Device and method for detecting deformation of moraine layer tunnel

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of tunnel detection, and discloses a moraine layer tunnel deformation detection device which comprises a sliding seat, the sliding seat is installed on a track, an annular sliding rail is arranged on the sliding seat, a deformation detection mechanism is arranged on the annular sliding rail, the annular sliding rail and a tunnel are in a concentric state, and the deformation detection mechanism is arranged on the annular sliding rail. The annular sliding rail is arranged to be of a detachable structure. The annular sliding rail is formed by splicing a plurality of modularized arc-shaped rail sections, clamping structures are arranged at the connecting ends of the adjacent arc-shaped rail sections, and sealing rubber rings are embedded in the connecting positions. According to the annular sliding rail formed by splicing the multiple modularized arc-shaped rail sections, the transportation difficulty is greatly reduced, in the narrow tunnel construction environment, parts can be easily carried to a working site, during on-site assembly, due to the clamping structures and the guide slopes, splicing operation is easy, convenient and rapid, the assembly time in a tunnel is shortened, and the construction efficiency is improved. The construction risk is reduced and the overall construction efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of tunnel detection, and in particular to a moraine tunnel deformation detection device and a detection method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As transportation infrastructure construction continues to expand to mountainous areas, tunnel projects that cross moraine layers are increasing. The moraine layer is a special geological body formed by glacial accumulation. It has a complex composition and often contains gravel, sand and clay of varying sizes. Its geological characteristics are extremely unstable. During the tunnel excavation and operation stage, the moraine layer is easily deformed due to factors such as stress disturbance, groundwater activity, and temperature changes, posing a huge hidden danger to the safety of the tunnel structure. In the past, many moraine tunnel projects have encountered accidents such as surrounding rock collapse and lining cracking, which not only caused delays in project progress, but also endangered the lives of construction workers and the stability of subsequent operations.

[0003] Since the existing deformation detection devices cannot adapt to the complexity of the moraine layer, there may be greater uncertainty during tunnel excavation. Therefore, real-time deformation monitoring is very important to ensure construction safety and project quality. Deformation monitoring can help engineers understand the changes in the tunnel structure, discover potential problems in a timely manner, and take corresponding measures to prevent accidents or mitigate their impact. Therefore, by setting up a tunnel deformation detection device, the deformation risk of the tunnel can be discovered in time. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a moraine tunnel deformation detection device and a detection method thereof, so as to solve the technical problem that traditional deformation monitoring devices cannot adapt to the complexity of moraine layers and may encounter greater uncertainty during tunnel excavation.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A deformation detection device for a moraine tunnel comprises a sliding seat, which is installed on a track. An annular slide rail is provided on the sliding seat, and a deformation detection mechanism is provided on the annular slide rail. The annular slide rail is in a concentric state with the tunnel, and the annular slide rail is configured as a detachable structure; the annular slide rail is formed by splicing a plurality of modular arc-shaped rail segments, and the connecting ends of adjacent arc-shaped rail segments are provided with a clamping structure, and a sealing rubber ring is nested at the connection.

[0007] Furthermore, the clamping structure includes a clamping joint and a clamping groove. The inner side surface of one end of the arc-shaped rail segment is provided with a clamping groove, and the other end is integrally formed with a clamping joint. The clamping joint is adapted to the clamping groove, and the groove depth of the clamping groove is lower than the thickness of the arc-shaped rail segment. A guiding inclined surface is provided on the clamping joint, and a screw hole is provided through the connection between the clamping joint and the clamping groove. The screw hole cooperates with a fastening bolt to assist in fixing the connection between the clamping joint and the clamping groove.

[0008] Furthermore, the deformation detection mechanism includes a detection seat, which is hollow and sleeved on the arc track, a telescopic rod is provided on the top of the detection seat, and a detection probe is installed on the top of the telescopic rod;

[0009] A group of guide wheels are installed on both sides of the left and right sides of the detection seat, one of which is connected to the driving motor. The forward and reverse rotation of the driving motor drives the guide wheel to rotate forward and reverse, and the displacement of the detection seat is achieved through the friction between the guide wheel and the arc track.

[0010] Further, the deformation detection mechanism also includes an auxiliary unit, the auxiliary unit is used to assist the detection of the detection probe, and the auxiliary unit includes: an auxiliary head, the auxiliary head is provided with a probe, the auxiliary head is arranged at the end of the telescopic rod, the probe is arranged in a flexible structure, and the connection between the probe and the auxiliary head is an elastic connection;

[0011] The probe is woven from multiple strands of carbon fiber tows, and one end of the probe is connected to the auxiliary head through a spring to form an elastic connection.

[0012] Furthermore, the deformation detection mechanism also includes a cleaning unit, which includes: an air blowing module and a dust suction module. The air blowing module uses airflow to blow away the dust and mist attached to the side wall of the tunnel, and the dust suction module works together with the air blowing module to prevent the blown away dust and mist from spreading again.

[0013] Furthermore, the air blowing module includes an air pump, an air pipe and an air nozzle. The air pump is placed on the sliding seat. One end of the air pipe is connected to the air outlet of the air pump, and the other end is connected to a plurality of air nozzles. The air nozzles are evenly distributed along the outer side surface of the annular slide rail. The air outlet of the air nozzle is arranged to be flat so that the blown airflow can cover the inner wall of the tunnel to be detected by the detection probe.

[0014] Furthermore, the dust suction module includes a dust cleaner, a dust suction tube and a dust suction port. The dust cleaner is installed on the sliding seat. The dust suction tube adopts a retractable bellows. The dust suction port is arranged at one end of the dust suction tube and is arranged in a trumpet shape. There are multiple dust suction ports, and each of the dust suction ports is arranged around the corresponding air nozzle.

[0015] Furthermore, the deformation detection mechanism also includes a linkage unit, which is used to adjust the rotation speed of the drive motor. The linkage unit includes a pressure sensor, which is arranged at the auxiliary head and the spring. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the drive motor. When the probe is deformed, the pressure on the pressure sensor increases, and the drive motor reduces the rotation speed after receiving the pressure increase signal.

[0016] A method for detecting deformation of a moraine tunnel, the method comprises the following steps:

[0017] S1. Turn on the air blowing module to eject high-pressure air to sweep away the dust and mist on the inner wall of the tunnel, and simultaneously turn on the dust suction module to suck away the dispersed dust and mist for a preset time;

[0018] S2. After cleaning, start the drive motor to drive the guide wheel to rotate, drive the detection seat to move slowly and evenly along the annular slide rail, drive the detection probe to collect tunnel lining displacement, steel strain, environmental temperature and humidity data, and transmit them to the background data processing system in real time, with timestamps and location marks attached to the data;

[0019] S3. The background data processing system receives the data and compares them with the corresponding parameter safety threshold. When the parameters exceed the safety threshold, an early warning message including the exceeded parameters, location, and exceeded range is issued.

[0020] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0021] (1) The telescopic rod on the detection base of the present invention is equipped with a detection probe, which can flexibly adjust the distance between the probe and the tunnel wall to adapt to lining surfaces of different flatness. The detection probe can be integrated with a variety of sensors, including laser displacement sensors, strain sensors and temperature and humidity sensors, which work together to capture the displacement, stress strain and environmental temperature and humidity conditions of the tunnel lining at the same time, and obtain data in all directions, providing rich basis for accurately judging the cause and trend of tunnel deformation.

[0022] (2) The driving motor in the present invention drives the guide wheel to enable the detection seat to move smoothly along the annular slide rail, thereby achieving comprehensive detection of the inner wall of the tunnel without missing any potential deformation area, continuously and dynamically monitoring the deformation of the tunnel, and ensuring that the safety of the entire tunnel structure is under monitoring.

[0023] (3) When the present invention is working, the cleaning unit is started, the air pump runs at high speed, and the high-pressure airflow is ejected from the air nozzle through the air pipe. The strong airflow blows away the dust and mist attached to the side wall of the tunnel. At the same time, the vacuum cleaner works synchronously, and the trumpet-shaped dust suction port quickly sucks away the blown dust and mist to prevent it from spreading in the detection area again, creating a clear environment for subsequent accurate detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 It is the overall framework diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram from another angle;

[0027] Figure 3 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the auxiliary unit in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the annular slide rail;

[0029] Figure 5 A step diagram of the detection method;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the emergency avoidance component in the present invention.

[0031] Description of the drawings: 1. Sliding seat; 2. Annular slide rail; 21. Arc rail section; 22. Snap-fit ​​structure; 221. Snap joint; 222. Snap-fit ​​groove; 223. Screw hole; 3. Deformation detection mechanism; 31. Detection seat; 32. Telescopic rod; 33. Detection probe; 34. Guide wheel; 35. Drive motor; 36. Auxiliary unit; 361. Auxiliary head; 362. Probe; 363. Spring; 37. Air blowing module; 371. Air pump; 372. Air pipe; 373. Air nozzle; 38. Dust suction module; 371. Dust collector; 372. Dust suction pipe; 383. Dust suction port; 39. Emergency avoidance component; 391. Double-headed piston rod; 392. Y-shaped structure; 393. Arc structure; 394. Movable groove; 395. Damping shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] See also Figure 1-Figure 6As shown, the present invention is a deformation detection device for a moraine tunnel, comprising a sliding seat 1, wherein the sliding seat 1 is installed on a track, an annular slide rail 2 is provided on the sliding seat 1, a deformation detection mechanism 3 is provided on the annular slide rail 2, the annular slide rail 2 is in a concentric state with the tunnel, and the annular slide rail 2 is configured as a detachable structure; the annular slide rail 2 is formed by splicing a plurality of modular arc-shaped rail segments 21, and a clamping structure 22 is provided at the connecting ends of adjacent arc-shaped rail segments 21, and a sealing rubber ring is nested at the connecting portion.

[0034] In the present invention, the annular slide rail 2 formed by splicing a plurality of modular arc-shaped rail segments 21 greatly reduces the difficulty of transportation. In a narrow tunnel construction environment, it can be easily transported to the work site in parts. During on-site assembly, thanks to the clamping structure 22 and the guide slope, the splicing operation is simple and quick, which reduces the assembly time in the tunnel, reduces construction risks, and improves overall construction efficiency. Tunnels in different moraine layers have different diameters. This detachable structure can adjust the circumference of the annular slide rail 2 as needed, and can be easily adapted to tunnels of various sizes and specifications. It has strong versatility and does not require customized large-scale annular detection devices for each tunnel, thus saving costs. If a part of the annular slide rail 2 is damaged, only the corresponding arc-shaped rail segment 21 needs to be disassembled for replacement and repair, without disassembling the entire device. The difficulty and cost of maintenance are greatly reduced, ensuring that the device can quickly restore normal detection functions and reduce detection interruption time caused by equipment maintenance.

[0035] The clamping structure 22 includes a clamping joint 221 and a clamping groove 222. The clamping groove 222 is provided on the inner side surface of one end of the arc-shaped rail section 21, and the other end is integrally formed with a clamping joint 221. The clamping joint 221 is adapted to the clamping groove 222. The groove depth of the clamping groove 222 is lower than the thickness of the arc-shaped rail section 21. A guiding inclined surface is provided on the clamping joint 221. A screw hole 223 is penetrated at the connection between the clamping joint 221 and the clamping groove 222. The screw hole 223 cooperates with a fastening bolt to assist in fixing the connection between the clamping joint 221 and the clamping groove 222.

[0036] The clamping structure 22 in the present invention is matched with fastening bolts, and the double fixation allows the adjacent arc-shaped rail sections 21 to be tightly connected. Even if the moraine layer often undergoes geological activities such as vibration and slight shift of the strata, the overall structural stability of the annular slide rail 2 can be maintained to prevent the rail sections from loosening and shifting, thereby ensuring the smooth operation of the detection mechanism and the accuracy of data collection. At the same time, the sealing rubber ring nested at the connection effectively blocks sand and dust and water vapor in the moraine layer from invading the interior of the annular slide rail 2, protecting the precision sensors of the deformation detection mechanism 3 from damage such as erosion and short circuit, thereby extending the service life of the equipment, reducing the frequency of equipment failures due to environmental factors, and improving the reliability of the long-term operation of the device.

[0037] The deformation detection mechanism 3 includes a detection seat 31, the detection seat 31 is hollow and sleeved on the arc track, a telescopic rod 32 is arranged on the top of the detection seat 31, and a detection probe 33 is installed on the top of the telescopic rod 32;

[0038] A group of guide wheels 34 are installed on both sides of the left and right sides of the detection seat 31, and one of the guide wheels 34 is connected to the driving motor 35. The forward and reverse rotation of the driving motor 35 drives the guide wheel 34 to rotate forward and reverse, and then the displacement of the detection seat 31 is achieved through the friction between the guide wheel 34 and the arc track.

[0039] The deformation detection mechanism 3 further includes an auxiliary unit 36, which is used to assist the detection of the detection probe 33. The auxiliary unit 36 ​​includes: an auxiliary head 361, on which a probe 362 is arranged, and the auxiliary head 361 is arranged at the end of the telescopic rod 32. The probe 362 is arranged in a flexible structure, and the connection between the probe 362 and the auxiliary head 361 is an elastic connection;

[0040] The probe 362 is woven from a plurality of carbon fiber bundles, and one end of the probe 362 is connected to the auxiliary head 361 via a spring 363 to form an elastic connection.

[0041] In the present invention, the guide wheel 34 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 35, and the detection seat 31 starts to move slowly along the annular slide rail 2. When the detection probe 33 approaches the tunnel wall, if the distance is less than the preset threshold, the telescopic rod 32 extends, and the auxiliary head 361 with the flexible probe 362 first contacts the wall surface, and the probe 362 is deformed according to the wall surface contour, and the spring 363 is compressed, and the pressure signal is fed back to the control system, and the control system fine-tunes the position and posture of the detection probe 33. The laser displacement sensor in the detection probe 33 monitors the displacement of the tunnel lining in real time, the strain sensor captures the stress strain of the lining, and the temperature and humidity sensor records the ambient temperature and humidity, and collects data in all directions; as the detection seat 31 continues to move, the detection of the entire tunnel is completed, and the data is transmitted to the background for storage and analysis in real time;

[0042] Among them, the telescopic rod 32 on the detection seat 31 is matched with the detection probe 33, which can flexibly adjust the distance between the probe and the tunnel wall to adapt to lining surfaces of different flatness. The detection probe 33 can be integrated with a variety of sensors, including laser displacement sensors, strain sensors and temperature and humidity sensors, which work together to capture the displacement, stress strain and environmental temperature and humidity conditions of the tunnel lining at the same time, and obtain data in all directions, providing rich basis for accurately judging the cause and trend of tunnel deformation; the driving motor 35 drives the guide wheel 34 to make the detection seat 31 move smoothly along the annular slide rail 2, which can realize comprehensive detection of the inner wall of the tunnel without missing any potential deformation area, and continuously and dynamically monitor the deformation of the tunnel to ensure that the safety of the entire tunnel structure is under monitoring;

[0043] The flexible probe 362 of the auxiliary unit 36 ​​is woven from carbon fiber bundles and, with an elastic connection structure, can closely fit complex surfaces such as tiny cracks and uneven protrusions on the tunnel lining, avoiding detection blind spots caused by wall defects and making detection data more complete and accurate. At the same time, the deformation of the probe 362 caused by the force can be fed back in real time through the spring 363. When faced with irregular tunnel walls under complex geological conditions, the detection accuracy is still guaranteed, thereby improving the overall detection effect.

[0044] The deformation detection mechanism 3 also includes a cleaning unit, which includes: an air blowing module 37 and a dust suction module 38. The air blowing module 37 uses airflow to blow away the dust and mist attached to the side wall of the tunnel, and the dust suction module 38 works together with the air blowing module 37 to prevent the blown dust and mist from spreading again.

[0045] The air blowing module 37 includes an air pump 371, an air pipe 372 and an air nozzle 373. The air pump 371 is placed on the sliding seat 1. One end of the air pipe 372 is connected to the air outlet of the air pump 371, and the other end is connected to multiple air nozzles 373. The air nozzles 373 are evenly distributed along the outer side of the annular slide rail 2. The air outlet of the air nozzle 373 is set to be flat so that the blown air flow can cover the inner wall of the tunnel to be detected by the detection probe 33.

[0046] The dust suction module 38 includes a dust cleaner 371, a dust suction tube 372 and a dust suction port 383. The dust cleaner 371 is installed on the sliding seat 1. The dust suction tube 372 adopts a retractable bellows. The dust suction port 383 is arranged at one end of the dust suction tube 372 and is arranged in a trumpet shape. There are multiple dust suction ports 383, and each of the dust suction ports 383 is arranged around the corresponding air nozzle 373.

[0047] In the present invention, a small high-pressure air pump 371 is placed on the sliding seat 1, which has sufficient power to generate a continuous and stable high-pressure airflow. The air pipe 372 is made of high-temperature resistant and wear-resistant flexible rubber material, one end of which is connected to the air outlet of the air pump 371, and the other end is connected to a plurality of air nozzles 373. The air nozzles 373 are evenly distributed along the annular slide rail 2, and the air outlet is flat, ensuring that the ejected airflow can cover a large area of ​​the tunnel wall. Before the detection, the air pump 371 is started, and the high-pressure airflow quickly blows away the dust and fog attached to the side wall of the tunnel, creating a clear environment for subsequent precise detection, and avoiding dust and fog from interfering with the detection probe 33 and the auxiliary unit 36 ​​to obtain accurate The dust suction module 38 works together with the air blowing module 37 to prevent the blown dust from spreading again. The dust suction module 38 includes a high-power dust cleaner 371, a dust suction pipe 372 and a dust suction port 383. The dust cleaner 371 is also installed on the sliding seat 1. The dust suction pipe 372 uses a retractable bellows to meet the needs of different detection positions. The dust suction port 383 is designed to be trumpet-shaped and has a large dust suction range. It is arranged around the air nozzle 373 and can promptly absorb the blown dust particles, filter through the internal filter, and discharge the clean air to maintain the cleanliness of the air in the detection area and reduce the risk of dust particles wearing the precision parts of the detection equipment.

[0048] The deformation detection mechanism 3 also includes a linkage unit, which is used to adjust the rotation speed of the drive motor 35. The linkage unit includes a pressure sensor, which is arranged at the auxiliary head 361 and the spring 363. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the drive motor 35. When the probe 362 is deformed, the pressure on the pressure sensor increases, and the drive motor 35 reduces the rotation speed after receiving the pressure increase signal; the linkage unit also includes an emergency avoidance component 39, which is used to adjust the angle of the detection probe 33. The emergency avoidance component 39 includes:

[0049] A double-headed piston rod 391, the bottom of which is fixed to the end of the telescopic rod 32 by a bracket, and the double-headed piston rod 391 is located between the detection probe 33 and the probe 362, one end of the double-headed piston rod 391 is arranged as a Y-shaped structure 392, and the Y-shaped structure 392 forms a notch just stuck on the probe 362, the other end of the double-headed piston rod 391 is ball-jointed with the detection probe 33, the bottom of the detection probe 33 is arranged as an arc structure 393, and a movable groove 394 is opened at the end of the telescopic rod 32, and the arc structure 393 at the bottom of the detection probe 33 is hinged to the side wall of the movable groove 394 through a damping shaft 395.

[0050] In the present invention, the pressure sensor in the linkage unit is linked with the drive motor 35. When the probe 362 contacts the complex wall surface and deforms, the pressure increase signal is transmitted to the drive motor 35, causing it to automatically reduce the rotation speed. The low-speed operation allows the detection seat 31 to move more slowly, and the detection probe 33 has more time to collect data, avoiding the omission of key information due to too fast movement, further improving the detection accuracy, especially for complex wall areas, to achieve refined detection;

[0051] When the probe 362 accidentally hits a larger protrusion or foreign object and is subjected to a larger impact force, the impact force will be transmitted along the double-headed piston rod 391. Since one end of the double-headed piston rod 391 is connected to the probe 362 through the Y-shaped structure 392, this force drives the double-headed piston rod 391 to move. The other end of the double-headed piston rod 391 is ball-hinged with the detection probe 33. Combined with the arc structure 393 at the bottom of the detection probe 33, the damping shaft 395 is hinged to the side wall of the movable groove 394 at the end of the telescopic rod 32. The displacement of the double-headed piston rod 391 will prompt the detection probe 33 to rotate quickly around the damping shaft 395, flexibly change its own angle, and avoid obstacles; when the impact force disappears, the damping shaft 395 can allow the probe to smoothly restore its initial posture and continue to carry out detection work;

[0052] On the one hand, the emergency avoidance component 39 provides additional protection and precise positioning capabilities for the detection probe 33. When encountering sudden sharp protrusions or foreign objects on the tunnel wall, the angle of the detection probe 33 can be quickly adjusted to prevent the probe from colliding with obstacles, avoid sensor damage, and maintain the integrity of the detection equipment; at the same time, it ensures that the detection probe 33 is always vertically aligned with the wall, ensuring accurate measurement angles and continuously outputting stable and accurate detection data;

[0053] On the other hand, the Y-shaped structure 392 at one end of the double-headed piston rod 391 clamps the probe 362. When the probe 362 is impacted by an abnormal external force, the impact force will be transmitted to the bracket through the double-headed piston rod 391, dispersing the force and reducing the direct impact on the detection probe 33. Moreover, when encountering extreme conditions, the emergency avoidance component 39 can quickly change the probe posture to prevent the probe from being hit or scratched, thereby extending the service life of the core component of the detection probe 33 and reducing the frequency and cost of equipment maintenance.

[0054] The installation process of the present invention is:

[0055] First, take out a plurality of modular arc rail sections 21, pick up one of them, align the clamping joint 221 at one end thereof with the clamping groove 222 of the adjacent arc rail section 21, and thanks to the guiding inclined surface on the clamping joint 221, the clamping joint 221 can be easily guided to slide into the clamping groove 222, and when the clamping joint 221 is fully embedded, the groove depth of the clamping groove 222 is lower than the thickness of the arc rail section 21, so that the surface of the joint is flat, at this time, the screw hole 223 passing through the connection between the clamping joint 221 and the clamping groove 222 is accurately aligned, the fastening bolt is screwed into the screw hole 223, and a torque wrench is used to tighten it according to the preset torque value to ensure a stable connection, and each time a section is spliced, it is necessary to check whether the sealing rubber ring between the adjacent rail sections is flat and wrinkle-free to ensure that the entire annular slide rail 2 has good sealing, and finally splice into a complete annular slide rail 2, and install it on the sliding seat 1 so that it is in a concentric state;

[0056] The hollow detection seat 31 is sleeved on the assembled annular slide rail 2, and a set of guide wheels 34 are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the detection seat 31 to ensure that the guide wheels 34 are tightly fitted with the arc track. The drive motor 35 is connected to one of the guide wheels 34 through a coupling to enable the drive motor 35 to stably drive the guide wheel 34 to rotate forward and reverse. Then, a telescopic rod 32 is installed on the top of the detection seat 31, and a detection probe 33 integrated with multiple sensors is firmly fixed on the top of the telescopic rod 32;

[0057] Install the auxiliary head 361 of the auxiliary unit 36 ​​in a suitable position, and ensure that its probe 362 is vertical. The probe 362 is woven from multiple strands of carbon fiber tows, and one end is connected to the auxiliary head 361 through a spring 363, and has good elasticity. Place the air pump 371 of the air blowing module 37 on the sliding seat 1, connect one end of the air pipe 372 to the air outlet of the air pump 371, and evenly arrange the air nozzles 373 along the outer side of the annular slide rail 2 at the other end, and adjust the air outlet of the air nozzle 373 to be flat, so that its angle is initially aligned with the inner wall of the tunnel. Afterwards, install the vacuum cleaner 371 of the dust collection module 38 at the same position of the sliding seat 1, connect the retractable bellows as the dust collection pipe 372, and install a trumpet-shaped dust collection port 383 at one end of the dust collection pipe 372, so that each dust collection port 383 corresponds to a position around the air nozzle 373.

[0058] A method for detecting deformation of a moraine tunnel, the method comprises the following steps:

[0059] S1, turn on the air blowing module 37 to eject high-pressure airflow to sweep away the dust and mist on the inner wall of the tunnel, and simultaneously turn on the dust suction module 38 to suck away the blown dust and mist for a preset time;

[0060] S2. After cleaning, start the drive motor 35 to drive the guide wheel 34 to rotate, drive the detection seat 31 to move slowly and uniformly along the annular slide rail 2, drive the detection probe 33 to collect tunnel lining displacement, steel strain, environmental temperature and humidity data, and transmit them to the background data processing system in real time, with the data attached with a timestamp and position mark;

[0061] S3, the background data processing system receives the data and compares each with the corresponding parameter safety threshold. When the parameter exceeds the safety threshold, an early warning message including the exceeded parameter, position, and exceeded amplitude is issued. An embodiment of the present invention is described in detail above, but the content described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equal changes and improvements made according to the scope of application of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deformation detection device for a moraine tunnel, comprising a sliding seat (1), the sliding seat (1) being mounted on a track, the sliding seat (1) being provided with an annular slide rail (2), the annular slide rail (2) being provided with a deformation detection mechanism (3), characterized in that: The annular slide rail (2) is in a concentric state with the tunnel, and the annular slide rail (2) is configured as a detachable structure; the annular slide rail (2) is formed by splicing a plurality of modular arc-shaped rail segments (21), the connecting ends of adjacent arc-shaped rail segments (21) are provided with a clamping structure (22), and a sealing rubber ring is embedded in the connection.

2. The moraine tunnel deformation detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping structure (22) comprises a clamping joint (221) and a clamping groove (222); the inner side surface of one end of the arc-shaped rail section (21) is provided with the clamping groove (222); the other end is integrally formed with the clamping joint (221); the clamping joint (221) is adapted to the clamping groove (222); the groove depth of the clamping groove (222) is lower than the thickness of the arc-shaped rail section (21); a guiding inclined surface is provided on the clamping joint (221); a screw hole (223) is provided through the connection between the clamping joint (221) and the clamping groove (222); the screw hole (223) cooperates with a fastening bolt to assist in fixing the connection between the clamping joint (221) and the clamping groove (222).

3. The moraine tunnel deformation detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The deformation detection mechanism (3) comprises a detection seat (31), the detection seat (31) is hollow and sleeved on the arc track, a telescopic rod (32) is arranged on the top of the detection seat (31), and a detection probe (33) is installed on the top of the telescopic rod (32); A group of guide wheels (34) are installed on both left and right sides of the detection seat (31), one of the guide wheels (34) is connected to the driving motor (35) by transmission, and the driving motor (35) rotates forward and reverse to drive the guide wheel (34) to rotate forward and reverse, and then the displacement of the detection seat (31) is achieved through the friction between the guide wheel (34) and the arc track.

4. The moraine tunnel deformation detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The deformation detection mechanism (3) further comprises an auxiliary unit (36), the auxiliary unit (36) being used to assist the detection of the detection probe (33), the auxiliary unit (36) comprising: an auxiliary head (361), the auxiliary head (361) being provided with a probe (362), the auxiliary head (361) being arranged at the end of the telescopic rod (32), the probe (362) being arranged in a flexible structure, and the connection between the probe (362) and the auxiliary head (361) being an elastic connection; The probe (362) is woven from a plurality of carbon fiber bundles, and one end of the probe (362) is connected to the auxiliary head (361) via a spring (363) to form an elastic connection.

5. The moraine tunnel deformation detection device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The deformation detection mechanism (3) further comprises a cleaning unit, the cleaning unit comprising: an air blowing module (37) and a dust suction module (38), the air blowing module (37) uses airflow to blow away dust and mist attached to the side wall of the tunnel, and the dust suction module (38) cooperates with the air blowing module (37) to work together to prevent the blown away dust and mist from spreading again.

6. The moraine tunnel deformation detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air blowing module (37) comprises an air pump (371), an air delivery pipe (372) and an air nozzle (373); the air pump (371) is arranged on the sliding seat (1); one end of the air delivery pipe (372) is connected to the air outlet of the air pump (371); the other end of the air delivery pipe (372) is connected to a plurality of air nozzles (373); the air nozzles (373) are evenly distributed along the outer side surface of the annular slide rail (2); the air outlet of the air nozzle (373) is arranged to be flat, so that the blown airflow covers the inner wall of the tunnel to be detected by the detection probe (33).

7. The moraine tunnel deformation detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dust suction module (38) comprises a dust collector (371), a dust suction pipe (372) and a dust suction port (383); the dust collector (371) is mounted on the sliding seat (1); the dust suction pipe (372) is a retractable bellows; the dust suction port (383) is arranged at one end of the dust suction pipe (372) and is arranged in a trumpet shape; a plurality of dust suction ports (383) are provided, and each of the dust suction ports (383) is arranged at the periphery of the corresponding air nozzle (373).

8. The moraine tunnel deformation detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The deformation detection mechanism (3) further comprises a linkage unit, the linkage unit being used to adjust the rotation speed of the drive motor (35), the linkage unit comprising a pressure sensor, the pressure sensor being arranged at the auxiliary head (361) and the spring (363), the pressure sensor being electrically connected to the drive motor (35), and when the probe (362) is deformed, the pressure on the pressure sensor increases, and the drive motor (35) reduces its rotation speed after receiving a pressure increase signal; The linkage unit further comprises an emergency avoidance component (39), wherein the emergency avoidance component (39) is used to adjust the angle of the detection probe (33), and the emergency avoidance component (39) comprises: A double-headed piston rod (391), the bottom of which is fixed to the end of the telescopic rod (32) through a bracket, and the double-headed piston rod (391) is located between the detection probe (33) and the probe (362), one end of the double-headed piston rod (391) is arranged as a Y-shaped structure (392), and a notch formed by the Y-shaped structure (392) is just stuck on the probe (362), the other end of the double-headed piston rod (391) is ball-jointed with the detection probe (33), the bottom of the detection probe (33) is arranged as an arc structure (393), the end of the telescopic rod (32) is provided with a movable groove (394), and the arc structure (393) at the bottom of the detection probe (33) is hinged to the side wall of the movable groove (394) through a damping shaft (395).

9. A method for detecting deformation of a moraine tunnel, characterized in that: The deformation detection method uses the moraine tunnel deformation detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the steps of the method are as follows: S1, turning on the air blowing module (37) to eject high-pressure airflow to sweep away dust and mist on the inner wall of the tunnel, and simultaneously turning on the dust suction module (38) to suck away the dust and mist that has been blown away, for a preset period of time; S2. After the cleaning is completed, the driving motor (35) is started to drive the guide wheel (34) to rotate, and the detection seat (31) is driven to move slowly and uniformly along the annular slide rail (2), and the detection probe (33) is driven to collect the tunnel lining displacement, steel strain, and environmental temperature and humidity data, and transmit the data to the background data processing system in real time, and the data is accompanied by a time stamp and a position mark; S3. The background data processing system receives the data and compares them with the corresponding parameter safety threshold. When the parameters exceed the safety threshold, an early warning message including the exceeded parameters, location, and exceeded range is issued.

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