Incineration fly ash collection and treatment system and state sensing method of whole operation process thereof

Abstract

The incineration fly ash collecting and treating system comprises a chelating mixing mill and a collecting device, and the chelating mixing mill is provided with a first feeding port, a second feeding port and a discharging device; the collecting device is used for collecting chelate products; the force sensor A is mounted on the chelating mixing mill and is used for obtaining a weight difference delta m = m1-m2-m3, the weight of a chelating product discharged from the chelating mixing mill is m1, and the weights of incineration fly ash and a chelating agent entering the chelating mixing mill are m2 and m3 respectively. Whether the chelating mixing mill is in a normal state or not is judged according to the consistency of historical delta m, and when the chelating mixing mill works normally, the volume of the collecting device is determined according to the predicted discharging amount, namely the sum of m2 and m3. And the conditions of agglomeration adhesion, discharge port blockage and the like of chelate products in the chelation mixing mill are judged, and a collecting device is correspondingly adjusted, so that scattering and leakage caused by the fact that the discharge amount is not consistent with the expected discharge amount are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment and disposal, and more specifically, relates to an incineration fly ash collection and treatment system and a state perception method for the entire operation process. Background Art

[0002] The incineration fly ash of domestic waste contains characteristic pollutants such as dioxins and heavy metals, and is a conditionally exempted hazardous waste. It should still be managed as hazardous waste in the incineration power plant. The incineration fly ash of the incineration power plant is mainly produced in the deacidification tower, bag filter and other parts. The incineration fly ash of multiple production lines is mixed and collected into the same ash hopper for temporary storage through scraper conveyors, screw conveyors, bucket elevators and other devices.

[0003] At present, my country's incineration fly ash is mainly transported to landfill after chelation pretreatment in the factory. The in-plant chelation pretreatment mainly includes batch feeding, stirring and mixing, bulk bag packaging, short-term maintenance and other processes.

[0004] When the container bag is packed, the chelate product is often scattered, and the chelate product containing heavy metals leaks, causing secondary pollution to the workplace environment. At present, the method of lowering the discharge port and adding a curtain to cover the discharge port of the mixer is adopted to improve this problem, but the problem of chelate product scattering still occurs from time to time.

[0005] At the same time, the working efficiency of the chelating mixer is low and needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0006] In response to the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides an incineration fly ash collection and treatment system and a state perception method for the entire operation process thereof, which obtains the weight difference of materials entering and exiting the chelating mixer by connecting a force sensor to the chelating mixer, judges the agglomeration and adhesion of the chelating products in the chelating mixer, the blockage of the discharge port, etc., and adjusts the collection device accordingly to avoid scattering and leakage caused by the discharge amount not being consistent with the expectation.

[0007] To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an incineration fly ash collection and treatment system, comprising a chelating mixer and a collection device, characterized in that:

[0008] The chelating mixer has a first feed port for feeding incineration fly ash, a second feed port for feeding incineration fly ash, and a discharging device for discharging a chelating product mixed with the incineration fly ash and the chelating agent;

[0009] The collecting device is arranged at a position corresponding to the discharging device, so as to collect the chelated product discharged from the discharging device;

[0010] The force sensor A is installed on the chelate mixer to obtain the weight difference Δm=m1-m2m3, wherein the weight of the chelate product coming out of the chelate mixer is m1, and the weights of the incineration fly ash and the chelating agent entering the chelate mixer are m2 and m3 respectively;

[0011] According to the consistency of the historical Δm, it is judged whether the chelating mixer is in a normal state. When the chelating mixer is working normally, the volume of the collecting device is determined according to the expected discharge volume, that is, the sum of m2 and m3.

[0012] Preferably, the discharging device includes a fixed material pipe and a sliding telescopic component, the sliding telescopic component includes a driving cylinder and a telescopic discharging pipe, there are multiple driving cylinders and they are circumferentially arranged around the periphery of the fixed material pipe, the inner wall of the telescopic discharging pipe wraps the outer wall of the fixed material pipe, and the telescopic discharging pipe is fixedly connected to the fixed material pipe, the driving cylinder is connected to the lower end of the telescopic discharging pipe, and is used to drive the telescopic discharging pipe to be telescoped, so that the discharge port at the lower end of the telescopic discharging pipe rises as the chelated product in the collecting device increases, so that the distance between the discharge port of the telescopic discharging pipe and the chelated product in the collecting device is always maintained within a set threshold range, thereby eliminating the scattering and leakage of the chelated product in the collection device during the collection process of the chelated product.

[0013] Preferably, the collecting device comprises a base, a collecting frame, a container bag and an auxiliary driving cylinder, the inner cavity of the collecting frame faces the discharging device, the collecting frame comprises a displacement plate and a fixed plate, the displacement plate and the fixed plate enclose the inner cavity of the collecting frame, the fixed plate is fixedly mounted on the base, the displacement plate is movably mounted on the base, the auxiliary driving cylinder is mounted on the base and connected to the displacement plate to drive the displacement plate to move, thereby changing the volume of the inner cavity of the collecting frame, the container bag is mounted on the collecting frame and is jointly supported by the displacement plate and the fixed plate of the collecting frame to collect the chelated product.

[0014] Preferably, a transmission gear and a plurality of guide rods are also installed on the base, a transmission rack is installed on the displacement plate, the transmission rack is meshed with the transmission gear, and the displacement plate is movably mounted on each of the guide rods.

[0015] Preferably, the base is mounted on a ground rail via a slider.

[0016] Preferably, it also includes an ash hopper and a metering tank. The ash hopper is equipped with a conveying pipeline to convey the incineration fly ash into the ash hopper. The discharge port of the ash hopper is connected to the feed port of the metering tank, and the discharge port of the metering tank is connected to the first feed port of the chelating mixer.

[0017] Preferably, the chelate mixer is supported by a chelate mixer bracket, and the force sensor A is provided between the chelate mixer bracket and the chelate mixer;

[0018] The ash collecting hopper is supported by an ash collecting hopper frame, and a force sensor B is installed between the ash collecting hopper frame and the ash collecting hopper to obtain the weight difference of the incineration fly ash entering and leaving the ash collecting hopper;

[0019] A force sensor C is installed on the base of the collecting device to obtain the weight of the chelated product in the collecting device;

[0020] A material level meter is provided in the ash collecting hopper to obtain the height change of the incineration fly ash in the ash collecting hopper;

[0021] A loss-in-weight scale is provided at the discharge port of the ash collecting hopper to obtain the weight of the incineration fly ash entering the metering tank.

[0022] Preferably, a weighing device is installed at the lower discharge port of the metering tank to measure the fly ash and the fly ash in the tank as a whole.

[0023] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for sensing the state of the entire operation process of the incineration fly ash collection and treatment system is also provided, characterized in that it includes the following steps:

[0024] 1) Determination of the feeding status of the ash hopper:

[0025] The weighing sensor B installed on the ash hopper is used to obtain the total weight of the ash hopper and the incineration fly ash in the ash hopper. The weight values ​​measured at time points t1 and t2 are W1(t1) and W1(t2) respectively. The weight change rate ΔW1 of the ash hopper during the time period t1 to t2 is:

[0026]

[0027] Among them, the expected weight change rate of the ash hopper during normal feeding is set to ΔW1 * , when |ΔW 1- ΔW1 * |>

[0028] When t2>t1, it is judged that the feeding state of the ash hopper is abnormal, t2>t1, and 1 is the first allowable error threshold;

[0029] Assume that the weight loss scale at the outlet of the ash hopper measures the discharge weight values ​​at time points t1-Δt and t2-Δt respectively. ls (t1-Δt), W ls (t2-Δt), then the discharge weight change rate ΔW of the ash hopper in the time period (t1-Δt) to (t2-Δt) ls for:

[0030]

[0031] Wherein, Δt is the delay time for the incineration fly ash to enter the first feed port of the mixer from the discharge port of the ash collecting hopper through the metering tank, that is, the time for the incineration fly ash to pass through the metering tank;

[0032] Assume that the stress values ​​measured by force sensor A at time points t1 and t2 are S2(t1) and S2(t2) respectively, and the stress change rate formula is:

[0033]

[0034] Determine ΔS2 and ΔW ls The expected relationship is ΔS2 = k × ΔW ls , where k is the set coefficient;

[0035] 2) Determination of the operating status of the chelating mixer

[0036] When |ΔS2-k×ΔW ls |>2, it is judged that the operating state of the chelating mixer is abnormal, wherein 2 is the second allowable error threshold.

[0037] Preferably, within a set period of time, if the weight change rate ΔW3 of the collecting device measured by the force sensor C is less than the expected minimum value ΔW3 during normal discharge, min When ΔW3 min is the set weight change rate threshold.

[0038] In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0039] 1) In the incineration fly ash collection and treatment system of the present invention, the force sensor A can obtain the weight difference Δm of the materials entering and leaving the chelating mixer, so as to know whether the weight of the fly ash and chelating agent entering the chelating mixer is roughly the same as the weight of the chelating product coming out of the chelating mixer. According to the size of Δm, it can be judged whether there are chelating products adhering to the inner wall of the chelating mixer or blocking the discharge port of the chelating mixer, and then corresponding measures can be taken to clean the chelating mixer to prevent the agglomerated chelating products from falling and causing the chelating products to be scattered in the collection device.

[0040] In addition, the setting of the force sensor A can also accurately control the discharge amount of the chelating mixer.

[0041] 2) In the incineration fly ash collection and treatment system of the present invention, a sliding telescopic component is provided on the chelating mixer, and the sliding and telescopic movement of the telescopic discharge pipe of the sliding telescopic component can adapt to the height difference between the discharge port of the chelating mixer and the container bag below, so that the discharge port can be closely aligned with the container bag to discharge the material, thereby eliminating the scattering and leakage of the chelating product during the collection process.

[0042] 3) The incineration fly ash collection and treatment system of the present invention has a collection device equipped with a collection frame with a variable inner cavity capacity, which can adapt to the size of the container bag and can also support and regularize the shape of the container bag so that the container bag still maintains a specified shape after being filled with materials.

[0043] 4) The incineration fly ash collection and treatment system of the present invention is provided with a level meter inside the ash hopper, a force sensor A is provided on the ash hopper bracket, a loss-in-weight scale is provided at the ash hopper outlet, a force sensor B is provided on the bracket of the chelating mixer, and a force sensor C is provided on the container bag collection device, so as to measure the level of the ash hopper, the total weight of the ash hopper and the incineration fly ash inside, the weight of the incineration fly ash used for each chelating pretreatment, the weight of the chelate product generated by each chelating mixing, and the weight of the chelate product after bagging each chelating mixing in sequence, and transmit these weighing and metering data to the weighing and metering system, so as to realize weighing and metering closed-loop control of the whole process of the incineration fly ash material flow in the factory, and quickly discover problems such as equipment blockage and leakage and take corresponding measures; the present invention is used to solve the problems of lack of weighing and metering closed-loop in the whole process of the incineration fly ash factory, poor workshop environment and sanitation, and low utilization rate of subsequent processing space.

[0044] 5) The state sensing method of the whole operation process of the incineration fly ash collection and treatment system of the present invention can accurately judge the incineration fly ash collection and treatment system, thereby judging whether the operation state of the chelating mixer is abnormal or whether the discharge port of the chelating mixer is blocked. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of an incineration fly ash processing and collection device.

[0046] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the collecting device.

[0047] Figure 3 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the collecting device.

[0048] Figure 4 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the telescopic feeding assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0050] After analysis, the reason for the scattering of chelate pre-treated bulk bags in the factory is that the chelate products formed by mixing in the chelate mixer may clump and adhere to the inner wall of the chelate mixer without falling off, or adhere to the discharge port of the chelate mixer and block the discharge port of the chelate mixer, resulting in residual chelate products on the chelate mixer;

[0051] When incineration fly ash enters the chelating mixer for chelating mixing later, the agglomerated chelating product adhering to the inner wall of the chelating mixer may leak out in large quantities from the discharge port of the chelating mixer and hit the chelating product in the collecting device, causing the scattering and leakage of the chelating product. This situation cannot be predicted at present, and even if the position of the mixer discharge port is adjusted according to the expected discharge amount and a curtain is installed to cover it, the scattering of the chelating product cannot be effectively improved.

[0052] In addition, the chelate product that blocks the discharge port of the chelate mixer will affect the discharge efficiency of the chelate mixer and cause inaccurate amount of chelate product collected in the collecting device, resulting in inconsistent weight of the collecting device after loading, thereby reducing the space utilization rate of subsequent storage, transportation and landfill.

[0053] At the same time, the discharge port of the chelating mixer is fixed and cannot adapt to the accidental changes in the discharge volume, resulting in a large height difference between it and the collecting device below, which makes the chelating product easy to be scattered during the bagging process.

[0054] Reference Figure 1 to Figure 4 The incineration fly ash collection and treatment system includes a chelating mixer 4 and a collection device 6.

[0055] The chelating mixer 4 has a first feed port for feeding incineration fly ash, a second feed port for feeding in a chelating agent, and a discharging device for discharging a chelated product mixed with the incineration fly ash and the chelating agent;

[0056] The collecting device 6 is arranged at a position corresponding to the discharging device, so as to collect the chelated product discharged from the discharging device;

[0057] The force sensor A is installed on the chelating mixer 4 to obtain the weight difference Δm=m1-m2-m3, wherein the weight of the chelating product coming out of the chelating mixer 4 is m1, and the weights of the incineration fly ash and the chelating agent entering the chelating mixer 4 are m2 and m3 respectively. As an option, the weight m2 of the incineration fly ash, the weight m3 of the chelating agent and the weight m1 of the chelating product can be obtained respectively, and then Δm is calculated. Preferably, the chelating mixer 4 of the present invention is supported by a chelating mixer bracket, and the force sensor A is provided between the chelating mixer bracket and the chelating mixer 4, then the weight change of the chelating mixer 4 and the materials therein detected by the force sensor A can be used to obtain Δm, and it can be known whether there is a chelating product adhering to the inner wall of the chelating mixer 4 or blocking the discharge port of the chelating mixer 4.

[0058] According to the consistency of historical Δm, it is judged whether the chelating mixer is in a normal state. When the chelating mixer is working normally, the volume of the collecting device is determined according to the expected discharge volume. When Δm is highly consistent with the historical data, that is, the difference is less than the preset threshold, it is judged that the chelating mixer is in a normal state, and the volume of the collecting device is determined according to the expected discharge volume, that is, the sum of m2 and m3 (m2+m3);

[0059] After discharging, if the chelating mixer is in an abnormal state, the chelating product adheres to the inner wall of the chelating mixer or blocks the discharging port of the chelating mixer. After the volume of the collecting device is determined according to the expected discharging amount, although the container bag is not full, it will not cause scattering and leakage. At this time, Δm has a low consistency with the historical data, that is, the difference is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, and it is judged that the chelating mixer is in an abnormal state. The chelating mixer is cleaned in time to effectively avoid scattering and leakage.

[0060] After cleaning the chelate mixer, the state of the chelate mixer is reset to normal.

[0061] When Δm has low consistency with historical data, that is, the difference is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, it is judged that the chelate mixer is in an abnormal state, for example, the chelate product adheres to the inner wall of the chelate mixer or blocks the discharge port of the chelate mixer. After the volume of the collecting device is determined according to the expected discharge volume, although the container bag is not full, it will not cause scattering and leakage. Even if the chelate mixer is cleaned and the chelate mixer works normally, scattering and leakage can be effectively avoided.

[0062] Further, the discharging device includes a fixed material pipe 5 and a sliding telescopic component, the sliding telescopic component includes a driving cylinder 7 and a telescopic discharging pipe, there are multiple driving cylinders 7 and they are circumferentially arranged on the periphery of the fixed material pipe 5, preferably there are four driving cylinders 7 and they are arranged around the fixed material pipe 5 in the vertical direction, the driving cylinder 7 can be fixed on the fixed material pipe 5, and can also be fixed on the body of the chelating mixer 4, the inner wall of the telescopic discharging pipe wraps the outer wall of the fixed material pipe 5, preferably the inner wall of the upper end wraps the outer wall of the fixed material pipe 5, and the telescopic discharging pipe is fixedly connected to the fixed material pipe 5, the driving cylinder 7 is connected to the lower end of the telescopic discharging pipe, and is used to drive the telescopic discharging pipe to retract, so that the discharging port at the lower end of the telescopic discharging pipe rises as the chelated product in the collecting device 6 increases, so that the distance between the discharging port of the telescopic discharging pipe and the chelated product in the collecting device 6 is always maintained within the set threshold range, thereby eliminating the scattering and leakage of the chelated product in the process of collecting the chelated product by the collecting device 6. The driving cylinder 7 can be a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder or an electric cylinder.

[0063] Further, the collecting device 6 includes a base, a collecting frame, a container bag and an auxiliary driving cylinder 16. The inner cavity of the collecting frame faces the discharging device. The collecting frame includes a displacement plate 10 and a fixed plate 12. The displacement plate 10 and the fixed plate 12 enclose the inner cavity of the collecting frame. The fixed plate 12 is fixedly mounted on the base. The displacement plate 10 is movably mounted on the base. The auxiliary driving cylinder 16 is mounted on the base and connected to the displacement plate 10 to drive the displacement plate 10 to move, thereby changing the volume of the inner cavity of the collecting frame. The container bag is mounted on the collecting frame and is jointly supported by the displacement plate 10 and the fixed plate 12 of the collecting frame to collect the chelated product. The inner cavity of the collecting frame is preferably a rectangular cavity, so that the container bag remains a regular cube after being filled with materials.

[0064] When the chelating mixer works normally, the volume of the collecting device is determined according to the expected discharge volume. The driving control signal of the collecting device is provided by the control system. When it is necessary to start collecting the chelating product, the control system will send a control signal according to a preset program to start the auxiliary driving cylinder.

[0065] Furthermore, a transmission gear 15 and a plurality of guide rods 13 are also installed on the base, and the transmission gear 15 is preferably driven by a motor installed on the base, and a transmission rack 9 is installed on the displacement plate 10, and the transmission rack 9 is meshed with the transmission gear 15, and the displacement plate 10 is movably mounted on each of the guide rods 13. When the collection device 6 is started, the displacement plate 10 is closed with the fixed plate 12 by the rotation of the transmission gear 15 and the movement of the auxiliary drive cylinder, and finally a collection frame is formed. During the collection process, the displacement plate is precisely controlled by the transmission gear 15, the guide rod 13 and the transmission rack 9 on the displacement plate installed on the base. At the same time, the base of the collection device is installed on the ground rail through a slider, and can be moved on the rail as needed, so as to facilitate the collection and transportation of the chelated product, and its movement control signal is also issued and adjusted by the control system according to the overall operation process.

[0066] The base includes a bottom plate 14 and a side plate, a guide rod 13 and a transmission gear 15 are installed on the bottom plate 14, a driving groove 11 is opened on the side wall of the bottom plate 14, one end of the transmission gear 15 passes through the driving groove 11 and extends to the outside of the bottom plate 14, two guide rods 13 are symmetrically arranged about the bottom plate 14, and the guide rods 13 are arranged between the displacement plate 10 and the fixed plate 12, a transmission rack 9 is arranged at one end of the displacement plate 10, and a telescopic rod of an auxiliary drive cylinder 16 is arranged at the other end, and the auxiliary drive cylinder 16 is installed on the side plate of the base. The auxiliary drive cylinder 16 can be a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder or an electric cylinder.

[0067] When in use, the device is started, the transmission gear 15 rotates, the transmission gear 15 engages with the transmission rack 9, and the auxiliary driving cylinder is pushed forward at the same time, the transmission rack 9 drives the displacement plate 10 to move until the displacement plate 10 moves to the set position. After the container bag is placed in place, the telescopic rod of the driving cylinder 7 is controlled to expand, and then the telescopic material tube 8 is pushed to slide downward in the specified direction, and the lower end of the telescopic material tube 8 is extended into the container bag. When the chelated product in the container bag reaches the specified weight, the feeding is stopped, and the collection device 6 packs and shapes the container bag, and then it is transported through the ground guide rail.

[0068] Furthermore, the base is mounted on a ground rail via a slider. The ground rail is used to transport the container bag filled with the chelate product out, keep the container bag in a regular shape, and transport the collecting device 6 back to the bottom of the discharge port of the chelate mixer 4.

[0069] Furthermore, it also includes an ash hopper 2 and a metering tank 3. The ash hopper 2 is installed with a conveying pipeline 1 to convey the incineration fly ash into the ash hopper 2. The discharge port of the ash hopper 2 is connected to the feed port of the metering tank 3, and the discharge port of the metering tank 3 is connected to the first feed port of the chelating mixer 4.

[0070] The ash hopper 2 is supported by an ash hopper frame, and a force sensor B is installed between the ash hopper frame and the ash hopper 2 to obtain the weight difference of the incineration fly ash entering and leaving the ash hopper 2 .

[0071] A force sensor C is installed on the base of the collecting device 6 to obtain the weight of the chelated product in the collecting device 6. The weight m1 can be used to obtain the weight increase of the chelated product in the collecting device 6 per unit time, so that the driving cylinder 7 can drive the rising speed of the telescopic discharge pipe. Alternatively, the weight measured by the force sensor C can be used to obtain the weight increase of the chelated product in the collecting device 6 per unit time, so that the driving cylinder 7 can drive the rising speed of the telescopic discharge pipe, which can effectively avoid scattering.

[0072] A material level meter is provided in the ash collecting hopper 2 to obtain the height change of the incineration fly ash in the ash collecting hopper 2 .

[0073] A loss-in-weight scale is provided at the discharge port of the ash collecting hopper 2 to obtain the weight of the incineration fly ash entering the metering tank 3 .

[0074] Furthermore, a weighing device is installed at the lower discharge port of the metering tank 3 to measure the fly ash and the fly ash in the tank as a whole.

[0075] The present invention is provided with a retractable sliding and telescopic component to improve the feeding accuracy. When in use, the container bag is placed on the collecting frame in an open state. The retractable discharge pipe of the sliding and telescopic component can adapt to the height difference between the discharge port of the chelating mixer 4 and the container bag below, so that the discharge port of the retractable discharge pipe can be closely aligned with the container bag to discharge the material, thereby eliminating scattering and leakage during the bagging process, thereby effectively avoiding the generation of dust flying. After the fixing is completed, the equipment is started, and the incineration fly ash enters the metering tank 3 from the ash collecting hopper 2, and the weighing device on the metering tank 3 weighs. When the incineration fly ash reaches the required weight, the incineration fly ash is transported to the chelating mixer 4. After the mixing is completed, the treated incineration fly ash is put into the container bag using the fixed material pipe 5 and the retractable discharge pipe. The filled container bag is kept as a regular cube through the collecting frame. After the filling is completed, the container bag is transported to the designated position through the ground guide rail, and the collection and transportation work of the treated incineration fly ash is completed.

[0076] During the above working process, the force sensor will continuously transmit data to the control system, calculate the average value and standard deviation of the transmitted data in batches, and form a weighing and measurement account for the whole process. The average value can reflect the overall weight level, and the standard deviation can measure the degree of dispersion of the data. If the standard deviation is small, it means that the data is relatively stable and the measurement accuracy is high; if the standard deviation is large, it is necessary to further check the reliability of the data and whether the instrument is faulty.

[0077] At present, most of the data processing in fly ash incineration plants simply records weight values, lacks in-depth analysis and utilization of data, and is unable to promptly discover problems with the equipment operating status during the treatment process based on the changing trend of weight data, such as equipment blockage, material leakage and other abnormal conditions. It is also difficult to accurately evaluate and optimize the treatment effect.

[0078] All electrical components are connected to their appropriate power supplies through wires, and appropriate controllers should be selected based on actual conditions to meet control requirements. The specific connection and control sequence should refer to the following working principle, and the electrical connection between the electrical components should be completed in the order of working.

[0079] The incineration fly ash collection and treatment system of the present invention is provided with a material level meter inside the ash hopper 2, a force sensor A is provided on the ash hopper bracket, a weight loss scale is provided at the discharge port of the ash hopper 2, a force sensor B is provided on the bracket of the chelating mixer 4, and a force sensor C is provided on the container bag collection device 6, and the material level of the ash hopper 2, the total weight of the ash hopper 2 and the incineration fly ash inside, the weight of the incineration fly ash used for each chelating pretreatment, the weight of the chelate product generated by each chelating mixing, and the weight of the chelate product after bagging each chelating mixing are measured in sequence, and these weighing and measuring data are transmitted to the control system, so that the weighing and measuring closed-loop control of the whole process of the incineration fly ash material flow in the factory can be realized. The weighing and measuring system is used to receive the above-mentioned weight data.

[0080] The weighing and metering system collects the weighing and metering data of the entire material flow process in the plant in real time, and calculates the average value and standard deviation of the weight data of the incineration fly ash before, during and after treatment within a period of time. The average value can reflect the overall weight level, and the standard deviation can measure the degree of dispersion of the data. If the standard deviation is small, it means that the data is relatively stable and the accuracy of the measurement is high; if the standard deviation is large, it is necessary to further check the reliability of the data and detect whether the instrument is faulty. Form a whole process weighing and metering ledger (it should be noted that these weighing and metering sensors are redundantly set, and the weighing and metering data verification module of the control system can perform closed-loop analysis on these redundant weighing and metering data); the weighing and metering data of each link of the control system are used to realize the automatic control of the discharge, chelation pretreatment, bagging and transportation of the incineration fly ash; the control system monitors the weight of each chelation pretreatment product after bagging, and when the weight reaches the set limit, closes the discharge port of the chelation mixer 4 to keep the weight of the container bag consistent after filling.

[0081] The driving control signal of the discharging device is mainly derived from the monitoring of the material state in the collecting device. Specifically, the weight information of the chelated product in the collecting device is obtained by the force sensor C installed on the collecting device, and the weight change rate ΔW3 is calculated in combination with factors such as time.

[0082] When the weight change rate ΔW3 is less than the expected minimum value ΔW3min during normal discharging, it is judged that the discharging port of the chelating mixer may be blocked. At this time, the control system will send a corresponding control signal to stop the operation of the discharging device, and may trigger the alarm device to prompt the operator to check and handle. In the case of normal discharging, the volume of the collecting device is determined according to the expected discharging amount. According to the preset discharging speed, the control system will generate a corresponding control signal to drive the driving cylinder, so that the discharging port of the telescopic discharging pipe rises as the chelating product in the collecting device increases, and the distance between the discharging port and the chelating product is kept within the set threshold range to ensure the stability and uniformity of the discharging.

[0083] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for sensing the state of the entire operation process of the incineration fly ash collection and treatment system is also provided, comprising the following steps:

[0084] 1) Judgment of the feeding status of ash collecting hopper 2:

[0085] The weighing sensor B installed on the ash hopper 2 is used to obtain the total weight of the ash hopper 2 and the incineration fly ash in the ash hopper 2. The weight values ​​measured at time points t1 and t2 are W1(t1) and W1(t2) respectively. The weight change rate ΔW1 of the ash hopper 2 in the time period from t1 to t2 is:

[0086]

[0087] Among them, the expected weight change rate of the ash hopper 2 during normal feeding is set to ΔW1 * , when |ΔW 1- ΔW1 * |>1, it is judged that the feeding state of ash hopper 2 is abnormal, t2>t1, 1 is the first allowable error threshold, which is determined according to the actual equipment and process;

[0088] Assume that the weight loss scale at the outlet of the ash hopper 2 measures the discharge weight values ​​at time points t1-Δt and t2-Δt respectively. ls (t1-Δt), W ls (t2-Δt), then the discharge weight change rate ΔW of the ash hopper 2 in the time period (t1-Δt) to (t2-Δt) ls for:

[0089]

[0090] Wherein, Δt is the delay time for the incineration fly ash to enter the first feed port of the mixer from the discharge port of the ash collecting hopper 2 through the metering tank 3, that is, the time for the incineration fly ash to pass through the metering tank 3;

[0091] Assume that the stress values ​​measured by force sensor A at time points t1 and t2 are S2(t1) and S2(t2) respectively, and the stress change rate formula is:

[0092]

[0093] Note: When calculating ΔW LS When ΔS2 is equal to or greater than ΔW, the data collection time point is adjusted accordingly. LS , using the weight loss scale data W of the ash hopper 2 outlet corresponding to the time points t1-Δt and t2-Δt LS (t1-Δt) and W LS (t2-Δt) is used to ensure that the calculated rate of change of discharge weight corresponds to the amount of material that actually enters the mixer and generates stress. When calculating ΔS2, the mixer support stress sensor data S2(t1) and S2(t2) corresponding to time points t1 and t2 are still used. The time-adjusted sum can better match in time, making the relationship between the two more consistent with actual operation.

[0094] Under normal circumstances, ΔS2 should be equal to ΔW LS The relationship between ΔS2 and ΔW can be determined by establishing an empirical model. LS The expected relationship is, ΔS2 = k*ΔW LS (k is a coefficient determined based on experiments or historical data).

[0095] 2) Determination of the operating status of the chelating mixer 4

[0096] When |ΔS2-k*ΔW LS |>2 (2 is the second allowable error threshold), it is judged that the chelating mixer 4 is in an abnormal operating state. This means that the deviation between the actual measured stress change rate and the expected stress change rate based on the discharge weight change rate exceeds the normal allowable range. Possible situations include: If ΔS2 is too large, exceeding the expected k*ΔW LS If ΔS2 is too small, it may be that the material has not entered the mixer normally or the sensor is faulty. In this way, abnormal conditions in the operation of the chelating mixer 4 can be discovered in time so that corresponding maintenance and adjustment measures can be taken.

[0097] Furthermore, within a set period of time, if the weight change rate ΔW3 of the collecting device 6 measured by the force sensor C is less than the expected minimum value ΔW3 during normal discharge, min When , it is determined that the discharge port of the chelating mixer 4 is blocked, wherein ΔW3 min The weight change rate threshold is set according to the equipment design and process.

[0098] It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An incineration fly ash collection and treatment system, comprising a chelating mixer and a collection device, characterized in that: The chelating mixer has a first feed port for feeding incineration fly ash, a second feed port for feeding incineration fly ash, and a discharging device for discharging a chelating product mixed with the incineration fly ash and the chelating agent; The collecting device is arranged at a position corresponding to the discharging device, so as to collect the chelated product discharged from the discharging device; The force sensor A is installed on the chelate mixer to obtain a weight difference Δm=m1-m2-m3, wherein the weight of the chelate product coming out of the chelate mixer is m1, and the weights of the incineration fly ash and the chelating agent entering the chelate mixer are m2 and m3 respectively; According to the consistency of the historical Δm, it is judged whether the chelating mixer is in a normal state. When the chelating mixer is working normally, the volume of the collecting device is determined according to the expected discharge volume, that is, the sum of m2 and m3.

2. The incineration fly ash collection and treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharging device includes a fixed material pipe and a sliding telescopic component, the sliding telescopic component includes a driving cylinder and a telescopic discharging pipe, there are multiple driving cylinders and they are circumferentially arranged on the periphery of the fixed material pipe, the inner wall of the telescopic discharging pipe wraps the outer wall of the fixed material pipe, and the telescopic discharging pipe is fixedly connected to the fixed material pipe, the driving cylinder is connected to the lower end of the telescopic discharging pipe, and is used to drive the telescopic discharging pipe to be telescoped, so that the discharge port at the lower end of the telescopic discharging pipe increases with the increase of the chelated product in the collecting device, so that the distance between the discharge port of the telescopic discharging pipe and the chelated product in the collecting device is always maintained within the set threshold range, thereby eliminating the scattering and leakage of the chelated product in the process of collecting the chelated product by the collecting device.

3. The incineration fly ash collection and treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting device comprises a base, a collecting frame, a container bag and an auxiliary driving cylinder. The inner cavity of the collecting frame faces the discharging device. The collecting frame comprises a displacement plate and a fixed plate. The displacement plate and the fixed plate enclose the inner cavity of the collecting frame. The fixed plate is fixedly mounted on the base, and the displacement plate is movably mounted on the base. The auxiliary driving cylinder is mounted on the base and connected to the displacement plate to drive the displacement plate to move, thereby changing the volume of the inner cavity of the collecting frame. The container bag is mounted on the collecting frame and is jointly supported by the displacement plate and the fixed plate of the collecting frame to collect chelated products.

4. The incineration fly ash collection and treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A transmission gear and a plurality of guide rods are also installed on the base, a transmission rack is installed on the displacement plate, the transmission rack is meshed with the transmission gear, and the displacement plate is movably mounted on each of the guide rods.

5. The incineration fly ash collection and treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The base is installed on the ground guide rail through a sliding block.

6. The incineration fly ash collection and treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an ash hopper and a metering tank. The ash hopper is equipped with a conveying pipeline to convey the incineration fly ash into the ash hopper. The discharge port of the ash hopper is connected to the feed port of the metering tank, and the discharge port of the metering tank is connected to the first feed port of the chelating mixer.

7. The incineration fly ash collection and treatment system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The chelate mixer is supported by a chelate mixer bracket, and the force sensor A is arranged between the chelate mixer bracket and the chelate mixer; The ash collecting hopper is supported by an ash collecting hopper frame, and a force sensor B is installed between the ash collecting hopper frame and the ash collecting hopper to obtain the weight difference of the incineration fly ash entering and leaving the ash collecting hopper; A force sensor C is installed on the base of the collecting device to obtain the weight of the chelated product in the collecting device; A material level meter is provided in the ash collecting hopper to obtain the height change of the incineration fly ash in the ash collecting hopper; A loss-in-weight scale is provided at the discharge port of the ash collecting hopper to obtain the weight of the incineration fly ash entering the metering tank.

8. The incineration fly ash collection and treatment system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A weighing device is installed at the discharge port at the lower end of the metering tank to measure the fly ash and the fly ash in the tank as a whole.

9. The method for sensing the state of the whole operation process of the incineration fly ash collection and treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Determination of the feeding status of the ash hopper: The weighing sensor B installed on the ash hopper is used to obtain the total weight of the ash hopper and the incineration fly ash in the ash hopper. The weight values ​​measured at time points t1 and t2 are W1(t1) and W1(t2) respectively. The weight change rate ΔW1 of the ash hopper during the time period t1 to t2 is: Among them, the expected weight change rate of the ash hopper during normal feeding is set to ΔW1 * , when |ΔW 1- ΔW1 * |>1, it is judged that the feeding state of the ash hopper is abnormal, t2>t1, 1 is the first allowable error threshold; Assume that the weight loss scale at the outlet of the ash hopper measures the discharge weight values ​​at time points t1-Δt and t2-Δt respectively. ls (t1-Δt), W ls (t2-Δt), then the discharge weight change rate ΔW of the ash hopper in the time period (t1-Δt) to (t2-Δt) ls for: Wherein, Δt is the delay time for the incineration fly ash to enter the first feed port of the mixer from the discharge port of the ash collecting hopper through the metering tank, that is, the time for the incineration fly ash to pass through the metering tank; Assume that the stress values ​​measured by force sensor A at time points t1 and t2 are S2(t1) and S2(t2) respectively, and the stress change rate formula is: Determine ΔS2 and ΔW ls The expected relationship is ΔS2 = k × ΔW ls , where k is the set coefficient; 2) Determination of the operating status of the chelating mixer When |ΔS2-k×ΔW ls |>2, it is judged that the operating state of the chelating mixer is abnormal, wherein 2 is the second allowable error threshold.

10. The method for sensing the state of the entire operation process of the incineration fly ash collection and treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Within a set period of time, if the weight change rate ΔW3 of the collecting device measured by the force sensor C is less than the expected minimum value ΔW3 during normal discharge, min When ΔW3 min is the set weight change rate threshold.

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