Combustible solid waste incinerator and incineration system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of incinerators, and discloses a combustible solid waste incinerator and incineration system.The combustible solid waste incinerator comprises a furnace body, the furnace body is provided with a containing cavity, a first feeding port and a first discharging port, and the first feeding port and the first discharging port communicate with the containing cavity; the pyrolysis gasification bin is arranged in the containing cavity, the pyrolysis gasification bin is provided with a reaction cavity, the pyrolysis gasification bin is provided with a second feeding port and a second discharging port, the second feeding port and the second discharging port are both communicated with the reaction cavity, and the second feeding port is communicated with the first feeding port; the combustion part is arranged in the containing cavity, the reaction cavity is provided with a first exhaust port, the combustion part is provided with a first combustible gas inlet and an air inlet, and the first exhaust port is communicated with the first combustible gas inlet; a gas passing channel is formed among the heat exchange assembly, the containing cavity and the pyrolysis gasification bin, the heat exchange assembly is arranged on the pyrolysis gasification bin, the heat exchange assembly is provided with a heat conduction end and a heat dissipation end, the heat dissipation end is located in the reaction cavity, and the heat conduction end is located in the gas passing channel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of incinerators, and in particular to a combustible solid waste incinerator and an incineration system. Background Art

[0002] Pyrolysis gasification technology is a key technology with low energy consumption and low pollution, which can efficiently realize the resource and energy utilization of waste. With the rapid development of my country's economy and the continuous improvement of the quality of life, the annual output of urban domestic garbage, industrial solid waste and agricultural and forestry waste has increased year by year. These combustible solid wastes are regarded as a "potential resource" with important utilization value. Through pyrolysis gasification technology, these solid wastes can be converted into biomass combustible gas, and harmful elements can be fixed in the solid residue.

[0003] However, in the prior art, due to the complexity of material composition and the influence of key parameters in the pyrolysis and gasification process, the pyrolysis and gasification process requires a relatively high temperature to ensure a stable reaction. However, it takes a lot of energy to maintain a high temperature in the pyrolysis and gasification bin, and a large amount of energy input is also required to maintain the stable combustion of the incinerator. This not only leads to high energy consumption, but also increases operating costs and low system efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a combustible solid waste incinerator and incineration system, which can maintain efficient and continuous pyrolysis gasification reaction and incineration through relatively small energy input, improve the gasification efficiency and combustion performance of the system, and realize continuous and stable operation and self-sustaining combustion of the device.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A first aspect of the present invention provides a combustible solid waste incinerator, comprising:

[0007] A furnace body, wherein the interior of the furnace body has a cavity, and the upper and lower ends of the furnace body respectively have a first feed inlet and a first discharge port, and the first feed inlet and the first discharge port are connected to the cavity;

[0008] A pyrolysis gasification bin, wherein the pyrolysis gasification bin is arranged in the containing cavity, the interior of the pyrolysis gasification bin has a reaction cavity, the upper and lower ends of the pyrolysis gasification bin respectively have a second feed inlet and a second discharge port, the second feed inlet and the second discharge port are both connected to the reaction cavity, and the second feed inlet is connected to the first feed inlet;

[0009] A combustion part, the combustion part is arranged in the cavity and is arranged below the second discharge port at an interval, the upper part of the reaction chamber has a first exhaust port, the combustion part has a first combustible gas inlet and an air inlet, the first exhaust port is connected to the first combustible gas inlet, and the first exhaust port is used to discharge the combustible gas generated after the pyrolysis and gasification of the combustible solid waste;

[0010] A heat exchange component, wherein an air passage is provided between the inner wall of the cavity and the outer wall of the pyrolysis gasification bin, the heat exchange component is arranged on the pyrolysis gasification bin, the heat exchange component has a heat conducting end and a heat dissipating end, the heat dissipating end is located in the reaction chamber, the heat conducting end is located in the air passage, the air passage has a second exhaust port, and the second exhaust port is used to discharge the waste gas after the incineration of combustible solid waste.

[0011] Furthermore, the combustible solid waste incinerator also includes a first separating valve and a second separating valve, and the first separating valve and the second separating valve are arranged at a second discharge port of the pyrolysis gasification bin at intervals in the up and down directions.

[0012] Furthermore, the first feed port and the second feed port are connected with a feed channel, and the feed channel extends downward to the middle and upper part of the reaction chamber.

[0013] Furthermore, the outer wall of the furnace body is covered with a cooling layer, the cooling layer has a cooling cavity inside, the cooling layer has a water inlet and a water outlet, the water inlet and the water outlet are both connected to the cooling layer, and the water inlet is located below the water outlet.

[0014] A second aspect of the present invention provides an incineration system, comprising the combustible solid waste incinerator, and further comprising:

[0015] A tar cracking component, the tar cracking component includes a main body and a catalytic cracking chamber, the main body has a heating chamber inside, the heating chamber has a first air inlet and a first air outlet, the first air inlet is connected to the second exhaust port, the catalytic cracking chamber is arranged in the heating chamber, the catalytic cracking chamber is not connected to the heating chamber, the catalytic cracking chamber has a second air inlet and a second air outlet, the second air inlet is connected to the first exhaust port, and the second air outlet is connected to the first combustible gas inlet of the combustion part.

[0016] Furthermore, the catalytic cracking chamber has a first end and a second end, the second air inlet is located at the first end, the second air outlet is located at the second end, and a plurality of mesh boxes are arranged at intervals in the catalytic cracking chamber along the direction of a line connecting the first end and the second end, and the interior of the mesh boxes is evenly filled with a porous medium catalyst.

[0017] Furthermore, the combustible solid waste incinerator further comprises a tar cracking pool, which is arranged in the cavity and located above the combustion part, the tar cracking pool has a tar inlet and a third gas outlet, and the combustion part has a second combustible gas inlet;

[0018] The tar cracking element is arranged at an angle, and the first end is located above the second end. The second end of the catalytic cracking chamber has a tar outlet, and the tar outlet is located below the second air outlet. The tar outlet is connected to the tar inlet, and the third air outlet is connected to the second combustible gas inlet.

[0019] Furthermore, a tar pump is provided between the tar outlet and the tar inlet, and a booster pump is provided between the second gas outlet and the first combustible gas inlet of the combustion section.

[0020] Furthermore, the heating chamber has a third end and a fourth end, the third end is located above the fourth end, the first air inlet is located at the fourth end, the first air outlet is located at the third end, and a plurality of spoilers are spaced apart in the heating chamber along a line connecting the third end and the fourth end.

[0021] Furthermore, the incineration system further comprises a first vacuum pump, a second vacuum pump and a flue gas heat exchanger;

[0022] The flue gas heat exchange component has a heat exchange cavity, the first air outlet, the heat exchange cavity and the first exhaust fan are connected in sequence, a heat exchange coil is provided in the flue gas heat exchange cavity, and the second exhaust fan, the heat exchange coil and the air inlet of the combustion part are connected in sequence.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the combustible solid waste incinerator and incineration system of the embodiment of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: the combustion part is arranged in the cavity and is spaced below the second discharge port, and the combustible gas generated by pyrolysis and gasification can enter the first combustible gas inlet of the combustion part in time through the first exhaust port, ensuring that the combustible gas generated during the pyrolysis and gasification of the combustible solid waste can be effectively introduced into the combustion part for further combustion, and the combustible solid waste is directly burned by the combustible gas generated by pyrolysis and gasification, thereby reducing the energy consumption for the treatment of the combustible solid waste; a heat exchanger is arranged The component can effectively recover the heat in the high-temperature flue gas generated after the combustion of combustible solid waste from the combustion part, and transfer the heat to the heat dissipation end through the heat conduction end, so that the temperature of the combustible solid waste in the reaction chamber increases, which is more conducive to the pyrolysis and gasification reaction. The pyrolysis and gasification reaction generates combustible gas, which is transported to the combustion part and burned together with the combustible solid waste. The flue gas generated after combustion transfers the heat to the reaction chamber through the heat exchange component, providing a high-temperature environment for the pyrolysis and gasification reaction, so that the combustible solid waste incinerator can continuously and stably carry out pyrolysis and gasification reaction and self-sustaining combustion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a combustible solid waste incinerator and an incineration system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point A;

[0026] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point B.

[0027] In the figure, 1. Combustible solid waste incinerator;

[0028] 101, furnace body; 1011, cavity; 1012, first feed port; 1013, first discharge port; 1014, air passage; 1015, second exhaust port;

[0029] 102, pyrolysis gasification bin; 1021, reaction chamber; 1022, second feed inlet; 1023, second discharge outlet; 1024, first exhaust outlet;

[0030] 103, combustion unit; 1031, first combustible gas inlet; 1032, air inlet; 1033, second combustible gas inlet;

[0031] 104, heat exchange component; 1041, heat conduction end; 1042, heat dissipation end;

[0032] 105. Ash Room;

[0033] 106. First separation valve;

[0034] 107. Second separation valve;

[0035] 108. Feed channel;

[0036] 109, cooling layer; 1091, cooling cavity; 1092, water inlet; 1093, water outlet;

[0037] 110, tar cracking tank; 1101, tar inlet; 1102, third gas outlet; 2, tar cracking element;

[0038] 201, main body; 2011, heating chamber; 2012, first air inlet; 2013, first air outlet; 2014, third end; 2015, fourth end; 2016, spoiler;

[0039] 202, catalytic cracking chamber; 2021, second air inlet; 2022, second air outlet; 2023, first end; 2024, second end; 2025, mesh box; 2026, tar outlet;

[0040] 3. Tar pump;

[0041] 4. Booster pump;

[0042] 5. The first vacuum pump;

[0043] 6. Second vacuum pump;

[0044] 7. Flue gas heat exchange components; 701. Heat exchange coil. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "inner", "outer", "lateral", "longitudinal" and the like used to indicate the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only used to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description, and are not used to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to have a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0047] In the description of the present invention, the terms "provided with", "set", "connected", and "placed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be an internal connection between two devices, elements, or components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0048] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are mainly used to distinguish different devices, elements or components (the specific types and structures may be the same or different), and are not used to indicate or imply the relative importance and quantity of the indicated devices, elements or components. Unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0049] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings.

[0050] like Figure 1 , 2As shown in FIG. 3 , a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a combustible solid waste incinerator, comprising a furnace body 101, wherein the furnace body 101 has a cavity 1011 inside, and the upper and lower ends of the furnace body 101 respectively have a first feed inlet 1012 and a first discharge port 1013, and the first feed inlet 1012 and the first discharge port 1013 are connected to the cavity 1011;

[0051] The pyrolysis gasification bin 102 is disposed in the containing cavity 1011. The interior of the pyrolysis gasification bin 102 has a reaction cavity 1021. The upper and lower ends of the pyrolysis gasification bin 102 respectively have a second feed inlet 1022 and a second discharge port 1023. The second feed inlet 1022 and the second discharge port 1023 are both connected to the reaction cavity 1021. The second feed inlet 1022 is connected to the first feed inlet 1012.

[0052] The combustion part 103 is arranged in the containing cavity 1011 and is arranged below the second discharge port 1023. The upper part of the reaction chamber 1021 has a first exhaust port 1024. The combustion part 103 has a first combustible gas inlet 1031 and an air inlet 1032. The first exhaust port 1024 is connected to the first combustible gas inlet 1031. The first exhaust port 1024 is used to discharge the combustible gas generated after the pyrolysis and gasification of the combustible solid waste;

[0053] The heat exchange component 104 has a gas passage 1014 between the inner wall of the cavity 1011 and the outer wall of the pyrolysis gasification bin 102. The heat exchange component 104 is arranged on the pyrolysis gasification bin 102. The heat exchange component 104 has a heat conducting end 1041 and a heat dissipating end 1042. The heat dissipating end 1042 is located in the reaction chamber 1021, and the heat conducting end 1041 is located in the gas passage 1014. The gas passage 1014 has a second exhaust port 1015, and the second exhaust port 1015 is used to discharge the exhaust gas after the incineration of combustible solid waste.

[0054] Specifically, the combustible solid waste incinerator 1 further includes an ash chamber 105 , which is disposed below the first discharge port 1013 , and the combustion part 103 includes an igniter.

[0055] Based on the above technical solution, the combustible solid waste enters the cavity 1011 of the furnace body 101 through the first feed port 1012, and then enters the second feed port 1022 of the pyrolysis gasification bin 102. After part of the combustible solid waste passes through the second discharge port 1023, it falls into the combustion part 103, and the rest of the combustible solid waste is contained in the reaction chamber 1021. The igniter ignites the combustible solid waste, and the high-temperature flue gas generated flows into the air channel 1014 and is discharged from the second exhaust port 1015. The high-temperature flue gas transfers heat to the heat dissipation end 1042 through the heat conduction end 1041 of the heat exchange component 104, that is, it is transferred to the combustible solid waste in the reaction chamber 1021. The combustible solid waste undergoes pyrolysis and gasification reaction under high temperature conditions to generate combustible gas. The combustible gas flows from the first exhaust port 1024 to the first combustible gas inlet 1031 of the combustion part 103 and is burned together with the combustible solid waste.

[0056] The combustion part 103 is arranged in the cavity 1011 and is spaced below the second discharge port 1023. The combustible gas generated by pyrolysis and gasification can enter the first combustible gas inlet 1031 of the combustion part 103 in time through the first exhaust port 1024, ensuring that the combustible gas generated during the pyrolysis and gasification of the combustible solid waste can be effectively introduced into the combustion part 103 for further combustion, and the combustible solid waste can be directly burned by the combustible gas generated by pyrolysis and gasification, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the combustible solid waste treatment; the heat exchange component 104 is arranged to be able to burn the combustible solid waste from the combustion part 103 The heat in the high-temperature flue gas generated after combustion is effectively recovered, and the heat is transferred to the heat dissipation end 1042 through the heat conduction end 1041, so that the temperature of the combustible solid waste in the reaction chamber 1021 increases, which is more conducive to the pyrolysis and gasification reaction; the pyrolysis and gasification reaction generates combustible gas, and the combustible gas is transported to the combustion part 103 to be burned together with the combustible solid waste. The flue gas generated after combustion transfers the heat to the reaction chamber 1021 through the heat exchange component 104, providing a high-temperature environment for the pyrolysis and gasification reaction, so that the combustible solid waste incinerator 1 can continuously and stably perform pyrolysis and gasification reaction and self-sustaining combustion.

[0057] Preferably, the combustible solid waste incinerator 1 further comprises a first separating valve 106 and a second separating valve 107 , and the first separating valve 106 and the second separating valve 107 are arranged at a second discharge port 1023 of the pyrolysis gasification bin 102 at intervals in the up-down direction.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment, it also includes a control component and a position sensor. The position sensor is arranged in the cavity 1011 and is used to detect the height of the combustible solid waste in the combustion section 103. The control component is electrically connected to the position sensor, the first separating valve 106, and the second separating valve 107.

[0059] The control component is configured as follows: after the material is dropped, the first dividing valve 106 and the second dividing valve 107 are closed, and the combustible solid waste located in the combustion section 103 produces ashes that fall into the ash chamber 105 after combustion. The height of the combustible solid waste in the combustion section 103 decreases until the position sensor can no longer detect the combustible solid waste. The second dividing valve 107 is opened, and the combustible solid waste located between the first dividing valve 106 and the second dividing valve 107 falls into the combustion section 103. The second dividing valve 107 is closed, and then the first dividing valve 106 is opened. The combustible solid waste in the reaction chamber 1021 falls between the first dividing valve 106 and the second dividing valve 107, and the first dividing valve 106 is closed.

[0060] The first separating valve 106 and the second separating valve 107 can separate the high-temperature flue gas released after combustion in the combustion part 103 and the combustible gas generated by the pyrolysis and gasification reaction, thereby preventing the gas from mixing and affecting the combustion efficiency.

[0061] Preferably, the first feed port 1012 and the second feed port 1022 are connected via a feed channel 108 , and the feed channel 108 extends downward to the middle and upper part of the reaction chamber 1021 .

[0062] Specifically, when the combustible solid waste is discharged from the first feed port 1012, the combustible solid waste blocks the lower end of the feed channel 108. The combustible solid waste blocks the feed channel 108, which prolongs the escape path of the combustible gas generated by the pyrolysis and gasification reaction, realizes the material sealing effect, and is conducive to forming the oxygen-deficient environment required for the pyrolysis and gasification reaction in the reaction chamber 1021.

[0063] Preferably, the outer peripheral wall of the furnace body 101 is coated with a cooling layer 109, and a cooling cavity 1091 is provided inside the cooling layer 109. The cooling layer 109 has a water inlet 1092 and a water outlet 1093. The water inlet 1092 and the water outlet 1093 are both connected to the cooling layer 109, and the water inlet 1092 is located below the water outlet 1093. The cooling layer 109 can effectively absorb the heat released outward by the furnace body 101 at high temperature by coating the outer peripheral wall of the furnace body 101, and take away the excess heat through the circulation of the coolant inside the cooling cavity 1091, which helps to keep the external temperature of the furnace body 101 within a stable range, and prevent overheating from damaging the furnace body 101 or affecting the overall operation stability of the system. The cooling layer 109 is designed with a water circulation through a water inlet 1092 and a water outlet 1093. The water inlet 1092 is located below the water outlet 1093. After the cooling water enters from the bottom, it absorbs heat from the bottom to the top through the cooling cavity 1091 and is then discharged from the top, thereby forming an effective temperature control fluid loop to ensure the stability of the external temperature of the furnace body 101 and prevent local overheating or uneven cooling from affecting the combustion or gasification process.

[0064] A second aspect of the present invention provides an incineration system, comprising a combustible solid waste incinerator 1, and further comprising:

[0065] The tar cracking component 2 includes a main body 201 and a catalytic cracking chamber 202. The main body 201 has a heating chamber 2011 inside. The heating chamber 2011 has a first air inlet 2012 and a first air outlet 2013. The first air inlet 2012 is connected to the second exhaust port 1015. The catalytic cracking chamber 202 is arranged in the heating chamber 2011. The catalytic cracking chamber 202 is not connected to the heating chamber 2011. The catalytic cracking chamber 202 has a second air inlet 2021 and a second air outlet 2022. The second air inlet 2021 is connected to the first exhaust port 1024, and the second air outlet 2022 is connected to the first combustible gas inlet 1031 of the combustion part 103.

[0066] Based on the above technical solution, the high-temperature flue gas enters the heating chamber 2011 through the second exhaust port 1015 and the first air inlet 2012, and the combustible gas generated by pyrolysis and gasification enters the catalytic cracking chamber 202 through the first exhaust port 1024 and the second air inlet 2021. The high-temperature flue gas maintains a high temperature in the heating chamber 2011, providing a high-temperature environment for the catalytic cracking chamber 202, so that the tar in the combustible gas can be catalytically cracked to generate combustible gas.

[0067] More preferably, the catalytic cracking chamber 202 has a first end 2023 and a second end 2024, the second air inlet 2021 is located at the first end 2023, the second air outlet 2022 is located at the second end 2024, and a plurality of mesh boxes 2025 are arranged in the catalytic cracking chamber 202 along the direction of the line connecting the first end 2023 and the second end 2024, and the mesh boxes 2025 are evenly filled with porous medium catalyst.

[0068] Specifically, the porous medium catalyst can be selected as a natural mineral porous medium catalyst, including one or more of dolomite, olivine, and clay ore; or it can be selected as a synthetic porous medium catalyst, including one or more of nickel-based porous medium catalysts (Ni / Al2O3, NiK / La2O3-Al2O3, etc.) or alkali metal porous medium catalysts (Na2CO3, K2CO3, etc.); or it can be selected as a carbon material porous medium catalyst, including one or more of natural graphite, graphene, and semi-coke coconut shell.

[0069] Filling the porous medium catalyst increases the catalytic surface area in the catalytic cracking chamber 202, improves the efficiency of the catalytic reaction, helps promote the cracking reaction of tar molecules, and generates small molecular combustible gas. The tar in the combustible gas can be cracked more efficiently, the cracking efficiency is improved, the pollution of tar to the system is reduced, and the combustion effect of the combustion part 103 is increased; by arranging a plurality of mesh boxes 2025 at intervals in the catalytic cracking chamber 202, the flow path of the gas in the catalytic cracking chamber 202 can be effectively controlled and optimized. The mesh boxes 2025 not only help to increase the contact area of ​​the catalyst, but also improve the gas flow distribution, so that the gas contacts the catalyst more evenly during the cracking process, ensures the full contact between the tar and the catalyst, and improves the uniformity and effect of the cracking reaction.

[0070] More preferably, the combustible solid waste incinerator 1 further comprises a tar cracking tank 110, which is disposed in the cavity 1011 and located above the combustion section 103, the tar cracking tank 110 has a tar inlet 1101 and a third gas outlet 1102, and the combustion section 103 has a second combustible gas inlet 1033;

[0071] The tar cracking element 2 is arranged at an angle, with the first end 2023 located above the second end 2024. The second end 2024 of the catalytic cracking chamber 202 has a tar outlet 2026, which is located below the second gas outlet 2022. The tar outlet 2026 is connected to the tar inlet 1101, and the third gas outlet 1102 is connected to the second combustible gas inlet 1033.

[0072] The tar cracking pool 110 is located in the cavity 1011 and above the combustion section 103. It can effectively receive and process the incompletely cracked tar flowing out of the catalytic cracking chamber 202, and then completely crack it through the high temperature output by the combustion section 103, and output small molecular combustible gas for combustion by the combustion section 103, thereby reducing the problem of residual and accumulation of tar in the gasification furnace, thereby improving the thermal efficiency of the entire incineration system.

[0073] More preferably, a tar pump 3 is provided between the tar outlet 2026 and the tar inlet 1101 , and a booster pump 4 is provided between the second gas outlet 2022 and the first combustible gas inlet 1031 of the combustion section 103 .

[0074] More preferably, the heating chamber 2011 has a third end 2014 and a fourth end 2015, the third end 2014 is located above the fourth end 2015, the first air inlet 2012 is located at the fourth end 2015, the first air outlet 2013 is located at the third end 2014, and a plurality of spoilers 2016 are spaced apart in the heating chamber 2011 along the direction of the line connecting the third end 2014 and the fourth end 2015.

[0075] By arranging a plurality of spoilers 2016 at intervals in the heating chamber 2011 along the line connecting the third end 2014 and the fourth end 2015, the laminar flow state of the gas flow can be effectively broken and the fluid can be transformed into turbulent flow. The generation of turbulence increases the contact area between the gas and the inner wall of the heating chamber 2011, enhances the heat exchange efficiency between the high-temperature flue gas and the heating chamber 2011, thereby improving the heat transfer rate in the heating chamber 2011; and can form a stable temperature gradient in the heating chamber 2011, so that the tar input into the catalytic cracking chamber 202 can be fully cracked from low temperature to high temperature to generate small molecular combustible gas.

[0076] More preferably, the incineration system further comprises a first vacuum pump 5, a second vacuum pump 6 and a flue gas heat exchanger 7;

[0077] The flue gas heat exchange element 7 has a heat exchange cavity, the first air outlet 2013, the heat exchange cavity and the first exhaust fan 5 are connected in sequence, a heat exchange coil 701 is provided in the flue gas heat exchange cavity, and the second exhaust fan 6, the heat exchange coil 701 and the air inlet 1032 of the combustion part 103 are connected in sequence.

[0078] The heat exchange coil 701 preliminarily heats the air input to the combustion section 103 to ensure sufficient combustion in the combustion section 103. Reduced temperature fluctuations mean that the combustion process is more stable, thereby improving the reliability of the system.

[0079] In summary, the embodiment of the present invention provides a combustible solid waste incinerator and an incineration system, wherein the combustion section 103 is arranged in the cavity 1011 and is spaced below the second discharge port 1023, and the combustible gas generated by pyrolysis and gasification can enter the first combustible gas inlet 1031 of the combustion section 103 in time through the first exhaust port 1024, ensuring that the combustible gas generated during the pyrolysis and gasification of the combustible solid waste can be effectively introduced into the combustion section 103 for further combustion, and the combustible solid waste can be directly burned by the combustible gas generated by pyrolysis and gasification, thereby reducing the energy consumption for the treatment of the combustible solid waste; a heat exchange component 104 is provided, which can The heat in the high-temperature flue gas generated after the combustion of the combustible solid waste can be effectively recovered from the combustion part 103, and the heat is transferred to the heat dissipation end 1042 through the heat conduction end 1041, so that the temperature of the combustible solid waste in the reaction chamber 1021 increases, which is more conducive to the pyrolysis and gasification reaction; the pyrolysis and gasification reaction generates combustible gas, and the combustible gas is transported to the combustion part 103 to be burned together with the combustible solid waste. The flue gas generated after the combustion transfers the heat to the reaction chamber 1021 through the heat exchange component 104, providing a high-temperature environment for the pyrolysis and gasification reaction, so that the combustible solid waste incinerator 1 can continuously and stably carry out pyrolysis and gasification reaction and self-sustaining combustion.

[0080] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combustible solid waste incinerator, characterized in that: include: A furnace body (101), wherein the interior of the furnace body (101) comprises a cavity (1011), and the upper and lower ends of the furnace body (101) respectively comprise a first feed inlet (1012) and a first discharge outlet (1013), and the first feed inlet (1012) and the first discharge outlet (1013) are in communication with the cavity (1011); A pyrolysis gasification bin (102), wherein the pyrolysis gasification bin (102) is arranged in the containing cavity (1011), the interior of the pyrolysis gasification bin (102) is provided with a reaction cavity (1021), the upper and lower ends of the pyrolysis gasification bin (102) are respectively provided with a second feed inlet (1022) and a second discharge port (1023), the second feed inlet (1022) and the second discharge port (1023) are both connected to the reaction cavity (1021), and the second feed inlet (1022) is connected to the first feed inlet (1012); A combustion section (103), the combustion section (103) being arranged in the containing cavity (1011) and spaced below the second discharge port (1023); the upper portion of the reaction chamber (1021) is provided with a first exhaust port (1024); the combustion section (103) is provided with a first combustible gas inlet (1031) and an air inlet (1032); the first exhaust port (1024) is connected to the first combustible gas inlet (1031); the first exhaust port (1024) is used to discharge combustible gas generated after pyrolysis and gasification of combustible solid waste; A heat exchange component (104), wherein a gas passage (1014) is provided between the inner wall of the cavity (1011) and the outer wall of the pyrolysis gasification bin (102), wherein the heat exchange component (104) is arranged on the pyrolysis gasification bin (102), wherein the heat exchange component (104) has a heat conduction end (1041) and a heat dissipation end (1042), wherein the heat dissipation end (1042) is located in the reaction chamber (1021), and the heat conduction end (1041) is located in the gas passage (1014), wherein a second exhaust port (1015) is provided in the gas passage (1014), and wherein the second exhaust port (1015) is used to discharge waste gas after the incineration of combustible solid waste.

2. The combustible solid waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first separating valve (106) and a second separating valve (107), wherein the first separating valve (106) and the second separating valve (107) are arranged at a second discharge port (1023) of the pyrolysis gasification bin (102) at intervals in the up and down directions.

3. The combustible solid waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first feed port (1012) and the second feed port (1022) are connected via a feed channel (108), and the feed channel (108) extends downward to the middle and upper part of the reaction chamber (1021).

4. The combustible solid waste incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the furnace body (101) is coated with a cooling layer (109), the cooling layer (109) has a cooling cavity (1091) inside, the cooling layer (109) has a water inlet (1092) and a water outlet (1093), the water inlet (1092) and the water outlet (1093) are both connected to the cooling layer (109), and the water inlet (1092) is located below the water outlet (1093).

5. An incineration system, comprising the combustible solid waste incinerator (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Also includes: A tar cracking component (2), the tar cracking component (2) comprising a main body (201) and a catalytic cracking chamber (202), the main body (201) having a heating chamber (2011) therein, the heating chamber (2011) having a first air inlet (2012) and a first air outlet (2013), the first air inlet (2012) being in communication with the second air outlet (1015), the catalytic cracking chamber (202) being arranged in the heating chamber (2011), the catalytic cracking chamber (202) being not in communication with the heating chamber (2011), the catalytic cracking chamber (202) having a second air inlet (2021) and a second air outlet (2022), the second air inlet (2021) being in communication with the first air outlet (1024), the second air outlet (2022) being in communication with the first combustible gas inlet (1031) of the combustion section (103).

6. The incineration system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The catalytic cracking chamber (202) has a first end (2023) and a second end (2024), the second air inlet (2021) is located at the first end (2023), the second air outlet (2022) is located at the second end (2024), and a plurality of mesh boxes (2025) are arranged in the catalytic cracking chamber (202) at intervals along a line connecting the first end (2023) and the second end (2024), and the mesh boxes (2025) are uniformly filled with a porous medium catalyst.

7. The incineration system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The combustible solid waste incinerator (1) further comprises a tar cracking pool (110), wherein the tar cracking pool (110) is arranged in the cavity (1011) and is located above the combustion section (103), the tar cracking pool (110) has a tar inlet (1101) and a third gas outlet (1102), and the combustion section (103) has a second combustible gas inlet (1033); The tar cracking element (2) is arranged at an angle, and the first end (2023) is located above the second end (2024). The second end (2024) of the catalytic cracking chamber (202) has a tar outlet (2026), and the tar outlet (2026) is located below the second gas outlet (2022). The tar outlet (2026) is connected to the tar inlet (1101), and the third gas outlet (1102) is connected to the second combustible gas inlet (1033).

8. The incineration system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A tar pump (3) is provided between the tar outlet (2026) and the tar inlet (1101), and a booster pump (4) is provided between the second gas outlet (2022) and the first combustible gas inlet (1031) of the combustion section (103).

9. The incineration system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heating chamber (2011) has a third end (2014) and a fourth end (2015), the third end (2014) is located above the fourth end (2015), the first air inlet (2012) is located at the fourth end (2015), the first air outlet (2013) is located at the third end (2014), and a plurality of spoilers (2016) are provided at intervals in the heating chamber (2011) along a line connecting the third end (2014) and the fourth end (2015).

10. The incineration system according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that: It also includes a first air pump (5), a second air pump (6) and a flue gas heat exchange element (7); The flue gas heat exchange component (7) has a heat exchange cavity, the first air outlet (2013), the heat exchange cavity and the first exhaust fan (5) are connected in sequence, a heat exchange coil (701) is provided in the flue gas heat exchange cavity, and the second exhaust fan (6), the heat exchange coil (701) and the air inlet (1032) of the combustion part (103) are connected in sequence.

Images