Automatic control system for crop irrigation

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic control system for crop irrigation, and relates to the technical field of agricultural irrigation. According to the system, soil moisture content data are collected through an on-site detection unit, a nutrient solution is stored through a liquid storage unit, water level data are collected, then the data are received through a management control unit, an irrigation mode is determined, and an irrigation control instruction is output according to the soil moisture content and the mode. During timing, circulating and remote irrigation, a first control signal with a set numerical value is output; and during automatic irrigation, determining the soil moisture content of the next time period based on the soil moisture content prediction model, outputting a second control signal if the soil moisture content is lower than a threshold value, and outputting an early warning signal when the water level of the liquid storage tank is lower than a set limit value. The gateway unit transmits irrigation related data and an early warning signal to the remote display unit, and the remote display unit displays the data in a table form and gives out a sound-light alarm when receiving the early warning signal. The automation degree of the irrigation system can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural irrigation, and in particular to an automatic control system for crop irrigation. Background Art

[0002] At present, crop irrigation mainly relies on manual judgment and experience-based decision-making, lacking an accurate and automated control system. Although traditional irrigation methods, such as timed irrigation and cycle irrigation, can meet the water needs of crops to a certain extent, they are often unable to be flexibly adjusted according to the actual soil conditions, resulting in water waste or insufficient irrigation. In addition, although remote irrigation can remotely control irrigation equipment, it still requires manual monitoring and decision-making, and has a low degree of intelligence.

[0003] In addition, the existing irrigation system also has deficiencies in nutrient solution management and early warning mechanisms. The water level data of the storage tank can usually only be checked manually on a regular basis, and cannot be obtained in real time and automatically warned. Once the water level is too low, irrigation may be interrupted, affecting the normal growth of crops.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an automatic control system for crop irrigation. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic control system for crop irrigation, which can improve the automation level of the irrigation system.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] A crop irrigation automatic control system, comprising:

[0008] Field detection unit, used to collect soil moisture data in the target irrigation area;

[0009] A liquid storage unit, used for storing nutrient solution and collecting water level data of the nutrient solution in real time;

[0010] Management control unit for:

[0011] Receiving soil moisture data and the water level data and determining an irrigation mode; the irrigation mode includes timed irrigation, cycle irrigation, remote irrigation and automatic irrigation;

[0012] Outputting irrigation control instructions according to the soil moisture data and the determined irrigation mode; the irrigation instructions are to execute irrigation actions within a set time according to the corresponding control signal; the irrigation actions include: mixing the nutrient solution and clean water in a mixing tank to a set concentration, and then turning on the spraying component for irrigation;

[0013] Wherein, when any one of the timed irrigation, cycle irrigation and remote irrigation is adopted, a first control signal is output according to the corresponding set value, and the first control signal is used as the output irrigation control instruction; when the automatic irrigation is adopted, the soil moisture data in the next time period is determined according to the soil moisture data and the soil moisture prediction model, and if the soil moisture data in the next time period is lower than the set threshold, a second control signal is output, and the second control signal is used as the output irrigation control instruction;

[0014] Compare the water level data of the liquid storage tank with the set water level limit value, and output a warning signal when the water level data of the liquid storage tank is lower than the set water level limit value;

[0015] A gateway unit, used to transmit irrigation-related data and the warning signal; the irrigation-related data includes soil moisture data, water level data, a determined irrigation mode and irrigation control instructions;

[0016] The remote display unit is used to visually display the irrigation-related data in a table form and to send an audible and visual alarm to the staff when the early warning signal is received.

[0017] Optionally, the on-site detection unit adopts a soil moisture monitoring station integrating multiple sensor components.

[0018] Optionally, the liquid storage unit specifically includes: a liquid storage tank and a water level gauge; the water level gauge is arranged at a set water level limit in the liquid storage tank; the liquid storage tank is also provided with a liquid filling port and a liquid outlet; the liquid filling port is used to add nutrient solution to the liquid storage tank; the liquid outlet is connected to the mixing tank for conveying nutrient solution.

[0019] Optionally, the management control unit specifically includes:

[0020] A data receiving module, used for receiving soil moisture data and the water level data and determining an irrigation mode;

[0021] A first control signal determination module, configured to output a first control signal according to a corresponding set value when any one of the timed irrigation, cycle irrigation and remote irrigation is adopted, and use the first control signal as an output irrigation control instruction;

[0022] a second control signal determination module, for determining the soil moisture data in the next period according to the soil moisture data and the soil moisture prediction model when the automatic irrigation is adopted, and outputting a second control signal if the soil moisture data in the next period is lower than a set threshold, and using the second control signal as an output irrigation control instruction;

[0023] A mixing irrigation module, for mixing the nutrient solution and clean water in a mixing tank to a set concentration within a set time according to the irrigation control instruction, and then turning on the spraying assembly for irrigation;

[0024] The early warning module is used to compare the water level data of the liquid storage tank with the set water level limit, and output an early warning signal when the water level data of the liquid storage tank is lower than the set water level limit.

[0025] Optionally, the second control signal determination module specifically includes:

[0026] Model training submodule, used to:

[0027] Acquire training data; the training data includes historical soil moisture data sets and corresponding prediction results;

[0028] Construct a pre-trained model; the pre-trained model includes a deformable convolutional network and a self-attention module connected in sequence; the deformable convolutional network includes a scale perception layer, a spatial perception layer, a deformable convolutional layer and a deformable pooling layer connected in sequence; the self-attention module includes an encoding module, a decoding module and a prediction module connected in sequence.

[0029] Inputting the training data into the pre-trained model, training the model with the goal of minimizing the loss between the model output result and the prediction result, and determining the trained model as a soil moisture prediction model;

[0030] A model updating submodule, used to update the historical soil moisture data set according to a set update time, and iteratively update the pre-trained model using the updated soil moisture data set, and use the updated model as a soil moisture prediction model for the next moment prediction;

[0031] The model application submodule is used to make predictions using the soil moisture prediction model updated in the last iteration, and to compare the prediction results with the set thresholds to output corresponding control signals and irrigation control instructions.

[0032] Optionally, the mixing irrigation module specifically includes: a mixing tank, an agitator, a concentration detection instrument, a controller and a spraying device; the mixing tank is connected to the liquid storage unit, the agitator is arranged at the bottom of the mixing tank, the concentration detection instrument is arranged in the middle of the mixing tank, and the controller is respectively connected to the agitator, the concentration detection instrument and the solenoid valve on the spraying device.

[0033] Optionally, the gateway unit includes an NB-IoT communication module; the NB-IoT communication module is used to connect the staff's mobile device with the back-end auxiliary decision-making unit in the intranet through the NB-IoT base station; the NB-IoT communication module also includes an NB-IoT base station enhancement device for enhancing the signal coverage range.

[0034] Optionally, the remote display unit adopts at least one of a personal computer, a laptop computer, a smart phone, a tablet computer and a portable wearable device.

[0035] According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0036] The present invention discloses an automatic control system for crop irrigation, the system comprising a field detection unit, a liquid storage unit, a management control unit, a gateway unit and a remote display unit; soil moisture data is collected through the field detection unit, and nutrient solution is stored and water level data is collected through the liquid storage unit, and then the management control unit receives these data, determines the irrigation mode, and outputs irrigation control instructions according to the soil moisture and mode. During timing, cycle, and remote irrigation, a first control signal of a set value is output; during automatic irrigation, the soil moisture of the next period is determined based on a soil moisture prediction model, and a second control signal is output when it is lower than a threshold, and an early warning signal is output when the water level of the liquid storage tank is lower than a set limit. The gateway unit transmits irrigation-related data and early warning signals to the remote display unit, which displays the data in a table form and issues an audible and visual alarm when receiving the early warning signal. The present invention can improve the automation level of the irrigation system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0038] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the automatic control system for crop irrigation of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic control system for crop irrigation, which can improve the automation level of the irrigation system.

[0041] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an automatic control system for crop irrigation, including: a field detection unit, a liquid storage unit, a management control unit, a gateway unit and a remote display unit.

[0043] Field detection unit, used to collect soil moisture data in the target irrigation area;

[0044] A liquid storage unit, used for storing nutrient solution and collecting water level data of the nutrient solution in real time;

[0045] Management control unit for:

[0046] Receiving soil moisture data and the water level data and determining an irrigation mode; the irrigation mode includes timed irrigation, cycle irrigation, remote irrigation and automatic irrigation;

[0047] Outputting irrigation control instructions according to the soil moisture data and the determined irrigation mode; the irrigation instructions are to execute irrigation actions within a set time according to the corresponding control signal; the irrigation actions include: mixing the nutrient solution and clean water in a mixing tank to a set concentration, and then turning on the spraying component for irrigation;

[0048] Wherein, when any one of the timed irrigation, cycle irrigation and remote irrigation is adopted, a first control signal is output according to the corresponding set value, and the first control signal is used as the output irrigation control instruction; when the automatic irrigation is adopted, the soil moisture data in the next time period is determined according to the soil moisture data and the soil moisture prediction model, and if the soil moisture data in the next time period is lower than the set threshold, a second control signal is output, and the second control signal is used as the output irrigation control instruction;

[0049] Compare the water level data of the liquid storage tank with the set water level limit value, and output a warning signal when the water level data of the liquid storage tank is lower than the set water level limit value;

[0050] A gateway unit, used to transmit irrigation-related data and the warning signal; the irrigation-related data includes soil moisture data, water level data, a determined irrigation mode and irrigation control instructions;

[0051] The remote display unit is used to visually display the irrigation-related data in a table form and to send an audible and visual alarm to the staff when the early warning signal is received.

[0052] As a specific implementation, the field detection unit adopts a soil moisture monitoring station integrating multiple sensor components.

[0053] As a specific implementation, the liquid storage unit specifically includes: a liquid storage tank and a water level gauge; the water level gauge is arranged at a set water level limit in the liquid storage tank; the liquid storage tank is also provided with a filling port and a liquid outlet; the filling port is used to add nutrient solution to the liquid storage tank; the liquid outlet is connected to the mixing tank for conveying nutrient solution.

[0054] As a specific implementation, the management control unit specifically includes:

[0055] A data receiving module, used for receiving soil moisture data and the water level data and determining an irrigation mode;

[0056] A first control signal determination module, configured to output a first control signal according to a corresponding set value when any one of the timed irrigation, cycle irrigation and remote irrigation is adopted, and use the first control signal as an output irrigation control instruction;

[0057] a second control signal determination module, for determining the soil moisture data in the next period according to the soil moisture data and the soil moisture prediction model when the automatic irrigation is adopted, and outputting a second control signal if the soil moisture data in the next period is lower than a set threshold, and using the second control signal as an output irrigation control instruction;

[0058] A mixing irrigation module, for mixing the nutrient solution and clean water in a mixing tank to a set concentration within a set time according to the irrigation control instruction, and then turning on the spraying assembly for irrigation;

[0059] The early warning module is used to compare the water level data of the liquid storage tank with the set water level limit, and output an early warning signal when the water level data of the liquid storage tank is lower than the set water level limit.

[0060] As a further implementation of the second control signal determination module, it specifically includes:

[0061] Model training submodule, used to:

[0062] Acquire training data; the training data includes historical soil moisture data sets and corresponding prediction results;

[0063] Construct a pre-trained model; the pre-trained model includes a deformable convolutional network and a self-attention module connected in sequence; the deformable convolutional network includes a scale perception layer, a spatial perception layer, a deformable convolutional layer and a deformable pooling layer connected in sequence; the self-attention module includes an encoding module, a decoding module and a prediction module connected in sequence.

[0064] Inputting the training data into the pre-trained model, training the model with the goal of minimizing the loss between the model output result and the prediction result, and determining the trained model as a soil moisture prediction model;

[0065] A model updating submodule, used to update the historical soil moisture data set according to a set update time, and iteratively update the pre-trained model using the updated soil moisture data set, and use the updated model as a soil moisture prediction model for the next moment prediction;

[0066] The model application submodule is used to make predictions using the soil moisture prediction model updated in the last iteration, and to compare the prediction results with the set thresholds to output corresponding control signals and irrigation control instructions.

[0067] As a further implementation of the mixing irrigation module, it specifically includes: a mixing tank, an agitator, a concentration detection instrument, a controller and a spraying device; the mixing tank is connected to the liquid storage unit, the agitator is arranged at the bottom of the mixing tank, the concentration detection instrument is arranged in the middle of the mixing tank, and the controller is respectively connected to the agitator, the concentration detection instrument and the solenoid valve on the spraying device.

[0068] As a specific implementation, the gateway unit includes an NB-IoT communication module; the NB-IoT communication module is used to connect the staff's mobile device with the back-end auxiliary decision-making unit in the intranet through the NB-IoT base station; the NB-IoT communication module also includes an NB-IoT base station enhancement device for enhancing the signal coverage range.

[0069] As a specific implementation, the remote display unit adopts at least one of a personal computer, a laptop computer, a smart phone, a tablet computer and a portable wearable device.

[0070] Based on the above technical solution, the following embodiments are provided to specifically describe the system composition.

[0071] On-site detection unit: A soil moisture monitoring station that integrates multiple sensor components is used to monitor soil moisture, temperature and other soil moisture data in the target irrigation area in real time, providing data support for irrigation decisions.

[0072] Liquid storage unit: includes liquid storage tank and water level gauge. The liquid storage tank is used to store nutrient solution, and the water level gauge monitors the water level data of the nutrient solution in real time to ensure that the nutrient solution is sufficient and avoid irrigation interruption.

[0073] Management control unit:

[0074] Data receiving module: receives soil moisture data and water level data, and determines the irrigation mode according to preset rules.

[0075] The first control signal determination module: in the timed irrigation, cycle irrigation and remote irrigation modes, outputs the first control signal according to the set parameters to control the irrigation action.

[0076] Second control signal determination module: In automatic irrigation mode, the soil moisture prediction model is used to predict the soil moisture in the next period, and the second control signal is output according to the prediction result. This module includes model training, updating and application submodules to continuously optimize the accuracy of the prediction model.

[0077] Mixing irrigation module: According to the irrigation control instructions, the nutrient solution and clean water are mixed in the mixing tank to the set concentration, and irrigation is carried out through the spraying equipment. The mixing tank is equipped with an agitator, concentration detection instrument and controller to ensure uniform mixing and reach the set concentration.

[0078] Early warning module: Real-time monitoring of the water level data of the liquid storage tank. When the water level is lower than the set limit, an early warning signal is output to remind the management personnel to replenish the nutrient solution in time.

[0079] Gateway unit: It uses NB-IoT communication module to achieve intranet connection with back-end auxiliary decision-making units and staff's mobile devices through NB-IoT base station. At the same time, it also includes NB-IoT base station enhancement device to ensure the wide coverage of signal and realize stable data transmission.

[0080] Remote display unit: Using devices such as smartphones and tablets, the irrigation-related data is visualized in a table format, including soil moisture, water level, irrigation mode, control instructions, etc. At the same time, it receives early warning signals and issues sound and light alarms to remind managers to deal with abnormal situations in a timely manner.

[0081] Conclusion: After pilot application, farm managers can view irrigation-related data in real time through the remote display unit and adjust irrigation strategies in time according to data changes. In automatic irrigation mode, the system automatically adjusts irrigation time and amount according to the soil moisture prediction model to ensure that crops get sufficient water and nutrients under optimal growth conditions.

[0082] The system significantly improves the irrigation efficiency and yield of crops. Compared with traditional irrigation methods, the intelligent irrigation system can more accurately predict changes in soil moisture, avoid over-irrigation and insufficient water, and thus reduce water waste and labor costs. At the same time, the system's visual display and early warning functions enable managers to understand the irrigation situation in a timely manner and make corresponding adjustments, improving management efficiency and response speed.

[0083] Therefore, the intelligent crop irrigation automatic control system of this embodiment realizes the precision, automation and intelligence of crop irrigation by integrating multi-sensor monitoring, intelligent irrigation control, remote data transmission and visual display and other technical means. The system has achieved remarkable results in pilot applications and provided strong technical support and demonstration effect for the field of agricultural irrigation.

[0084] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0085] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the core idea of ​​the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A crop irrigation automatic control system, characterized in that: include: Field detection unit, used to collect soil moisture data in the target irrigation area; A liquid storage unit, used for storing nutrient solution and collecting water level data of the nutrient solution in real time; Management control unit for: Receiving soil moisture data and the water level data and determining an irrigation mode; the irrigation mode includes timed irrigation, cycle irrigation, remote irrigation and automatic irrigation; Outputting irrigation control instructions according to the soil moisture data and the determined irrigation mode; The irrigation instruction is to perform an irrigation action within a set time according to a corresponding control signal; the irrigation action includes: after the nutrient solution and clean water are mixed in a mixing tank to a set concentration, the spraying component is turned on for irrigation; Wherein, when any one of the timed irrigation, cycle irrigation and remote irrigation is adopted, a first control signal is output according to the corresponding set value, and the first control signal is used as the output irrigation control instruction; when the automatic irrigation is adopted, the soil moisture data in the next time period is determined according to the soil moisture data and the soil moisture prediction model, and if the soil moisture data in the next time period is lower than the set threshold, a second control signal is output, and the second control signal is used as the output irrigation control instruction; Compare the water level data of the liquid storage tank with the set water level limit value, and output a warning signal when the water level data of the liquid storage tank is lower than the set water level limit value; A gateway unit, used to transmit irrigation-related data and the warning signal; the irrigation-related data includes soil moisture data, water level data, a determined irrigation mode and irrigation control instructions; The remote display unit is used to visually display the irrigation-related data in a table form and to send an audible and visual alarm to the staff when the early warning signal is received.

2. The crop irrigation automatic control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The on-site detection unit adopts a soil moisture monitoring station integrating multiple sensor components.

3. The crop irrigation automatic control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid storage unit specifically includes: a liquid storage tank and a water level gauge; the water level gauge is arranged at a set water level limit in the liquid storage tank; the liquid storage tank is also provided with a liquid filling port and a liquid outlet; the liquid filling port is used to add nutrient solution to the liquid storage tank; the liquid outlet is connected to the mixing tank for conveying nutrient solution.

4. The crop irrigation automatic control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The management control unit specifically includes: A data receiving module, used for receiving soil moisture data and the water level data and determining an irrigation mode; A first control signal determination module, configured to output a first control signal according to a corresponding set value when any one of the timed irrigation, cycle irrigation and remote irrigation is adopted, and use the first control signal as an output irrigation control instruction; a second control signal determination module, for determining the soil moisture data in the next period according to the soil moisture data and the soil moisture prediction model when the automatic irrigation is adopted, and outputting a second control signal if the soil moisture data in the next period is lower than a set threshold, and using the second control signal as an output irrigation control instruction; A mixing irrigation module, for mixing the nutrient solution and clean water in a mixing tank to a set concentration within a set time according to the irrigation control instruction, and then turning on the spraying assembly for irrigation; The early warning module is used to compare the water level data of the liquid storage tank with the set water level limit, and output an early warning signal when the water level data of the liquid storage tank is lower than the set water level limit.

5. The crop irrigation automatic control system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second control signal determination module specifically includes: Model training submodule, used to: Acquire training data; the training data includes historical soil moisture data sets and corresponding prediction results; Construct a pre-trained model; the pre-trained model includes a deformable convolutional network and a self-attention module connected in sequence; the deformable convolutional network includes a scale perception layer, a spatial perception layer, a deformable convolutional layer and a deformable pooling layer connected in sequence; the self-attention module includes an encoding module, a decoding module and a prediction module connected in sequence. Inputting the training data into the pre-trained model, training the model with the goal of minimizing the loss between the model output result and the prediction result, and determining the trained model as a soil moisture prediction model; A model updating submodule, used to update the historical soil moisture data set according to a set update time, and iteratively update the pre-trained model using the updated soil moisture data set, and use the updated model as a soil moisture prediction model for the next moment prediction; The model application submodule is used to make predictions using the soil moisture prediction model updated in the last iteration, and to compare the prediction results with the set thresholds to output corresponding control signals and irrigation control instructions.

6. The crop irrigation automatic control system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mixing irrigation module specifically includes: a mixing tank, an agitator, a concentration detection instrument, a controller and a spraying device; the mixing tank is connected to the liquid storage unit, the agitator is arranged at the bottom of the mixing tank, the concentration detection instrument is arranged in the middle of the mixing tank, and the controller is respectively connected to the agitator, the concentration detection instrument and the solenoid valve on the spraying device.

7. The crop irrigation automatic control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gateway unit includes an NB-IoT communication module; the NB-IoT communication module is used to connect the staff's mobile device with the back-end auxiliary decision-making unit in the intranet through the NB-IoT base station; the NB-IoT communication module also includes an NB-IoT base station enhancement device for enhancing the signal coverage range.

8. The crop irrigation automatic control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The remote display unit adopts at least one of a personal computer, a laptop computer, a smart phone, a tablet computer and a portable wearable device.

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