Underwater motion state monitoring sensor based on moisture power generation and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to an underwater motion state monitoring sensor based on moisture power generation and a preparation method thereof, and the underwater motion state monitoring sensor is composed of a left-end metal layer and a right-end metal layer which are fixedly connected through a carbon nanotube layer. And the top end of the carbon nanotube layer is covered with the gel layer, so that the sensor can be flexibly fixed at any position of equipment. The underwater motion state monitoring system is characterized in that some key problems in the existing underwater motion state monitoring technology are effectively solved. Firstly, whether the equipment is in an overwater state or an underwater state can be accurately judged, which is difficult to realize by the traditional technology; and secondly, the anti-collision capability of the sensor is remarkably enhanced, and the sensor can still work normally even under the condition of few collisions, so that the problem of sensor failure caused by collision is avoided. In addition, the invention also provides a new way for reducing the production cost of the traditional sensor, so that the sensor is more economical and practical.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of underwater motion detection, in particular to a sensor for monitoring underwater motion state based on wet gas power generation and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the growing demand for marine resource development and marine environment monitoring, real-time monitoring of the motion status of underwater equipment has become particularly important. Existing underwater monitoring sensor systems are mainly used to monitor the position, speed, direction and other parameters of underwater equipment to ensure the normal operation and safety of the equipment.

[0003] However, there are several technical limitations and challenges in existing underwater monitoring sensor systems. First, many sensors cannot accurately determine whether the equipment is above or below the water, which may lead to misjudgment and operational errors in some application scenarios. Secondly, existing sensors are easily damaged when encountering collisions or impacts, resulting in loss of monitoring data, which is unacceptable for applications that require continuous monitoring. In addition, another important limiting factor is the high cost, especially in situations where a large number of sensors need to be deployed. With the continuous advancement of science and technology, underwater motion status monitoring sensors play an increasingly important role in ocean exploration, environmental monitoring, resource development and other fields. These sensors usually need to work stably in extreme underwater environments, not only to withstand high pressure, but also to resist corrosion and biological attachment. In recent years, self-powered humidity sensors based on the moisture power generation effect have provided a new solution for underwater monitoring. In terms of underwater monitoring sensor design, traditional sensors usually use rigid materials, which greatly limits the adaptability and stability of sensors in complex underwater environments. At the same time, these sensors often rely on external power supplies, which not only requires the system to be more complicated, but also inhibits the application of sensors in deep sea areas far away from energy supply points. With the continuous development of materials science and sensor technology, underwater motion status monitoring sensors will be more sensitive, stable, and able to adapt to more complex underwater environments in the future. These technological advances will provide stronger support for fields such as marine scientific research, resource development, and environmental protection.

[0004] Based on this, the present invention designs an underwater motion monitoring sensor to solve the above problem. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a sensor for monitoring underwater motion status based on wet gas power generation and a preparation method thereof, aiming to solve a series of challenges encountered by the prior art in water resource development. With the growing demand for water resource development, underwater environmental monitoring has become particularly important. However, existing underwater monitoring sensors are prone to a variety of errors when judging whether the equipment enters and exits the water surface. These errors may lead to inaccurate data and affect decision-making. In addition, traditional sensors are expensive, and once they need to be replaced, not only is the cost high, but the replacement process is also complicated, which is not conducive to long-term and large-scale underwater monitoring.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a sensor for monitoring the underwater motion state based on wet gas power generation, comprising a gel layer, a left-end metal layer, a right-end metal layer and a carbon nanotube layer; the carbon nanotube layer is arranged between the left-end metal layer and the right-end metal layer, and the top of the carbon nanotube layer is covered with the gel layer.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the gel layer specifically includes: a basic skeleton composed of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) to provide the main structure and mechanical properties of the gel layer; a hydrophilic group composed of [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide SBMA to enhance the gel layer's ability to adsorb water molecules; and a flexible segment composed of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) to improve the gel layer's flexibility and ability to adapt to devices of different shapes; wherein the gel layer preparation method includes forming a copolymer through a free radical copolymerization reaction of the above three monomers.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the gel layer covering the top of the carbon nanotube layer is 0.1 to 1 mm.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the gel layer is adjusted according to the curvature of the surface of different devices and the required electrical signal sensitivity.

[0010] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a sensor for monitoring underwater motion state based on wet gas power generation. The method for preparing the sensor for monitoring underwater motion state based on wet gas power generation comprises the following steps: Step S1, carbon powder and plasma water are mixed in a ratio of 2:100 and stirred for 2 hours; Step S2, the gel and the plasma water are mixed in a ratio of 6:160, and the mixture is allowed to stand until the gel and the plasma water are completely fused; Step S3, completely immersing the non-woven fabric in the solution prepared in step S1 for sufficient adsorption; Step S4, placing the nonwoven fabric prepared in step S3 into a heating furnace and heating it at 80 degrees for 45 minutes; Step S5, putting the non-woven fabric dried in step S4 back into the solution prepared in step S1 for secondary dyeing; Step S6, secondary drying of the secondary-dyed non-woven fabric; Step S7, the non-woven fabric dried in step S6 is classified into 1:1, and a part of it is placed in the solution of step S2, and the other part is coated with a symmetrical metal layer; Step S8, drying the non-woven fabric impregnated with the S2 solution in step S7 at 80 degrees for 45 minutes; Step S9, placing all non-woven fabrics in the solution of step S1 again for a third dip-dyeing, and laminating the metal layer non-woven fabrics coated in step S7 and step S8 one-to-one; Step S10: drying the nonwoven fabric.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the step S3 is specifically as follows: Step S31, in a relatively dry environment, modify the non-woven fabric into a circular shape, and heat the solution prepared in step S1 to 60 degrees; Step S32, using tweezers to hold the non-woven fabric and immerse it in the solution prepared in step S1 for three minutes; Step S33, taking out the non-woven fabric and leaving it to stand for five minutes so that the solution is completely absorbed by the non-woven fabric; Step S34, placing the static non-woven fabric into the solution prepared in step S1 and repeating the above operation; Step S35, take out the non-woven fabric and proceed to step S4.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the step S5 is specifically as follows: Step S51, taking out the non-woven fabric dried for the first time, and letting it stand and cool to room temperature; Step S52, using tweezers to pick up the non-woven fabric and immerse it in the room temperature solution prepared in step S1 for ten minutes; Step S53, taking out the non-woven fabric and leaving it to stand for five minutes so that the solution is completely absorbed by the non-woven fabric; Step S54, take out the non-woven fabric and proceed to step S6.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the dispersant in the carbon powder preparation solution in step S1 is at least one of an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, a synthetic polymer dispersant or a natural polymer dispersant.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the polymerization reaction temperature in the carbon powder preparation solution is 20-40° C., and the polymerization time is 2-3 hours.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention uses the principle of wet gas power generation, that is, the interaction between water molecules and nanomaterials, to collect the energy during the phase change of water molecules from gas to liquid and convert it into electrical energy. This process is mainly based on the wet electric effect. When nanomaterials come into contact with moisture, moisture will induce the dissociation of oxygen-containing functional groups inside the nanomaterials under the solvation effect, resulting in a concentration difference. Due to the size difference of the concentration difference and the spatial confinement effect, the positive charge will migrate in a directional manner inside the material, thereby generating electrical energy.

[0016] 2. The specific process of the present invention includes: first, constructing an asymmetric structure inside the material by physical or chemical means, such as a functional group gradient or a water content gradient. When moisture is adsorbed, it will induce the dissociation of chemical functional groups inside the material to produce freely migrating cations. Because the anions are large in size and are confined to large conjugated structures or long chains and cannot migrate, a cation gradient structure will be formed in the material. Under the action of the ion concentration gradient, the cations diffuse from the high concentration area to the low concentration area. When the external load forms a loop, electrical energy output will be generated in the external circuit. When moisture is desorbed, the cations will return to their original positions under the action of the electric field force generated by the anions, thereby completing a power generation cycle. This technology is not only green and environmentally friendly, without any polluting byproducts, but also highly reversible, and is an efficient green energy collection technology. Compared with traditional sensors, the present invention has the advantage of self-powered power and does not produce any polluting byproducts.

[0017] 3. The self-powered underwater motion monitoring sensor of the present invention can work stably in an underwater environment through its unique structural design and material selection, and can accurately determine whether the device is above or below the water. The sensor preparation method includes a series of delicate steps to ensure the high performance and durability of the sensor. By using carbon nanotubes, gel layers and special conductive materials such as graphene, alloy metal indium tin bismuth, etc., the sensor of the present invention has significantly improved conductivity and sensitivity.

[0018] 4. The sensor of the present invention is also easy to maintain. It adopts a modular design, so that sensor components can be quickly replaced when needed, reducing maintenance costs and shortening a lot of time. At the same time, the monitoring accuracy and comprehensiveness are improved. The sensor system of the present invention can also be integrated with other types of sensors to achieve multi-sensor data fusion and provide more comprehensive underwater environmental information. This multi-sensor fusion technology uses multiple sensors to obtain comprehensive and complete information about the object and environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 For the preferred embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 It is a two-dimensional diagram of the underwater motion state monitoring sensor based on wet gas power generation of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a design diagram of a sensor for monitoring underwater motion state based on wet gas power generation according to the present invention; Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional model diagram of the underwater motion state monitoring sensor based on wet gas power generation of the present invention; Figure 4 It is an explosion diagram of the underwater motion state monitoring sensor based on wet gas power generation of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional front view of the underwater motion state monitoring sensor based on wet gas power generation of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional top view of the sensor for monitoring the underwater motion state of wet gas power generation according to the present invention; Figure 7 This is the internal design diagram of the underwater motion state sensor based on wet gas power generation of the present invention; Figure 8 This is the overall design diagram of the underwater motion state of wet gas power generation according to the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a three-view design diagram of placement and fixation of sensors for monitoring underwater motion state of wet gas power generation according to the present invention; Fig.10 This is a design diagram of the placement and fixation parameters of the underwater motion state monitoring sensor for wet gas power generation according to the present invention; Fig.11 It is a three-view design drawing of the sensor placement device for monitoring underwater motion state of wet gas power generation according to the present invention; Fig.12 This is a fixed parameter design diagram of a sensor for monitoring underwater motion state of wet gas power generation according to the present invention; Fig.13 This is a flow chart of underwater motion state monitoring based on wet gas power generation implemented in the present invention; Fig.14 This is a diagram of the static result of the present invention based on wet gas power generation on water; Fig.15 This is a diagram of underwater motion results based on the underwater motion state monitoring of wet gas power generation according to the present invention; Fig.16 The present invention is a flow chart for monitoring the underwater motion state of wet gas power generation; Figure 4 In the figure, 1, metal layer; 2, gel layer; 3, carbon nanotube layer; Figure 7 , 4, internal channel of carbon nanotube layer; 5, internal channel of gel layer; Fig. 9 In,6, placement device;7, fixing device; Fig.11 ,8, water flow channel; 9, fixing device installation position. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and are intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs.

[0022] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application; as used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or their combinations.

[0023] Underwater motion state monitoring sensor based on wet gas power generation, reference Figure 1-16 , including gel layer 2, left metal layer, right metal layer and carbon nanotube layer 3; the carbon nanotube layer is arranged between the left metal layer and the right metal layer, and the top of the carbon nanotube layer 3 is covered with the gel layer 2. Specifically, from left to right, the stabilizing layer is composed of metal, the conductive layer is composed of carbon nanotubes, and the sensing layer is composed of carbon nanotubes and gel (PVC), including red metal layer 1, yellow conductive layer 2 and green sensing layer 3. It has a simple structure, improved sensitivity, and eliminates cross-sensitivity to external pressure, significantly improving the reliability of the sensor. Among them, Figure 7 The carbon nanotube layer 3 specifically includes an internal channel 4 of the carbon nanotube layer; the gel layer 2 specifically includes an internal channel 5 of the gel layer; and also includes a placement device 6, a fixing device 7, a water flow channel 8 and a fixing device installation position 9.

[0024] The gel layer 2 specifically includes: a basic skeleton composed of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) to provide the main structure and mechanical properties of the gel layer; a hydrophilic group composed of [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide SBMA to enhance the gel layer's ability to adsorb water molecules; and a flexible segment composed of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) to improve the gel layer's flexibility and ability to adapt to devices of different shapes; wherein the gel layer preparation method includes forming a copolymer by free radical copolymerization of the above three monomers.

[0025] The top of the carbon nanotube layer 3 covers the gel layer 2 with a thickness of 0.1 to 1 mm.

[0026] The thickness of the gel layer 2 is adjusted according to the surface curvature of different devices and the required electrical signal sensitivity.

[0027] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a sensor for monitoring underwater motion state based on wet gas power generation. The method for preparing the sensor for monitoring underwater motion state based on wet gas power generation comprises the following steps: Step S1, carbon powder and plasma water are mixed in a ratio of 2:100 and stirred for 2 hours; Step S2, the gel and the plasma water are mixed in a ratio of 6:160, and the mixture is allowed to stand until the gel and the plasma water are completely fused; Step S3, completely immersing the non-woven fabric in the solution prepared in step S1 for sufficient adsorption; Step S4, placing the nonwoven fabric prepared in step S3 into a heating furnace and heating it at 80 degrees for 45 minutes; Step S5, putting the non-woven fabric dried in step S4 back into the solution prepared in step S1 for secondary dyeing; Step S6, secondary drying of the secondary-dyed non-woven fabric; Step S7, the non-woven fabric dried in step S6 is classified into 1:1, and a part of it is placed in the solution of step S2, and the other part is coated with a symmetrical metal layer; Step S8, drying the non-woven fabric impregnated with the S2 solution in step S7 at 80 degrees for 45 minutes; Step S9, placing all non-woven fabrics in the solution of step S1 again for a third dip-dyeing, and laminating the metal layer non-woven fabrics coated in step S7 and step S8 one-to-one; Step S10: drying the nonwoven fabric.

[0028] The bottom layer of the flexible sensor is a carbon nanotube substrate layer. The conductive material includes at least one of graphene, carbon nanotubes, gel, and alloy metals of indium, tin, and bismuth.

[0029] The step S3 is specifically as follows: Step S31, in a relatively dry environment, modify the non-woven fabric into a circular shape, and heat the solution prepared in step S1 to 60 degrees; Step S32, using tweezers to hold the non-woven fabric and immerse it in the solution prepared in step S1 for three minutes; Step S33, taking out the non-woven fabric and leaving it to stand for five minutes so that the solution is completely absorbed by the non-woven fabric; Step S34, placing the static non-woven fabric into the solution prepared in step S1 and repeating the above operation; Step S35, take out the non-woven fabric and proceed to step S4.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the step S5 is specifically as follows: Step S51, taking out the non-woven fabric dried for the first time, and letting it stand and cool to room temperature; Step S52, using tweezers to pick up the non-woven fabric and immerse it in the room temperature solution prepared in step S1 for ten minutes; Step S53, taking out the non-woven fabric and leaving it to stand for five minutes so that the solution is completely absorbed by the non-woven fabric; Step S54, take out the non-woven fabric and proceed to step S6.

[0031] The dispersant in the carbon powder preparation solution in step S1 is at least one of an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, a synthetic polymer dispersant or a natural polymer dispersant.

[0032] The polymerization reaction temperature in the carbon powder preparation solution is 20-40° C., and the polymerization time is 2-3 hours.

[0033] From left to right, the stabilizing layer is made of metal, the conductive layer is made of carbon nanotubes, and the sensing layer is made of carbon nanotubes and gel (PVC), including the red metal layer 1, the yellow conductive layer 2 and the green sensing layer 3. It has a simple structure, improved sensitivity, and eliminates cross-sensitivity to external pressure, significantly improving the reliability of the sensor.

[0034] The working process of the underwater motion state monitoring sensor based on wet gas power generation consists of the following steps: A1. First, attach the sensor to the corresponding equipment and fix it in place. This step is to ensure that the sensor can work stably in an underwater environment. The sensor installation location should be selected at the key part of the equipment to ensure that the movement state of the equipment can be accurately captured. During the installation process, ensure that the sensor fits tightly to the surface of the equipment to avoid the sensor falling off due to water impact or equipment vibration; A2. Completely wet the sensor to make the sensor's electrical signal stable. This step is to activate the moisture power generation unit in the sensor so that it can generate stable electricity in an underwater environment. After the sensor is completely wetted, the moisture will interact with the nanomaterials in the sensor to generate electricity. During this process, there are different design pathways inside the sensor, which can react quickly in a short time to achieve a stable sensor electrical signal, preparing for subsequent data collection; A3. Start the device, and the sensor will convert the motion signal into an electrical signal. As the device starts, the sensor begins to monitor the motion state of the device. The motion monitoring module in the sensor converts the motion state of the device (such as speed, acceleration, etc.) into electrical signals. These electrical signals are then processed and transmitted by the wet gas power generation unit to generate electrical energy; A4. When the device is running, the sensor continuously records data. During the operation of the device, the sensor continuously monitors and records the motion status of the device. The sensor data recording module converts the collected electrical signals into digital signals and stores them in the built-in data storage module. These data can be used for subsequent data analysis and device performance evaluation; A5. Stop the device and the sensor stops recording data. When the device stops moving, the sensor will also stop recording data. At this time, the sensor will enter standby mode and wait for the next device startup. In standby mode, the sensor energy consumption will be greatly reduced to ensure that the sensor can work stably for a long time in an underwater environment; When the sensor reaches the end of its service life or maintenance is required, sensor components or the entire sensor can be quickly replaced. Due to the modular design of the sensor, this process can be easily completed, greatly reducing maintenance costs and time. Through the above specific implementation, the self-powered underwater motion monitoring sensor of the present invention can accurately monitor the motion state of underwater equipment, and has the characteristics of self-power supply, solving the challenges encountered by traditional sensors in underwater monitoring. The widespread application of this sensor will greatly promote the development of water resources and underwater environment monitoring, and provide strong technical support for research and practice in related fields. The sensor in step A4 can continue to operate for 40 minutes.

Claims

1. A sensor for monitoring underwater motion based on wet gas power generation, characterized in that: It comprises a gel layer, a left-end metal layer, a right-end metal layer and a carbon nanotube layer; the carbon nanotube layer is arranged between the left-end metal layer and the right-end metal layer, and the top of the carbon nanotube layer is covered with the gel layer.

2. The underwater motion state monitoring sensor based on wet gas power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gel layer specifically includes: a basic skeleton composed of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) to provide the main structure and mechanical properties of the gel layer; a hydrophilic group composed of [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide (SBMA) to enhance the gel layer's ability to adsorb water molecules; and a flexible segment composed of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) to improve the gel layer's flexibility and ability to adapt to devices of different shapes; wherein the gel layer preparation method includes forming a copolymer through a free radical copolymerization reaction of the above three monomers.

3. The underwater motion state monitoring sensor based on wet gas power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The thickness of the gel layer covering the top of the carbon nanotube layer is 0.1 to 1 mm.

4. The underwater motion state monitoring sensor based on wet gas power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The thickness of the gel layer is adjusted according to the curvature of the surface of different devices and the required electrical signal sensitivity.

5. A method for preparing a sensor for monitoring underwater motion state based on wet gas power generation, characterized in that: The preparation of the underwater motion state monitoring sensor based on wet gas power generation as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 above comprises the following steps: Step S1, carbon powder and plasma water are mixed in a ratio of 2:100 and stirred for 2 hours; Step S2, the gel and the plasma water are mixed in a ratio of 6:160, and the mixture is allowed to stand until the gel and the plasma water are completely fused; Step S3, completely immersing the non-woven fabric in the solution prepared in step S1 for sufficient adsorption; Step S4, placing the nonwoven fabric prepared in step S3 into a heating furnace and heating it at 80 degrees for 45 minutes; Step S5, putting the non-woven fabric dried in step S4 back into the solution prepared in step S1 for secondary dyeing; Step S6, secondary drying of the secondary-dyed non-woven fabric; Step S7, the non-woven fabric dried in step S6 is classified into 1:1, and a part of it is placed in the solution of step S2, and the other part is coated with a symmetrical metal layer; Step S8, drying the non-woven fabric impregnated with the S2 solution in step S7 at 80 degrees for 45 minutes; Step S9, placing all non-woven fabrics in the solution of step S1 again for a third dip-dyeing, and laminating the metal layer non-woven fabrics coated in step S7 and step S8 one-to-one; Step S10: drying the nonwoven fabric.

6. The method for preparing a sensor for monitoring underwater motion state based on wet gas power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S3 is specifically as follows: Step S31, in a relatively dry environment, modify the non-woven fabric into a circular shape, and heat the solution prepared in step S1 to 60 degrees; Step S32, using tweezers to hold the non-woven fabric and immerse it in the solution prepared in step S1 for three minutes; Step S33, taking out the non-woven fabric and leaving it to stand for five minutes so that the solution is completely absorbed by the non-woven fabric; Step S34, placing the static non-woven fabric into the solution prepared in step S1 and repeating the above operation; Step S35, take out the non-woven fabric and proceed to step S4.

7. The method for preparing a sensor for monitoring underwater motion state based on wet gas power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S5 is specifically as follows: Step S51, taking out the non-woven fabric dried for the first time, and letting it stand and cool to room temperature; Step S52, using tweezers to pick up the non-woven fabric and immerse it in the room temperature solution prepared in step S1 for ten minutes; Step S53, taking out the non-woven fabric and leaving it to stand for five minutes so that the solution is completely absorbed by the non-woven fabric; Step S54, take out the non-woven fabric and proceed to step S6.

8. The method for preparing a sensor for monitoring underwater motion state of wet gas power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dispersant in the carbon powder preparation solution in step S1 is at least one of an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, a synthetic polymer dispersant or a natural polymer dispersant.

9. The method for preparing a sensor for monitoring underwater motion state based on wet gas power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polymerization reaction temperature in the carbon powder preparation solution is 20-40° C., and the polymerization time is 2-3 hours.

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