High-wettability quenching oil and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of quenching oil, in particular to high-wettability quenching oil and a preparation method thereof. The high-wettability quenching oil comprises the following substances in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of trimethylolpropane; 8-15 parts of tall oil fatty acid; 0.8 to 1.5 parts of a catalyst; and 45 to 55 parts of xylene. The fatty acid methyl ester synthesized by adopting trimethylolpropane and tall oil fatty acid as raw materials has good fluidity and relatively low viscosity, and is beneficial to improving the heat exchange efficiency between metal and quenching oil, so that the cooling effect is improved. On the basis, the molecular structure of the prepared fatty acid methyl ester comprises a long-chain fatty acid part and a short-chain methanol part. The amphiphilic structure enables the fatty acid methyl ester to show good interfacial activity on a water and oil phase interface, so that the wetting ability of the fatty acid methyl ester to a metal surface is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of quenching oil, in particular to a high-wetting quenching oil and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Quenching oil is a cooling medium used in the heat treatment process of metals. It is mainly used in the quenching process to improve the hardness and strength of metal materials. Quenching is an important process in metal processing, usually used for steel and its alloys, which aims to change the microstructure of the material through rapid cooling, thereby improving its physical and mechanical properties. The use of quenching oil can effectively control the cooling rate and reduce the occurrence of material deformation and cracks.

[0003] Quenching oil is usually composed of mineral oil, vegetable oil or synthetic oil. In recent years, with the increasing awareness of environmental protection, the environmental protection and safety of quenching oil have gradually become the focus of research. Traditional mineral oils are facing increasingly stringent regulatory restrictions due to their non-biodegradability and potential environmental pollution problems. Therefore, the development of bio-based quenching oils and environmentally friendly synthetic oils has become a trend in industry development. Synthetic quenching oils excel in high temperature performance and cleanliness and are suitable for high-demand industrial applications. Synthetic quenching oils have moderate viscosity and good cooling performance and oxidation stability.

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the inventors found that the wettability between the existing synthetic quenching oil and the workpiece is poor, which affects the heat transfer efficiency and reduces the cooling rate in the low-temperature section. At the same time, the poor wettability also leads to inconsistent cooling rate on the workpiece surface during the quenching process, resulting in uneven cooling rate and soft spots. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to improve the above technical problems, the present application provides a high-wetting quenching oil and a preparation method thereof.

[0006] A high wettability quenching oil adopts the following technical solution: A high wettability quenching oil, comprising the following substances in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of trimethylolpropane; 8-15 parts tall oil fatty acid Catalyst 0.8-1.5 parts; 45-55 parts of xylene.

[0007] Through the above technical scheme, the fatty acid methyl ester synthesized by trimethylolpropane and tall oil fatty acid as raw materials in this application has good fluidity and low viscosity. This fluidity makes the quenching oil easier to flow under high temperature conditions, can quickly cover the metal surface, and helps to improve the heat exchange efficiency between the metal and the quenching oil, thereby improving the cooling effect. On this basis, the molecular structure of the fatty acid methyl ester prepared by this application includes a long-chain fatty acid part and a short-chain methanol part. The long-chain fatty acid part is hydrophobic, while the methanol part is hydrophilic. This amphiphilic structure allows fatty acid methyl ester to show good interfacial activity at the interface between water and oil phases. Due to the presence of polar groups in its molecules, fatty acid methyl ester can effectively reduce the surface tension of the liquid, thereby enhancing its wetting ability to the metal surface.

[0008] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a high-wetting quenching oil, using the following technical solution: A method for preparing a high-wetting quenching oil comprises the following steps: Trimethylolpropane, tall oil fatty acid, a catalyst and xylene are mixed and placed in a reaction device, mixed and placed in a nitrogen atmosphere and heated at a constant temperature; After the reaction is completed, xylene and water are separated by vacuum distillation, the oil is washed with a saturated sodium carbonate solution at room temperature, trimethylolpropane fatty acid ester is extracted with ethyl acetate, and the product is separated by vacuum distillation to prepare the high wettability quenching oil.

[0009] Through the above technical scheme, the present application reduces the risk of oxidation by controlling the reaction environment, and improves the purity and stability of the final product. The introduction of nitrogen atmosphere can prevent the intermediate products produced during the reaction from reacting with moisture and oxygen in the air, thereby improving the performance of the quenching oil. In addition, the step of vacuum distillation effectively separates unreacted xylene and moisture, which helps to improve the concentration and performance of the product. In the process of washing with sodium carbonate solution, possible acidic impurities can be removed, further improving the quality of the product. Through these steps, the quenching oil prepared has ideal chemical stability and thermal stability, and is suitable for various metal quenching processes.

[0010] Furthermore, the catalyst is SnCl2.

[0011] Through the above technical scheme, the present application uses SnCl2 as a catalyst to effectively accelerate the reaction rate and reduce the required reaction temperature. In the synthesis of quenching oil, SnCl2 can promote the esterification reaction between trimethylolpropane and tall oil fatty acid, thereby improving the yield and reaction efficiency of the product. The use of SnCl2 also has the advantage of environmental friendliness. Compared with other heavy metal catalysts, it produces relatively few by-products during the reaction process, reducing pollution to the environment. In addition, the appropriate selection of the catalyst also affects the final properties of the product, which can ensure that the quenching oil has good performance and applicability.

[0012] Furthermore, the constant temperature heating temperature is 168-178°C.

[0013] Through the above technical solution, the present application optimizes the reaction temperature. Within this temperature range, the reaction of trimethylolpropane and tall oil fatty acid can be effectively promoted without causing unnecessary side reactions or decomposition reactions. Appropriate temperature control can ensure the selectivity of the reaction, improve the conversion rate of the esterification reaction, and ensure the performance standards of the final quenching oil. In addition, maintaining within this temperature range also helps to improve the activity of the catalyst and ensure the efficient completion of the catalytic process, thereby reducing energy consumption and improving production efficiency in the overall manufacturing process.

[0014] Furthermore, a stabilizing modifier is added to the high wettability quenching oil, and the stabilizing modifier is ZSM-5 nanomolecular sieve.

[0015] Through the above technical solution, the present application adds a stabilizing modifier ZSM-5 nanomolecular sieve to the quenching oil. The unique pore structure of the ZSM-5 molecular sieve gives it a high specific surface area and adsorption capacity. By adding ZSM-5, the thermal stability and oxidation resistance of the quenching oil can be enhanced, the degradation of the oil during high-temperature quenching can be prevented, and its service life can be extended. In addition, the addition of ZSM-5 may also improve the fluidity and dispersibility of the oil, improve the wetting properties of the metal surface, and thus enhance the quenching effect.

[0016] Furthermore, the ZSM-5 nanomolecular sieve is also loaded with a wetting and modifying material, and the wetting and modifying material is an anionic surfactant.

[0017] Through the above technical scheme, the present application loads the infiltration modification material, i.e., anionic surfactant, in the ZSM-5 nanomolecular sieve. This design not only utilizes the unique structural characteristics of ZSM-5, but also improves the wettability of quenching oil by the introduction of surfactant. Anionic surfactant can significantly reduce the surface tension of liquid, thereby enhancing the wetting ability of oil to metal surface, improving cooling effect, and reducing the formation of bubbles. By loading the infiltration modification material on ZSM-5, higher infiltration efficiency and lower dosage can be achieved, reducing production costs, and making the oil product show better performance during use.

[0018] Furthermore, the anionic surfactant includes at least one of sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, sodium petroleum sulfonate, alkyl phosphate ester or sodium alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate.

[0019] Through the above technical scheme, the present application optimizes the components of anionic surfactants, each of which has its own characteristics and can play a role in different application scenarios. They reduce the surface tension of the liquid and enhance the wetting performance of the quenching oil, thereby improving the cooling rate and uniformity of the metal material. Selecting a variety of surfactants can adjust and optimize the performance of the oil according to the specific quenching requirements. In addition, the combination of various surfactants also helps to improve the stability of the quenching oil, reduce the risk of decomposition at high temperatures, and improve the overall processing performance.

[0020] Furthermore, the ZSM-5 nanomolecular sieve loaded with the impregnation modification material is prepared by the following scheme: The ZSM-5 nanomolecular sieve is surface pretreated. After the pretreatment is completed, an anionic surfactant is mixed with water, the mixed liquid is collected, and the pretreated ZSM-5 nanomolecular sieve and the mixed liquid are stirred and mixed and ultrasonically dispersed. The dispersed slurry is collected and placed in an oven for drying to prepare the ZSM-5 nanomolecular sieve loaded with the impregnation modification material.

[0021] Furthermore, the surface pretreatment adopts the following technical scheme: The silane coupling agent is taken and mixed with anhydrous ethanol, the composite liquid is collected and the ZSM-5 nano-molecular sieve is immersed in the composite liquid for 3-5 hours, then rinsed with water and dried to complete the surface pretreatment.

[0022] Through the above technical scheme, the present application modifies the surface of ZSM-5 nanomolecular sieve by using silane coupling agent. Silane coupling agent can form an organic film on the surface of ZSM-5, increase its interaction with the infiltrated modified material, and improve the loading efficiency. This pretreatment step effectively improves the lipophilicity and chemical stability of the molecular sieve, making it more efficient in the subsequent loading process. The optimized surface chemical structure helps to ensure the performance consistency and stability of the final product. In addition, pretreatment can also reduce the agglomeration of the molecular sieve and enhance its dispersibility in the quenching oil, thereby improving the overall performance of the oil.

[0023] Furthermore, the silane coupling agent includes any one of an aminosilane coupling agent or a methacryloxysilane coupling agent.

[0024] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: First, the fatty acid methyl ester synthesized by using trimethylolpropane and tall oil fatty acid as raw materials in this application has good fluidity and low viscosity. This fluidity makes quenching oil easier to flow under high temperature conditions, can quickly cover the metal surface, and helps to improve the heat exchange efficiency between the metal and the quenching oil, thereby improving the cooling effect. On this basis, the molecular structure of the fatty acid methyl ester prepared by this application includes a long-chain fatty acid part and a short-chain methanol part. The long-chain fatty acid part is hydrophobic, while the methanol part is hydrophilic. This amphiphilic structure allows fatty acid methyl ester to show good interfacial activity at the interface between water and oil phases. Due to the presence of polar groups in its molecules, fatty acid methyl ester can effectively reduce the surface tension of the liquid, thereby enhancing its wetting ability to the metal surface.

[0025] Second, the present application adds a stabilizing modifier ZSM-5 nanomolecular sieve to the quenching oil. The unique pore structure of the ZSM-5 molecular sieve gives it a high specific surface area and adsorption capacity. By adding ZSM-5, the thermal stability and oxidation resistance of the quenching oil can be enhanced, the degradation of the oil during high-temperature quenching can be prevented, and its service life can be extended. In addition, the addition of ZSM-5 may also improve the fluidity and dispersibility of the oil, improve the wetting properties of the metal surface, and thus enhance the quenching effect.

[0026] Third, the present application loads infiltration modification materials, i.e. anionic surfactants, in ZSM-5 nanomolecular sieves. This design not only utilizes the unique structural characteristics of ZSM-5, but also improves the wettability of quenching oil by the introduction of surfactants. Anionic surfactants can significantly reduce the surface tension of liquids, thereby enhancing the wetting ability of oil to metal surfaces, improving cooling effects, and reducing the formation of bubbles. By loading the infiltration modification materials on ZSM-5, higher infiltration efficiency and lower dosage can be achieved, reducing production costs, and making the oil products show better performance in use. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present application is further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0028] In the examples of the present application, the raw materials and instruments used are as follows, but not limited thereto: The present application is further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0029] Preparation Example 1 Take 50g of silane coupling agent and mix it with 1kg of anhydrous ethanol, collect the composite liquid and immerse 200g of ZSM-5 nanomolecular sieve in the composite liquid, soak for 3-5h, rinse with deionized water for 3-5 times, and dry at 60°C to complete the surface pretreatment.

[0030] After the pretreatment is completed, 200g of anionic surfactant sodium petroleum sulfonate is mixed with 2kg of water, the mixed liquid is collected and 100g of pretreated ZSM-5 nanomolecular sieve is stirred and mixed with the mixed liquid and ultrasonically dispersed at 300W, the dispersed slurry is collected and placed in an oven, and dried at 60°C to prepare the ZSM-5 nanomolecular sieve loaded with the infiltration modified material.

[0031] Example 1 A high wettability quenching oil includes the following substances: 40 kg trimethylolpropane, 8 kg tall oil fatty acid, 0.8 kg catalyst SnCl2 and 45 kg xylene.

[0032] A method for preparing a high-wetting quenching oil comprises the following steps: Take trimethylolpropane, tall oil fatty acid, catalyst and xylene, stir and mix, place in a reaction device, stir and mix, place under nitrogen atmosphere, heat to 168° C. and keep heated for 3 hours; After the reaction is completed, xylene and water are separated by vacuum distillation, the oil is washed with a saturated sodium carbonate solution at room temperature, trimethylolpropane fatty acid ester is extracted with ethyl acetate, and the product is separated by vacuum distillation to prepare the high wettability quenching oil.

[0033] Example 2 A high wettability quenching oil includes the following substances: 50 kg trimethylolpropane, 12 kg tall oil fatty acid, 1.0 kg catalyst SnCl2 and 50 kg xylene.

[0034] A method for preparing a high-wetting quenching oil comprises the following steps: Take trimethylolpropane, tall oil fatty acid, catalyst and xylene, stir and mix, place in a reaction device, stir and mix, place in a nitrogen atmosphere, heat to 168-178° C. and keep heated for 3 hours; After the reaction is completed, xylene and water are separated by vacuum distillation, the oil is washed with a saturated sodium carbonate solution at room temperature, trimethylolpropane fatty acid ester is extracted with ethyl acetate, and the product is separated by vacuum distillation to prepare the high wettability quenching oil.

[0035] Example 3 A high wettability quenching oil includes the following substances: 60 kg trimethylolpropane, 15 kg tall oil fatty acid, 1.5 kg catalyst SnCl2 and 55 kg xylene.

[0036] A method for preparing a high-wetting quenching oil comprises the following steps: Take trimethylolpropane, tall oil fatty acid, catalyst and xylene, stir and mix, place in a reaction device, stir and mix, place in a nitrogen atmosphere, heat to 178° C. and keep heated for 3 hours; After the reaction is completed, xylene and water are separated by vacuum distillation, the oil is washed with a saturated sodium carbonate solution at room temperature, trimethylolpropane fatty acid ester is extracted with ethyl acetate, and the product is separated by vacuum distillation to prepare the high wettability quenching oil.

[0037] Example 4 A high wettability quenching oil includes the following substances: 60 kg trimethylolpropane, 15 kg tall oil fatty acid, 1.5 kg catalyst SnCl2 and 55 kg xylene.

[0038] A method for preparing a high-wetting quenching oil comprises the following steps: Take trimethylolpropane, tall oil fatty acid, catalyst and xylene, stir and mix, place in a reaction device, stir and mix, place in a nitrogen atmosphere, heat to 178° C. and keep heated for 3 hours; After the reaction is completed, xylene and water are separated by vacuum distillation, the oil is washed with a saturated sodium carbonate solution at room temperature, trimethylolpropane fatty acid ester is extracted with ethyl acetate, and the product is separated by vacuum distillation to prepare a quenching oil matrix; Take 2 kg of quenching oil matrix and add 1 g of ZSM-5 nanomolecular sieve, stir and mix, and disperse by ultrasonic to prepare high wettability quenching oil.

[0039] Example 5 A high wettability quenching oil includes the following substances: 60 kg trimethylolpropane, 15 kg tall oil fatty acid, 1.5 kg catalyst SnCl2 and 55 kg xylene.

[0040] A method for preparing a high-wetting quenching oil comprises the following steps: Take trimethylolpropane, tall oil fatty acid, catalyst and xylene, stir and mix, place in a reaction device, stir and mix, place in a nitrogen atmosphere, heat to 178° C. and keep heated for 3 hours; After the reaction is completed, xylene and water are separated by vacuum distillation, the oil is washed with a saturated sodium carbonate solution at room temperature, trimethylolpropane fatty acid ester is extracted with ethyl acetate, and the product is separated by vacuum distillation to prepare a quenching oil matrix; Take 2 kg of quenching oil matrix and add 1 g of ZSM-5 nanomolecular sieve loaded with wettability modification material, stir and mix, and ultrasonically disperse to prepare high wettability quenching oil.

[0041] It should be noted that in the present invention, the anionic surfactant used includes at least one of sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, sodium petroleum sulfonate, alkyl phosphate or sodium alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate. The performance of the high wettability quenching oil prepared in Examples 1-5 was tested: The surface tension of schemes A-E was tested using a German Dataphysics DCAT25 surface tension tester.

[0042] The details are shown in Table 1 below: Table 1 Performance test table project Surface tension / mN / m Example 1 26.1 Example 2 25.3 Example 3 26.0 Example 4 24.8 Example 5 23.6 From the results of Table 1 of the above Examples 1-5, it can be found that: It can be seen from Examples 1-3 that the fatty acid methyl ester synthesized by using trimethylolpropane and tall oil fatty acid as raw materials in the present application has good fluidity and low viscosity, and this fluidity makes the quenching oil easier to flow under high temperature conditions, can quickly cover the metal surface, and helps to improve the heat exchange efficiency between the metal and the quenching oil, thereby improving the cooling effect. On this basis, the molecular structure of the fatty acid methyl ester prepared by the present application includes a long-chain fatty acid part and a short-chain methanol part. The long-chain fatty acid part is hydrophobic, while the methanol part is hydrophilic. This amphiphilic structure allows fatty acid methyl ester to show good interfacial activity at the interface of water and oil phase. Due to the presence of polar groups in its molecules, fatty acid methyl ester can effectively reduce the surface tension of the liquid, thereby enhancing its wetting ability to the metal surface.

[0043] In combination with Example 4 and Example 1-3, the present application further illustrates the addition of a stabilizing modifier ZSM-5 nanomolecular sieve to the quenching oil. The unique pore structure of the ZSM-5 molecular sieve gives it a high specific surface area and adsorption capacity. By adding ZSM-5, the thermal stability and oxidation resistance of the quenching oil can be enhanced, the degradation of the oil during high-temperature quenching can be prevented, and its service life can be extended. In addition, the addition of ZSM-5 may also improve the fluidity and dispersibility of the oil, improve the wetting properties of the metal surface, and thus enhance the quenching effect.

[0044] In conjunction with embodiment 1-4 and embodiment 5, compare, illustrate the present application in ZSM-5 nanomolecular sieve load wetting modification material, i.e. anionic surfactant.This design not only utilizes the unique structural characteristics of ZSM-5, but also improves the wettability of quenching oil by the introduction of surfactant.Anionic surfactant can significantly reduce the surface tension of liquid, thereby enhancing the wetting ability of oil to metal surface, improves cooling effect, and reduces the formation of bubbles.By carrying the wetting modification material on ZSM-5, higher wetting efficiency and lower consumption can be achieved, production cost is reduced, and oil products are simultaneously made to show better performance in use.

[0045] The present invention has been described in detail above in conjunction with specific implementations and exemplary examples, but these descriptions cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art understand that, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, a variety of equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements may be made to the technical solution of the present invention and its implementation methods, all of which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

[0046] All publications, patent applications, patents and other references mentioned in this specification are incorporated herein by reference. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the meanings conventionally understood by those skilled in the art. In the event of a conflict, the definition in this specification shall prevail.

[0047] When this specification uses the prefix "well-known to those skilled in the art", "prior art" or similar terms to introduce materials, substances, methods, steps, devices or components, etc., the objects introduced by the prefix cover those commonly used in the art when this application is filed, but also include those that are not commonly used at present but will become recognized in the art as being suitable for similar purposes.

[0048] In the context of the present specification, any matters or items not mentioned are directly applicable to those known in the art without any changes except those explicitly stated.

Claims

1. A high wettability quenching oil, characterized in that: The composition includes the following materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of trimethylolpropane; 8-15 parts of tall oil fatty acid; Catalyst 0.8-1.5 parts; 45-55 parts of xylene.

2. The method for preparing a high wettability quenching oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method comprises the following preparation steps: Trimethylolpropane, tall oil fatty acid, a catalyst and xylene are mixed and placed in a reaction device, mixed and placed in a nitrogen atmosphere and heated at a constant temperature; After the reaction is completed, xylene and water are separated by vacuum distillation, the oil is washed with a saturated sodium carbonate solution at room temperature, trimethylolpropane fatty acid ester is extracted with ethyl acetate, and the product is separated by vacuum distillation to prepare the high wettability quenching oil.

3. The method for preparing a high wettability quenching oil according to claim 2, characterized in that: The catalyst is SnCl2.

4. The method for preparing a high wettability quenching oil according to claim 2, characterized in that: The constant temperature heating temperature is 168-178°C.

5. The method for preparing a high wettability quenching oil according to claim 2, characterized in that: A stabilizing modifier is also added to the high-wetting quenching oil, and the stabilizing modifier is ZSM-5 nano-molecular sieve.

6. The method for preparing a high wettability quenching oil according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ZSM-5 nanomolecular sieve is also loaded with a wetting and modifying material, and the wetting and modifying material is an anionic surfactant.

7. The method for preparing a high wettability quenching oil according to claim 6, characterized in that: The anionic surfactant includes at least one of sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, sodium petroleum sulfonate, alkyl phosphate ester or sodium alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate.

8. The method for preparing a high wettability quenching oil according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ZSM-5 nanomolecular sieve loaded with the impregnation modification material is prepared by the following scheme: The ZSM-5 nanomolecular sieve is surface pretreated. After the pretreatment is completed, an anionic surfactant is mixed with water, the mixed liquid is collected, and the pretreated ZSM-5 nanomolecular sieve and the mixed liquid are stirred and mixed and ultrasonically dispersed. The dispersed slurry is collected and placed in an oven for drying to prepare the ZSM-5 nanomolecular sieve loaded with the impregnation modification material.

9. The method for preparing a high wettability quenching oil according to claim 8, characterized in that: The surface pretreatment adopts the following technical solutions: The silane coupling agent is taken and mixed with anhydrous ethanol, the composite liquid is collected and the ZSM-5 nano-molecular sieve is immersed in the composite liquid for 3-5 hours, then rinsed with water and dried to complete the surface pretreatment.

10. The method for preparing a high wettability quenching oil according to claim 9, characterized in that: The silane coupling agent includes any one of an aminosilane coupling agent or a methacryloxysilane coupling agent.