Constant-resistance yielding anchor rod device capable of preventing anchoring failure and using method of constant-resistance yielding anchor rod device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of underground engineering supporting, and particularly discloses a constant-resistance yielding anchor rod device capable of preventing anchoring failure and a using method thereof.The constant-resistance yielding anchor rod device comprises an anchor rod, a piston cylinder, a mechanical anchoring assembly, an anchoring base, a tray and a grouting piece, and an end is arranged on the outer side wall of the end, stretching into an anchor hole, of the anchor rod; the piston cylinder can slide on the anchor rod, the end and the piston cylinder form a piston yielding structure, the mechanical anchoring assembly comprises a plurality of metal teeth and an anchoring base, the metal teeth are arranged on the outer side wall of the piston cylinder, the anchoring base is arranged in the middle section of the anchor rod in a sleeving mode, located in an anchor hole and used for limiting the piston cylinder, and a grouting groove is formed in the outer side wall of the anchoring base. The tray comprises a first tray body, a second tray body and a first elastic piece, and the grouting piece is connected with the grouting groove. Constant supporting force can be provided, large elongation deformation can be generated to meet the requirement for large deformation of surrounding rock, meanwhile, anchoring failure can be prevented, and the high anchoring effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of underground engineering support, and in particular relates to a constant resistance and pressure-yielding anchor rod device for preventing anchor failure and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, as the intensity of coal mining has gradually increased, most coal mines have entered the deep mining stage. With the increase in mining depth, the engineering geological conditions faced are more complex. Deep underground, soft rock is affected by the internal stress of the formation and shows a high tendency to deformation and destruction. Therefore, effective support measures are needed to ensure the safety of the project. Among them, anchor support can significantly improve the bearing capacity of the surrounding rock of the tunnel and improve its stability. It is suitable for different types of soft rock formations and can meet the support needs of different soft rock formations.

[0003] In order to cope with complex geology in deep areas, anchor rods are required to not only provide constant support force, but also produce large elongation deformation to meet the requirements of large deformation of surrounding rock. However, due to its high rigidity and poor yield deformation performance, ordinary anchor rods are difficult to adapt to the support requirements of high ground stress or large surrounding rock deformation in deep mining environments. What's more, the strength of deep soft rock formations is low, which is easy to deform and slide, and will cause a large load on anchor rods in high stress environments. Therefore, traditional anchoring methods will also have the problem of insufficient anchoring strength; and the plasticity and creep characteristics of soft rocks make it difficult for anchoring materials to maintain long-term stable bonding, which leads to bond fracture and loosening between anchor rods and rock mass. Anchor failure of anchor rods often leads to the overall collapse and failure of support structures from point to surface, which brings difficulties to the stability control of geotechnical and underground engineering and creates safety hazards. In addition, there are currently no more effective measures to deal with the anchor failure caused by the spalling of rock formations, which causes the anchor tray to be suspended in the air.

[0004] Based on the above problems, it is urgent to develop an anchor device that can provide a constant support force to effectively control the deformation of the surrounding rock, and avoid anchor failure caused by rock stratum shedding, insufficient end anchor strength, and loosening of the anchor. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a constant resistance and pressure-yielding anchor device for preventing anchor failure and a method of using the same, which can provide a constant support force and can produce a large elongation deformation to meet the requirements of large deformation of the surrounding rock, while preventing anchor failure and having a strong anchoring effect.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a constant resistance pressure-yielding anchor device for preventing anchor failure, comprising:

[0007] The anchor rod is a hollow structure and is used to be inserted into the anchor hole. A terminal is provided on the outer side wall of the end of the anchor rod that extends into the anchor hole.

[0008] The piston cylinder is movably sleeved at one end of the anchor rod provided with a tip, a sliding cavity is provided inside the piston cylinder, the tip is located in the sliding cavity and contacts the inner wall of the sliding cavity, the piston cylinder can slide on the anchor rod, and the tip and the piston cylinder form a piston pressure-releasing structure; a grouting nozzle is provided at one end of the piston cylinder away from the anchor rod, and the anchor rod is connected to the grouting nozzle through a telescopic hose;

[0009] A mechanical anchoring assembly includes a plurality of metal teeth, each of which is disposed on an outer side wall of the piston cylinder;

[0010] The anchor base is sleeved on the middle section of the anchor rod and located in the anchor hole, and is used to limit the piston cylinder. A grouting groove is arranged on the outer wall of the anchor base;

[0011] The tray comprises: a first tray body, which is a bowl-shaped structure, is sleeved on the anchor rod and is located outside the anchor hole; a second tray body, which is sleeved on the anchor rod and is located between the first tray body and the anchor hole, and a side close to the first tray body is connected to the first tray body through a first elastic member, and a side away from the first tray body is in contact with the rock wall outside the anchor hole;

[0012] The grouting piece passes through the first plate body and the second plate body and is arranged on the anchoring base. The grouting piece is connected to the grouting groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the piston cylinder comprises:

[0014] A sleeve, which is movably mounted on one end of the anchor rod where the end head is arranged;

[0015] The sealing seat is arranged on the end of the sleeve away from the anchor rod and is used to seal the inside of the sleeve; the grouting nozzle is arranged on the sealing seat.

[0016] Furthermore, the outer wall of the end head and the inner wall of the sleeve are provided with concave-convex patterns. When the sleeve slides on the anchor rod, the end head and the sleeve move relative to each other, and the concave-convex patterns are used to squeeze each other to generate resistance to prevent relative movement.

[0017] Furthermore, a slurry stopper is provided on the outer wall of one end of the sleeve close to the anchor base.

[0018] Furthermore, the mechanical anchoring assembly also includes a support member, which corresponds to the metal tooth in a one-to-one manner to form a sub-anchor member. One end of the metal tooth is hinged on the outer wall of the piston cylinder. The support member is arranged on the outer wall of the piston cylinder and connected to the metal tooth to support the opening and closing of the other end of the metal tooth.

[0019] Furthermore, a mounting groove is provided on the outer side wall of the piston cylinder;

[0020] One end of the metal tooth is hinged to one end in the mounting groove, and the support member comprises:

[0021] A slider, slidably arranged in the mounting groove;

[0022] A push-pull rod, one end of which is hinged on the slider and the other end of which is hinged on the metal tooth;

[0023] The second elastic member is arranged in the installation groove and is located at an end away from the metal teeth. One end of the second elastic member is connected to the installation groove, and the other end is connected to the sliding block.

[0024] Furthermore, the anchoring base is a columnar structure, and the diameter and radius of the column of the anchoring base correspond to the aperture of the anchor hole;

[0025] The grouting groove is circumferentially arranged in the middle section of the outer wall of the anchoring base along the axis of the anchoring base. The grouting groove and the side wall of the anchor hole constitute a grouting closed area. The grouting piece is used for grouting into the grouting closed area.

[0026] Furthermore, the tray further comprises a mounting member, the first tray body is provided with a through hole for the anchor rod to pass through, a thread is provided on the outer wall of the anchor rod exposed outside the anchor hole, the mounting member is threadedly provided on the anchor rod and contacts with a side of the first tray body away from the second tray body, and the thread progress of the mounting member on the anchor rod is adjusted to push the first tray body to move in the direction of the second tray body, so that the first elastic member is in a compressed state.

[0027] Furthermore, the method for using the constant resistance pressure-yielding anchor device comprises the following steps:

[0028] Push the insert consisting of the piston cylinder, the anchor base and the anchor rod into the anchor hole;

[0029] Then, a second plate and a first plate are sequentially placed on the anchor rod exposed outside the anchor hole, and a first elastic member is installed between the second plate and the first plate, so that the first elastic member is in a compressed state, so that the second plate is closely attached to the side rock wall at the anchor hole;

[0030] The hollow structure of the anchor rod is used in conjunction with a grouting nozzle to inject grout into the anchor holes on the periphery of the piston cylinder, and the grouting piece is used to inject grout into the anchor holes on the periphery of the grouting groove.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] The present invention provides a constant supporting force and can produce a large elongation deformation to meet the requirements of large deformation of the surrounding rock. It also has the advantages that when the rock layer peels off, the tray still adheres to the rock layer to prevent anchor failure, and adopts segmented anchoring, grouting anchoring and mechanical anchoring in combination to enhance the anchoring effect.

[0033] In the present invention, when the surrounding rock undergoes large deformation, the anchor rod cooperates with the piston cylinder to achieve elongation deformation to resist the deformation and damage of the rock mass, so as to achieve the pressure relief effect. The anchor base can not only limit the piston cylinder, but also perform grouting at this location through the grouting groove, and form a segmented grouting anchoring with the grouting outside the piston cylinder, and further cooperate with the mechanical anchoring assembly to achieve a combination of grouting anchoring and mechanical anchoring to enhance the anchoring effect and avoid anchoring failure.

[0034] The present invention makes up for the shortcomings of the existing pressure anchor rods that the rock layer cannot fall off, the end anchor strength is insufficient, and the anchoring agent loosens, which leads to anchor failure. Based on the structure of the tray, when the surrounding rock is damaged and the surface rock layer falls off, the tray can still be kept close to the rock surface to avoid the anchor rod tray hanging in the air and causing anchor failure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the mechanical anchoring assembly of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the mechanical anchoring assembly of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section structure of the sleeve of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sleeve sealing seat of the present invention.

[0041] Among them, 1-anchor rod, 10-end, 2-piston cylinder, 20-sliding cavity, 200-grouting nozzle, 201-installing groove, 21-sleeve, 210-grouting plug, 22-sealing seat, 3-mechanical anchoring assembly, 30-metal teeth, 31-support, 311-slider, 312-push-pull rod, 313-second elastic part, 4-anchor base, 40-grouting groove, 5-tray, 51-first disk body, 52-second disk body, 53-first elastic part, 54-installing part, 6-grouting part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following is combined with Figure 1 To the attached Figure 6, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0043] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features; in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0044] Example

[0045] like Figure 1 The constant resistance and pressure-yielding anchor rod device for preventing anchor failure shown in the figure comprises an anchor rod 1, a piston cylinder 2, a mechanical anchor assembly 3, an anchor base 4, a tray 5 and a grouting member 6.

[0046] The anchor rod 1 is a hollow structure and is used to be inserted into an anchor hole. An end 10 is provided on the outer side wall of one end of the anchor rod extending into the anchor hole.

[0047] The piston cylinder 2 is movably sleeved on one end of the anchor rod 1 where the end head 10 is provided. A sliding cavity 20 is provided inside the piston cylinder 2. The end head 10 is located in the sliding cavity 20 and contacts the inner wall of the sliding cavity 20. The piston cylinder 2 can slide on the anchor rod 1. The end head 10 and the piston cylinder 2 constitute a piston pressure-releasing structure. A grouting nozzle 200 is provided at the end of the piston cylinder 2 away from the anchor rod 1, and the anchor rod 1 is connected to the grouting nozzle 200 through a telescopic hose.

[0048] The mechanical anchoring assembly 3 includes a plurality of metal teeth 30 , and the metal teeth 30 are all arranged on the outer side wall of the piston cylinder 2 .

[0049] The anchor base 4 is sleeved on the middle section of the anchor rod 1 and is located in the anchor hole, and is used to limit the piston cylinder 2. A grouting groove 40 is provided on the outer wall of the anchor base 4. Figure 1 As shown, the grouting groove 40 of the anchor base 4 and the anchor hole wall form a closed area for grouting reinforcement.

[0050] The tray 5 includes a first tray body 51, a second tray body 52, a second tray body 52 and a first elastic member 53. The first tray body 51 is a bowl-shaped structure, which is sleeved on the anchor rod 1 and is located outside the anchor hole; the second tray body 52 is sleeved on the anchor rod 1, and is located between the first tray body 51 and the anchor hole. The side close to the first tray body 51 is connected to the first tray body 51 through the first elastic member 53, and the side away from the first tray body 51 is in contact with the rock wall outside the anchor hole. In actual implementation, the first elastic member 53 is adjusted to a compressed state. When the surrounding rock is damaged and the surface rock layer falls off, the second tray body 52 can still be ensured to be close to the rock surface, so as to avoid the problem of the tray 5 being suspended in the air and causing the anchoring failure. The first elastic member 53 of this embodiment adopts a commercially available spring.

[0051] The grouting member 6 passes through the first plate 51 and the second plate 52 and is disposed on the anchor base 4 . The grouting member 6 is connected to the grouting groove 40 . In this embodiment, the grouting member 6 is a grouting pipe.

[0052] Preferably, Figure 2 As shown, the piston cylinder 2 includes a sleeve 21 and a sealing seat 22. The sleeve 21 is movably mounted on the end of the anchor rod 1 provided with the end head 10. The sealing seat 22 is arranged on the end of the sleeve 21 away from the anchor rod 1, and is used to seal the inside of the sleeve 21; the grouting nozzle 200 is arranged on the sealing seat 22. It should be noted that: Figure 5 As shown, the longitudinal section of the sliding cavity 20 is a square structure, and the end 10 is a rectangular column structure. Figure 6 As shown, the sealing seat 22 is provided with a columnar base corresponding to the structure of the sliding cavity 20 .

[0053] Preferably, Figure 2 As shown, the outer wall of the end head 10 and the inner wall of the sleeve 21 are both provided with concavo-convex patterns. When the sleeve 21 slides on the anchor rod 1, the end head 10 and the sleeve 21 move relative to each other, and the concavo-convex patterns are used to squeeze each other to generate resistance to prevent relative movement. This can prevent the sleeve 21 from sliding on the anchor rod 1 due to friction damage caused by low strength when the surrounding rock deforms and causes the sleeve 21 to slide on the anchor rod 1. The concavo-convex patterns of the end head 10 match the concavo-convex patterns of the sleeve 21. When moving relative to each other, the resistance generated by the mutual squeezing of the concavo-convex structures of the two is smaller than the breaking load of the anchor rod 1.

[0054] Preferably, Figure 2 As shown, a grout stopper 210 is provided on the outer side wall of one end of the sleeve 21 close to the anchor base 4 .

[0055] Preferably, Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the mechanical anchoring assembly 3 also includes a support member 31, which corresponds to the metal tooth 30 to form a sub-anchor. One end of the metal tooth 30 is hinged on the outer wall of the piston cylinder 2. The support member 31 is arranged on the outer wall of the piston cylinder 2 and is connected to the metal tooth 30, and is used to support the opening and closing of the other end of the metal tooth 30.

[0056] Preferably, Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, a mounting groove 201 is provided on the outer wall of the sleeve 21, and one end of the metal tooth 30 is hinged to one end in the mounting groove 201. The support member 31 includes a slider 311, a push-pull rod 312, and a second elastic member 313. The slider 311 is slidably disposed in the mounting groove 201, one end of the push-pull rod 312 is hinged to the slider 311, and the other end is hinged to the metal tooth 30. The second elastic member 313 is disposed in the mounting groove 201 and is located at one end away from the metal tooth 30. One end of the second elastic member 313 is connected to the mounting groove 201, and the other end is connected to the slider 311.

[0057] Preferably, the anchor base 4 is a columnar structure, the diameter of the column radius of the anchor base 4 corresponds to the aperture of the anchor hole, the grouting groove 40 is circumferentially arranged in the middle section of the outer wall of the anchor base 4 along the axis of the anchor base 4, the grouting groove 40 and the side wall of the anchor hole constitute a grouting closed area, and the grouting member 6 is used for grouting into the grouting closed area.

[0058] Preferably, the tray 5 also includes a mounting member 54, a through hole for the anchor rod 1 to pass through is provided on the first tray body 51, a thread is provided on the outer wall of the anchor rod 1 exposed outside the anchor hole, the mounting member 54 is threadedly provided on the anchor rod 1 and contacts with a side of the first tray body 51 away from the second tray body 52, and the thread progression of the mounting member 54 on the anchor rod 1 is adjusted to push the first tray body 51 to move toward the second tray body 52, causing the first elastic member 53 to be in a compressed state.

[0059] The method for using the constant resistance pressure-yielding anchor device proposed in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0060] Drill an anchor hole at a pre-marked position in the surrounding rock, and push the insert composed of the piston cylinder 2, the anchor base 4, and the anchor rod 1 into the anchor hole. When the piston cylinder 2, the anchor base 4, and the anchor rod 1 are pushed into the anchor hole, the end of the metal teeth 30 on the outer wall of the sleeve 21 is pressed by the wall of the anchor hole, thereby suppressing the contraction of the second elastic member 313, so that the sleeve 21 is smoothly pushed into the deep of the anchor hole. When the piston cylinder 2 generates a pulling force toward the outside of the anchor hole, the metal teeth 30 are expanded by the pressure of the second elastic member 313 and penetrate into the surrounding rock, generating resistance;

[0061] Then, the second plate 52 and the first plate 51 are placed in sequence on the anchor rod 1 exposed outside the anchor hole, and then the first elastic member 53 is installed between the second plate 52 and the first plate 51, and the mounting member 54 is installed on the anchor rod 1. By continuously adjusting the tightening degree of the mounting member 54, the first plate 51 is prompted to continuously move toward the second plate 52 until the second plate 52 is close to the surrounding rock side wall around the anchor hole, and the first elastic member 53 is in a compressed state.

[0062] The sleeve 21 is fixed to the surrounding rock through the metal teeth 30 and anchoring agent on the mechanical anchoring assembly 3 that penetrate into the rock mass, thereby realizing the combination of mechanical anchoring and grouting anchoring and enhancing the anchoring effect; grouting is injected into the grouting nozzle 200 through the hollow rod body, thereby filling the isolation area formed from the bottom of the anchor hole to the grouting plug 210, and then grouting is injected into the anchor holes outside the grouting groove through the grouting part 6, thereby realizing the segmented anchoring of the constant resistance and pressure anchor device.

[0063] When the surrounding rock is damaged and the anchor at the sleeve 21 is detached from the surrounding rock, the anchor base 4 fixed to the sleeve 21 by the anchor restricts the movement of the sleeve 21 so that the anchor rod can still function; when the surrounding rock undergoes a large deformation, the tray 5 is impacted and the anchor rod 1 is pulled so that the enlarged end 10 frictionally slides along the anti-slip grooves on the inner wall of the sleeve 21. During the sliding process, the outer wall of the end 10 and the concave and convex grooves on the inner wall of the sleeve 21 squeeze each other to provide constant resistance for the anchor rod 1; at the same time, during the sliding process, the relative length of the structure between the anchor rod 1 and the sleeve 21 increases to resist the deformation and damage of the rock mass and achieve a pressure-releasing effect; when the end 10 slides to the tail of the sleeve 21, the constant resistance deformation pressure-releasing process is completed.

[0064] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A constant resistance pressure-yielding anchor device for preventing anchor failure, characterized in that: include: The anchor rod (1) is a hollow structure and is used to be inserted into the anchor hole. An end (10) is provided on the outer side wall of one end of the anchor rod extending into the anchor hole. A piston cylinder (2) is movably sleeved on one end of the anchor rod (1) provided with an end head (10); a sliding cavity (20) is provided inside the piston cylinder (2); the end head (10) is located in the sliding cavity (20) and contacts the inner wall of the sliding cavity (20); the piston cylinder (2) can slide on the anchor rod (1); the end head (10) and the piston cylinder (2) form a piston pressure-releasing structure; a grouting nozzle (200) is provided at one end of the piston cylinder (2) away from the anchor rod (1); the anchor rod (1) is connected to the grouting nozzle (200) via a telescopic hose; A mechanical anchoring assembly (3) comprising a plurality of metal teeth (30), wherein the metal teeth (30) are all arranged on the outer side wall of the piston cylinder (2); An anchor base (4) is sleeved on the middle section of the anchor rod (1) and is used to limit the position of the piston cylinder (2). A grouting groove (40) is provided on the outer wall of the anchor base (4); The tray (5) comprises: a first tray body (51) which is sleeved on the anchor rod (1) and is located outside the anchor hole; The second plate (52) is sleeved on the anchor rod (1) and is located between the first plate (51) and the anchor hole, with a side close to the first plate (51) connected to the first plate (51) via a first elastic member (53), and a side away from the first plate (51) in contact with the rock wall outside the anchor hole; The grouting member (6) passes through the first plate body (51) and the second plate body (52) and is arranged on the anchoring base (4). The grouting member (6) is connected to the grouting groove (40).

2. A constant resistance pressure-releasing anchor device for preventing anchor failure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The piston cylinder (2) comprises: A sleeve (21) is movably sleeved on one end of the anchor rod (1) provided with the end head (10); The sealing seat (22) is arranged on an end of the sleeve (21) away from the anchor rod (1) and is used to seal the interior of the sleeve (21); the grouting nozzle (200) is arranged on the sealing seat (22).

3. A constant resistance pressure-releasing anchor device for preventing anchor failure as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the end head (10) and the inner wall of the sleeve (21) are both provided with concave-convex patterns. When the sleeve (21) slides on the anchor rod (1), the end head (10) and the sleeve (21) move relative to each other, and the concave-convex patterns are used to squeeze each other to generate resistance to prevent relative movement.

4. A constant resistance pressure-releasing anchor device for preventing anchor failure as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: A grout stopper (210) is provided on the outer side wall of one end of the sleeve (21) close to the anchor base (4).

5. A constant resistance pressure-releasing anchor device for preventing anchor failure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The mechanical anchoring assembly (3) further comprises a plurality of support members (31), wherein the support members (31) correspond to the metal teeth (30) in a one-to-one manner to form sub-anchor members, wherein one end of the metal teeth (30) is hinged on the outer wall of the piston cylinder (2), and the support member (31) is arranged on the outer wall of the piston cylinder (2) and connected to the metal teeth (30), and is used to support the opening and closing of the other end of the metal teeth (30).

6. A constant resistance pressure-releasing anchor device for preventing anchor failure as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The outer side wall of the piston cylinder (2) is provided with a mounting groove (201); One end of the metal tooth (30) is hinged to one end in the mounting groove (201), and the support member (31) comprises: A slider (311) is slidably disposed in the mounting groove (201); A push-pull rod (312), one end of which is hinged on the slider (311), and the other end of which is hinged on the metal tooth (30); The second elastic member (313) is arranged in the installation groove (201) and is located at an end away from the metal tooth (30); one end of the second elastic member (313) is connected to the installation groove (201), and the other end is connected to the sliding block (311).

7. A constant resistance pressure-releasing anchor device for preventing anchor failure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The anchoring base (4) is a columnar structure, and the diameter and radius of the column of the anchoring base (4) correspond to the aperture of the anchor hole; The grouting groove (40) is circumferentially arranged in the middle section of the outer wall of the anchoring base (4) along the axis of the anchoring base (4); the grouting groove (40) and the side wall of the anchor hole form a grouting closed area; the grouting member (6) is used for grouting into the grouting closed area.

8. A constant resistance pressure-releasing anchor device for preventing anchor failure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The tray (5) further comprises a mounting member (54); a through hole for the anchor rod (1) to pass through is provided on the first tray body (51); a thread is provided on a portion of the outer wall of the anchor rod (1) exposed outside the anchor hole; the mounting member (54) is threadedly provided on the anchor rod (1) and is in contact with a side of the first tray body (51) away from the second tray body (52); the threaded extension of the mounting member (54) on the anchor rod (1) is adjusted to push the first tray body (51) to move in the direction of the second tray body (52), thereby causing the first elastic member (53) to be in a compressed state.

9. The method for using the constant resistance pressure-releasing anchor device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Pushing an insert consisting of a piston cylinder (2), an anchor base (4) and an anchor rod (1) into the anchor hole; Then, a second plate (52) and a first plate (51) are sequentially placed on the anchor rod (1) exposed outside the anchor hole, and a first elastic member (53) is installed between the second plate (52) and the first plate (51), so that the first elastic member (53) is in a compressed state, so that the second plate (52) is closely attached to the side rock wall of the anchor hole; The hollow structure of the anchor rod (1) is used in conjunction with a grouting nozzle (200) to inject grout into the anchor holes on the periphery of the piston cylinder (2), and the grouting piece (6) is used to inject grout into the anchor holes on the periphery of the grouting groove (40).

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