The invention relates to a laser cladding and on-line machining repair method for a roughing mill housing roller positioning groove, and belongs to the technical field of surface modification and equipment repair. Machining equipment comprises a 2500 movable boring and milling machine, an all-solid-state laser device, a mechanical hand, a manipulator, a pneumatic powder feeder, a self-made construction platform and the like. The technological process includes the steps of building the platform, leading in the equipment, adjusting, centering and fixing the equipment, performing rough machining, performing precision measurement for flaw detection, performing laser cladding, performing precision measurement for flaw detection, fine machining, performing precision measurement for flaw detection and tracking to verify the effect. The laser cladding and on-line machining repair method has the advantages that the equipment strength is not affected, hot stress influence during repair welding is avoided, while equipment accuracy is recovered, the outage time can be shortened, and the repair cost can be reduced; a metal base material can be effectively protected from abrasion or corrosion by selecting a repair material, the problem is prevented from occurring again, and the service life of the equipment is greatly prolonged; as only the surface of the base material is melt in a micro mode in the laser machining process, the area of a laser cladding heat affected zone is one tenth that of a heat affected zone of argon arc welding.