Anti-shearing experiment device and method for simulating sea erosion effect of seawater on rock material

Abstract

The invention provides a shear test device and method for simulating sea erosion of seawater to rock materials, and relates to the technical field of shear strength testing devices.The shear test device comprises a normal pressurization plate, a tangential pressurization plate, a bottom plate and a pressure detection side plate, and the bottom plate is installed in a seawater simulation experiment box with an opening in the upper portion in a lifting and sliding mode; the anti-shearing experiment block enters the seawater simulation experiment box or the anti-shearing experiment area through the lifting of the bottom plate; according to the marine rock shear strength simulation experiment device, the daily state of marine rock can be fully simulated, the influence of different variables in the marine environment on the rock shear strength is reduced to the maximum extent, the whole simulation experiment process is carried out in one set of device, and the experiment efficiency is improved. Transfer of simulation experiment blocks and simulation experiment control do not need to be carried out, finally pressurization testing of the experiment blocks is carried out autonomously, the workload of experimenters is relieved, meanwhile, the structure is simplified, and the device is suitable for wide popularization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shear strength testing devices, and in particular to a shear strength testing device and method simulating the sea erosion effect of seawater on rock materials. Background Art

[0002] A direct shear apparatus and a rock shear test method disclosed in the prior art with the publication number "CN115508182B" include a rock sample clamping device, a normal direct shear mechanism and a tangential direct shear mechanism, wherein the rock sample clamping device includes a first shear box and a second shear box arranged opposite to each other to hold and clamp the rock sample; the normal direct shear mechanism abuts against the first shear box to apply normal stress to the rock sample; the tangential direct shear mechanism abuts against the second shear box and is axially perpendicular to the normal direct shear mechanism to apply tangential stress to the rock sample; wherein a tangential stress regulating device is provided between the tangential direct shear mechanism and the second shear box, and the magnitude of the tangential stress is adjusted by the tangential stress regulating device to test the fault shear characteristics of the rock sample under different tangential stresses; the device controls the magnitude of the shear stiffness of the equipment, thereby conducting research on controlling the form of fault shear movement, and obtaining relevant laws of the fault shear movement mode under different tangential stresses.

[0003] However, the above-mentioned device still has obvious defects during use: the above-mentioned device can only complete the direct shear pressure test of conventional rock mass, and its detection means cannot meet the requirements of the pressure test of marine rock mass, which leads to certain limitations in its experiment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shear test device and method for simulating the sea erosion of rock materials by seawater, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A shear test device for simulating the sea erosion of rock materials by seawater, comprising a normal pressure plate, a tangential pressure plate, a bottom plate and a pressure detection side plate, wherein the normal pressure plate, the tangential pressure plate, the bottom plate and the pressure detection side plate enclose a shear test area, and a normal loading device and a tangential loading device are respectively installed on the side of the normal pressure plate and the tangential pressure plate away from the shear test area, and the tangential pressure plate and the pressure detection side plate are staggered; The bottom plate is installed in a lifting and sliding manner in a seawater simulation experiment box with an upper opening. A sealing plate is installed in a translational and sliding manner on the side of the seawater simulation experiment box. When the sealing plate closes the upper opening of the seawater simulation experiment box, the seawater simulation experiment box is in a sealed state. A hydraulic telescopic cylinder is fixedly arranged below the seawater simulation experiment box. The telescopic arm of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder extends into the seawater simulation experiment box and is fixedly connected to the bottom plate. The shear test block enters the seawater simulation experiment box or the shear test area through the lifting and lowering of the bottom plate. The bottom plate is also provided with through holes arranged in an array, and the side and bottom of the seawater simulation experiment box are respectively provided with simulated pressurization components and water inlets and outlets. When the seawater simulation experiment box is in a sealed state, simulated pressurization is performed internally through the simulated loading component, and water is injected into and drained from the seawater simulation experiment box through the water inlets and outlets.

[0006] Preferably, the normal loading device and the tangential loading device are both hydraulic loading cylinders.

[0007] Preferably, the seawater simulation experiment box is fixedly mounted on the side panels, and horizontal panels are also fixedly mounted on both ends of the side panels. The hydraulic loading cylinder connected to the normal pressure plate is fixedly mounted on the upper horizontal panel, and the hydraulic telescopic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the bottom horizontal panel.

[0008] Preferably, the sealing plate is also fixedly connected to the telescopic arm of the sealed hydraulic telescopic cylinder, and the fixed telescopic cylinder of the sealed hydraulic telescopic cylinder is fixedly installed on the side of the seawater simulation experiment box.

[0009] Preferably, the tangential loading device connected to the tangential pressure plate is also fixedly mounted on the lifting block, the lifting block is movably mounted on the lifting frame, the lifting frame is provided with slide rails for accommodating both sides of the lifting block, a base is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the lifting frame, a lifting drive telescopic cylinder is also fixedly mounted on the base, the telescopic arm of the lifting drive telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the lifting block, and the tangential pressure plate is driven to perform lifting movement through the lifting movement of the lifting drive telescopic cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the simulated pressurizing assembly includes a pressurizing cylinder, which is connected to the interior of the seawater simulation experiment box, and a pressurizing piston plate is arranged in the pressurizing cylinder for translational sliding. A pressurizing push plate is also fixedly installed on the side of the pressurizing piston plate away from the seawater simulation experiment box. When the tangential pressurizing plate and the pressurizing push plate are movably cooperated, the tangential pressurizing plate pushes the pressurizing push plate to slide toward one side of the seawater simulation experiment box to perform a pressurizing operation on the interior thereof, and an extrusion spring is also installed in the pressurizing cylinder between the pressurizing piston plate and the seawater simulation experiment box.

[0011] A shear test method simulating the erosion of rock materials by seawater uses the above-mentioned shear test device simulating the erosion of rock materials by seawater. The simulation test method includes three test modes, namely conventional loading test, tidal simulation test and seabed pressurization simulation test.

[0012] Preferably, the conventional loading experiment mode includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the shear test block to be tested on the base plate; Step 2: The shear test can be performed by enclosing the normal pressure plate, the tangential pressure plate, the bottom plate and the pressure detection side plate to form a shear test area, and performing tangential pressure through the tangential pressure plate; Step 3: After the experiment is completed, the staff will clean up the squeezed and crushed rocks.

[0013] Preferably, the tidal simulation experiment mode includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the shear test block to be tested on the base plate; Step 2: inject a certain amount of seawater into the seawater simulation experiment box through the water inlet and outlet, and perform tidal simulation immersion on the compression test block placed on the bottom plate by setting the lifting interval of the bottom plate, and use the timer to count. When the tidal simulation experiment is completed, the bottom plate rises under program control and completes the shear test autonomously; Step 3: After the experiment is completed, the staff will clean up the squeezed and crushed rocks.

[0014] Preferably, the seabed pressurization simulation experiment includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the shear test block to be tested on the base plate; Step 2: Inject a certain amount of seawater into the seawater simulation experiment box through the water inlet and outlet, and control the lifting and lowering of the bottom plate so that the shear test block is always in a fully immersed state. At this time, pressurize the seawater simulation experiment box through the simulated pressurization component to simulate the pressurization scenes of rocks at different depths on the seabed, and count through the timer. After completing the seabed pressurization simulation experiment, the bottom plate rises under program control and completes the shear test autonomously.

[0015] Step 3: After the experiment is completed, the staff will clean up the squeezed and crushed rocks.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention can fully simulate the daily state of marine rocks and restore the influence of different variables in the marine environment on the shear strength of rocks to the greatest extent. The entire simulation experiment process is carried out in a set of devices, without the need to transfer the simulation experiment blocks and the simulation experiment control, and finally the pressure test of the experiment blocks is carried out autonomously, which reduces the workload of the experimenters and simplifies the structure, making it suitable for wide promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pressurized state of the seawater simulation experiment box of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the exposed liquid level surface of the shear test block of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the shear test block of the present invention being fully immersed in the liquid level surface; In the figure: 1 normal pressure plate, 2 tangential pressure plate, 3 bottom plate, 4 pressure detection side plate, 5 seawater simulation experiment box, 6 sealing plate, 7 hydraulic telescopic cylinder, 8 through-hole, 9 water inlet and outlet, 10 hydraulic loading cylinder, 11 side plate, 12 horizontal plate, 13 sealed hydraulic telescopic cylinder, 14 lifting block, 15 lifting frame, 16 slide rail, 17 base, 18 lifting drive telescopic cylinder, 19 pressurizing cylinder, 20 pressurizing piston plate, 21 pressurizing push plate, 22 extrusion spring, 23 shear test block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] See also Figure 1-Figure 5 , the present invention provides a technical solution: Embodiment 1: A shear test device simulating the sea erosion of rock materials by seawater, comprising a normal pressure plate 1, a tangential pressure plate 2, a bottom plate 3 and a pressure detection side plate 4, wherein the normal pressure plate 1, the tangential pressure plate 2, the bottom plate 3 and the pressure detection side plate 4 enclose a shear test area, and a normal loading device and a tangential loading device are respectively installed on the side of the normal pressure plate 1 and the tangential pressure plate 2 away from the shear test area, and the tangential pressure plate 2 and the pressure detection side plate 4 are staggered; The bottom plate 3 is installed in a lifting and sliding manner in the seawater simulation experiment box 5 with an upper opening. A sealing plate 6 is installed in a translational and sliding manner on the side of the seawater simulation experiment box 5. When the sealing plate 6 closes the upper end opening of the seawater simulation experiment box 5, the seawater simulation experiment box 5 is in a sealed state. A hydraulic telescopic cylinder 7 is fixedly arranged below the seawater simulation experiment box 5. The telescopic arm of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 7 extends into the seawater simulation experiment box 5 and is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 3. The shear test block 23 enters the seawater simulation experiment box 5 or the shear test area by lifting and lowering the bottom plate 3. The bottom plate 3 is also provided with through holes 8 arranged in an array, and the side and bottom of the seawater simulation experiment box 5 are respectively provided with a simulated pressurization component and a water inlet and outlet 9. When the seawater simulation experiment box 5 is in a sealed state, simulated pressurization is performed internally through the simulated loading component, and water is injected and drained into the seawater simulation experiment box 5 through the water inlet and outlet 9.

[0020] In this embodiment, the normal pressure plate 1, the tangential pressure plate 2, the bottom plate 3 and the pressure detection side plate 4 are similar in structure to those in the prior art, except that the bottom plate 3 and the tangential pressure plate 2 in this embodiment are not only used for direct shear testing of rocks, but also serve as a simulation experiment device for marine rocks, wherein the bottom plate 3 is lifted and arranged in a seawater simulation experiment box 5, and the shear test block 23 simulates the marine environment according to the experimental needs before the direct shear test, and the bottom plate 3 is lifted and moved so that the shear test block 23 enters the seawater simulation experiment box 5 or the shear test area, and when in the seawater simulation experiment box 5, the shear test block 23 is adjusted to be immersed in seawater by the lifting and moving of the bottom plate 3, which is lifted and moved The movement can simulate the immersion of seawater on rocks during the rising and falling tides of the ocean tide, and can also simulate the all-weather immersion of seawater on rocks by the seabed. The above method can simulate the seawater immersion process at different locations in the ocean. At the same time, a simulation pressurizing component is also provided on the side of the seawater simulation experiment box 5. The seawater simulation experiment box 5 is pressurized by the simulation pressurizing component to simulate the immersion pressure of seawater at different depths on the seabed, so as to more comprehensively simulate the marine rock environment, thereby providing experimental data that is more in line with the real environment for the shear test. The simulation pressurizing component includes a pressurizing cylinder 19, which is connected to the inside of the seawater simulation experiment box 5. A pressurizing piston plate 20 is provided in the pressurizing cylinder 19 for translational sliding. A pressurizing push plate 21 is also fixedly installed on the side of the plate 20 away from the seawater simulation experiment box 5. When the tangential pressurizing plate 2 and the pressurizing push plate 21 are movably matched, the tangential pressurizing plate 2 pushes the pressurizing push plate 21 to slide toward the side of the seawater simulation experiment box 5 to pressurize the inside thereof. An extrusion spring 22 is also installed in the pressurizing cylinder 19 between the pressurizing piston plate 20 and the seawater simulation experiment box 5. The tangential loading device connected to the tangential pressurizing plate 2 is also fixedly installed on the lifting block 14. The lifting block 14 is movably installed on the lifting frame 15. The lifting frame 15 is provided with a slide rail 16 for accommodating both sides of the lifting block 14. A base 17 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the lifting frame 15. A lifting drive telescopic cylinder 18 is also fixedly installed on the base 17. The lifting drive The telescopic arm of the telescopic cylinder 18 is fixedly connected to the lifting block 14, and the lifting movement of the telescopic cylinder 18 is driven by the lifting to drive the tangential pressure plate 2 to perform lifting movement. The lifting and lowering adjustment of the tangential pressure plate 2 is realized through the cooperation of the above-mentioned devices, so that it can be used as a direct shear device of the shear test block 23 on the one hand, and as a driving mechanism for the simulated pressure component on the other hand. In summary, the bottom plate 3 and the tangential pressure plate 2 in this embodiment realize other functions besides direct shear, thereby simplifying the structure of the device and improving the integration of the device. The device can fully adapt to the shear strength test of rocks under different marine environments. A main control MCU drive module is installed in the device, and the main control MCU drive module is electrically connected to each electric drive component.In this embodiment, the S3P7588XZZ-COC8 8-bit single-chip microcomputer produced by Samsung Corporation of South Korea is selected as the main control MCU driving module to drive and control the movement of each component. The experimenter only needs to place the shear test block 23 on the bottom plate 3 and set the lifting interval time of the bottom plate 3 according to the needs of the simulation environment. The rest of the operations can be performed automatically. The main control MCU driving module is also electrically connected to the timer. When the timer reaches the simulation experiment time, the sealing plate 6 is opened under the control of the main control MCU driving module. At this time, the bottom plate 3 rises, and the normal pressure plate 1, the tangential pressure plate 2, the bottom plate 3 and the pressure detection side plate 4 are enclosed to form a shear test area. The shear test block 23 is confined in the shear test area, and the shear strength test of the shear test block 23 is performed by loading the tangential pressure plate 2. The pressure detection side plate 4 on the opposite side is connected to the pressure detection device to record the shear strength data. The experimenter does not need to wait by the device, which greatly reduces the experimental burden of the experimenter.

[0021] Embodiment 2: The normal loading device and the tangential loading device are both hydraulic loading cylinders 10 .

[0022] The seawater simulation experiment box 5 is fixedly mounted on the side plate 11, and the two ends of the side plate 11 are also fixedly mounted with a horizontal plate 12. The hydraulic loading cylinder 10 connected to the normal pressure plate 1 is fixedly mounted on the upper horizontal plate 12, and the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 7 is fixedly mounted on the bottom horizontal plate 12.

[0023] The sealing plate 6 is also fixedly connected to the telescopic arm of the sealed hydraulic telescopic cylinder 13 , and the fixed telescopic cylinder of the sealed hydraulic telescopic cylinder 13 is fixedly installed on the side of the seawater simulation experiment box 5 .

[0024] In this embodiment, the layout and driving mechanism of the corresponding mechanism are further improved and disclosed. Since the above-mentioned installation method and driving method are relatively common in the prior art, they will not be described in detail here.

[0025] A shear test method simulating the erosion of rock materials by seawater uses the above-mentioned shear test device simulating the erosion of rock materials by seawater. The simulation test method includes three test modes, namely conventional loading test, tidal simulation test and seabed pressurization simulation test.

[0026] Preferably, the conventional loading experiment mode includes the following steps: Step 1: placing the shear test block 23 to be tested on the bottom plate 3; Step 2: The shear test can be performed by enclosing the normal pressure plate 1, the tangential pressure plate 2, the bottom plate 3 and the pressure detection side plate 4 to form a shear test area, and performing tangential pressure through the tangential pressure plate 2; Step 3: After the experiment is completed, the staff will clean up the squeezed and crushed rocks.

[0027] Preferably, the tidal simulation experiment mode includes the following steps: Step 1: placing the shear test block 23 to be tested on the bottom plate 3; Step 2: inject a certain amount of seawater into the seawater simulation experiment box 5 through the water inlet and outlet 9, and perform tidal simulation immersion on the compression test block placed on the bottom plate 3 by setting the lifting interval of the bottom plate 3, and count the time through the timer. After the tidal simulation experiment is completed, the bottom plate 3 rises under program control and completes the shear test autonomously; Step 3: After the experiment is completed, the staff will clean up the squeezed and crushed rocks.

[0028] Preferably, the seabed pressurization simulation experiment includes the following steps: Step 1: placing the shear test block 23 to be tested on the bottom plate 3; Step 2: Inject a certain amount of seawater into the seawater simulation experiment box 5 through the water inlet and outlet 9, and control the lifting and lowering of the bottom plate 3 so that the shear test block 23 is always in a fully immersed state. At this time, the seawater simulation experiment box 5 is pressurized through the simulated pressurization component to simulate the pressurization scenes of rocks at different depths on the seabed, and the timer is used for timing. After the seabed pressurization simulation experiment is completed, the bottom plate 3 rises under program control and independently completes the shear test.

[0029] Step 3: After the experiment is completed, the staff will clean up the squeezed and crushed rocks.

[0030] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A shear test device for simulating the seawater erosion of rock materials, comprising a normal pressure plate, a tangential pressure plate, a bottom plate and a pressure detection side plate, wherein the normal pressure plate, the tangential pressure plate, the bottom plate and the pressure detection side plate enclose a shear test area, and the normal pressure plate and the tangential pressure plate are respectively installed with a normal loading device and a tangential loading device on the side away from the shear test area, and the tangential pressure plate and the pressure detection side plate are staggered; characterized in that: The bottom plate is installed in a lifting and sliding manner in a seawater simulation experiment box with an upper opening. A sealing plate is installed in a translational and sliding manner on the side of the seawater simulation experiment box. When the sealing plate closes the upper opening of the seawater simulation experiment box, the seawater simulation experiment box is in a sealed state. A hydraulic telescopic cylinder is fixedly arranged below the seawater simulation experiment box. The telescopic arm of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder extends into the seawater simulation experiment box and is fixedly connected to the bottom plate. The shear test block enters the seawater simulation experiment box or the shear test area through the lifting and lowering of the bottom plate. The bottom plate is also provided with through holes arranged in an array, and the side and bottom of the seawater simulation experiment box are respectively provided with simulated pressurization components and water inlets and outlets. When the seawater simulation experiment box is in a sealed state, simulated pressurization is performed internally through the simulated loading component, and water is injected into and drained from the seawater simulation experiment box through the water inlets and outlets.

2. The shear test device for simulating seawater erosion on rock materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The normal loading device and the tangential loading device are both hydraulic loading cylinders.

3. The shear test device for simulating seawater erosion on rock materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The seawater simulation experiment box is fixedly mounted on the side panels, and horizontal panels are also fixedly mounted on both ends of the side panels. The hydraulic loading cylinder connected to the normal pressure plate is fixedly mounted on the upper horizontal panel, and the hydraulic telescopic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the bottom horizontal panel.

4. A shear test device for simulating seawater erosion of rock materials according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The sealing plate is also fixedly connected to the telescopic arm of the sealed hydraulic telescopic cylinder, and the fixed telescopic cylinder of the sealed hydraulic telescopic cylinder is fixedly installed on the side of the seawater simulation experiment box.

5. The shear test device for simulating seawater erosion on rock materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: The tangential loading device connected to the tangential pressure plate is also fixedly installed on the lifting block, and the lifting block is movably installed on the lifting frame. The lifting frame is provided with slide rails for accommodating both sides of the lifting block. A base is fixedly installed at the bottom of the lifting frame, and a lifting drive telescopic cylinder is also fixedly installed on the base. The telescopic arm of the lifting drive telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the lifting block, and the tangential pressure plate is driven to perform lifting movement through the lifting movement of the lifting drive telescopic cylinder.

6. The shear test device for simulating seawater erosion on rock materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: The simulated pressurizing assembly includes a pressurizing cylinder, which is connected to the interior of the seawater simulation experiment box. A pressurizing piston plate is arranged in the pressurizing cylinder for translational sliding. A pressurizing push plate is also fixedly installed on the side of the pressurizing piston plate away from the seawater simulation experiment box. When the tangential pressurizing plate and the pressurizing push plate are movably cooperated, the tangential pressurizing plate pushes the pressurizing push plate to slide toward one side of the seawater simulation experiment box to perform a pressurizing operation on the interior. An extrusion spring is also installed in the pressurizing cylinder between the pressurizing piston plate and the seawater simulation experiment box.

7. A shear test method for simulating the seawater erosion of rock materials, using the shear test device for simulating the seawater erosion of rock materials according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The simulation experiment method includes three experimental modes, namely conventional loading experiment, tidal simulation experiment and seabed pressurization simulation experiment.

8. The shear test method for simulating seawater erosion on rock materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: The following steps are included in the normal loading experiment mode: Step 1: Place the shear test block to be tested on the base plate; Step 2: The shear test can be performed by enclosing the normal pressure plate, the tangential pressure plate, the bottom plate and the pressure detection side plate to form a shear test area, and performing tangential pressure through the tangential pressure plate; Step 3: After the experiment is completed, the staff will clean up the squeezed and crushed rocks.

9. The shear test method for simulating seawater erosion on rock materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: The tidal simulation experiment mode includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the shear test block to be tested on the base plate; Step 2: inject a certain amount of seawater into the seawater simulation experiment box through the water inlet and outlet, and perform tidal simulation immersion on the compression test block placed on the bottom plate by setting the lifting interval of the bottom plate, and use the timer to count. When the tidal simulation experiment is completed, the bottom plate rises under program control and completes the shear test autonomously; Step 3: After the experiment is completed, the staff will clean up the squeezed and crushed rocks.

10. The shear test method for simulating seawater erosion on rock materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: The following steps are included in the seabed pressurization simulation experiment: Step 1: Place the shear test block to be tested on the base plate; Step 2: Inject a certain amount of seawater into the seawater simulation test box through the water inlet and outlet, and control the lifting and lowering of the bottom plate so that the shear test block is always in a fully immersed state. At this time, the seawater simulation test box is pressurized through the simulated pressurization component to simulate the pressurization scenes of rocks at different depths on the seabed, and the timer is used for timing. After the seabed pressurization simulation experiment is completed, the bottom plate rises under program control and completes the shear test autonomously; Step 3: After the experiment is completed, the staff will clean up the squeezed and crushed rocks.

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