Coaxial calibration system based on laser mirror reflection

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of mirror surface calibration, and discloses a coaxial calibration system based on laser mirror surface reflection, which comprises a laser emitting device, a laser receiving device is arranged at the bottom of the laser emitting device, a laser emitter is arranged in the laser emitting device, a laser emitting platform B is fixed at the bottom end of a spray pipe clamping sleeve B, and a laser receiving device is arranged at the bottom of the laser emitting platform B; and a laser emitter fixing mechanism is fixed at the top end in the laser emitting platform B. Through cooperation of structures such as a laser emitting device, a laser receiving device and a laser emitter, the laser emitting device and the laser receiving device are installed on a spraying pipe and a measuring plane respectively, after laser is emitted, due to the fact that an emitting plane and a reflecting plane are mirror planes, the laser is reflected between the two planes for multiple times, and the laser is reflected to the spraying pipe. When the two planes are completely parallel and coaxially aligned, the incident laser and the reflected laser completely coincide, so that the device is highly sensitive to coaxiality, can amplify and display tiny errors, and is simple and convenient to operate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mirror calibration, and in particular is a coaxial calibration system based on laser mirror reflection. Background Art

[0002] When a spacecraft engine is working in a vacuum environment, the jet expands freely outward to form a vacuum plume. When the vacuum plume collides with the spacecraft, it will cause aerodynamic and aerodynamic heat effects on the spacecraft, causing the performance of key components of the spacecraft to degrade or fail to work, affecting the attitude control of the spacecraft, and in severe cases may even cause the flight mission to fail. Therefore, studying the interaction and effects of plumes is an important measure to ensure the smooth progress of space missions.

[0003] The experimental study on the aerodynamic and thermal effects of the plume on the wall is mainly carried out in the following ways: the plume is formed by jetting air through a small nozzle in a vacuum chamber to simulate a vacuum environment. A flat plate with pressure measuring points (pressure sensor, micro-pressure differential sensor), heat flow measuring points (heat flow sensor) and temperature measuring points (thermocouple) is used as the measurement plane. By obtaining parameters such as pressure, heat flow and temperature on the measuring plate, the force and thermal effects of the plume field on the wall at different positions are analyzed. These measurement data are crucial to understanding the details of the interaction between the plume and the wall, and help optimize the design of spacecraft and improve its durability and reliability.

[0004] In this type of experimental measurement, a necessary and critical step is to achieve the coaxiality calibration of the nozzle and the measuring plate. Since the plume expands rapidly in a vacuum environment, the pressure and heat flow gradients in the core area of ​​the plume are huge, and even a slight deviation in the coaxiality and coplanarity of the measuring device will have a significant impact on the measurement results, resulting in a decrease in the accuracy of the experimental data. Therefore, achieving high-precision coaxial calibration is crucial to the accuracy of the plume thermal effect experiment. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems raised in the above background technology, the present invention provides a coaxial calibration system based on laser mirror reflection.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a coaxial calibration system based on laser mirror reflection, comprising a laser emitting device, a laser receiving device is arranged at the bottom of the laser emitting device, and a laser emitter is arranged inside the laser emitting device;

[0007] The laser emission device includes a nozzle ferrule A, a nozzle ferrule B, a laser emission platform A, a laser emission platform B, a fixing pin and a laser emitter fixing mechanism. The nozzle ferrule A is provided with a nozzle ferrule B on the outside, the laser emission platform A is fixed at the bottom end of the nozzle ferrule A, the laser emission platform B is fixed at the bottom end of the nozzle ferrule B, a fixing pin is provided on the outside of the laser emission platform A, and the laser emitter fixing mechanism is fixed at the top end of the laser emission platform B.

[0008] Preferably, the top diameter of the nozzle ferrule A is equal to the top diameter of the nozzle ferrule B, and the bottom diameter of the nozzle ferrule A is equal to the bottom diameter of the nozzle ferrule B.

[0009] Preferably, the outer wall of the laser emitting platform A is close to the inner wall of the laser emitting platform B, and the laser emitting platform A and the laser emitting platform B are slidably connected.

[0010] Preferably, two groups of fixing pins are provided, and the fixing pins are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the extension block of the laser emission platform A, and the fixing pins are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the contraction groove of the laser emission platform B.

[0011] Preferably, the cone angles of the nozzle ferrule A and the nozzle ferrule B are the same as the cone angle of the nozzle, and the emission direction of the laser emitter is aligned with the central axis of the nozzle.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom ends of the laser emitting platform A and the laser emitting platform B are made of silver-plated mirror, the diameters of the laser emitting platform A and the laser emitting platform B are equal to the diameter of the laser receiving device, and the surfaces of the laser emitting platform A and the laser emitting platform B are provided with equally spaced grid engravings.

[0013] Preferably, the laser receiving device comprises a laser receiving plane and a positioning mechanism, the laser receiving plane is a silver-plated mirror, and the surface of the laser receiving plane is provided with grid markings with equal intervals.

[0014] Preferably, the laser emitter is cylindrical in shape and is fixed on the top of a laser emitter fixing mechanism.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The present invention arranges the laser emitting device, the laser receiving device, the laser transmitter and other structures in coordination, and installs the laser emitting device and the laser receiving device on the nozzle and the measuring plane respectively. After the laser is emitted, since both the emitting plane and the reflecting plane are mirror planes, the laser will be reflected multiple times between the two planes. When the two planes are completely parallel and coaxially aligned, the incident laser and the reflected laser will completely overlap, so that the device is highly sensitive to coaxiality, can amplify and display tiny errors, and is easy to operate.

[0017] The present invention sets up a laser emitting device, a laser receiving device, and a laser transmitter structure. If the two planes are not completely coaxial, each reflection will cause a significant change in the position of the light spot, thereby forming a gradually shifted light spot sequence. The principle diagram shows that even if there is only a slight angular deviation between the two planes, the distinction of the light spot sequence is still very obvious. If there is a deviation between the two planes, even if there is only an angular deviation of 1°, multiple reflections of the laser between the two mirrors will produce a series of obvious light spots. By analyzing the position and sequence of these light spots, tiny plane deviations can be magnified and detected, and the high linearity and precise reflection characteristics of the laser are used to make the calibration process more intuitive and efficient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the centering principle of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser emitting device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the laser emitting device of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1. laser emitting device; 101. nozzle sleeve A; 102. nozzle sleeve B; 103. laser emitting platform A; 104. laser emitting platform B; 105. fixing pin; 106. laser emitter fixing mechanism; 2. laser receiving device; 3. laser emitter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, the present invention provides a coaxial calibration system based on laser mirror reflection, including a laser emitting device 1, a laser receiving device 2 is arranged at the bottom of the laser emitting device 1, the laser receiving device 2 includes a laser receiving plane and a positioning mechanism, the laser receiving plane is a silver-plated mirror, and the surface of the laser receiving plane is provided with equally spaced grid engravings.

[0025] The above scheme is adopted: by setting the laser receiving plane on the surface of the laser receiving device 2 to be the same size as the laser emitting platform A103 and the laser emitting platform B104, since the laser receiving plane, the laser emitting platform A103 and the laser emitting platform B104 are mirror designs and are provided with grid scales, the reflection performance of the laser can be maximized and the function can be improved. In the study of wall force and heat measurement, the positioning mechanism is positioned through the wall pressure measuring holes. In order to measure the wall pressure, a pressure measuring hole array is provided in the measuring area. These holes are connected to the downstream pressure sensor. The user can process a fixing pin 105 with the same size and distribution as the pressure measuring hole array on the laser receiving plane on the surface of the laser receiving device 2 according to actual test requirements to ensure the device is firmly installed.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a laser emitter 3 is disposed inside the laser emitting device 1 . The laser emitter 3 is cylindrical in shape and is fixed on the top end of the laser emitter fixing mechanism 106 .

[0027] The above scheme is adopted: the laser emitter 3 emits laser through the small hole below, and the small hole is set perpendicular to the laser output platform B104. Even if the laser emitter 3 itself is not completely perpendicular to the laser output platform B104, this design still ensures a strict vertical relationship between the output laser and the output plane, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the laser path.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the laser emission device 1 includes a nozzle ferrule A101, a nozzle ferrule B102, a laser emission platform A103, a laser emission platform B104, a fixing pin 105 and a laser emitter fixing mechanism 106. The nozzle ferrule B102 is arranged outside the nozzle ferrule A101. The cone angles of the nozzle ferrule A101 and the nozzle ferrule B102 are the same as the cone angle of the nozzle. The emission direction of the laser emitter 3 is aligned with the central axis of the nozzle. The top diameter of the nozzle ferrule A101 is equal to the top diameter of the nozzle ferrule B102, and the bottom diameter of the nozzle ferrule A101 is equal to the bottom diameter of the nozzle ferrule B102.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, a laser emission platform A103 is fixed to the bottom end of the nozzle sleeve A101, and a laser emission platform B104 is fixed to the bottom end of the nozzle sleeve B102. The bottom ends of the laser emission platforms A103 and B104 are made of silver-plated mirrors. The diameters of the laser emission platforms A103 and B104 are equal to the diameter of the laser receiving device 2. The surfaces of the laser emission platforms A103 and B104 are provided with grid engravings with equal spacing. The outer wall of the laser emission platform A103 is close to the inner wall of the laser emission platform B104, and the laser emission platform A103 and B104 are slidably connected.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the outside of the laser emission platform A103 is provided with fixing pins 105, and two groups of fixing pins 105 are provided. The fixing pins 105 are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the extension block of the laser emission platform A103, and the fixing pins 105 are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the contraction groove of the laser emission platform B104. A laser emitter fixing mechanism 106 is fixed to the top of the inside of the laser emission platform B104.

[0031] The above scheme is adopted: by installing the laser emitter 3 on the fixing mechanism, the nozzle sleeve B102 and the laser emission platform B104 are partially attached to the nozzle, and then the nozzle sleeve A101 and the laser emission platform A103 are fixedly connected by the fixing pin 105 to form a stable structure. In order to ensure that the laser emission device 1 is firmly fixed on the nozzle, the design of the nozzle sleeve A101 and the nozzle sleeve B102 is completely consistent with the cone angle of the nozzle, so that the laser emission device 1 can be accurately stuck on the nozzle, ensuring that the emission direction of the laser is aligned with the central axis of the nozzle. At the same time, the mirrors of the laser emitting platform A103 and the laser emitting platform B104 can effectively reflect the laser reflected back from the laser receiving plane on the surface of the laser receiving device 2 again, and the energy loss is small. In order to further reduce the energy loss of the laser, a silver-plated mirror can be used. This material has a higher reflectivity. In addition, in order to improve the operability of the calibration process, grid scales can be added to the laser emitting platform A103 and the laser emitting platform B104. These scales can assist the user in judging the deflection direction and offset of the plane, making the adjustment process more intuitive and accurate.

[0032] The working principle and use process of the present invention are as follows: the laser emitter 3 emits a highly linear laser beam, which is initially reflected by the laser emission platform A103 and the laser emission platform B104 fixed on the nozzle. The reflected laser beam is emitted to the laser receiving plane of the laser receiving device 2 on the measuring plate. The laser receiving plane has a high reflectivity and a precise angle setting, which ensures that the reflected light beam can accurately return to the position of the laser emitter 3. By observing the position and angle of the reflected light beam, the relative position of the nozzle and the measuring plate can be accurately measured and adjusted, thereby realizing coaxiality calibration. By being fixedly connected to the nozzle expansion section by a conical ferrule, the laser plane can be accurately made to coincide with the nozzle outlet plane, forming a highly consistent precision with the central axis of the nozzle. Straight laser, by setting the laser receiving plane on the surface of the laser receiving device 2 to be the same size as the laser emitting platform A103 and the laser emitting platform B104, since the laser receiving plane, the laser emitting platform A103 and the laser emitting platform B104 are mirror designs and are provided with grid scales, the reflection performance of the laser can be maximized and the function can be improved. In the study of wall force and heat measurement, the positioning mechanism is positioned by the wall pressure measuring hole. In order to measure the wall pressure, a pressure measuring hole array is provided in the measuring area. These holes are connected to the downstream pressure sensor. The user can process a fixing pin 105 that is consistent with the size and distribution of the pressure measuring hole array on the laser receiving plane on the surface of the laser receiving device 2 according to actual test requirements to ensure that the device is firmly fixed. The laser emitter 3 emits laser through the small hole below, and the small hole is vertically arranged with the laser emission platform B104. Even if the laser emitter 3 itself is not completely vertical with the laser emission platform B104, this design still ensures the strict vertical relationship between the emitted laser and the emission plane, and ensures the accuracy of the laser path. By installing the laser emitter 3 on the fixing mechanism, the nozzle sleeve B102 and the laser emission platform B104 are partially attached to the nozzle, and then the nozzle sleeve A101 and the laser emission platform A103 are fixedly connected by the fixing pin 105 to form a stable structure. In order to ensure that the laser emission device 1 is firmly fixed on the nozzle, the design of the nozzle sleeve A101 and the nozzle sleeve B102 is the same as The cone angles of the nozzles are completely consistent, so that the laser emission device 1 can be accurately stuck on the nozzle, ensuring that the laser emission direction is aligned with the central axis of the nozzle. At this time, the mirrors of the laser emission platform A103 and the laser emission platform B104 can effectively reflect the laser reflected back from the laser receiving plane on the surface of the laser receiving device 2 again, and the energy loss is small. In order to further reduce the energy loss of the laser, a silver-plated mirror can be used. This material has a higher reflectivity. In addition, in order to improve the operability of the calibration process, grid scales can be added to the laser emission platform A103 and the laser emission platform B104. These scales can assist the user in judging the deflection direction and offset of the plane, making the adjustment process more intuitive and accurate.

[0033] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0034] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A coaxial calibration system based on laser mirror reflection, comprising a laser emitting device (1), characterized in that: A laser receiving device (2) is arranged at the bottom of the laser emitting device (1), and a laser emitter (3) is arranged inside the laser emitting device (1); The laser emitting device (1) comprises a nozzle ferrule A (101), a nozzle ferrule B (102), a laser emitting platform A (103), a laser emitting platform B (104), a fixing pin (105) and a laser emitter fixing mechanism (106); the nozzle ferrule B (102) is arranged outside the nozzle ferrule A (101); the laser emitting platform A (103) is fixed at the bottom end of the nozzle ferrule A (101); the laser emitting platform B (104) is fixed at the bottom end of the nozzle ferrule B (102); the laser emitting platform A (103) is arranged outside the nozzle ferrule B (102); and the laser emitter fixing mechanism (106) is fixed at the top end of the laser emitting platform B (104).

2. The coaxial calibration system based on laser mirror reflection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top diameter of the nozzle ferrule A (101) is equal to the top diameter of the nozzle ferrule B (102), and the bottom diameter of the nozzle ferrule A (101) is equal to the bottom diameter of the nozzle ferrule B (102).

3. The coaxial calibration system based on laser mirror reflection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the laser emitting platform A (103) is close to the inner wall of the laser emitting platform B (104), and the laser emitting platform A (103) and the laser emitting platform B (104) are slidably connected.

4. The coaxial calibration system based on laser mirror reflection according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two groups of the fixing pins (105) are provided. The fixing pins (105) are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the extension block of the laser emission platform A (103), and the fixing pins (105) are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the contraction groove of the laser emission platform B (104).

5. The coaxial calibration system based on laser mirror reflection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cone angles of the nozzle sleeve A (101) and the nozzle sleeve B (102) are the same as the cone angle of the nozzle, and the emission direction of the laser emitter (3) is aligned with the central axis of the nozzle.

6. The coaxial calibration system based on laser mirror reflection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom ends of the laser emitting platform A (103) and the laser emitting platform B (104) are made of a silver-plated mirror, the diameters of the laser emitting platform A (103) and the laser emitting platform B (104) are equal to the diameter of the laser receiving device (2), and the surfaces of the laser emitting platform A (103) and the laser emitting platform B (104) are provided with grid markings with equal spacing.

7. The coaxial calibration system based on laser mirror reflection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser receiving device (2) comprises a laser receiving plane and a positioning mechanism; the laser receiving plane is a silver-plated mirror surface; and the surface of the laser receiving plane is provided with grid markings at equal intervals.

8. The coaxial calibration system based on laser mirror reflection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser emitter (3) is cylindrical in shape and is fixed on the top end of a laser emitter fixing mechanism (106).

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