Grain and oil heat pump drying water curtain dust removal and heat regeneration device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a grain and oil heat pump drying water curtain dust removal and heat regeneration device and method, a heat pump is provided with a heat exchanger and a drying fan, the heat exchanger is used for providing heat energy for the drying fan, and the grain and oil heat pump drying water curtain dust removal and heat regeneration device comprises a drying box and a water curtain, the air inlet end of the settling dust removal chamber is communicated with the drying box, the air outlet end of the settling dust removal chamber is communicated with the atmosphere, a flow channel is defined between the air inlet end and the air outlet end of the settling dust removal chamber, the flow channel is arranged in a winding mode and enables tail gas to flow from top to bottom, and dust in the tail gas can settle to the bottom of the flow channel. The flow channel is arranged in the settling dust removal chamber in a winding mode, tail gas is forced to flow in the flow channel from top to bottom and settles at the bottom of the flow channel by means of the gravity of the tail gas, meanwhile, the water curtain filler is arranged in the flow channel, and dust in the tail gas can be intercepted in the water curtain filler. The method has a good application prospect and a wide application range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of grain and oil crop drying equipment, and in particular to a grain and oil heat pump drying water curtain dust removal and heat recovery device and method. Background Art

[0002] Drying is the first step in the post-harvest processing of grain and oil crops such as cereals, peanuts and oil tea. Timely and efficient drying plays an important role in ensuring grain and oil safety and improving quality and efficiency.

[0003] Heat pump technology is a low-energy, high-efficiency heat recovery grain and oil drying technology, which has good application prospects in the field of grain and oil drying. However, grain and oil drying will produce tail gas emissions, and the dust pollution in the tail gas is serious. If the tail gas dust removal equipment is invested, the drying cost will be too high. The use of heat pump technology is affected by the ambient temperature. It can be used normally and efficiently during the summer harvest. When the temperature drops during the autumn harvest, the environment can absorb less heat, and the heating efficiency of the heat pump drops significantly, resulting in the inability to dry grain and oil crops or poor drying effect.

[0004] In view of this, how to provide a heat pump drying device that can remove dust from exhaust gas and is not affected by ambient temperature is a problem that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a grain and oil heat pump drying water curtain dust removal and heat recovery device and method to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a grain and oil heat pump drying water curtain dust removal and heat recovery device, the heat pump has a heat exchanger and a drying fan, the heat exchanger is used to provide heat energy for the drying fan, including: A drying box, connected to the drying fan, for drying grain and oil crops; The sedimentation dust removal chamber has an air inlet end connected to the drying box and an air outlet end connected to the atmosphere. The sedimentation dust removal chamber defines a flow channel between the air inlet end and the air outlet end. The flow channel is arranged in a winding manner and can make the exhaust gas flow from top to bottom, and the dust in the exhaust gas can settle to the bottom of the flow channel.

[0007] Furthermore, a containing cavity is defined in the sedimentation and dust removal chamber, a plurality of baffles are arranged in the containing cavity, and the baffles and the inner side walls of the containing cavity form the flow channel.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes: An air outlet duct, one end of which is connected to the air outlet end of the sedimentation dust removal chamber, and the other end of which is connected to the atmosphere; An exhaust fan is arranged at the other end of the air outlet duct; The water curtain dust removal device comprises a water curtain filler, wherein the water curtain filler is arranged in the air outlet duct, and when the exhaust gas passes through the water curtain filler, the dust in the exhaust gas can be trapped in the water curtain filler.

[0009] Furthermore, the water curtain dust removal device comprises: An upper water tank is arranged on the upper surface of the air outlet duct and is connected with the top of the water curtain filler; The lower water tank is arranged on the lower surface of the air outlet duct and is connected with the bottom of the water curtain filler; the water in the upper water tank can flow from top to bottom through the water curtain filler and enter the lower water tank.

[0010] Furthermore, the heat exchanger has a circulating water exchange circuit, which has a hot water inlet and a cold water outlet. The hot water inlet is connected to the lower water tank, and the cold water outlet is connected to the upper water tank. A circulating water pump is provided on the circulating water exchange circuit to circulate sewage in the circulating water exchange circuit.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes: A water purification mechanism, wherein the lower water tank is provided with a water inlet and an overflow port through the inner and outer surfaces, the water inlet is higher than the overflow port, the overflow port is connected to the sewage inlet end of the water purification mechanism, and the water inlet is connected to the purified water outlet end of the water purification mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, the water purification mechanism comprises: A purification pool, wherein the sewage inlet is arranged near the upper section of the purification pool, and the clean water outlet is arranged near the lower section of the purification pool, and a multi-layer purification net is arranged between the sewage inlet and the clean water outlet to filter out impurities in the sewage and turn the sewage into clean water; A water inlet pipe, one end of which is connected to the sewage inlet end, and the other end of which is connected to the overflow port; A water return pipe has one end connected to the purified water outlet and the other end connected to the water inlet. A booster water pump is provided on the water return pipe.

[0013] The present invention also provides a grain and oil heat pump drying water curtain dust removal and heat recovery method, using the grain and oil heat pump drying water curtain dust removal and heat recovery device, comprising the following steps: S1: Sewage flows into the circulating hot water exchange circuit from the hot water inlet, the heat exchanger exchanges heat with the circulating hot water exchange circuit and supplies heat to the drying fan. After the sewage is heat exchanged, it flows out from the cold water outlet and enters the upper water tank; the drying fan blows hot air to the drying box and generates tail gas, which enters the flow channel in the sedimentation and dust removal chamber from the air inlet; the exhaust fan starts, the tail gas meanders in the flow channel, and some dust in the tail gas settles at the bottom of the flow channel; S2: The sewage in the upper water tank flows through the water curtain filler by gravity to form a water curtain, and enters the lower water tank from the bottom of the water curtain filler; the exhaust gas enters the outlet duct from the outlet end. When the exhaust gas flows through the water curtain filler, the air in the exhaust gas passes through the water curtain filler and is discharged to the atmosphere. The dust in the exhaust gas is trapped in the water curtain filler, and the sewage absorbs the heat in the exhaust gas and flows into the lower water tank; S3: The sewage in the lower water tank flows into the hot water inlet through the circulating heat exchange circuit and into the water purification mechanism through the overflow port. The sewage is purified in the water purification mechanism to form clean water and flows back to the lower water tank from the water inlet.

[0014] Furthermore, the purified water was refluxed for 5 min every 15 min.

[0015] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: 1. A flow channel is arranged in a winding manner in the sedimentation dust removal chamber, forcing the exhaust gas to flow from top to bottom in the flow channel and settle at the bottom of the flow channel by its own gravity. At the same time, a water curtain filler is arranged in the flow channel, and the dust in the exhaust gas can be trapped in the water curtain filler. Compared with the prior art, this application can achieve exhaust dust removal with low-cost equipment, and has good application prospects and a wide range of applications.

[0016] 2. The exhaust gas is generated by the drying fan when drying grain and oil crops, so the exhaust gas contains a certain amount of thermal energy. The present application arranges an upper water tank and a lower water tank on the upper and lower sides of the water curtain filler respectively, and connects them with the heat exchanger of the heat pump through a circulating water exchange circuit to form a loop, using sewage as the circulating medium to achieve dust adsorption and sewage circulation; the sewage absorbs heat at the water curtain filler and releases heat at the heat exchanger, thereby realizing the recovery of exhaust gas heat, thereby ensuring that in scenarios where the temperature drops such as autumn harvest, sufficient heat pump heating efficiency can be maintained to ensure the drying effect of grain and oil crops.

[0017] 3. The present application diverts the sewage in the lower water tank, with part of it flowing into the circulating water exchange circuit as the circulating medium and then exchanging heat with the heat exchanger, and the rest is sent to the water purification mechanism through the overflow port for purification into clean water, and then flows back to the lower water tank through the water inlet. The water purification mechanism can process a certain amount of sewage and avoid excessive dust and impurities in the circulating water exchange circuit, which may cause blockage of the water circuit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention (drying box is not shown); Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water curtain dust removal device; Among them, 1. heat exchanger; 2. drying fan; 3. electrical control system; 4. sedimentation and dust removal chamber; 5. circulating water pump; 6. exhaust fan; 7. upper water tank; 8. water curtain filler; 9. lower water tank; 10. air outlet duct; 11. return pipe; 12. booster pump; 13. purification pool; 14. water inlet pipe; 15. overflow port; 16. water inlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] The embodiment of the present invention provides a grain and oil heat pump drying water curtain dust removal and heat recovery device. The heat pump has a heat exchanger 1 and a drying fan 2. The heat exchanger 1 is a shell and tube heat exchanger 1. The heat exchanger 1 has a copper tube and a shell tube. The copper tube carries refrigerant and the shell tube carries water. The refrigerant can exchange heat with water (specifically absorb heat in this embodiment). After the refrigerant absorbs heat, it provides heat energy for the drying fan 2, so that the drying fan 2 can output hot air. The drying box is connected with the drying fan 2 for drying grain and oil crops. The drying fan 2 adopts a centrifugal fan with an external motor. The fan air volume is variable frequency adjustable. Different frequencies are adjusted according to the state of the grain and oil crops during the drying process. When the moisture content is high, high frequency and large air volume can be used to quickly drive the heated air and wet grain and oil materials to complete heat and moisture exchange, thereby improving the drying efficiency. In the later stage of drying, due to the fast flow of grain and oil crops, excessive air volume is easy to cause the grain and oil crops to be sucked out, and the excessive drying rate in the later stage is easy to cause the cracking and broken rice rate to increase, affecting the drying quality of grain and oil crops. Low frequency and small air volume drying can be used.

[0023] The air inlet of the settling dust removal chamber 4 is connected to the drying box, and the air outlet is connected to the atmosphere. The hot air output by the drying fan 2 enters the drying box to dry the grain and oil crops and generate tail gas. The tail gas enters the settling dust removal chamber 4 from the air inlet. The settling dust removal chamber 4 defines a flow channel between the air inlet and the air outlet. The flow channel is arranged in a winding manner in the up and down direction. After the tail gas enters the flow channel, it can move from top to bottom or from bottom to top. The dust in the tail gas settles to the bottom of the flow channel by its own gravity. In this embodiment, the settling dust removal chamber 4 adopts an I-beam steel frame structure, and the surrounding area can be sealed with an insulation board or a concrete brick wall or a combination of the two to form a sealing structure. A accommodating cavity is defined in the settling dust removal chamber 4, and a plurality of baffles are arranged in the accommodating cavity. The baffle and the inner side wall of the accommodating cavity form a flow channel.

[0024] In this embodiment, it also includes: an air outlet duct 10, one end of which is connected to the air outlet end of the sedimentation dust removal chamber 4, and the other end is connected to the atmosphere; the air outlet duct 10 is folded from a 0.6mm plate. The exhaust fan 6 is arranged at the other end of the air outlet duct 10; the exhaust fan 6 selects a waterproof axial flow fan or a Mal fan, and the main function of the exhaust fan 6 is to increase the exhaust air volume. Its control method needs to be combined with the sewage temperature of the lower water tank 9. When the sewage temperature is lower than the set value-deviation, the exhaust fan 6 air volume needs to be turned on or increased to accelerate heat exchange and increase water temperature; when the sewage temperature is higher than the set value+deviation, the exhaust fan 6 air volume needs to be turned off or reduced. The water curtain dust removal device has a water curtain filler 8, which is arranged in the air outlet duct 10. When the exhaust gas passes through the water curtain filler 8, the dust in the exhaust gas can be trapped in the water curtain filler 8.

[0025] In this embodiment, the water curtain dust removal device includes: an upper water tank 7, which is arranged on the upper surface of the air outlet duct 10 and communicated with the top of the water curtain filler 8; a lower water tank 9, which is arranged on the lower surface of the air outlet duct 10 and communicated with the bottom of the water curtain filler 8; the water in the upper water tank 7 can flow from top to bottom through the water curtain filler 8 and enter the lower water tank 9. The upper water tank 7 and the lower water tank 9 are both made of folded plates, and a 4-6mm long gap is opened at the bottom of the upper water tank 7 and the bottom of the lower water tank 9 for sewage to flow into the water curtain filler 8 or flow out from the water curtain seasoning. The lower water tank 9 can store 0.5 meters high water. The water curtain filler 8 adopts a large-aperture three-dimensional grid plastic filler, which is stacked in multiple layers with a fixed thickness. When the sewage flows from the upper water tank 7 to the lower water tank 9, a water film can be formed on the surface of the water curtain filler 8. In the process of the exhaust gas penetrating the water curtain filler 8, it is fully in contact with the water film to achieve the effect of dust reduction and temperature reduction. The water curtain filler 8 can be disassembled, cleaned or replaced from the side of the air outlet duct 10.

[0026] In this embodiment, the heat exchanger 1 has a circulating hot water exchange circuit, which has a hot water inlet and a cold water outlet. The hot water inlet is connected to the lower water tank 9, and the cold water outlet is connected to the upper water tank 7. A circulating water pump 5 is provided on the circulating hot water exchange circuit to circulate sewage in the circulating hot water exchange circuit; the circulating water pump 5 is a sewage pump, and the water supply volume must be normal.

[0027] In this embodiment, it also includes: a water purification mechanism, a lower water tank 9 is provided with a water inlet 16 and an overflow port 15 through the inner and outer surfaces, the water inlet 16 is higher than the overflow port 15, so that sewage always flows out of the overflow port 15, the overflow port 15 is connected to the sewage inlet end of the water purification mechanism, and the water inlet 16 is connected to the purified water outlet end of the water purification mechanism.

[0028] In this embodiment, the water purification mechanism includes: a purification pool 13, which can be appropriately larger according to the size of the grain and oil crop drying center, and is mainly built with brick walls, concrete, waterproof materials, tiles, steel bars, etc. The sewage inlet end is arranged near the upper section of the purification pool 13, and the clean water outlet end is arranged near the lower section of the purification pool 13. A multi-layer purification net is arranged between the sewage inlet end and the clean water outlet end to filter out impurities in the sewage. The purification net is from sparse to dense from top to bottom, and can turn sewage into clean water; one end of the water inlet pipe 14 is connected to the sewage inlet end, and the other end is connected to the overflow port 15; one end of the return pipe 11 is connected to the clean water outlet end, and the other end is connected to the water inlet 16. A booster pump 12 is arranged on the return pipe 11.

[0029] In this embodiment, an electrical control system 3 is also included, which is composed of an electrical box, a circuit breaker, an AC contactor, a material network module, a PLC module, and a touch screen. Delta PLC control is adopted to mainly control the exhaust fan 6, the booster water pump 12, detect the internal temperature of the air duct, the water temperature of the lower water tank 9, and the air temperature at the outlet of the exhaust fan 6, receive the signals of the circulating water pump 5 and the drying fan 2, determine whether the drying fan 2 is started, start the booster pump to supply water to the lower water tank 9 at a fixed time, control the start and stop of the exhaust fan 6 according to the water temperature of the lower water tank 9, and control the start time of the booster water pump 12 by calculating the running time of the exhaust fan 6.

[0030] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a grain and oil heat pump drying water curtain dust removal and heat recovery method, using a grain and oil heat pump drying water curtain dust removal and heat recovery device, comprising the following steps: S1: Sewage (hot water) flows into the circulating hot water exchange circuit from the hot water inlet (located at one end of the shell and tube), the heat exchanger 1 exchanges heat with the circulating hot water exchange circuit and supplies heat to the drying fan 2, and after the sewage is heat exchanged (cold water) flows out from the cold water outlet (located at the other end of the shell and tube) and enters the upper water tank 7; the drying fan 2 blows hot air to the drying box and generates tail gas, and the tail gas enters the flow channel in the settling dust removal chamber 4 from the air inlet; the exhaust fan 6 is started, the tail gas flows in a winding manner in the flow channel, and part of the dust in the tail gas settles at the bottom of the flow channel; S2: The sewage in the upper water tank 7 flows through the water curtain filler 8 by gravity to form a water curtain, and enters the lower water tank 9 from the bottom of the water curtain filler 8; the exhaust gas enters the outlet duct 10 from the outlet end. When the exhaust gas flows through the water curtain filler 8, the air in the exhaust gas passes through the water curtain filler 8 and is discharged to the atmosphere. The dust in the exhaust gas is trapped in the water curtain filler 8, and the sewage absorbs the heat in the exhaust gas and flows into the lower water tank 9 (hot water); S3: The sewage in the lower water tank 9 flows into the hot water inlet through the circulating hot water exchange circuit (the circulating hot water exchange circuit completes one water cycle) and flows into the water purification mechanism through the overflow port 15. The sewage is purified in the water purification mechanism to form clean water and flows back to the lower water tank 9 from the water inlet 16.

[0031] In this embodiment, the booster pump 12 is turned on once every 15 minutes to return the clean water to the lower water tank 9 to reduce the turbidity of the sewage in the lower water tank 9. The start time is 5 minutes. In some other embodiments, a turbidity meter can be set in the lower water tank 9, and the turbidity meter is connected to the booster pump 12. The booster pump 12 can be started at a fixed time and run for a fixed period after starting. The booster pump 12 can also be turned on and off by controlling the turbidity fed back by the turbidity meter.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0033] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grain and oil heat pump drying water curtain dust removal and heat recovery device, the heat pump comprising a heat exchanger (1) and a drying fan (2), the heat exchanger (1) being used to provide heat energy for the drying fan (2), characterized in that: include: A drying box, connected to the drying fan (2) and used for drying grain and oil crops; A settling dust removal chamber (4) has an air inlet end connected to the drying box and an air outlet end connected to the atmosphere, the settling dust removal chamber (4) defines a flow channel between the air inlet end and the air outlet end, the flow channel is arranged in a winding manner and enables the exhaust gas to flow from top to bottom, and dust in the exhaust gas can settle to the bottom of the flow channel.

2. A grain and oil heat pump drying water curtain dust removal and heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sedimentation and dust removal chamber (4) defines an accommodating cavity, a plurality of baffles are arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the baffles and the inner side walls of the accommodating cavity form the flow channel.

3. A grain and oil heat pump drying water curtain dust removal and heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: An air outlet duct (10), one end of the air outlet duct (10) being connected to the air outlet end of the settling dust removal chamber (4), and the other end of the air outlet duct (10) being connected to the atmosphere; An exhaust fan (6) is arranged at the other end of the air outlet duct (10); A water curtain dust removal device comprises a water curtain filler (8), wherein the water curtain filler (8) is arranged in the air outlet duct (10), and when the exhaust gas passes through the water curtain filler (8), dust in the exhaust gas can be trapped in the water curtain filler (8).

4. A grain and oil heat pump drying water curtain dust removal and heat recovery device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water curtain dust removal device comprises: An upper water tank (7) is arranged on the upper surface of the air outlet duct (10) and is connected to the top of the water curtain filler (8); The lower water tank (9) is arranged on the lower surface of the air outlet duct (10) and is connected to the bottom of the water curtain filler (8); water in the upper water tank (7) can flow from top to bottom through the water curtain filler (8) and enter the lower water tank (9).

5. A grain and oil heat pump drying water curtain dust removal and heat recovery device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat exchanger (1) has a circulating hot water exchange circuit, the circulating hot water exchange circuit having a hot water inlet and a cold water outlet, the hot water inlet being connected to the lower water tank (9), the cold water outlet being connected to the upper water tank (7), and the circulating hot water exchange circuit being provided with a circulating water pump (5) for circulating sewage in the circulating hot water exchange circuit.

6. A grain and oil heat pump drying water curtain dust removal and heat recovery device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes: A water purification mechanism, wherein the lower water tank (9) is provided with a water inlet (16) and an overflow port (15) through the inner and outer surfaces, the water inlet (16) being higher than the overflow port (15), the overflow port (15) being connected to the sewage inlet end of the water purification mechanism, and the water inlet (16) being connected to the purified water outlet end of the water purification mechanism.

7. A grain and oil heat pump drying water curtain dust removal and heat recovery device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The water purification mechanism comprises: A purification pool (13), wherein the sewage inlet is arranged near the upper section of the purification pool (13), and the clean water outlet is arranged near the lower section of the purification pool (13), and a multi-layer purification net is arranged between the sewage inlet and the clean water outlet to filter out impurities in the sewage and convert the sewage into clean water; A water inlet pipe (14), one end of which is connected to the sewage inlet end, and the other end of which is connected to the overflow port (15); A water return pipe (11) has one end connected to the purified water outlet and the other end connected to the water inlet (16); a booster water pump (12) is provided on the water return pipe (11).

8. A grain and oil heat pump drying water curtain dust removal and heat recovery method, characterized in that: The grain and oil heat pump drying water curtain dust removal and heat recovery device according to any one of claims 5 to 7 comprises the following steps: S1: Sewage flows into the circulating hot water exchange circuit from the hot water inlet, the heat exchanger (1) exchanges heat with the circulating hot water exchange circuit and supplies heat to the drying fan (2), after which the sewage flows out from the cold water outlet and enters the upper water tank (7); the drying fan (2) blows hot air to the drying box and generates tail gas, which enters the flow channel in the settling dust removal chamber (4) from the air inlet; the exhaust fan (6) is started, the tail gas meanders in the flow channel, and part of the dust in the tail gas settles at the bottom of the flow channel; S2: The sewage in the upper water tank (7) flows through the water curtain filler (8) by gravity to form a water curtain, and enters the lower water tank (9) from the bottom of the water curtain filler (8); the exhaust gas enters the outlet duct (10) from the outlet end. When the exhaust gas flows through the water curtain filler (8), the air in the exhaust gas passes through the water curtain filler (8) and is discharged into the atmosphere. The dust in the exhaust gas is trapped in the water curtain filler (8), and the sewage absorbs the heat in the exhaust gas and flows into the lower water tank (9); S3: The sewage in the lower water tank (9) flows into the hot water inlet through the circulating heat exchange circuit and into the water purification mechanism through the overflow port (15). The sewage is purified in the water purification mechanism to form clean water and flows back into the lower water tank (9) from the water inlet (16).

9. A grain and oil heat pump drying water curtain dust removal and heat recovery method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The clean water is refluxed for 5 minutes every 15 minutes.

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