Underground excavation equipment, protection method and ballastless track roadbed filler underground excavation equipment

Abstract

The underground excavation equipment comprises a walking mechanism, and the walking mechanism comprises a chassis and crawler belt devices symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the bottom of the chassis; the excavating mechanism comprises an n-shaped frame and an excavating roller; the n-shaped frame is connected to the chassis in a turnover manner; the excavating roller is rotationally arranged on the n-shaped frame, can rotate in front of the chassis and is used for excavating; the conveying mechanism comprises a conveying groove and a conveying assembly, wherein the conveying groove is connected to the base plate in a turnover mode, and the conveying assembly is arranged on the conveying groove and used for conveying materials to the rear portion of the base plate. Remote control can be achieved, the labor intensity and the safety risk coefficient of operators can be reduced, the working efficiency can be safely and effectively improved, and the construction period can be shortened and guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of engineering construction equipment, and in particular to a dark excavation device, a protection method and a dark excavation equipment for filling material of a ballastless track subgrade. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the construction of tunnel projects such as railways, highways, and subways, the dark excavation method is usually used, that is, the ground is not dug up, but the holes are dug underground. Due to the complex structure of some tunnels, existing mechanical equipment cannot complete them, so manual dark excavation can only be used. This method of excavation is very low in efficiency, and it also increases the labor intensity and safety risks of the operators, and also prolongs the construction period. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a dark excavation device, the technical solution of which is as follows: A dark excavation device includes a traveling mechanism, an excavating mechanism and a conveying mechanism. The traveling mechanism includes a chassis and crawler devices symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the bottom of the chassis; the excavating mechanism includes an n-shaped frame that can be flipped and connected to the chassis and an excavating roller that is rotatably arranged on the n-shaped frame and can rotate in front of the chassis for excavation; the conveying mechanism includes a conveying trough that can be flipped and connected to the chassis and a conveying assembly arranged on the conveying trough and used to convey materials to the rear of the chassis.

[0004] Preferably, the two opposite sides of the n-shaped frame are respectively arranged on the left and right sides above the chassis and extend toward the front of the chassis respectively; the two opposite sides of the n-shaped frame are respectively fixedly connected with brackets extending downward and obliquely toward the rear of the chassis, and the two brackets are respectively rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the rear of the chassis; the n-shaped frame flips relative to the chassis with the straight line where the two brackets are rotatably connected to the rear of the chassis as the axis, and a first driving member for driving the n-shaped frame to flip relative to the chassis is provided on the chassis.

[0005] Preferably, the first driving member is an electric hydraulic telescopic rod, and there are two electric hydraulic telescopic rods, which are symmetrically arranged on two opposite sides of the n-shaped frame; the piston rods of the two electric hydraulic telescopic rods are respectively rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the front part of the chassis, and the cylinder sleeves of the two electric hydraulic telescopic rods are respectively rotatably connected to the two opposite sides of the n-shaped frame.

[0006] Preferably, the digging roller includes a roller body and digging teeth arranged at intervals on the roller body; wherein the roller body is arranged across the n-shaped frame and rotates through the opposite sides of the n-shaped frame, and the digging teeth are arranged on the surface of the roller body with an inclination toward the direction of rotation of the roller body.

[0007] Preferably, a driving assembly for driving the roller body to rotate is provided on the n-shaped frame, and the driving assembly includes a first driving motor and a reduction transmission; wherein the first driving motor is fixedly passed through the middle connecting portion on the opposite sides of the n-shaped frame, and the reduction transmission is fixed between the opposite sides of the n-shaped frame; the output shaft of the first driving motor is drivingly connected to the input end of the reduction transmission through a coupling, and the output end of the reduction transmission is drivingly connected to the roller body.

[0008] Preferably, the digging teeth include a cylinder and a cone; wherein, the diameter of the cylinder gradually decreases from the middle to both ends, and a through hole penetrating both ends is provided in the center of the cylinder; the cone gradually tapers from one end to the other end to form a pointed cone shape, and the non-pointed cone end of the cone is coaxially fixed with a plug rod, and the plug rod is rotatably inserted in the through hole of the cylinder; an anti-wear gasket is also provided between the cylinder and the cone, and the anti-wear gasket is rotatably mounted on the outside of one end of the cylinder close to the cone, and the end of the cylinder away from the cone is fixedly connected to the surface of the roller body.

[0009] Preferably, the conveying trough is located below the n-shaped frame, and both ends of the conveying trough extend toward the front and rear directions of the chassis, the end of the conveying trough extending toward the front of the chassis is trumpet-shaped as a wide-mouthed opening end, and the end of the conveying trough extending toward the rear of the chassis is rectangular as a straight-mouthed opening end; Both sides of the wide opening end of the transmission trough are folded and extended to the left and right sides of the chassis respectively, and the folding plates folded and extended from the wide opening end of the transmission trough are rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the front of the chassis respectively; The conveying trough is turned relative to the chassis with the straight line where the folding plates folded and extended from both sides of the wide opening end of the conveying trough and the front part of the chassis as the axis, and a driving connection component for driving the conveying trough to turn relative to the chassis is arranged at the bottom of the conveying trough.

[0010] Preferably, the driving connection assembly includes a connecting rod, a polished rod, a sleeve, a V-shaped connecting piece and a second driving piece; wherein the bottom of the wide opening end of the conveying trough is symmetrically fixedly connected with a connecting rod corresponding to the left and right sides of the chassis, the polished rod is fixedly inserted between the crawler devices on the left and right sides of the bottom of the chassis, and the sleeve is symmetrically fixedly mounted on the polished rod, and the two sleeves are respectively fixedly connected with V-shaped connecting pieces; The second driving member is an electric telescopic rod. The ends of the two V-shaped connecting members facing the same direction are respectively rotatably connected to the two connecting rods, and the other ends of the two V-shaped connecting members facing the same direction are respectively rotatably connected to the piston rod of an electric telescopic rod. The cylinder sleeves of the two electric telescopic rods are respectively rotatably connected to the crawler devices on the left and right sides of the bottom of the chassis.

[0011] Preferably, the conveying assembly comprises a U-shaped frame, a second driving motor, a conveying chain, an elastic telescopic rod and a scraper; wherein the two opposite sides of the U-shaped frame extend toward the rear of the chassis and are respectively fixedly connected with mounting plates, the bottoms of the two mounting plates are respectively fixedly connected with support rods, the two support rods are respectively slidably connected with the straight opening ends of the conveying trough and are respectively rotatably connected with the extension rods extending from the left and right sides of the rear of the chassis; The second drive motor is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate on the left side of the chassis corresponding to the two mounting plates, the output shaft of the second drive motor extends toward the mounting plate on the right side of the chassis corresponding to the mounting plate on the right side of the chassis and is rotatably connected to the mounting plate on the right side of the chassis corresponding to the mounting plate, and a driving sprocket is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the second drive motor, and the driving sprocket is centrally suspended above the straight opening end of the conveying groove; The elastic telescopic rod is centrally suspended above the conveying trough, and one end of the elastic telescopic rod extends toward the rear of the chassis and is vertically fixedly connected to the middle connecting parts on the opposite sides of the U-shaped frame, and the other end of the elastic telescopic rod extends toward the front of the chassis and is rotatably connected to a driven sprocket, which is centrally suspended above the wide opening end of the conveying trough; The conveying chain passes around the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket in turn. A plurality of scrapers are fixedly arranged at equal intervals on the upper and lower surfaces of the conveying chain. The scrapers are arranged perpendicular to the conveying chain, and the length of the scrapers is adapted to the width of the conveying trough. The scrapers on the lower surface of the conveying chain are in contact with the bottom surface of the conveying trough.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a protection assembly, which includes a guard plate, a rotating rod, a push rod, an adjustment rod and a stabilizing rod; wherein the rotating rod is arranged across the n-shaped frame and is rotatably connected to the tops of the two opposite sides of the n-shaped frame, a plurality of guard plates are fixedly arranged in the length direction of the rotating rod, the push rod is arranged in parallel at the top of the left side of the n-shaped frame, and one end of the push rod extending toward the front of the chassis is rotatably connected to the rotating rod; The adjusting rod is tiltedly arranged on the side of the N-shaped frame corresponding to the left side of the chassis, the middle part of the adjusting rod is rotatably connected with the side of the N-shaped frame corresponding to the left side of the chassis, a sliding sleeve is fixed to the upward tilted end of the adjusting rod, and the end of the push rod extending toward the rear of the chassis slides through the sliding sleeve; The push rod is provided with springs on both sides of the sliding sleeve, and the push rod is provided with limit protrusions at the positions of the ends of the two springs that are away from each other; one end of the stabilizing rod extends toward the front of the chassis and is rotatably connected to the end of the adjusting rod that is tilted downward, and the other end of the stabilizing rod extends toward the rear of the chassis and is rotatably connected to a bracket fixedly connected to the left side of the chassis corresponding to the n-shaped frame; When the N-shaped frame flips over relative to the chassis, the push rod moves relative to the N-shaped frame toward the front and rear direction of the chassis, and the push rod drives the rotating rod to rotate forward or reversely. Multiple guard plates rotate forward or reversely with the rotating rod and form a barrier to protect the excavation roller.

[0013] The present invention also discloses a method for protecting dark excavation equipment, including the above-mentioned dark excavation equipment, which is characterized in that: when the N-shaped frame flips relative to the chassis, the push rod moves toward the front and rear directions of the chassis relative to the N-shaped frame, and the push rod drives the rotating rod to rotate forward or reversely, and the multiple guard plates rotate forward or reversely with the rotating rod and form a barrier to protect the excavation roller.

[0014] The invention also discloses a ballastless track roadbed filling dark excavation equipment, which is characterized by comprising the above-mentioned dark excavation equipment.

[0015] Beneficial effects: It can reduce the labor intensity and safety risk factor of operators, improve work efficiency safely and effectively, and help shorten and ensure the construction period. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 The structure of the dark excavation equipment provided by the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure I ; Figure 2 The structure of the dark excavation equipment provided by the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure II ; Figure 3 The structure of the dark excavation equipment provided by the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure III ; Figure 4 is a stereoscopic diagram of a digging tooth provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 is an exploded view of a digging tooth provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a walking mechanism and a conveying mechanism in a left-side view provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a top view of a conveying trough provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of an elastic telescopic rod provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 is a left-side structural schematic diagram of a digging roller provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Among them: 1-chassis; 2-crawler device; 3-N-shaped frame; 4-transmission trough; 5-bracket; 6-electric hydraulic telescopic rod; 7-roller; 8-digging tooth; 81-cylinder; 82-cone; 83-anti-wear gasket; 9-first drive motor; 10-reduction transmission; 11-coupling; 12-folding plate; 13-connecting rod; 14-light rod; 15-sleeve; 16-V-shaped connector; 17-electric telescopic rod; 18-U-shaped frame; 19-second drive motor; 20-transmission chain; 21-elastic telescopic rod; 22-scraper; 23-mounting plate; 24-support rod; 25-driving sprocket; 26-driven sprocket; 27-guard plate; 28-rotating rod; 29-push rod; 30-adjusting rod; 31-stabilizing rod; 32-sleeve; 33-spring; 34-extension rod; 35-electric control box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to facilitate understanding of the dark excavation equipment provided by an embodiment of the present invention, its application scenario is first explained. The dark excavation equipment is used in the fields of engineering construction and construction equipment to solve the problem that existing mechanical equipment cannot complete dark excavation in complex tunnel structure projects such as railways, highways, and subways.

[0018] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 , Figure 1 is a front structural diagram of a dark excavation device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a left-side structural schematic diagram of a dark excavation device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the rear structural view of the dark excavation equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] The embodiment of the present invention provides a dark excavation equipment, which includes a traveling mechanism, an excavation mechanism and a conveying mechanism. The traveling mechanism includes a chassis 1 and a crawler device 2 symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the bottom of the chassis 1; the excavation mechanism includes an n-shaped frame 3 that can be flipped and connected to the chassis 1 and an excavation roller that is rotatably arranged on the n-shaped frame 3 and can rotate in front of the chassis 1 for excavation; the conveying mechanism includes a conveying trough 4 that can be flipped and connected to the chassis 1 and a conveying component arranged on the conveying trough 4 and used to convey materials to the rear of the chassis 1.

[0020] In the implementation scheme of the present invention, the walking mechanism is an existing crawler walking mechanism, which is an existing mature technology and is well known to technicians in this technical field, and will not be described in detail here. The present invention can easily cope with complex road conditions in various construction environments through the crawler device 2, such as in tunnel engineering construction environments such as railways, highways, and subways. Excavation is carried out by rotating the excavation roller in front of the chassis 1, and mechanical excavation is used instead of manual excavation, which can not only reduce the safety risks of personnel, but also improve work efficiency. The transmission component is transmitted backward in the transmission trough 4, which further improves the work efficiency and helps to shorten and ensure the construction period.

[0021] In a specific embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the two opposite sides of the n-shaped frame 3 are arranged on the left and right sides above the chassis 1 and extend toward the front of the chassis 1 respectively, combined with Figure 2 , Figure 3 The two opposite sides of the n-shaped frame 3 are respectively fixed with brackets 5 extending obliquely downward toward the rear of the chassis 1. The two brackets 5 are respectively rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the rear of the chassis 1. The n-shaped frame 3 can be turned relative to the chassis 1 with the straight line where the two brackets 5 are rotatably connected to the rear of the chassis 1 as the axis. Since the excavating roller rotates in front of the chassis 1 to excavate, when the excavating roller turns relative to the chassis 1 with the n-shaped frame 3, the excavating roller is raised or lowered in front of the chassis 1, thereby effectively ensuring the excavation height.

[0022] In addition, the chassis 1 is provided with a first driving member for driving the n-shaped frame 3 to flip relative to the chassis 1. The first driving member is specifically an electric hydraulic telescopic rod 6, and the number of the electric hydraulic telescopic rods 6 is two, and the two electric hydraulic telescopic rods 6 are symmetrically arranged outside the two opposite sides of the n-shaped frame 3. Further, the piston rods of the two electric hydraulic telescopic rods 6 are respectively connected to the left and right sides of the front of the chassis 1, and the cylinder sleeves of the two electric hydraulic telescopic rods 6 are respectively connected to the two opposite sides of the n-shaped frame 3. The n-shaped frame 3 is driven to flip relative to the chassis 1 through the telescopic movement of the two electric hydraulic telescopic rods 6.

[0023] When the digging roller is set, the digging roller includes a roller body 7 and digging teeth 8 arranged at intervals on the roller body 7. The roller body 7 is arranged across the n-shaped frame 3 and rotates through the opposite sides of the n-shaped frame 3, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the roller body 7 is specifically rotatably arranged at the ends on opposite sides of the n-shaped frame 3, and the ends on opposite sides of the n-shaped frame 3 extend to the front of the chassis 1, so that the excavating roller rotates in front of the chassis 1.

[0024] Combination Fig. 9 The digging teeth 8 are arranged on the surface of the roller body 7 in an inclined manner in the direction of rotation of the roller body 7, which helps the digging teeth 8 to cut the soil when the roller body 7 rotates. The digging teeth 8 are arranged at equal intervals on the roller body 7 along the circumference of the roller body 7, and three to five digging teeth 8 can be arranged along one circumference of the roller body 7. Fig. 9 FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a structure in which four digging teeth 8 are arranged along a circle of the roller body 7. Figure 1 , Figure 2 The digging teeth 8 are also arranged at intervals on the roller body 7 along the length direction of the roller body 7, thus ensuring the width of the digging working surface of the digging roller.

[0025] Preferably, a driving assembly for driving the roller body 7 to rotate is provided on the n-shaped frame 3, and the driving assembly includes a first driving motor 9 and a reduction transmission 10. Among them, the first driving motor 9 is fixedly connected to the middle connecting portion on the opposite sides of the n-shaped frame 3, and the reduction transmission 10 is fixed between the opposite sides of the n-shaped frame 3. In the specific connection setting, the output shaft of the first driving motor 9 is transmission-connected to the input end of the reduction transmission 10 through the coupling 11, and the output end of the reduction transmission 10 is transmission-connected to the roller body 7. The first driving motor 9 drives the roller body 7 to rotate forward through the reduction transmission 10, and the roller body 7 drives the excavating teeth 8 to rotate forward and cuts the soil through the excavating teeth 8 to perform excavation. The transmission connection between the first driving motor 9 and the roller body 7 through the coupling 11 and the reduction transmission 10 belongs to the existing mature technology and will not be repeated here.

[0026] When the digging teeth 8 are specifically set, Figure 4 , Figure 5 The digging tooth 8 includes a cylinder 81 and a cone 82. Among them, the diameter of the cylinder 81 gradually decreases from the middle to both ends, and a through hole penetrating both ends is provided in the center of the cylinder 81. The cone 82 gradually tapers from one end to the other end to form a pointed cone shape, and a plug-in rod is coaxially fixed to the non-pointed cone end of the cone 82, and the plug-in rod of the cone 82 is rotatably plugged into the through hole of the cylinder 81. It should be noted here that the plug-in rod of the cone 82 is plugged into the through hole of the cylinder 81, which only realizes the rotational connection between the cone 82 and the cylinder 81, and the plug-in rod of the cone 82 cannot move back relative to the cylinder 81 in the through hole of the cylinder 81.

[0027] In addition, an anti-wear washer 83 is provided between the cylinder 81 and the cone 82. The anti-wear washer 83 is rotatably mounted on the end of the cylinder 81 close to the cone 82. The anti-wear washer 83 can rotate between the cone 82 and the cylinder 81, which can prevent excessive friction between the cone 82 and the cylinder 81, thereby avoiding damage to the cone 82 or the cylinder 81. The end of the cylinder 81 away from the cone 82 is fixedly connected to the surface of the roller body 7. When the roller body 7 drives the digging teeth 8 to rotate forward, the digging teeth 8 on the roller body 7 cut the soil, and the cone 82 of the digging teeth 8 can rotate relative to the cylinder 81 of the digging teeth 8, which helps to reduce the resistance encountered by the digging teeth 8 when cutting the soil.

[0028] In the embodiment of the present invention, the conveying trough 4 is located below the n-shaped frame 3, and the two ends of the conveying trough 4 extend toward the front and rear directions of the chassis 1. Figure 7 The end of the conveying trough 4 extending toward the front of the chassis 1 is in a trumpet shape with a wide opening, and the end of the conveying trough 4 extending toward the rear of the chassis 1 is in a rectangular shape with a straight opening. Figure 1 , Figure 2The wide opening end of the conveying trough 4 extends toward the front of the chassis 1 to the bottom of the excavating roller, which is convenient for catching the soil excavated by the excavating roller. The wide opening end of the conveying trough 4 extends toward the front of the chassis 1, which is also convenient for collecting the soil excavated by the excavating roller.

[0029] Continue to refer Figure 7 Combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 The two sides of the wide opening end of the conveying trough 4 are folded and extended to the left and right sides of the chassis 1, and the folding plates 12 folded and extended from the two sides of the wide opening end of the conveying trough 4 are respectively rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the front of the chassis 1. The conveying trough 4 is turned relative to the chassis 1 with the straight line where the folding plates 12 folded and extended from the two sides of the wide opening end of the conveying trough 4 and the front of the chassis 1 are rotatably connected as the axis.

[0030] Preferably, a driving connection assembly is provided at the bottom of the conveying trough 4 for driving the conveying trough 4 to flip relative to the chassis 1. Figure 6 The driving connection assembly includes a connecting rod 13, a polished rod 14, a sleeve 15, a V-shaped connecting piece 16 and a second driving piece. The bottom of the wide opening end of the conveying trough 4 is symmetrically fixedly connected with the connecting rod 13 corresponding to the left and right sides of the chassis 1, the polished rod 14 is fixedly inserted between the crawler devices 2 on the left and right sides of the bottom of the chassis 1, and the sleeves 15 are symmetrically fixedly mounted on the polished rod 14, and the two sleeves 15 are respectively fixedly connected with the V-shaped connecting pieces 16.

[0031] The second driving member is an electric telescopic rod 17, and the ends of the two V-shaped connecting members 16 facing the same direction are respectively connected to the two connecting rods 13 for rotation, and the other ends of the two V-shaped connecting members 16 facing the same direction are respectively connected to the piston rod of an electric telescopic rod 17 for rotation, and the cylinder sleeves of the two electric telescopic rods 17 are respectively connected to the crawler devices 2 on the left and right sides of the bottom of the chassis 1 for rotation. When the piston rods of the two electric telescopic rods 17 extend their respective cylinder sleeves, the two V-shaped connecting members 16 drive the sleeve 15 to rotate forward on the light rod 14, and the two connecting rods 13 drive the wide opening end of the conveying groove 4 to tilt downward; when the piston rods of the two electric telescopic rods 17 retract their respective cylinder sleeves, the two V-shaped connecting members 16 drive the sleeve 15 to rotate in the opposite direction on the light rod 14, and the two connecting rods 13 drive the wide opening end of the conveying groove 4 to tilt upward.

[0032] When the present dark excavation equipment is moving, if it encounters an unremovable obstacle in front, by controlling the piston rods of the two electric telescopic rods 17 to retract their respective cylinder sleeves, the wide opening end of the conveying trough 4 can be tilted upward, thereby raising the wide opening end of the conveying trough 4 to avoid being blocked by the unremovable obstacle when the present dark excavation equipment is moving. Similarly, by controlling the piston rods of the two electric hydraulic telescopic rods 6 to extend their respective cylinder sleeves, the excavation rollers on the n-shaped frame 2 can be raised, thereby ensuring that the present dark excavation equipment can smoothly cross the obstacle.

[0033] In the embodiment of the present invention, the conveying assembly arranged on the conveying trough 4 includes a U-shaped frame 18, a second driving motor 19, a conveying chain 20, an elastic telescopic rod 21 and a scraper 22. Figure 6 Combined with Figure 7 The two opposite sides of the U-shaped frame 18 extend toward the rear of the chassis 1 and are fixedly connected with mounting plates 23, respectively. The bottoms of the two mounting plates 23 are fixedly connected with support rods 24, respectively. The two support rods 24 are slidably connected to the straight opening ends of the conveying trough 4 and are correspondingly rotatably connected to the extension rods 34 extending from the left and right sides of the rear of the chassis 1. The bottom surface of the straight opening end of the conveying trough 4 is provided with through holes for the two support rods 24 to pass through, and the opening width of the through holes is greater than the rod width of the support rods 24.

[0034] Continue to refer Figure 7 The second drive motor 19 is fixedly mounted on the mounting plates 23 corresponding to the left side of the chassis 1 (the left side of the chassis 1 referred to here and the front, rear, left and right of the chassis 1 mentioned in the present invention are all positions in the front view state of the dark excavation equipment), and the output shaft of the second drive motor 19 extends toward the mounting plate 23 corresponding to the right side of the chassis 1 and is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 23 corresponding to the right side of the chassis 1. A driving sprocket 25 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the second drive motor 19, and the driving sprocket 25 is centrally suspended above the straight opening end of the conveying trough 4.

[0035] Furthermore, the elastic telescopic rod 21 is centrally suspended above the conveying trough 4, and one end of the elastic telescopic rod 21 extends toward the rear of the chassis 1 and is vertically fixed to the middle connecting parts on the opposite sides of the U-shaped frame 18, and the other end of the elastic telescopic rod 21 extends toward the front of the chassis 1 and is rotatably connected to the driven sprocket 26, which is centrally suspended above the wide opening end of the conveying trough 4. Figure 8 The elastic telescopic rod 21 includes a sliding tube with an opening at one end, a sliding rod slidably plugged into the open end of the sliding tube, and a compression spring arranged in the sliding tube, which can achieve elastic expansion and contraction. The elastic telescopic rod 21 is a structural component frequently used in the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0036] Continue to refer Figure 6 , Figure 7 The conveying chain 20 passes around the driving sprocket 25 and the driven sprocket 26 in turn, and a plurality of scrapers 22 are fixedly arranged at equal intervals on the upper and lower surfaces of the conveying chain 20. The scrapers 22 are arranged perpendicular to the conveying chain 20, and the length of the scrapers 22 is adapted to the width of the conveying groove 4. The scrapers 22 on the lower surface of the conveying chain 20 are in contact with the bottom surface of the conveying groove 4.

[0037] When in use, the second drive motor 19 is controlled to drive the active sprocket 25 to rotate forward, and the active sprocket 25 drives the conveying chain 20 to convey. The scraper 22 on the conveying chain 20 moves with the conveying chain 20. During the movement of the scraper 22 with the conveying chain 20, the scraper 22 on the lower surface of the conveying chain 20 pushes the soil that falls on the wide opening end of the conveying trough 4 to the straight opening end of the conveying trough 4 and finally pushes it to the outside of the conveying trough 4, and the soil falls behind this dark excavation equipment.

[0038] When a large piece of soil is conveyed in the conveying trough 4, the scraper 22 encounters greater resistance when pushing the large piece of soil, and the elastic telescopic rod 21 can elastically contract, thereby preventing the conveying chain 20 from being over-tensioned and broken. The elastic contraction of the elastic telescopic rod 21 generates a backward force on the U-shaped frame 18 relative to the chassis 1, so that the U-shaped frame 18 can move backward relative to the chassis 1, better avoiding the side effects of the scraper 22 on the conveying chain 20 when pushing the large piece of soil.

[0039] In the implementation scheme of the present invention, when the excavating roller rotates in front of the chassis 1 to perform excavation, the excavated soil falls on the wide opening end of the conveying trough 4, and the soil excavated by the excavating roller is conveyed from the wide opening end of the conveying trough 4 to the straight opening end of the conveying trough 4 through the arranged conveying assembly. In this way, the soil excavated by the excavating roller can be transported out in time, and the excavated soil can be transported to the rear of the dark excavation equipment through the conveying mechanism, so as to facilitate timely removal, thereby avoiding interruption of the excavating roller during operation, helping to ensure construction progress and improve construction efficiency.

[0040] In another specific embodiment, the present invention also includes a protective component, and reference is made to Figure 1 , Figure 2 The protection assembly includes a guard plate 27, a rotating rod 28, a push rod 29, an adjustment rod 30 and a stabilizing rod 31. The rotating rod 28 is arranged across the n-shaped frame 3 and is rotatably connected to the tops of the two opposite sides of the n-shaped frame 3, and the two ends of the rotating rod 28 extend to the outside of the two opposite sides of the n-shaped frame 3. A plurality of guard plates 27 are fixedly arranged in the length direction of the rotating rod 28, and the plurality of guard plates 27 are arranged between the two opposite sides of the n-shaped frame 3 and outside the two opposite sides of the n-shaped frame 3. The push rod 29 is arranged in parallel at the top of the left side of the n-shaped frame 3 (i.e., the side of the n-shaped frame 3 corresponding to the left side of the chassis 1 in the front view), and the end of the push rod 29 extending toward the front of the chassis 1 is rotatably connected to the rotating rod 28.

[0041] Further, the adjusting rod 30 is arranged obliquely on the side of the n-shaped frame 3 corresponding to the left side of the chassis 1, the middle part of the adjusting rod 30 is rotatably connected to the side of the n-shaped frame 3 corresponding to the left side of the chassis 1, the adjusting rod 30 is fixed with a sliding sleeve 32 at one end tilted upward, and the end of the push rod 29 extending toward the rear of the chassis 1 slides through the sliding sleeve 32. The push rod 29 is respectively provided with springs 33 on both sides of the sliding sleeve 32, and the push rod 29 is respectively provided with limited protrusions at the positions of the ends of the two springs 33 away from each other. One end of the stabilizing rod 31 extends toward the front of the chassis 1 and is rotatably connected to the end of the adjusting rod 30 tilted downward, and the other end of the stabilizing rod 31 extends toward the rear of the chassis 1 and is rotatably connected to the bracket 5 fixedly connected to the left side of the n-shaped frame 3 corresponding to the chassis 1.

[0042] When the N-shaped frame 3 is flipped relative to the chassis 1, the push rod 29 moves relative to the N-shaped frame 3 toward the front and rear direction of the chassis 1, and the push rod 29 drives the rotating rod 28 to rotate forward or reversely. The multiple guard plates 27 rotate forward or reversely with the rotating rod 28 and form a barrier to protect the excavation roller. Specifically, the multiple guard plates 27 can block the soil raised by the excavation roller during excavation, so as to protect the operator and the dark excavation equipment.

[0043] Specifically, when the n-shaped frame 3 is turned upward relative to the chassis 1, the push rod 29 moves relative to the n-shaped frame 3 toward the rear of the chassis 1, the push rod 29 drives the rotating rod 28 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the plurality of guard plates 27 rotate in the opposite direction with the rotating rod 28; when the n-shaped frame 3 is turned downward relative to the chassis 1, the push rod 29 moves relative to the n-shaped frame 3 toward the front of the chassis 1, the push rod 29 drives the rotating rod 28 to rotate in the forward direction, and the plurality of guard plates 27 rotate in the forward direction with the rotating rod 28; Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the plurality of guard plates 27 rotate with the rotating rod 28 to block the excavating rollers all the time to form protection, thus achieving a safety protection effect.

[0044] In another specific possible implementation scheme, the dark excavation equipment further includes a remote controller, which is respectively connected to the crawler device 2, the first drive member, the first drive motor 9, the second drive member and the second drive motor 19 by signal and respectively remotely controls the crawler device 2, the first drive member, the first drive motor 9, the second drive member and the second drive motor 19 to move. It should be noted that the signal connection between the remote controller and the crawler device 2, the first drive member, the first drive motor 9, the second drive member and the second drive motor 19 and the remote control of the crawler device 2, the first drive member, the first drive motor 9, the second drive member and the second drive motor 19 by the remote controller are all existing mature technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0045] By setting a remote control to remotely control the dark excavation equipment, the operator can be kept away from complex and dangerous construction environments when performing dark excavation operations, further ensuring the safety of the workers in complex and dangerous construction environments. Furthermore, a camera can be set on the dark excavation equipment to capture image information of the working surface that needs to be excavated by the dark excavation equipment. At the same time, the remote control is connected to the camera signal, and the image information captured by the camera is displayed on the screen of the remote control, which can further enhance the remote controllability of the dark excavation equipment. It should be noted here that the connection of the remote control to the camera signal and the display of the image information captured by the camera on the screen of the remote control are both existing mature technologies and will not be repeated here.

[0046] In all of the above possible implementations, if Figure 1 As shown, an electric control box 35 is also provided on the top right side of the chassis 1, and the track device 2, the first drive member, the first drive motor 9, the second drive member and the second drive motor 19 are all electrically connected to the electric control box 35 through wires, and a power switch is provided in the electric control box 35 and is electrically connected to an external power source through the power switch. The track device 2, the first drive member, the first drive motor 9, the second drive member and the second drive motor 19 are all electrically connected to the electric control box 35 through wires, and a power switch is provided in the electric control box 35 and is electrically connected to an external power source through the power switch, which are all existing mature technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0047] It is not difficult to find from the above description that this dark excavation equipment can be remotely controlled, which can reduce the labor intensity and safety risk factor of operators, can safely and effectively improve work efficiency, and help shorten and ensure the construction period.

[0048] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dark excavation device, comprising: A walking mechanism, comprising a chassis and crawler devices symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the bottom of the chassis; An excavation mechanism, comprising an N-shaped frame which is flippably connected to the chassis and an excavation roller which is rotatably arranged on the N-shaped frame and can rotate in front of the chassis for excavation; A conveying mechanism, comprising a conveying trough that is flippably connected to the chassis and a conveying assembly that is arranged on the conveying trough and is used to convey materials to the rear of the chassis; Features: The two opposite sides of the n-shaped frame are respectively arranged on the left and right sides above the chassis and extend toward the front of the chassis respectively; The two opposite sides of the n-shaped frame are respectively fixedly connected with brackets extending obliquely downward toward the rear of the chassis, and the two brackets are respectively rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the rear of the chassis; The n-shaped frame flips relative to the chassis with the straight line where the two brackets are rotatably connected with the rear part of the chassis as the axis, and a first driving member for driving the n-shaped frame to flip relative to the chassis is arranged on the chassis.

2. The dark excavation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first driving member is an electric hydraulic telescopic rod, the number of the electric hydraulic telescopic rod is two, and the two electric hydraulic telescopic rods are symmetrically arranged outside the two opposite sides of the n-shaped frame; The piston rods of the two electric hydraulic telescopic rods are respectively rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the front part of the chassis, and the cylinder sleeves of the two electric hydraulic telescopic rods are respectively rotatably connected to the opposite sides of the n-shaped frame.

3. The dark excavation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The digging roller comprises a roller body and digging teeth arranged on the roller body at intervals; wherein, The roller body is arranged across the n-shaped frame and rotates to pass through the opposite sides of the n-shaped frame, and the digging teeth are arranged on the surface of the roller body in an inclined manner toward the direction of rotation of the roller body.

4. The dark excavation equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The n-shaped frame is provided with a driving assembly for driving the roller body to rotate, and the driving assembly includes a first driving motor and a reduction transmission; wherein, The first driving motor is fixedly connected through the middle connecting portion of the two opposite sides of the n-shaped frame, and the reduction transmission is fixed between the two opposite sides of the n-shaped frame; The output shaft of the first driving motor is drivingly connected to the input end of the reduction transmission through a coupling, and the output end of the reduction transmission is drivingly connected to the roller body.

5. The dark excavation equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The digging teeth include a cylinder and a cone; The diameter of the cylinder gradually decreases from the middle to the two ends, and a through hole penetrating the two ends is provided in the center of the cylinder; the cone gradually tapers from one end to the other end to form a pointed cone, and a plug-in rod is coaxially fixedly connected to the non-pointed cone end of the cone, and the plug-in rod is rotatably plugged into the through hole of the cylinder; An anti-wear gasket is also arranged between the cylinder and the cone. The anti-wear gasket is rotatably sleeved outside one end of the cylinder close to the cone, and one end of the cylinder away from the cone is fixedly connected to the surface of the roller body.

6. The dark excavation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying trough is located below the n-shaped frame, and the two ends of the conveying trough extend toward the front and rear directions of the chassis respectively. The end of the conveying trough extending toward the front of the chassis is trumpet-shaped and is a wide-mouthed opening end, and the end of the conveying trough extending toward the rear of the chassis is rectangular and is a straight-mouthed opening end; Both sides of the wide opening end of the conveying trough are folded and extended to the left and right sides of the chassis respectively, and the folding plates folded and extended from the two sides of the wide opening end of the conveying trough are rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the front part of the chassis respectively; The conveying trough flips relative to the chassis with the straight line where the folding plates folded and extended from both sides of the wide opening end of the conveying trough and the front part of the chassis being the axis, and a driving connection component for driving the conveying trough to flip relative to the chassis is provided at the bottom of the conveying trough.

7. The dark excavation equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The drive connection assembly includes a connecting rod, a polished rod, a sleeve, a V-shaped connecting member and a second driving member; The bottom of the wide opening end of the conveying trough is symmetrically fixedly connected with the connecting rod corresponding to the left and right sides of the chassis, the polished rod is fixedly inserted between the crawler devices on the left and right sides of the bottom of the chassis, and the sleeve is symmetrically fixedly mounted on the polished rod, and the two sleeves are respectively fixedly connected with the V-shaped connecting pieces; The second driving member is an electric telescopic rod, and the ends of the two V-shaped connecting members facing the same direction are respectively rotatably connected to the two connecting rods, and the other ends of the two V-shaped connecting members facing the same direction are respectively rotatably connected to the piston rod of one of the electric telescopic rods, and the cylinder sleeves of the two electric telescopic rods are respectively rotatably connected to the crawler devices on the left and right sides of the bottom of the chassis.

8. The dark excavation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying assembly includes a U-shaped frame, a second driving motor, a conveying chain, an elastic telescopic rod and a scraper; The two opposite sides of the U-shaped frame extend toward the rear of the chassis and are respectively fixedly connected with mounting plates, the bottoms of the two mounting plates are respectively fixedly connected with support rods, the two support rods are respectively slidably connected to the straight opening ends of the conveying trough and are respectively rotatably connected to the extension rods extending from the left and right sides of the rear of the chassis; The second drive motor is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate on the left side of the chassis corresponding to the two mounting plates, the output shaft of the second drive motor extends toward the mounting plate on the right side of the chassis and is rotatably connected to the mounting plate on the right side of the chassis, a driving sprocket is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the second drive motor, and the driving sprocket is centrally suspended above the straight opening end of the conveying trough; The elastic telescopic rod is centrally suspended above the conveying trough, and one end of the elastic telescopic rod extends toward the rear of the chassis and is vertically fixedly connected to the middle connecting parts on the opposite sides of the U-shaped frame, and the other end of the elastic telescopic rod extends toward the front of the chassis and is rotatably connected to a driven sprocket, and the driven sprocket is centrally suspended above the wide opening end of the conveying trough; The conveying chain passes around the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket in sequence, and a plurality of scrapers are fixedly arranged at equal intervals on the upper and lower surfaces of the conveying chain. The scrapers are arranged perpendicular to the conveying chain, and the length of the scrapers is adapted to the inner width of the conveying trough, and the scrapers on the lower surface of the conveying chain are in contact with the inner bottom surface of the conveying trough.

9. The dark excavation equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: It also includes a protection assembly, which includes a guard plate, a rotating rod, a push rod, an adjustment rod and a stabilizing rod; wherein, The rotating rod is arranged across the n-shaped frame and is rotatably connected to the tops of the two opposite sides of the n-shaped frame, a plurality of guard plates are fixedly arranged in the length direction of the rotating rod, the push rod is arranged in parallel to the top of the left side of the n-shaped frame, and one end of the push rod extending toward the front of the chassis is rotatably connected to the rotating rod; The adjusting rod is tiltedly arranged on the side of the n-shaped frame corresponding to the left side of the chassis, the middle part of the adjusting rod is rotatably connected to the side of the n-shaped frame corresponding to the left side of the chassis, a sliding sleeve is fixed to the upward tilted end of the adjusting rod, and the end of the push rod extending toward the rear of the chassis slides through the sliding sleeve; The push rod is respectively provided with springs on both sides of the sliding sleeve, and limiting protrusions are respectively provided on the push rod at positions at the ends of the two springs that are away from each other; one end of the stabilizing rod extends toward the front of the chassis and is rotatably connected to the end of the adjusting rod that is inclined downward, and the other end of the stabilizing rod extends toward the rear of the chassis and is rotatably connected to a bracket fixed to the left side of the chassis corresponding to the n-shaped frame.

10. A method for protecting dark excavation equipment, comprising applying the method to the dark excavation equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the n-shaped frame flips over relative to the chassis, the push rod moves relative to the n-shaped frame toward the front and rear direction of the chassis, and the push rod drives the rotating rod to rotate forward or reversely. The plurality of guard plates rotate forward or reversely with the rotating rod and form a barrier to protect the excavating roller.

11. A ballastless track subgrade filling dark excavation equipment, characterized by: Including the dark excavation equipment described in any one of claims 1-9.

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