60results about How to "Reduce concentration polarization" patented technology

The invention relates to a water inlet separation net, a reverse osmosis membrane unit, a reverse osmosis membrane element, a filter element and a filter system in the technical field of reverse osmosis membranes. The reverse osmosis membrane unit comprises a water inlet separation net body and a reverse osmosis membrane attached to the reverse osmosis membrane element; the water inlet separation net body is provided with water blocking parts which are arranged at intervals and in a staggered mode in the extending direction of the water inlet separation net body, so that the water inlet separation net forms a water diversion flow channel which is continuously bent; and the distance between every two adjacent water blocking parts is reduced in sequence. The water diversion flow channel is designed to be bent, and the distance between every two adjacent water blocking parts is sequentially reduced, so that the flow speed of raw water is gradually increased, on the basis that the water diversion flow channel is designed to be relatively long, the flow speed of the raw water can be maintained to be gradually increased, the raw water spirally flows in the water diversion flow channel, and the flow area of the raw water is gradually reduced; the shear flow velocity of the concentrated water end is improved, and concentration polarization caused by poor water quality of the concentrated water end is weakened, so that the reverse osmosis membrane can more effectively resist pollution and blockage.

The invention provides a positive pole piece, a preparation method thereof and a lithium ion battery. The positive pole piece comprises a positive current collector and a negative current collector, the first active coating is arranged on the surface of at least one side of the positive electrode current collector; the raw materials of the first active coating comprise a first main material, a first conductive agent and a low-swelling binder; the second active coating is arranged on the surface of one side, relatively far away from the positive electrode current collector, of the first active coating; and raw materials of the second active coating comprise a second main material, a second conductive agent and a high-swelling binder. Different types of binders are introduced into the first active coating and the second active coating, so that the tortuosity and porosity of the pole piece are changed, the diffusion rate of lithium ions is effectively improved, the concentration polarization of the surface layer of the pole piece is reduced, and the rate and cycle performance of the battery are remarkably improved. Particularly, the positive pole piece can achieve the goal of improving the multiplying power and the cycle performance without increasing the proportion of the conductive agent.

The novel electrochemical sewage treatment equipment comprises an electrolytic tank, a voltage-stabilized source, electrode plates and a cleaning and stirring structure, liquid inlet and outlet pipes are arranged on the two sides of the electrolytic tank, the electrode plates are arranged on the opposite side walls in the electrolytic tank, the voltage-stabilized source is arranged on the side wall of the electrolytic tank, the electrode plates are electrically connected with the voltage-stabilized source, and the cleaning and stirring structure is arranged in the electrolytic tank. The cleaning and stirring structure is arranged in the electrolytic tank; the cleaning and stirring structure comprises stirring shafts, a driving shaft and a driving motor, a driving shell is arranged on one side of the electrolytic tank, the stirring shafts are rotationally arranged on the opposite side walls in the electrolytic tank, and the number of the stirring shafts is three. The utility model relates to the technical field of sewage treatment equipment, and particularly provides novel electrochemical sewage treatment equipment which can be used for cleaning an anode plate and simultaneously can be used for conveniently cleaning dirt sediments.

The utility model relates to a vibrating MBR membrane device and a vibrating MBR membrane sewage treatment system, which are characterized in that the vibrating MBR membrane sewage treatment system comprises an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank, an MBR membrane tank and a clear water tank which are sequentially arranged according to a water flow sequence, the anaerobic tank is provided with a water inlet, the clear water tank is provided with a clear water discharge pipe, and the anoxic tank is provided with a water outlet. A vibrating MBR membrane device is arranged in the MBR membrane tank and comprises a rack, a moving frame which is erected at the top of the rack and slides along the rack, an MBR membrane assembly arranged on the moving frame and a crankshaft driving mechanism for driving the moving frame to do reciprocating linear motion. And the MBR membrane tank is also communicated with the anoxic tank through a steam stripping return pipe, and the anoxic tank is communicated with the anaerobic tank through a steam stripping return pipe. According to the utility model, not only is the sewage treatment effect greatly improved, but also the service life of the MBR membrane is prolonged, and the energy consumption is saved.

The invention provides an electrolyte and a lithium ion battery. The electrolyte comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-18% of lithium salt; 0.5%-10% of a film forming agent; 0.05%-5% of an impregnating compound; and the balance of a solvent; the structural formula of the impregnating compound is # imgabs0, R1-R6 are independently selected from any one of sulfonate groups, hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 alkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 alkoxy groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C10 cycloalkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C10 alkenyl groups and substituted or unsubstituted C2-C10 alkynyl groups, and at least one substituent group in the R1-R6 is halogen or sulfonate groups. The electrolyte has relatively low impedance, so that the cycle stability of the lithium ion battery under a fast charge condition is favorably improved.

The invention provides a novel all-vanadium redox flow battery without an electrode frame, which comprises two end plates on the outer side, two insulating plates and two collector plates which are sequentially arranged between the two end plates, and at least one integrated bipolar plate arranged between the two collector plates, a pair of electrodes and a proton exchange membrane are sequentially arranged on two sides of the integrated bipolar plate; the integrated bipolar plate comprises a bipolar plate body and electrolyte flow channel areas arranged in the middles of the two side faces of the bipolar plate body respectively, electrode grooves used for embedding electrodes are formed in the two side faces of the integrated bipolar plate, and the two electrodes are arranged on the outer side of the positive electrolyte flow channel area and the outer side of the negative electrolyte flow channel area respectively. The electrode frame, the electrode tank, the bipolar plate and the reaction flow channel region of the flow battery are integrally formed, the integration level is high, the bipolar plate is high in conductivity and excellent in mechanical property, and the electric pile performance of the flow battery is improved.

The invention discloses a simple preparation method of a high-performance film composite forward osmosis membrane, and belongs to the technical field of water treatment. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, selecting a basement membrane with an ultra-large aperture as a supporting layer of the TFC to relieve a concentration polarization phenomenon and provide a larger interface specific surface area for the growth of polyamide; then, a surfactant is introduced into the water-phase solution to further promote the improvement of the effective water delivery area of the membrane. And finally, carrying out interfacial polymerization reaction on the surface of the substrate membrane to synthesize the TFC-FO membrane with higher performance. The TFC-FO membrane prepared through the method has excellent water flux and interception performance, the FO performance of the TFC-FO membrane is continuously improved along with increase of the pore diameter of the supporting layer, and the application potential of the TFC-FO membrane in the technical field of water treatment is greatly improved.

The invention discloses an electrochemical microneedle patch, a device and a method for detecting a physiological marker in skin tissue fluid. The electrochemical microneedle patch comprises a patch as well as a counter electrode, a reference electrode and a working electrode which are fixed on the patch; the counter electrode, the reference electrode and the working electrode are converged on one side of the patch in a printed circuit mode to form a signal connecting port, and each of the counter electrode, the reference electrode and the working electrode comprises at least one conductive microneedle electrode; each conductive microneedle electrode is long enough to penetrate through the epidermal layer of the skin and reach the corium layer, the conductive microneedle electrode of the working electrode is provided with a detection component for detecting a physiological marker in skin tissue fluid, and the outer surface of the conductive microneedle electrode is covered with a hydrogel layer; the hydrogel layer has a net-shaped structure which can form a swelling layer without dissolution after absorbing skin tissue fluid in the corium layer, and the net-shaped structure allows the to-be-detected physiological marker to diffuse into or move away from the surface of the working electrode. According to the invention, the stability of the current signal can be improved, the problems of signal distortion and instability and the like are reduced, and the method is suitable for long-time online detection.

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a gradient polymerized solid-state battery electrode, and belongs to the technical field of chemical power sources. The method specifically comprises the following steps that NASICON type inorganic solid-state electrolyte Na3Zr2Si2PO12 is distributed in an electrode material in a gradient mode to prepare a pole piece, an electrolyte precursor solution containing cyclic ether monomers and an initiator is injected into the pole piece, the NASICON type inorganic solid-state electrolyte Na3Zr2Si2PO12 distributed in the gradient mode inhibits the action of the initiator and the cyclic ether monomers, and the cyclic ether monomers and the cyclic ether monomers are separated from each other. The gradient polymerization of the cyclic ether-based polymer electrolyte in the electrode is realized, the gradient polymerized solid-state battery electrode is obtained, and the additive amount gradient of the NASICON type inorganic solid-state electrolyte Na3Zr2Si2PO12 is reduced in the direction from the near current collector to the far away from the current collector. The invention provides an innovative electrode scheme for the realization of a high-power and high-cycle-stability solid-state battery.

The invention discloses a method for selectively separating valuable metals from a positive electrode material of a waste lithium battery, and belongs to the technical field of resource recycling of waste lithium ion batteries. The method comprises the following steps: preparing an aprotic deep eutectic solvent (DES) as a leaching agent and an electrolyte at the same time; the method comprises the following steps: adding a waste positive electrode material into DES, and leaching to obtain a DES leaching-electrolyte system; according to the method, the pulse voltage is applied in stages, selective separation of nickel, cobalt and manganese is achieved by controlling the pulse peak voltage (the first stage is-0.8 V to-1.0 V, the second stage is-1.0 V to-1.2 V, and the third stage is-1.2 V to-1.5 V), and the pulse frequency and the duty ratio are used for regulating and enhancing mass transfer and restraining side reactions. According to the method, the metal deposition potential difference is expanded through DES coordination regulation and control, efficient selective separation of nickel, cobalt and manganese is achieved in combination with pulse step-by-step voltage control, and the method has the advantages of being high in separation efficiency, few in side reaction, simplified in process, high in product purity and the like.

The application discloses a kind of composite negative electrode material for all-solid-state iron air battery, its negative electrode and battery.The composite negative electrode material is composed of active substance and functional additive;Active substance is iron oxide doped with chemical element M, M is selected from one or more of W, Cr, Ti, Mn, V, Mo, Nb, Zr, Hf, Sn, Sb and Bi;Functional additive includes oxygen ion conductor and perovskite material.The application forms stable ion conductive network in situ during the reduction of iron oxide by doping with specific elements, and constructs multi-level composite conductive structure by combining oxygen ion conductor and perovskite, effectively solves the problem of ion transport collapse caused by phase change during the cycle of conversion-type negative electrode, significantly improves the coulomb efficiency, capacity development and cycle stability of all-solid-state iron air battery.

The invention relates to an application of a photoresponse asymmetric nanofluid film in reverse electrodialysis power generation. The invention belongs to the field of nanofluid films. The invention aims to solve the technical problems of insufficient ion selectivity and low ion flux of the existing ion selective membrane. The fluid film is formed by stacking a film layer with a two-dimensional channel and a film layer with a three-dimensional channel, the film layer is formed by stacking a layer of functionalized GO sheets, the film layer is formed by stacking a layer of one-dimensional MoS2 / CdS nanowires, the two film layers are different in electric quantity, part of pore channels are communicated, and the pore diameters are different. The fluid film is applied to a light-assisted or non-light-assisted salinity gradient energy power generation system and shows excellent performance. In addition, the fluid membrane disclosed by the invention has practical application value, and sustainable electric power is provided for small-sized electronic equipment by the series configuration of the integrated asymmetric nano fluid membrane osmotic energy batteries.

A self-series tubular membrane module relates to the technical field of tubular membranes and comprises a membrane shell, permeate outlets are respectively arranged at positions, close to two ends, outside the membrane shell, a certain number of membrane tubes and lining tube sleeves are arranged inside the membrane shell, lining end plates are arranged in ports at two ends, end covers are arranged at two ends of the membrane shell, and connecting shafts are arranged between the lining end plates and the end covers. A locking nut is arranged at the outer end of the connecting shaft, water inlet and outlet connectors are symmetrically arranged on the end covers on the two sides of the locking nut, a certain number of 180-degree elbows are arranged in the end covers, and the two ends of the membrane tube are communicated with the 180-degree elbows and the water inlet and outlet connectors. The tubular membrane component adopts a self-series structure design, so that the end head of the membrane component is provided with a 180-degree elbow, and the turbulence degree in the membrane tube is increased when the membrane component passes through the area every time, so that materials are not easily adsorbed on the surface of the membrane, and the concentration polarization is reduced.

The invention discloses a positive and negative pulse formation process for prolonging the floating charge life of a medium-large-density lead storage battery, and belongs to the technical field of lead-acid storage battery formation. The formation process comprises the following steps: standing; carrying out constant-current charging; primary pulse charging and discharging; discharging at constant current; carrying out secondary pulse charging and discharging; discharging at constant current; carrying out tertiary pulse charging and discharging; carrying out constant-current charging; judging capacity; carrying out fourth pulse charging and discharging; and constant-current charging is stopped. The specific parameters of the positive and negative pulse charging and discharging process are as follows: the current rising slope is 90-110 A / s, the amplitude of the positive pulse is 0.30-0.50 C, and the width is 3-6 s; the current drop slope is 90-110A / s, the amplitude of the negative pulse is 0.20-0.40 C, and the width of the negative pulse is 1-3s. By utilizing a pulse formation process, electrochemical corrosion of the positive grid can be avoided, and the floating charge life of the battery is prolonged.

The invention relates to the technical field of plant beverage concentration, in particular to plant beverage production concentration equipment which comprises an outer tank body, an inner tank body is arranged in the outer tank body, a vacuum pumping mechanism is installed on one side of the top end of the outer tank body, and a sealing piston is connected into the inner tank body in a sealed and sliding mode. The sealing piston is driven by a telescopic mechanism installed on the outer tank body, a rotary connecting pipe is fixedly installed at the lower end of the sealing piston, a steam supply mechanism is connected to the upper end of the rotary connecting pipe, and a plurality of magnetic pipes communicating with the interior of the air guide pipe are fixedly installed at the lower end of the air guide pipe at equal angles; and a plurality of electromagnetic plates are fixedly mounted on the side wall of the inner tank body at equal angles. On one hand, the concentration efficiency of the plant beverage can be improved, meanwhile, the nutritional ingredients and flavor of the plant beverage can be better reserved, on the other hand, solute can be prevented from being deposited on the surface of the nanofiltration membrane, and the anti-blocking effect of the nanofiltration membrane is enhanced.

The utility model relates to the technical field of circuit board processing, in particular to a current adjusting device for circuit board electroplating, which comprises an electroplating box, a portal frame is mounted in the middle of the top of the electroplating box, an electric cylinder is mounted in the middle of the top of the portal frame, and the output end of the electric cylinder is fixedly mounted in the middle of the top of a transverse plate. A rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the side, away from the anode, of the transverse plate, a clamping assembly is arranged at the bottom of the rotating shaft, a conductive slip ring connected with the cathode of the current regulator is mounted at the top of the rotating shaft, a stirring shaft is rotatably mounted on the other side of the transverse plate, and a plurality of stirring rods are mounted below the outer side wall of the stirring shaft. The electric cylinder drives the transverse plate to ascend, the U-shaped plate can be driven to ascend, the U-shaped plate drives a circuit board to ascend to leave electroplating liquid in the electroplating box, when a worker takes the circuit board, fingers do not need to stretch into the electroplating liquid, and harm to the fingers is reduced.

The present invention provides an electrolysis or electrolysis device and an installation method of the device, belonging to the technical field of electrolysis and electrolysis equipment for nonferrous metal hydrometallurgy. The electrolysis or electrolysis device realizes that under the same electrolyte feed pressure, the electrolyte has a higher outlet lift at the liquid feed nozzle of the main liquid feed device, and a lower outlet lift at the liquid feed nozzle of the auxiliary liquid feed device, so that the main liquid feed device has a greater pulling speed for metal ions in the electrolyte than the auxiliary liquid feed device, so as to facilitate the sedimentation of anode mud and inhibit the generation of floating anode mud, and effectively weaken the anode passivation phenomenon on the surface of the anode plate; at the same time, the electrolyte entering the tank body through the auxiliary liquid feed device can effectively supplement the kinetic energy and heat required for the circulation of the solution in the tank body, which is helpful to maintain the temperature balance of the solution in the tank body, avoid the generation of local supercooling or overheating, and effectively weaken the concentration polarization phenomenon on the surface of the cathode plate.

The utility model provides an electrode plate of a lithium ion battery. The electrode plate comprises a current collector and an active material layer, the active material layer comprises active material particles, porous nanofibers are distributed among the active material particles, the active material layer comprises n sub-layers, n is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 10, and the diameters of the porous nanofibers in the n sub-layers are sequentially reduced and / or the mass contents of the porous nanofibers in the n sub-layers are sequentially reduced from the surface layer of the pole piece to the current collector; and the thickness of the active material layer is 40-100 [mu] m. The electrode plate provided by the utility model has more excellent liquid absorption and liquid retention performance, increases electrolyte rapid diffusion channels, can greatly improve wettability of a thick electrode, improves ionic conductance of the electrode plate, reduces concentration polarization in the thickness direction of the electrode plate, and solves the problems of SOC difference in the thickness direction of the electrode plate and low capacitance, rate difference and circulation difference of the thick electrode.

The negative electrode material comprises graphite, holes are formed in the interior and / or the surface of the graphite, the pore volume of the negative electrode material is V cm < 3 > / kg, the specific surface area of the negative electrode material is S m < 2 > / g, the tap density of the negative electrode material is Tg / cc, and the negative electrode material meets the condition that V * S / T is larger than or equal to 6 and smaller than or equal to 10. The overall distribution condition of defects such as pore channels, crystal lattices and microcracks in graphite particles can be reflected by constructing the ratio relation of the specific surface area and the pore volume of the negative electrode material and the tap density of the negative electrode material, and within the limited range, when the negative electrode material is made into an electrode to be applied to a battery, the electrode has the good stability. Defects in the negative electrode material are uniformly distributed, and the uniformly distributed defect structure can reduce the expansion of the graphite negative electrode material in the charging and discharging process and improve the electrical property and the processability.

This invention belongs to the field of metal refining processes and provides a parallel flow copper electrolytic refining process. The process involves setting up a balance tank outside the copper electrolytic cell, with crude copper anode plates and stainless steel cathode plates alternately arranged inside the cell and guided by flow guides. A cathode-wall flow channel is formed between the flow guides and the cell wall. Slit nozzles are set on the flow guides along the length of the cell, allowing the electrolyte to be sprayed from the cell side onto the cathode surface and form a parallel flow along the cathode wall. An anode collecting tank is set at the bottom of the copper electrolytic cell. A hydrodynamic barrier is constructed by adjusting the pressure difference between the cathode-wall flow channel and the anode collecting tank, inhibiting the migration of anode sludge to the cathode. The impurity-rich electrolyte from the anode collecting tank is introduced into an online impurity removal unit for treatment and then returned to the balance tank. After mixing with the electrolyte in the cathode circulation branch, it re-enters the cathode-wall flow channel, thereby obtaining cathode copper with uniform composition and controlled impurities.

This invention discloses an apparatus and method for rapidly separating small molecule compounds from traditional Chinese medicinal materials, relating to the field of extraction and separation technology of traditional Chinese medicinal materials. The apparatus for rapidly separating small molecule compounds from traditional Chinese medicinal materials includes: a material tank, a filter screen, a delivery pipe, and a membrane module. The material tank is used to contain the medicinal materials and solvent, and a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the material tank; the filter screen is positioned above the discharge port; one end of the delivery pipe is connected to the discharge port of the material tank, and a pump is installed on the delivery pipe; the inlet of the membrane module is connected to the other end of the delivery pipe, and the retentate outlet of the membrane module is connected to the material tank; when the pump is turned on, it can pump the medicinal solution in the material tank to the membrane module. This invention can reduce production costs and operational difficulty, and improve production efficiency.

This invention discloses a dynamically responsive electrolyte, its preparation method, and its applications. The electrolyte comprises a soluble metal salt, an active metal cation, an electric field-responsive ligand, and a self-healing additive. The molar ratio of the soluble metal salt, active metal cation, electric field-responsive ligand, and self-healing additive is 1:(0.05~6.0):(0.001~0.2):(3~100). The concentration of the soluble metal salt in the solvent is 0.2M to 5.0M. This electrolyte can intelligently and dynamically respond to changes in the local electrochemical environment, exhibiting the characteristics of actively intervening in and inhibiting dendrite growth.

The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical energy storage materials and preparation, and discloses a forestry and agricultural residue-based carbon material and application thereof in a zinc ion battery, the forestry and agricultural residue-based carbon material is prepared by taking forestry and agricultural residues as raw materials through cellulose extraction, three-dimensional skeleton construction through aerogel, high-temperature carbonization, potassium hydroxide activation pore-forming and electrochemical surface modification. The obtained carbon material has a three-dimensional hierarchical connected network structure composed of micropores, mesopores and macropores, and the surface of the carbon material is rich in oxygen-containing zinc-loving sites for inducing uniform deposition of zinc. When being used as a zinc-free negative electrode carrier of a zinc ion battery, the hierarchical pore structure effectively reduces local current density and buffers deposition volume expansion, and surface zinc-loving sites obviously reduce nucleation overpotential. Through cooperative regulation and control of a physical structure and surface chemistry, zinc dendrite growth and hydrogen evolution side reaction are effectively inhibited, coulombic efficiency, long cycle stability and rate capability of the battery are greatly improved, the process is controllable, and the cost is low.

The present application relates to the technical field of lithium battery electrolytes, and discloses an electrolyte resistant to high voltage and wide temperature range, a lithium battery and its application. The electrolyte resistant to high voltage and wide temperature range includes a composite solvent and an electrolyte; the electrolyte includes LiFBr, LiPF6, LiTFSI, LiFSI, LiDFOB and LiBOB; the composite solvent includes a main solvent with electron donor ability, a diluent for improving the fluidity of the electrolyte, and an additive for improving the solubility of the solute and the ionic conductivity. The electrolyte of the present application uses a composite solvent to form a diversified solvation structure, and uses a variety of lithium salt electrolytes to increase the mixing entropy to enhance the solubility of specific salts, so that a variety of anion groups in the electrolyte interact with lithium ions to form a fluorinated high-entropy local high-concentration electrolyte, which helps to form an inorganic-rich SEI and CEI layer, which has high conductivity, can achieve a more stable electrode / electrolyte interface and a higher lithium ion mobility, and significantly improve the performance of lithium batteries.

The utility model relates to an electrodialysis testing device which comprises a support and an electric control cabinet fixedly connected to the top of the support, a controller is arranged in the electric control cabinet, five centrifugal pumps are fixedly connected to the top of the support, the input ends of the centrifugal pumps are communicated with inlet pipelines, and stock solution is pumped into the corresponding centrifugal pumps through the corresponding inlet pipelines. The top of the support is fixedly connected with five core filters, the output ends of the centrifugal pumps are communicated with the corresponding core filters, the top of the support is fixedly connected with five electrodialysis units, and the output ends of the core filters are communicated with the corresponding electrodialysis units through a control part. The utility model relates to the technical field of electrodialysis tests. According to the utility model, the stock solution can be pumped into the corresponding dialysis tanks by using different centrifugal pumps according to different salt contents of the stock solution, and the output liquid after dialysis is pumped into another dialysis tank through another centrifugal pump until qualified filtrate is finally produced, so that the stock solution is filtered in a grading manner, and the salt removal rate of the stock solution is improved.

The utility model relates to the technical field of electroplating processing, and discloses a closed constant-temperature electroplating processing tank which comprises an electroplating tank body, a cover plate is arranged at the upper end of the electroplating tank body, a fixed groove is formed in the middle of the cover plate, a threaded rod is rotationally connected into the fixed groove, a movable plate is in threaded connection with the threaded rod, and a gear is rotationally connected to the middle of the lower end of the movable plate; the middle of the lower end of a gear is fixedly connected with a rotating rod, the lower end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected with a mounting frame, a mounting rod is clamped in the mounting frame, and the two sides of the lower end of the mounting rod are fixedly connected with workpiece hanging frames. According to the workpiece hanging rack, the workpiece hanging rack can be directly hung on the mounting rack without extending by means of a tool when being mounted on the mounting rack, so that the workpiece is more convenient to mount, and the workpiece hanging rack can be mounted on the mounting rack for electroplating processing by adopting a clamping manner.

The invention relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, in particular to a lithium battery electrode, a preparation method thereof and a lithium ion battery. The electrode comprises a current collector and a composite coating on the current collector, wherein the coating is formed by combining an interface function layer on the outer side and a current collector function layer on the inner side through a middle area with continuous transition of components and structures. Wherein the interface function layer adopts an active substance with an average particle size D50 of 1-5 [mu] m and contains a conductive agent accounting for 4-8% of the dry weight; and the current collector functional layer adopts an active substance with an average particle size D50 of 8-15 [mu] m, and the mass ratio of the active substance is not less than 94%. The preparation method comprises the following steps: sequentially coating the first slurry and the second slurry by using a coating die head to form a composite wet film, and then drying and rolling. According to the invention, by constructing a continuous gradient structure, an interlayer clear interface is effectively eliminated, the ion diffusion and electron conduction capabilities of the electrode are synergistically improved, and the rate capability and the cycling stability are remarkably improved while the high energy density is maintained.

The negative electrode material comprises graphite, holes are formed in the interior and / or the surface of the graphite, the pore volume of the negative electrode material is V cm < 3 > / kg, the specific surface area of the negative electrode material is S m < 2 > / g, the tap density of the negative electrode material is Tg / cc, and the negative electrode material meets the condition that V * S / T is larger than or equal to 6 and smaller than or equal to 8; the particle size of the negative electrode material meets the following relational expressions: 1.2 < = (D90-D10) / D50 < = 1.8, 14 < = D50 < = 18 < = 14 < = D50. The overall distribution condition of defects such as pore channels, crystal lattices and microcracks in graphite particles can be reflected by constructing the ratio relation of the specific surface area and the pore volume of the negative electrode material and the tap density of the negative electrode material, and within the limited range, when the negative electrode material is made into an electrode to be applied to a battery, the electrode has the good stability. Defects in the negative electrode material are uniformly distributed, and the uniformly distributed defect structure can reduce the expansion of the graphite negative electrode material in the charging and discharging process and improve the electrical property and the processability.

The application discloses a eutectic solvent system silver electrolytic polishing solution and application thereof; the polishing solution is prepared from raw materials and has the following mass fractions: a eutectic solvent base solution with a molar ratio of choline chloride to ethylene glycol being 1:1.5 to 1:2.5, 0.6 to 1.0 parts of 5,5-dimethylhydantoin, 0.9 to 2.0 parts of citric acid, 0.3 to 1.0 parts of urea and 0.1 to 0.5 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate; the application utilizes the multiple hydrogen bond cross-linking network formed by citric acid and DMH in the base solution to realize solubilization of a macromolecular complexing agent and reduce the viscosity of the system; through a dynamic step voltage polishing process and a homologous decomplexing post-processing method, the problems of low mass transfer efficiency, anode film residue and surface reduction blackening in a non-aqueous system are solved; the application can improve the mirror gloss of a silver workpiece surface, reduce the roughness to below 0.05 mu m and has high silver loading and excellent environmental stability.

This invention belongs to the field of micro / nano structure material design and battery energy storage technology, and relates to a method for preparing a three-dimensional graphene-COF interlocking material: First, by controlling the amination and reduction of graphene oxide, amine functional groups are precisely constructed on its surface, serving as active sites for heterogeneous assembly; then, in solution blending, the enhanced multiple intermolecular forces between the amine groups and the COF precursor drive the COF units to undergo oriented adsorption and two-dimensional ordered pre-assembly on the graphene surface, forming a molecular-level anchor array; subsequently, through a solvothermal reaction, interfacial covalent condensation and π-plane-induced epitaxial growth are synergistically achieved, causing the COF layer to crystallize and form a strongly coupled heterojunction with the deeply reduced and structurally repaired graphene at the molecular level; finally, after freeze-drying and shaping, a dual continuous conductive network carrier with a stable heterointerface, three-dimensional interlocking channels, and an intrinsic built-in electric field is obtained.