Expanding excavation device and method for variable-diameter tunnel

Abstract

The invention discloses an expanding excavation device and method for a variable-diameter tunnel, the expanding excavation device for the variable-diameter tunnel comprises a reaction frame and a breaking hammer device, the reaction frame is arranged on an equipment bridge of a TBM host, the reaction frame is slidably connected with the equipment bridge, and the breaking hammer device is arranged on the equipment bridge. The driving mechanism is connected with the counter-force frame and used for driving the counter-force frame to move in the extending direction of the equipment bridge and in the direction of the inner wall of the tunnel, the multiple breaking hammer devices are connected with the telescopic support and evenly distributed with the tunnel axis as the axis, and the telescopic support is connected with the equipment bridge. The breaking hammer device is used for tunnel expanding excavation. The expanding excavation device for the variable-diameter tunnel has the advantages that the tunnel excavation effect is improved, and the expanding excavation requirement is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel TBM construction, and in particular to a device and method for expanding and excavating a variable-diameter tunnel. Background Art

[0002] With the vigorous development of tunnel engineering, the demand for traffic engineering and water diversion engineering has increased, and tunnel construction has become more and more extensive. In particular, long-distance tunnel construction has become more extensive. In tunnel design, the tunnel has a variable diameter, and the original tunnel boring machine cannot meet the construction of variable diameter tunnels. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art to at least a certain extent. To this end, an embodiment of the present invention provides an expansion device for a variable diameter tunnel, which has the advantages of improving tunnel excavation efficiency and meeting expansion requirements.

[0004] According to the excavation device for a variable diameter tunnel of an embodiment of the present invention, the excavation device for a variable diameter tunnel includes a reaction frame and a breaker device, the reaction frame is arranged on the equipment bridge of the TBM main machine, the reaction frame is slidably connected to the equipment bridge, a driving mechanism is connected to the reaction frame to drive the reaction frame to move along the extension direction of the equipment bridge and toward the inner wall of the tunnel, a plurality of the breaker devices are connected to a telescopic bracket and are evenly distributed with the tunnel axis as the axis, the telescopic bracket is connected to the equipment bridge, and the breaker device is used for tunnel excavation.

[0005] The excavation device for the variable diameter tunnel according to the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of improving the tunnel excavation efficiency, meeting the construction and excavation requirements of different sections of the same tunnel, and continuous tunnel construction. The present application has the following advantages: the equipment cost is reduced by modifying the TBM; the reaction frame tightens the inner wall of the tunnel to provide a propulsion reaction force for the TBM, replacing the role of the pipe segment in providing reaction force; the breaker is used to expand the tunnel, and a support device is configured to achieve an integrated excavation support function. Compared with the traditional drilling and blasting method, the use of TBM to excavate the main tunnel and the breaker to expand the tunnel boundary can greatly improve the construction efficiency and save the construction period.

[0006] In some embodiments, the driving mechanism includes a moving cylinder and a supporting cylinder, the moving cylinder is connected to the supporting cylinder, the moving cylinder is connected to the equipment bridge to drive the supporting cylinder and the reaction frame to move along the extension direction of the equipment bridge, and the supporting cylinder is used to drive the reaction frame to move toward the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0007] In some embodiments, the telescopic bracket can be telescoped relative to the inner wall of the tunnel so as to move the breaker device relative to the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0008] In some embodiments, a pulley is provided on the reaction frame, and the pulley is slidably matched with the equipment bridge.

[0009] In some embodiments, the reaction frame is an arc-shaped frame having an arc-shaped supporting surface for abutting against the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0010] In some embodiments, the excavation device of the variable diameter tunnel also includes a bucket elevator and a charging excavator. The bucket elevator is used to receive and transport the debris collected by the charging excavator to the slag conveyor belt. The charging excavator is located under the equipment bridge to collect the debris generated by the breaker device. The bucket elevator is connected to the equipment bridge.

[0011] In some embodiments, the excavation and digging device of the variable diameter tunnel further comprises an arch mounting device, wherein the arch mounting device is connected to the equipment bridge, and the arch mounting device is located between the breaker and the bucket elevator.

[0012] In some embodiments, the excavation device for the variable diameter tunnel further includes a wet spraying device, which is used to spray concrete onto the inner wall of the tunnel, and the wet spraying device is located on a side of the bucket elevator away from the TBM main machine.

[0013] According to the method for expanding a diameter-variable tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention, the method for expanding a diameter-variable tunnel comprises the following steps:

[0014] The support shield shoe of the TBM main machine extends out to contact the inner wall of the tunnel to provide reaction force, and the main push cylinder of the TBM main machine pushes the cutter head to excavate;

[0015] The support shield shoe is retracted, and the reaction frame on the equipment bridge of the TBM main machine is extended under the drive of the support cylinder to abut against the inner wall of the tunnel to provide reaction force, the front shield stabilizer cylinder of the TBM main machine is extended, and the auxiliary thrust cylinder of the TBM main machine is extended to abut against the reaction frame to push the cutter head to move so that the reaction frame slides relative to the equipment bridge;

[0016] The support shield shoe extends out to contact the inner wall of the tunnel to provide a reaction force, the support cylinder drives the reaction frame to retract, and the moving cylinder drives the reaction frame to move along the equipment bridge toward the cutter head;

[0017] The telescopic bracket on the equipment bridge drives the breaker device to contact the inner wall of the tunnel to expand the excavation;

[0018] The steel mesh and steel arch frame are installed on the inner wall of the expanded tunnel in turn, and the wet spraying device on the equipment bridge is turned on to spray concrete on the steel mesh and steel arch frame. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1It is a structural schematic diagram of a device and method for expanding a variable diameter tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a breaker hammer device of an expansion device and method for a variable diameter tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a reaction frame of an expansion device and method for a variable diameter tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure numerals: 1. TBM main machine; 2. reaction frame; 3. equipment bridge; 4. breaker device; 5. mobile cylinder; 6. supporting cylinder; 7. telescopic bracket; 8. bucket elevator; 9. charging excavator; 10. arch frame installation device; 11. wet spraying device; 12. auxiliary thrust cylinder; 13. support shoe; 14. support shield; 15. steel arch frame; 16. tunnel expansion line; 17. TBM excavation line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0024] According to the device for expanding and digging a variable diameter tunnel according to the embodiment of the present invention, the device for expanding and digging a variable diameter tunnel includes a reaction frame 2 and a breaker device 4. The reaction frame 2 is arranged on the equipment bridge 3 of the TBM main machine 1. The reaction frame 2 is slidably connected to the equipment bridge 3. The driving mechanism is connected to the reaction frame 2 to drive the reaction frame 2 to move along the extension direction of the equipment bridge 3 and toward the inner wall of the tunnel. A plurality of breaker devices 4 are connected to the telescopic bracket 7 and are evenly distributed with the tunnel axis as the axis. The telescopic bracket 7 is connected to the equipment bridge 3. The breaker device 4 is used for expanding and digging the tunnel. The shield tail and the segment assembler of the TBM excavation equipment are removed, and the reaction frame 2 is arranged on the original assembler beam and the equipment bridge 3 to meet the moving range of the reaction frame 2. The reaction frame 2 in the supporting state can also provide forward power for the TBM. The breaker device is used to expand and dig the tunnel to achieve tunnel diameter change. Figure 1 As shown, the TBM excavation line is the initial inner wall position of the tunnel, and the tunnel expansion line 16 is the inner wall position after the tunnel expansion operation is completed.

[0025] The excavation expansion device for a variable diameter tunnel according to the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of high tunnel excavation efficiency and meeting the excavation expansion requirements.

[0026] In some embodiments, the driving mechanism includes a moving cylinder 5 and a supporting cylinder 6. The moving cylinder 5 is connected to the supporting cylinder 6. The moving cylinder 5 is connected to the equipment bridge 3 to drive the supporting cylinder 6 and the reaction frame 2 to move along the extension direction of the equipment bridge 3. The supporting cylinder 6 is used to drive the reaction frame 2 to move toward the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0027] Specifically, the mobile cylinder 5 is connected to the equipment bridge 3. As the mobile cylinder 5 is extended or retracted, the reaction frame 2 will be driven to slide relative to the equipment bridge 3, thereby changing the support position of the reaction frame 2 on the inner wall of the tunnel. One end of the support cylinder 6 is connected to the mobile cylinder 5. The support cylinder 6 is perpendicular to the mobile cylinder 5. The telescopic end of the support cylinder 6 is connected to the reaction frame 2. As the support cylinder 6 is extended or retracted, the distance of the reaction frame 2 relative to the inner wall of the tunnel decreases or increases. The reaction frame 2 cooperates with the two cylinders in different directions of the driving mechanism to enable it to move flexibly on the equipment bridge 3. This helps to adjust the position of the reaction point according to the needs of tunnel expansion, improves the flexibility and adaptability of the expansion operation, and ensures that a stable reaction force can be provided under different geological conditions.

[0028] In some embodiments, the telescopic bracket 7 can be telescoped relative to the inner wall of the tunnel so as to move the breaker device 4 relative to the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0029] Specifically, the telescopic bracket 7 is connected to the equipment bridge 3. The distance between the telescopic bracket 7 and the inner wall of the tunnel can be reduced or increased as the telescopic bracket 7 is extended. The end of the telescopic bracket 7 is connected to the breaker device 4 to adjust the distance between the breaker device 4 and the inner wall of the tunnel. The telescopic bracket 7 moves the breaker device 4 to a preset excavation position for excavation. The uniform distribution of the breaker device 4 ensures the uniformity and efficiency of tunnel excavation, improves the speed and quality of tunnel excavation, and reduces tunnel structural problems caused by uneven excavation.

[0030] In some embodiments, a pulley is provided on the reaction frame 2 , and the pulley is slidably matched with the equipment bridge 3 .

[0031] Specifically, a pulley is provided on the reaction frame 2, and a slide groove can be formed on the side of the equipment bridge 3. The pulley slides in cooperation with the slide groove on the side of the equipment bridge 3. The reaction frame 2 slides relative to the equipment bridge 3 under the drive of the moving cylinder 5, and the pulley reduces the resistance to the movement of the reaction frame 2.

[0032] In some embodiments, the reaction frame 2 is an arc frame having an arc-shaped supporting surface for contacting with the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0033] Specifically, the arc-shaped frame body of the reaction frame 2 is used to abut against the inner wall of the tunnel to play a supporting role. The arc-shaped supporting surface of the arc-shaped frame increases the contact area between the reaction frame 2 and the tunnel to ensure the static friction between the two, which helps the TBM main machine 1 to move forward smoothly, improves the stability of the reaction frame 2, ensures the stability of the TBM main machine 1 when moving forward, and reduces the damage to the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0034] In some embodiments, the excavation device of the variable diameter tunnel also includes a bucket elevator 8 and a charging excavator 9. The bucket elevator 8 is used to receive and transport the debris collected by the charging excavator 9 to the slag conveyor. The charging excavator 9 is located under the equipment bridge 3 to collect the debris generated by the breaker device 4. The bucket elevator 8 is connected to the equipment bridge 3.

[0035] Specifically, the bucket elevator 8 is arranged on the equipment bridge 3 to collect the soil produced by the excavation of the breaker device 4 during the excavation operation and lift it to the slag conveyor, which transports the slag out of the tunnel. The charging excavator 9 is a small excavator placed under the equipment bridge 3 to clean up the slag produced by the breaker device 4.

[0036] In some embodiments, the excavation device for the variable diameter tunnel further includes an arch mounting device 10 , which is connected to the equipment bridge 3 , and is located between the breaker and the bucket elevator 8 .

[0037] Specifically, the equipment bridge 3 is provided with an arch installation device 10 for installing a steel arch 15, and can also assist in installing a steel mesh. The steel arch 15 is used to support the tunnel after the expansion is completed to ensure the structural strength of the tunnel. After the breaker excavation is completed, the steel arch 15 can be laid. After the steel arch 15 is arranged, a layer of steel mesh is arranged to further increase the structural strength. The safety of the tunnel expansion process is improved, and accidents such as tunnel collapse are prevented. The arch installation device 10 includes a hydraulic system, a clamp and a mechanical arm. The hydraulic system drives the mechanical arm to clamp and move the steel arch 15 to the target position through the clamp.

[0038] In some embodiments, the excavation device for the variable diameter tunnel further includes a wet spraying device 11, which is used to spray concrete onto the inner wall of the tunnel. The wet spraying device 11 is located on a side of the bucket elevator 8 away from the TBM main machine 1.

[0039] Specifically, the wet spraying device 11 is used to spray a layer of concrete onto the steel arch frame 15 and the steel mesh to complete the reinforcement of the tunnel.

[0040] According to the method for expanding a diameter-variable tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention, the method for expanding a diameter-variable tunnel comprises the following steps:

[0041] The support shield 14 of the TBM main machine 1 and the support shoe 13 extend to contact the inner wall of the tunnel to provide reaction force, and the main push cylinder of the TBM main machine 1 pushes the cutter head to excavate;

[0042] The support shield 14 and the support shoe 13 are retracted, and the reaction frame 2 on the equipment bridge 3 of the TBM main machine 1 is extended under the drive of the support cylinder 6 to abut against the inner wall of the tunnel to provide reaction force, the front shield stabilizer cylinder of the TBM main machine 1 is extended, and the auxiliary thrust cylinder 12 of the TBM main machine 1 is extended to abut against the reaction frame 2 to push the cutter head to move so that the reaction frame 2 slides relative to the equipment bridge 3;

[0043] The support shield 14 and the support shoe 13 extend out to contact the inner wall of the tunnel to provide reaction force, the support cylinder 6 drives the reaction frame 2 to retract, and the moving cylinder 5 drives the reaction frame 2 to move along the equipment bridge 3 toward the cutter head;

[0044] The telescopic bracket 7 on the equipment bridge 3 drives the breaker device 4 to abut against the inner wall of the tunnel to expand the excavation;

[0045] The steel mesh and the steel arch frame 15 are installed on the inner wall of the tunnel after the expansion is completed, and the wet spraying device 11 on the equipment bridge 3 is turned on to spray concrete on the steel mesh and the steel arch frame 15.

[0046] After the auxiliary thrust cylinder 12 of the TBM main machine 1 is extended, it will abut against the reaction frame 2 in the supporting state, thereby driving the support shield 14 of the TBM main machine 1 to move forward. At this time, the reaction frame 2 provides reaction force for the equipment, and the main thrust cylinder of the TBM main machine 1 provides forward thrust for the cutter head. The main thrust cylinder and the auxiliary thrust cylinder 12 cooperate to realize the forward movement of the equipment. The support shield 14, the support shoe 13 and the reaction frame 2 all play the role of tightening the inner wall of the tunnel to provide reaction force, but the reaction frame 2 is for supporting the tunnel after expansion. The reaction frame 2 moves along the excavation direction relative to the equipment bridge 3 and the beam of the original segment assembly machine to leave the expansion section for subsequent expansion and support.

[0047] The technical advantages of the method for expanding a variable diameter tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention are the same as the technical advantages of the device for expanding a variable diameter tunnel described above, and will not be described in detail herein.

[0048] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0049] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0050] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0051] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0052] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0053] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. Changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for expanding and excavating a variable diameter tunnel, characterized in that: include: A reaction frame, wherein the reaction frame is arranged on the equipment bridge of the TBM main machine, the reaction frame is slidably connected to the equipment bridge, and a driving mechanism is connected to the reaction frame to drive the reaction frame to move along the extension direction of the equipment bridge and toward the inner wall of the tunnel; A breaker hammer device, wherein a plurality of the breaker hammer devices are connected to a telescopic bracket and are evenly distributed with the tunnel axis as the axis, the telescopic bracket is connected to the equipment bridge, and the breaker hammer device is used for tunnel expansion.

2. The device for expanding and excavating a variable diameter tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a moving cylinder and a supporting cylinder. The moving cylinder is connected to the supporting cylinder. The moving cylinder is connected to the equipment bridge to drive the supporting cylinder and the reaction frame to move along the extension direction of the equipment bridge. The supporting cylinder is used to drive the reaction frame to move toward the inner wall of the tunnel.

3. The device for expanding and excavating a variable diameter tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic bracket can be telescopic relative to the inner wall of the tunnel so as to enable the breaker device to move relative to the inner wall of the tunnel.

4. The device for expanding and excavating a variable diameter tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pulley is arranged on the reaction frame, and the pulley is slidably matched with the equipment bridge.

5. The device for expanding and excavating a variable diameter tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reaction frame is an arc-shaped frame having an arc-shaped supporting surface for contacting with the inner wall of the tunnel.

6. The device for expanding and excavating a variable diameter tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a bucket elevator and a charging excavator. The bucket elevator is used to receive and transport the debris collected by the charging excavator to the slag conveyor belt. The charging excavator is located under the equipment bridge to collect the debris generated by the breaker device. The bucket elevator is connected to the equipment bridge.

7. The device for expanding and excavating a variable diameter tunnel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The excavation device for the variable diameter tunnel also includes an arch mounting device, which is connected to the equipment bridge and is located between the breaker and the bucket elevator.

8. The device for expanding and excavating a variable diameter tunnel according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a wet spraying device, which is used to spray concrete onto the inner wall of the tunnel. The wet spraying device is located on a side of the bucket elevator away from the TBM main machine.

9. A method for expanding a variable diameter tunnel, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The support shield shoe of the TBM main machine extends out to contact the inner wall of the tunnel to provide reaction force, and the main push cylinder of the TBM main machine pushes the cutter head to excavate; The support shield shoe is retracted, and the reaction frame on the equipment bridge of the TBM main machine is extended under the drive of the support cylinder to abut against the inner wall of the tunnel to provide reaction force, the front shield stabilizer cylinder of the TBM main machine is extended, and the auxiliary thrust cylinder of the TBM main machine is extended to abut against the reaction frame to push the cutter head to move so that the reaction frame slides relative to the equipment bridge; The support shield shoe extends out to contact the inner wall of the tunnel to provide a reaction force, the support cylinder drives the reaction frame to retract, and the moving cylinder drives the reaction frame to move along the equipment bridge toward the cutter head; The telescopic bracket on the equipment bridge drives the breaker device to contact the inner wall of the tunnel to expand the excavation; The steel mesh and steel arch frame are installed on the inner wall of the expanded tunnel in turn, and the wet spraying device on the equipment bridge is turned on to spray concrete on the steel mesh and steel arch frame.

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