Bionic nutrient enrichment micro-capsule for jellyfish offspring seeds as well as preparation method and application of bionic nutrient enrichment micro-capsule

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of breeding of special aquatic products, and particularly relates to a bionic nutrient enrichment micro-capsule for jellyfish offspring seeds as well as a preparation method and application of the bionic nutrient enrichment micro-capsule. The capsule core is prepared from fish soluble powder, enzymolysis sea cucumber viscera powder, enzymolysis kelp powder, euphausia superba powder, scallop skirt powder, chlorella powder, schizochytrium limacinum powder, haematococcus pluvialis powder, diatomite, taurine, yeast wall-broken powder, disodium nucleotide, chondroitin sulfate, multivitamins and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; the capsule wall consists of crab meat powder, fairy shrimp egg powder, L-glutamic acid, chitosan, sodium alginate, calcium glycinate, enzymolysis soybean protein and whey protein powder. According to the food intake requirements of the jellyfish offspring seeds, the superfine nutritional micro-capsules and the granular nutritional micro-capsules suitable for the jellyfish offspring seeds of different specifications are prepared.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of special aquatic product breeding, and specifically relates to a jellyfish seed bionic nutrition-enhanced microcapsule and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing living standards and requirements for food nutritional quality, jellyfish, as a low-calorie, high-protein, vitamin-rich and mineral-rich farmed animal with high medicinal value, has gradually attracted people's attention. In the past, jellyfish eaten were mainly caught, but the increasing demand for jellyfish and fishing intensity have led to the depletion and even extinction of offshore jellyfish resources. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out jellyfish seedling proliferation and release and artificial breeding to protect jellyfish populations and meet human edible needs. However, the current problem is that although artificial breeding of jellyfish has been broken through, it is still highly dependent on natural baits such as copepods or the use of fish microparticle feeds during seedling cultivation. The natural bait cultivation process consumes manpower and material resources, and is restricted by multiple factors such as time, season, and temperature, while fish microparticle feeds do not meet the feeding characteristics and nutritional requirements of jellyfish. These feeds have simple processes, poor stability, suspension and appetizing properties, and pollute the water quality after disintegration, which seriously affects the health of jellyfish seedlings and makes it impossible for the seedlings to meet the requirements of proliferation, release or artificial breeding. How to design a nutritionally balanced and appetizing enhancer, and maintain good suspension, stability and biomimetic properties through innovative production processes, and then make it accept this enhanced microcapsule through scientific and friendly domestication, is the key to ensuring the quality of jellyfish seedlings, improving the success rate of reproduction, release and artificial breeding. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a jellyfish seed bionic nutrition-enhanced microcapsule, comprising a capsule core and a capsule wall.

[0004] Furthermore, the capsule core is made of fish pulp powder, sea cucumber viscera powder, enzymatic kelp powder, Antarctic krill powder, scallop edge powder, chlorella powder, schizochytrium powder, Haematococcus pluvialis powder, diatomaceous earth, taurine, yeast wall-breaking powder, disodium nucleotide, chondroitin sulfate, complex vitamins and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0005] Furthermore, the capsule core is made of 32% fish pulp powder, 7% sea cucumber viscera powder, 16% enzymatic kelp powder, 3% Antarctic krill powder, 8% scallop edge powder, 6% chlorella powder, 4.5% schizochytrium powder, 3% Haematococcus pluvialis powder, 7% diatomaceous earth, 0.7% taurine, 0.3% yeast wall powder, 0.15% disodium nucleotide, 0.08% chondroitin sulfate, 0.8% complex vitamins and 11.47% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in parts by weight.

[0006] Furthermore, the capsule wall is made of crab meat powder, Artemia egg powder, L-glutamic acid, chitin, sodium alginate, enzymatically hydrolyzed soy protein, whey protein powder and calcium glycinate.

[0007] Furthermore, the capsule wall is made of 4% crab meat powder, 3% Artemia egg powder, 14% L-glutamic acid, 10% chitin, 4% sodium alginate, 50% enzymatically hydrolyzed soy protein, 6% whey protein powder and 9% calcium glycinate in parts by weight.

[0008] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned bionic nutritional enhancement microcapsules for jellyfish seedlings, which is applicable to ultrafine nutritional microcapsules for polyps and young stings 8 days before birth, comprising the following steps:

[0009] (1) mixing and grinding capsule core materials in proportion, adding 30% by weight of water to the ground capsule core materials, stirring evenly, extruding into strips, drying, and then ultrafine grinding to form capsule core powder;

[0010] (2) mixing the capsule wall raw materials according to a certain proportion, crushing them with an ultrafine grinder to a particle size of 400 mesh, adding 10 times the mass of water, raising the temperature to 55° C., and adding calcium glycinate to form a capsule wall coating solution;

[0011] (3) adding the capsule core powder to the capsule wall coating solution to form a coating solution, and then concentrating the coating solution under vacuum to obtain a concentrated solution; adding 3.8% β-cyclodextrin, and drying the solution using a low-temperature spray drying device; after spray drying, collecting the powder product, vacuumizing and bagging it, and storing it in a cool place.

[0012] Furthermore, the pulverization particle size in step (1) is 100 mesh, and the ultrafine pulverization particle size is 300 mesh.

[0013] Furthermore, the vacuum concentration conditions in step (3) are: temperature 55°C, vacuum degree -0.08MPa, and concentration to a relative density of 1.30g / ml.

[0014] Furthermore, the drying treatment conditions in step (3) are: inlet air temperature 98°C, feed rate 6mL / min, nozzle pressure 0.2Mpa, vacuum degree -0.03Mpa.

[0015] The present invention also provides a preparation method of granular nutrient microcapsules suitable for young stingrays and juvenile stingrays 9 days after birth. The capsule core material is first poured into a round pot granulator as a mother core for rolling at a rotation speed of 25-35r / min, and the capsule wall coating liquid is sprayed into the rolling bin at a speed of 20-100mL / min. The material is discharged after rolling for 10-30min, and dried at low temperature (50-60°C) to form granular microcapsules of 0.2-3mm.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] Jellyfish seedling cultivation usually relies on live bait, which is limited by season, temperature and other factors. The live bait cultivation process also has disadvantages such as uncertainties, high labor and material resources consumption, and easy introduction of pathogens. The bionic nutrient-enhanced microcapsules of the present invention are not restricted by any conditions and are simple, convenient and easy to store.

[0018] Most commercially available jellyfish seed feeds are microparticle feeds with relatively simple manufacturing processes, and the products are very easy to disintegrate in water. The present invention adopts a protein peptide-seaweed polysaccharide cross-linked capsule wall manufacturing process, and adds attractant substances including crab meat powder, Artemia egg powder and L-glutamic acid during the cross-linking process, which are locked in the capsule wall by cross-linking the capsule wall to achieve the effect of slowly stimulating jellyfish feeding. At the same time, the holes on the microcapsule wall also provide channels for the dissolution of the attractant substances in the capsule core. The double-layer attractant design makes the microcapsule have the characteristics of strong stability and long-lasting attractant effect.

[0019] The production process of commercially available jellyfish feed is empirically referenced to the production process of fry and juvenile microparticle feed, which uses fish meal and terrestrial plant protein, etc., but has the disadvantages of poor feeding, unbalanced nutrition, poor absorption efficiency, etc., which makes it unsuitable for the breeding and cultivation of jellyfish. The present invention uses raw materials rich in polypeptides as capsule cores, such as fish soluble pulp, sea cucumber viscera powder, enzymatic kelp powder, etc. to comprehensively improve the nutritional balance and easy absorption of capsules, and uses highly attractive raw materials such as krill powder and scallop edge powder to regulate the appetite of jellyfish. Traditional jellyfish feed uses fish oil, squid oil, etc. as oil sources, which easily leads to jellyfish rejection, while the present invention uses Schizochytrium rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids as algae source to solve this problem. In addition, the present invention uses Haematococcus pluvialis and Chlorella to provide algae-derived vitamins, instead of the disadvantages of easy oxidation and deterioration and easy loss caused by directly adding vitamins.

[0020] The particle size of commercially available microparticle feed is above 0.4 mm, which can only meet the feeding needs of young jellyfish over 2 cm. The ultra-fine microcapsule process and granular microcapsule process adopted in the present invention can produce seedlings covering the entire early stage of jellyfish seedling cultivation, and its application range is wider.

[0021] Traditional jellyfish seedlings are mostly fed directly, which makes it difficult for jellyfish to adapt to artificial feeds and causes serious food refusal. The present invention adopts scientific domestication strategies according to different purposes of use, so that jellyfish seedlings gradually adapt to nutrient microcapsules, maximizes the use of artificial feeds, and is more efficient than traditional methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 The production process of nutrient microcapsules;

[0024] Figure 2 Microcapsule pattern diagram and microcapsule morphology observation;

[0025] Figure 3 Interior view of the jellyfish pilot tank;

[0026] Figure 4 Observe the feeding situation before and after feeding. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Now, various exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described in detail. The methods in the examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents used are conventional commercially available reagents or reagents prepared by conventional methods unless otherwise specified. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the present invention.

[0028] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing a particular embodiment and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. The intermediate value in any stated value or stated range, and each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0029] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. Although the present invention describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of a conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0030] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention description without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. Other embodiments derived from the present invention description will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The present invention description and examples are exemplary only.

[0031] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] In March 2022, 32% fish soluble powder, 7% sea cucumber viscera powder, 16% enzymatic kelp powder, 3% Antarctic krill powder, 8% scallop edge powder, 6% chlorella powder, 4.5% schizochytrium powder, 3% Haematococcus pluvialis powder, 7% diatomaceous earth, 0.7% taurine, 0.3% yeast wall powder, 0.15% disodium nucleotide, 0.08% chondroitin sulfate, 0.8% multivitamin, 11.47% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose were used as capsule core materials, and the first crushing particle size was 100 mesh. The crushed capsule core raw materials were mixed with water according to 30% of the mass, squeezed into strips and dried, and the second ultrafine grinding was 300 mesh capsule core powder and 60 mesh capsule core particles. Two different specifications of capsule core materials. 4% crab meat powder, 3% Artemia egg powder, 9% calcium glycinate, 14% L-glutamic acid, 10% chitin, 4% sodium alginate, 50% enzymatically hydrolyzed soybean eggs and 6% whey protein powder are used as capsule wall materials, and are crushed into 400 meshes by an ultrafine grinder, 10 times the mass of water is added, the temperature is raised to 55°C, and calcium glycinate is added while stirring to form a capsule wall coating liquid.

[0034] The capsule core powder is added to the capsule wall coating liquid and stirred evenly to complete the encapsulation process. The coating solution enters the concentrator for vacuum decompression concentration at a temperature of 55°C and a vacuum degree of -0.08MPa. It is concentrated to a relative density of 1.30g / ml to obtain a concentrated solution. 3.8% β-cyclodextrin is added for preparation, and a low-temperature spray drying device is used for drying. The parameters are an inlet air temperature of 98°C, a feed rate of 6mL / min, a nozzle pressure of 0.2Mpa, and a vacuum degree of -0.03Mpa to produce ultrafine nutrient microcapsules. After spray drying, the powder product is collected, vacuumed and bagged, and stored in a cool place.

[0035] The capsule core particles are first poured into a round pot granulator as the mother core for rolling at a speed of 33r / min. The capsule wall coating liquid (the ratio of dry material to water is 1:5) is sprayed into the rolling bin at a speed of 40mL / min. After rolling for 15 minutes, the material is discharged and dried at low temperature (50°C) to form granular nutrient microcapsules with a particle size of 0.2-0.6mm. The granular nutrient microcapsules are then vacuum-packed and bagged and stored in a cool place.

[0036] In April 2022, a comparative experiment was conducted at a breeding site in Rongcheng, Shandong Province, using the nutritionally enhanced microcapsules invented in Example 1 and live bait (rotifer Artemia) to feed jellyfish seedlings. The initial specifications for jellyfish seedlings are young stings (umbrella diameter 2-4mm) that have just been released from the polyp, and the seedling density is 8 / ml. Nine breeding ponds were set up, 3 breeding ponds were fed with live bait, 3 breeding ponds were directly fed with nutritional microcapsules, and 3 breeding ponds adopted the indirect nutritional enhancement method (feeding ultrafine nutritional microcapsules and live bait at a ratio of 1:1, and after strengthening the live bait for 1-2 days, the live bait was taken out and fed to the jellyfish seedlings). The feeding amount was carried out according to the actual production situation. The feeding strategy of the microcapsule group is to feed the acclimation with a mixture of live bait and ultrafine nutritional microcapsules in a ratio of 1:1 for the first 3 days, feed ultrafine nutritional microcapsules for 4-8 days, and feed with granular nutritional microcapsules after 9 days. The breeding pond is 6m×6m×1.2m (length×width×height), the water temperature of the breeding pond is about 15°C, and the strengthening cycle is 14 days.

[0037] Table 1. Comparison of nutritional enhancement effects between nutrient microcapsules and live bait

[0038] Group Umbrella diameter cm Seedling rate% Live bait 1 1.76±0.09 73.52 Live bait 2 1.82±0.15 75.36 Live bait 3 1.84±0.11 71.57 Nutritional microcapsules 1 2.33±0.18 86.89 Nutritional microcapsules 2 2.17±0.13 81.52 Nutritional microcapsules 3 2.19±0.06 85.58 Indirect reinforcement 1 1.98±0.09 75.18 Indirect reinforcement 2 2.06±0.12 80.29 Indirect reinforcement 3 2.14±0.14 79.79

[0039] After 14 days, 15 jellyfish seedlings were randomly selected in each culture pond for umbrella diameter measurement, and the umbrella diameter value and emergence rate were used as growth parameters (the umbrella diameter of the initial seedlings was too small to be measured, so it was considered to be 2-4mm), and the emergence rate = initial seedling density / juvenile jellyfish density ratio. From the results, it can be seen that the microcapsule group significantly increased the growth rate of jellyfish seedlings, the umbrella diameter of the jellyfish seedlings reached 2.17-2.33cm, and the emergence rate reached 81.52%-86.89%. The umbrella diameter of the live bait group reached 1.76-1.84cm, and the emergence rate reached 71.57%-75.36%. The indirect strengthening effect is between the two, indicating that these nutrient-fortified microcapsules can also strengthen live baits, thereby realizing the transfer of nutrients between live baits and jellyfish seedlings.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] In May 2023, a jellyfish nursery in Haiyang City, Shandong Province conducted a comparison of nutritional fortification of jellyfish seedlings before release (starting 20 days before release). Four breeding ponds were set up ( Figure 3 ), the jellyfish seedlings were fed with the nutritionally enhanced microcapsules (granular nutritional microcapsules) of the present invention, live bait, and certain brands of microparticle feeds, and the nutritional enhancement was compared. The stocking density of the breeding pond was 10-12 heads / L. After 18 days of strengthening, 30 jellyfish seedlings were randomly selected from each pond to count the size of the umbrella diameter. The acceptance results on May 22 are as follows:

[0042] Table 2. Comparison of nutritional enhancement effects of nutrient microcapsules, live bait, and other brands of microparticle feed

[0043] Group Umbrella diameter during release (cm) Seedling rate% Live bait 1.97±0.18 77.54 Nutritional microcapsules 2.52±0.16 83.83 A certain brand of microparticles 1 1.62±0.05 67.18 A certain brand of microparticles 2 1.45±0.13 71.26

[0044] The results show that compared with live bait and brand microparticle feed, the nutritionally enhanced microcapsules have good feeding properties. After 2-3 hours of feeding, the jellyfish fry can eat most of the nutritionally enhanced microcapsules (the color of the pond water changes from yellow turbidity to clear, indicating that the feeding situation is good, see attached Figure 4 The present invention can not only increase the growth rate of jellyfish seedlings (the jellyfish seedlings in the nutrition microcapsule group have the largest umbrella diameter), but also its emergence rate is 6% higher than that of the live bait group, and 12% to 16% higher than that of other brands of microparticle feed groups; and the seedlings have better vitality, and the umbrella part is obviously thickened, which is well received by the seedling breeding units.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] In order to test the effect of the nutrient-enhanced microcapsules in pond cultivation. In June 2024, the microcapsules were used to cultivate jellyfish seedlings in a seaside farm in Rongcheng, Shandong Province in accordance with the production procedures for pilot production. A total of 6 large breeding ponds (each large pond is about 300 square meters and the water depth is about 1.8 meters) were used to feed natural bait, the granular nutrient microcapsules of the present invention, and a certain brand of feed for feeding comparison experiments. Among them, the natural bait group is large ponds No. 1 and 2, which mainly rely on fertilized water for breeding; large ponds No. 3 and 4 are fed with granular nutrient microcapsules; large ponds No. 5 and 6 are fed with a certain commercial feed, and the introduced seedlings are about 4 cm in size and have a density of about 10 heads / m 3 When harvesting in early August, 12 to 14 random trawls were used to measure the parachute diameter, and the jellyfish in the entire pond were scooped up using a dragnet and the harvest was calculated.

[0047] Table 3. Comparison of the effects of nutrient microcapsules, fertilizer water, and a certain brand of microparticle feed on feeding jellyfish seedlings

[0048]

[0049] The pilot results show that the nutrient microcapsules have a greater growth-promoting advantage over traditional water-fertilizing aquaculture methods. In more than three months, the diameter of the jellyfish umbrella increased by 41-43 cm, which is much higher than the 31-33 cm diameter increase of water-fertilizing aquaculture and the 33-34 cm diameter increase of microparticle feed. According to the pilot results, the jellyfish yield is about 56-62 tons per mu, which is much higher than the per mu yield under other feeding methods, indicating that this nutrient-enhanced microcapsule can be used throughout the artificial breeding process.

[0050] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bionic nutrient-enhanced microcapsule for jellyfish seedlings, characterized in that: It includes capsule core and capsule wall.

2. The bionic nutrient-enhanced microcapsule for jellyfish seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capsule core is made of fish pulp powder, sea cucumber viscera powder, enzymatic kelp powder, Antarctic krill powder, scallop edge powder, chlorella powder, schizochytrium powder, Haematococcus pluvialis powder, diatomaceous earth, taurine, yeast wall-breaking powder, disodium nucleotide, chondroitin sulfate, complex vitamins and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

3. The bionic nutritional fortification microcapsule for jellyfish seedlings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The capsule core is prepared from 32% of fish pulp powder, 7% of sea cucumber viscera powder, 16% of enzymatic hydrolysis kelp powder, 3% of Antarctic krill powder, 8% of scallop edge powder, 6% of chlorella powder, 4.5% of schizochytrium powder, 3% of Haematococcus pluvialis powder, 7% of diatomaceous earth, 0.7% of taurine, 0.3% of yeast wall-breaking powder, 0.15% of disodium nucleotide, 0.08% of chondroitin sulfate, 0.8% of complex vitamins and 11.47% of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in parts by weight.

4. The bionic nutritional fortification microcapsule for jellyfish seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capsule wall is made of crab meat powder, Artemia egg powder, calcium glycinate, L-glutamic acid, chitin, sodium alginate, enzymatically hydrolyzed soybean protein, whey protein powder and calcium glycinate.

5. The bionic nutrient-enhanced microcapsule for jellyfish seedlings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The capsule wall is made of 4% crab meat powder, 3% Artemia egg powder, 14% L-glutamic acid, 10% chitin, 4% sodium alginate, 50% enzymatically hydrolyzed soybean protein, 6% whey protein powder and 9% calcium glycinate in parts by weight.

6. The method for preparing the bionic nutritional fortification microcapsules for jellyfish seedlings as claimed in claims 1 to 5, which is applicable to the ultrafine nutritional microcapsules for polyps and young stings before 8 days of birth, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) mixing and grinding capsule core materials in proportion, adding 30% by weight of water to the ground capsule core materials and stirring evenly, extruding into strips, drying, and then ultrafine grinding to form capsule core powder; (2) mixing the capsule wall raw materials according to a certain proportion, crushing them with an ultrafine grinder to a particle size of 400 mesh, adding 10 times the mass of water, raising the temperature to 55° C., and adding calcium glycinate to form a capsule wall coating solution; (3) adding the capsule core powder to the capsule wall coating solution to form a coating solution, and then concentrating the coating solution under vacuum to obtain a concentrated solution; 3.8% β-cyclodextrin was added and dried by low-temperature spray drying equipment. After spray drying, ultrafine nutrient microcapsules were formed. The products were collected, vacuum-packed and bagged, and stored in a cool place.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pulverization particle size in step (1) is 100 mesh, and the ultrafine pulverization particle size is 300 mesh.

8. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The vacuum concentration conditions in step (3) are: temperature 55° C., vacuum degree -0.08 MPa, and concentration to a relative density of 1.30 g / ml.

9. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The drying treatment conditions in step (3) are: inlet air temperature 98°C, feed rate 6mL / min, nozzle pressure 0.2Mpa, and vacuum degree -0.03Mpa.

10. The method for preparing the bionic nutritional microcapsules for jellyfish seedlings according to claims 1-5, which is suitable for the granular nutritional microcapsules for young stings and juvenile stings after 9 days of birth, characterized in that: The 60-mesh capsule core particles are first poured into a round pot granulator as the mother core for rolling at a speed of 25-35r / min, and the capsule wall coating liquid is sprayed into the rolling bin at a speed of 20-100mL / min. After rolling for 10-30min, the material is discharged and dried at low temperature (50-60°C) to form 0.2-3mm granular nutrient microcapsules; the capsule core material is as shown in claim 3, and the capsule wall material is as shown in claim 4.

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