The invention relates to a sea water desalination and concentrated sea water concentration integrated system and a treatment method. The sea water desalination and concentrated sea water concentrationintegrated system comprises a multiple-effect evaporation sea water desalination subsystem, a regenerative heat concentration subsystem, a regenerative heat absorbing subsystem and a solution regeneration subsystem. According to the system, environment sea water is adopted as a raw material, more-than-0.15MPa steam or more-than-125DEG C hot water is adopted as a drive heat source, a small amountof electric energy is added, and fresh water with the saline concentration being lower than 0.003 percent and the concentrated sea water with the saline concentration being higher than 12 percent canbe produced, so that the fresh water is high-efficiently produced, meanwhile, a high-quality raw material solution is provided for various chemical substances such as salts, and the system has the advantages of high energy utilization ratio, high fresh water recovery rate, slow deposit corrosion, good economical efficiency and the like.