, reagents, etc. used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, can all be obtained from commercial channels.

[0033] The quantitative experiments in the following examples were performed in triplicate unless otherwise specified.

[0034] The iron-oxidizing alicyclobacillus in the following examples ( Alicyclobacillus ferrooxydans ) has been recorded in “Cheng-Ying J, Ying L, Yan-Yang L, et al. Alicyclobacillus ferrooxydans sp.nov., a ferrous-oxidizing bacterium from solfataric soil[J]. Internationaljournal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology, 2008, 58(Pt 12): 2898-903. ". The public can obtain the biological material from the applicant. The biological material can only be used to repeat the experiments of the present invention and cannot be used for other purposes.

[0035] The thermophilic acidthiobacillus ( Acidithiobacillus caldus ) has been recorded in "Li Xiaojing, Jiang Baota Muhades, Yang Lan, et al. Plasticity of the genome of thermophilic acidthiobacillus SM-1 at different temperatures [J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2017, 57(07): 1083-1094." The public can obtain the biological material from the applicant, and the biological material is only used for repeating the experiments of the present invention and cannot be used for other purposes.

[0036] The following examples were processed using SPSS11.5 statistical software, and the experimental results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. One-way ANOVA test was used, and P < 0.05 (*) indicated a significant difference, P < 0.01 (**) indicated a very significant difference, and P < 0.001 (***) indicated an extremely significant difference.

[0037] Example 1: Obtaining artificially compounded leaching bacteria 1. Screening and expansion of bacterial strains Thermosulfuric acid bacteria from the State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Development, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences ( Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans )、Thermophilic Acidithiobacillus ( Acidithiobacillus caldus )、Thermophilic siderotrophic bacteria( Ferroplasma thermophilum ) and Alicyclobacillus ferrooxidans ( Alicyclobacillus ferrooxydans ) Four leaching strains were isolated from acid mine drainage, ore and acid soil.

[0038] Thermosulfuric acid bacteria Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans ), Gram-positive bacteria, rod-shaped, facultative autotrophic, with the best growth temperature at 50°C and the best growth pH at 1.8. 2+, elemental sulfur, and reduced sulfides can be used as energy materials, and can also oxidize minerals such as pyrite, arsenopyrite and chalcopyrite.

[0039] Acidithiobacillus Acidithiobacillus caldus ), Gram-negative bacteria, rod-shaped, autotrophic, optimal growth temperature is 45 ° C, optimal growth pH is 1.0-2.0, can oxidize elemental sulfur or reduced sulfide to gain energy for autotrophic growth, cannot oxidize Fe 2+ .

[0040] Thermophilic siderophore Ferroplasma thermophilum ), Archaea, facultative autotrophic, with an optimal growth temperature range of 40-45°C and an optimal growth pH of 1.3-2.2. It can oxidize Fe 2+ To gain energy, but cannot oxidize elemental sulfur.

[0041] Alicyclobacillus iron-oxidizing Alicyclobacillus ferrooxydans ), Gram-positive bacteria, heterotrophic, spherical or rod-shaped, can grow in an acidic environment (pH 0.5-6.5) and a wide temperature range (4-75°C), with an optimal growth pH of 3.0 and an optimal growth temperature of 28-35°C. It can oxidize Fe 2+ , pyrite, tetrathionate and thiosulfate, but cannot oxidize elemental sulfur.

[0042] collect Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans (pH 1.8,45℃) Acidithiobacillus caldus (pH 2.0,45℃)、 Ferroplasma thermophilum (pH 2.0, 45°C) and Alicyclobacillus ferrooxydans (pH 3.0, 30℃) and cultured under their optimal growth conditions.

[0043] The 9K inorganic salt medium was used, and its basic components were as follows: (NH4)2SO43.0 g / L, MgSO4∙7H2O 0.5 g / L, Na2SO4∙10H2O 0.15 g / L, KH2PO40.1 g / L, KCl 0.1 g / L, Ca(NO3)2∙4H2O 0.014 g / L. Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidnas, Ferroplasma thermophilum and Alicyclobacillus ferrooxydans 44.7 g / L FeSO4·7H2O and 0.2 g / L yeast powder were added to the culture medium. Acidithiobacillus caldus FeSO4·7H2O was not added to the culture medium, but 10 g / L elemental sulfur was added instead.

[0044] A small amount of DNA was extracted using the TIANGEN bacterial genomic DNA extraction kit. Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans ,Acidithiobacillus caldus , Ferroplasma thermophilum as well as 嗜铁 Alicyclobacillus The genomic DNA was used as a template to select the 16S rDNA conservative gene for PCR amplification and sequencing. The sequencing primers were the bacterial universal primers 27F (5'- AGAGTTTGATCMTGGCTCAG -3') / 1492R (5'- ACGGHTACCTTGTTACGACTT -3'). The resulting PCR product was sequenced by Tianjin Qingke Biological Company. The sequencing results were analyzed using software such as MEGA 7.0, Sequence Matrix, and Seaview4.

[0045] The sequencing results of the 16S rDNA gene sequences of the four strains are as follows: 硫化芽孢杆菌属 嗜热硫化氧化菌 The 16S rDNA having a nucleotide sequence of sequence 1 in the sequence list, 嗜酸硫杆菌属 嗜热嗜酸菌 The 16S rDNA having a nucleotide sequence of sequence 2 in the sequence list, 嗜热铁原体 The 16S rDNA having a nucleotide sequence of sequence 3 in the sequence list, 嗜铁 Alicyclobacillus The 16S rDNA has a nucleotide sequence of Sequence 4 in the sequence listing.

[0046] >Seq_16S_ 嗜热硫化氧化硫化芽孢杆菌 (Sequence 1)

[0047] >Seq_16S_ 嗜热嗜酸嗜酸硫杆菌 (Sequence 2)

[0048] >Seq_16S_ 嗜热铁原体 (Sequence 3)

[0049] >Seq_16S_ 嗜铁 Alicyclobacillus (Sequence 4)

[0050] 2. Construction and domestication of bacterial flora The cells of the four leaching microorganisms in the logarithmic growth phase were counted under a microscope using a blood cell counting plate. 7 / mL, collect the bacteria by centrifugation, mix them in a certain proportion and add them into the reaction system of modified 9K inorganic salt medium, adjust the initial pH to 2.5 with 1:1 sulfuric acid, the experimental temperature is 45℃, add 10 g / L elemental sulfur and 5 g / L FeSO4·7H2O, and the mechanical stirring speed is 170 r / min. The bacterial community is domesticated and continuously subcultured by increasing the slurry concentration of sulfide ore in the leaching reaction system (1%, 3%, 5% and 10%). In the later stage of domestication, FeSO4·7H2O and elemental sulfur are no longer added.

[0051] After the acclimation was completed, the culture solution was centrifuged at 2000 rpm for 5 min to remove the solid matter, and then centrifuged at 5000 rpm for 20 min to separate the supernatant. The milky white precipitate at the bottom was the bacterial aggregate, which was diluted to 10 with sterilized iron-free 9K medium. 8 The composite leaching bacteria with a concentration of 100 / mL is the constructed artificial composite bacterial community, referred to as the medium- and high-temperature leaching bacterial community HM01, which is used for inoculation in leaching experiments.

[0052] The composition of the improved 9K inorganic salt medium is: (NH4)2SO43.0 g / L, MgSO4∙7H2O 0.5 g / L, Na2SO4·10H2O 0.15 g / L, KH2PO40.1g / L, KCl 0.1 g / L, Ca(NO3)2∙4H2O 0.014 g / L, yeast powder 0.2 g / L, glucose 0.2 g / L, and R2A 0.2 g / L.

[0053] Illumina MiSeg high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the microbial community structure of the domesticated medium- and high-temperature leaching bacteria HM01. The main steps were: the total DNA of the medium- and high-temperature leaching bacteria HM01 was extracted by CTAB / NaC1 method, the integrity of the extracted genomic DNA was detected by 1% agarose gel electrophoresis, and the V4 / V5 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA was amplified with primers 515FB (5'- GTGYCAGCMGCCGCGGTAA -3') / 926R (5'- CCGYCAATTYMTTTRAGTTT -3'). High-throughput sequencing was performed using the Illumina Miseq sequencing platform to extract high-quality sequences, and the sequences were analyzed by bioinformatics to obtain the community structure and abundance.

[0054] The results showed that the dominant bacteria in the medium- and high-temperature leaching bacterial community HM01 were mainly thermophilic sulfur oxidizing bacillus 嗜热硫化氧化硫化芽孢杆菌 (85.29%)、Acidithiobacillus 嗜酸硫杆菌属 嗜热嗜酸菌 (7.11%)、Thermosiderin 嗜热铁原体 (0.02%) and Alicyclobacillus ferrooxidans 嗜铁 Alicyclobacillus (7.58%), and the population ecology remained relatively stable during the long-term domestication process.

[0055] The medium- and high-temperature leaching bacteria community HM01 was deposited in the General Microbiology Center of China Microorganism Culture Collection Administration (CGMCC) on April 2, 2024, with the deposit number CGMCC No.30241.

[0056] Example 2: Experiment on leaching pyrite using artificial composite bacterial flora The leaching experiment of pyrite with artificial composite bacteria was carried out in a 500 mL conical flask. The leaching system was 135 mL of the above-mentioned improved 9K inorganic salt medium, 4.5 g of pyrite powder (3% slurry concentration, sieved with a 200-mesh sieve), and 15 mL of the medium- and high-temperature leaching bacteria HM01 culture medium (inoculation volume 10%, final concentration 10) was inoculated. 7 / mL), the shaker speed was 170 r / min, and the experimental temperature was 45°C. Samples were taken every 5 days, 3mL each time, filtered with a 0.22μm filter membrane, and the loss of leaching solution caused by sampling was supplemented with the same culture medium. ICP-OES was used to accurately analyze the metal elements in the leaching solution qualitatively and quantitatively. At the same time, a system with only ore and culture medium added but no leaching bacteria was used as a blank control, and a system with only the above-mentioned moderate thermophilic bacteria added was used as a blank control. 嗜热硫化氧化硫化芽孢杆菌 , 嗜热嗜酸嗜酸硫杆菌 and 嗜热铁原体 The mixed bacteria were treated in the same way as negative control.

[0057] The results are as follows Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is the relationship between the Fe leaching rate and leaching time of the artificially compounded medium- and high-temperature leaching bacteria community HM01 when leaching pyrite. The ore sample used was commercial pyrite (purchased from Beijing Solebow Technology Co., Ltd.). After XRF analysis, the Fe grade of the ore sample was 41.19%, the Cu grade was 0.048%, and the S grade was 48.04%. It can be seen that after 30 days of leaching, in the blank control group without inoculation of bacteria, the leaching of pyrite (FeS2) was difficult to carry out, and the Fe leaching rate was only 3.34%; without adding iron-oxidizing Alicyclobacillus 嗜铁 AlicyclobacillusIn the negative control group, the Fe leaching rate was 60.93%; while when the medium-high temperature leaching bacteria HM01 of the present invention was used, the Fe leaching rate could reach 87.61%. The calculation formula of Fe leaching rate is: Fe leaching rate = amount of oxidized FeS2 / total amount of FeS2 × 100%; amount of oxidized FeS2 = total amount of Fe transferred into the solution by FeS2 × 2.1429.

[0058] This experiment shows that the leaching effect of Fe in pyrite is weak only by acid leaching, but the leaching effect of Fe is significantly enhanced by the action of leaching microorganisms. 硫化芽孢杆菌属 嗜热硫化氧化菌 , 嗜热嗜酸嗜酸硫杆菌 and 嗜热铁原体 Compared with the mixed bacteria, the addition of acidophilic heterotrophic bacteria ( 嗜铁 Alicyclobacillus )'s artificial composite bacterial community significantly enhances the Fe leaching effect through synergistic action.

[0059] Example 3: Experiment on leaching chalcopyrite using artificial composite bacterial flora The experiment of leaching chalcopyrite with artificial composite bacteria was carried out in a 500 mL conical flask. The leaching system was 135 mL of the above-mentioned improved 9K inorganic salt medium, 4.5 g of chalcopyrite powder (3% slurry concentration, sieved with a 200-mesh sieve) was added, and 15 mL of the medium- and high-temperature leaching bacteria HM01 culture solution acclimated in the above Example 1 was inoculated (inoculation amount 10%, final concentration 10 7 / mL), the shaker speed was 170 r / min, and the experimental temperature was 45℃. Samples were taken every 5 days, 3mL each time, filtered with a 0.22μm filter membrane, and the loss of leaching solution caused by sampling was supplemented with the same culture medium. ICP-OES was used to accurately analyze the metal elements in the leaching solution qualitatively and quantitatively. At the same time, a system with only ore and culture medium added but no leaching bacteria was used as a blank control, and a system with only the above-mentioned moderate thermophilic bacteria added was used as a blank control. 嗜热硫化氧化硫化芽孢杆菌 , 嗜热嗜酸嗜酸硫杆菌 and 嗜热铁原体 The mixed bacteria were treated in the same way as negative control.

[0060] The results are as follows Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2This is the relationship between the Cu leaching rate and leaching time of the medium- and high-temperature leaching bacteria community HM01 when leaching chalcopyrite. The ore sample used was commercial chalcopyrite (purchased from Ye's Stone Specimen Store, Huadong, Huadu District, Guangzhou). According to XRF analysis, the Fe grade of the ore sample was 27.47%, the Cu grade was 29.45%, and the S grade was 38.6%. It can be seen that after 30 days of leaching, in the blank control group without inoculation of bacteria, the Cu leaching rate was only 2.18%. This is because chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) is a primary copper sulfide ore with a relatively stable crystal structure and high lattice energy, which is difficult to be oxidized and decomposed by leaching bacteria. However, under the condition of leaching microorganisms, the Cu leaching rate was significantly improved, and without the addition of ferrooxidan alicyclic Bacillus ( Alicyclobacillus ferrooxydans ) in the negative control group, the Cu leaching rate was 45.99%; while when the medium-high temperature leaching bacterial community HM01 of the present invention was used, the Cu leaching rate could reach 72.66%. The calculation formula of Cu leaching rate is: Cu leaching rate = amount of oxidized CuFeS2 / total amount of CuFeS2 × 100%; amount of oxidized CuFeS2 = Cu in the solution transferred by CuFeS2 2+ Quantity×2.888.

[0061] Example 4: Experiment on leaching copper mine tailings using artificial composite bacterial flora The experiment of leaching a copper mine tailings with artificial composite bacteria was carried out in a 500 mL conical flask. The leaching system was 135 mL of the above-mentioned improved 9K inorganic salt medium, 4.5 g of a copper mine tailings powder (3% slurry concentration, sieved with a 200 mesh screen) was added, and 15 mL of the medium- and high-temperature leaching bacteria HM01 culture solution acclimated in the above Example 1 was inoculated (inoculation amount 10%, final concentration 10 7 The sample was taken every 3 days, 3 mL each time, filtered with a 0.22 μm filter membrane, and the loss of leaching solution caused by sampling was supplemented with the same culture medium. ICP-OES was used to accurately analyze the metal elements in the leaching solution qualitatively and quantitatively. At the same time, a system with only ore and culture medium added but no leaching bacteria was used as a blank control, and a system with only the above-mentioned culture medium added was used as a blank control. 嗜热硫化氧化硫化芽孢杆菌 , 嗜热嗜酸嗜酸硫杆菌 and 嗜热铁原体 The mixed bacteria were treated in the same way as negative control.

[0062] Figure 3The relationship between the Cu leaching rate and leaching time of the medium-high temperature leaching bacterial community HM01 when leaching a copper mine tailings. The ore sample used was collected from a copper mining area in Fujian Province. According to XRF analysis, the S grade of the ore sample was 7.43%, the Fe grade was 1.85%, and the Cu grade was 0.202%. It can be seen that after 18 days of leaching, the Cu leaching rate was 54.39% without inoculating bacteria; without adding iron-oxidizing alicyclobacillus ( 嗜铁 Alicyclobacillus ) in the negative control group, the Cu leaching rate was 73.43%; while when the medium- and high-temperature leaching bacteria HM01 of the present invention was used, the Cu leaching rate could reach 98.23%.

[0063] The present invention has been described in detail above. For those skilled in the art, without departing from the purpose and scope of the present invention, and without the need to carry out unnecessary experimental conditions, the present invention can be implemented in a wide range under equivalent parameters, concentrations and conditions. Although the present invention provides specific embodiments, it should be understood that the present invention can be further improved. In a word, according to the principles of the present invention, the application is intended to include any changes, uses or improvements to the present invention, including departure from the disclosed scope in the application, and changes made with conventional techniques known in the art.

Claims

1. A leaching composition, wherein the active ingredient of the leaching composition is the medium- and high-temperature leaching bacterial community HM01, whose deposit number in the General Microbiological Center of China Microbiological Culture Collection Administration is CGMCC No.30241.

2. A leaching composition, characterized in that: The leaching composition is a bacterial agent.

3. The leaching composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The medium and high temperature leaching bacteria group HM01 is composed of thermophilic sulfur oxidizing bacteria ( Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans )、Thermophilic Acidithiobacillus ( Acidithiobacillus caldus )、Thermophilic siderotrophic bacteria( Ferroplasma thermophilum ) and Alicyclobacillus ferrooxidans ( Alicyclobacillus ferrooxydans ) ， In the medium and high temperature leaching bacterial group HM01, Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans , Acidithiobacillus caldus , Ferroplasma thermophilum and Alicyclobacillus ferrooxydans The content ratio is 85.29%:7.11%:0.02%:7.58%.

4. Use of the leaching bacterial community described in any one of claims 1 to 3 in the bioleaching of sulfide ores.

5. Use of the leaching bacterial community according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in biological leaching of iron from pyrite.

6. Use of the leaching bacterial community described in any one of claims 1 to 3 in leaching copper from chalcopyrite.

7. Use of the leaching bacterial community described in any one of claims 1 to 3 in biological copper leaching from copper mine tailings.

8. A method for leaching iron from sulfide ore, comprising the step of contacting the leaching composition according to claim 1 or 2 with the sulfide ore to obtain iron.

9. A method for leaching iron by microorganisms, comprising the step of contacting the leaching composition according to claim 1 with sulfide ore to obtain iron ions.

10. A method for microbial leaching of copper, comprising the step of contacting the leaching composition according to claim 1 with a copper-containing ore to obtain copper ions.

Images