Statistical method for operation duration of load intervals of mixed-flow hydraulic turbine set

Abstract

The invention provides a statistical method for operation duration of each load interval of a mixed-flow hydraulic turbine set, relates to the technical field of hydroelectric generation, and solves the problems of large workload and easy generation of statistical deviation caused by dependence on manual calculation in the prior art. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring operation data of a mixed-flow water turbine set, and determining a plurality of operation states corresponding to the set according to a preset operation interval division standard; identifying the current running state of the unit according to the running data of the unit; when the unit is in any running state, a timing mechanism is started, and the accumulated running duration of the unit in the running state is continuously obtained; when the accumulated operation duration exceeds a preset threshold value, an early warning signal is triggered, and a worker is prompted to take corresponding measures; for a plurality of operation states of the unit, accumulated operation duration corresponding to each operation state is recorded and output outwards, and an operation duration statistical table is formed; according to the method, accurate and efficient statistics of the operation duration of each load of the hydraulic turbine set is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydropower generation, and is applied to a data recording process of a Francis turbine set, and in particular to a method for counting the operating time of each load interval of a Francis turbine set. Background Art

[0002] In modern hydropower stations, Francis turbines have become an ideal choice for wide application in medium and high head ranges due to their simple and compact structure, stable and efficient operation, and other remarkable features. However, this type of turbine also has certain limitations, especially the non-adjustability of its runner blades, which directly leads to the relatively narrow stable operating range of Francis turbines. When the turbine deviates from the optimal operating conditions, it will not only cause the water flow state in the runner and tailwater pipe to deteriorate and the efficiency to decrease, but also increase the vibration amplitude of the turbine, thereby causing damage to the equipment.

[0003] Given the characteristics of hydropower as a flexible and adjustable energy source, it is often required to take on the task of adjusting the load of the power grid at any time. This means that mixed-flow turbine units often need to operate under low-load conditions, and this operating condition is harmful to the turbine itself and will accelerate the aging and damage of the equipment. Therefore, in order to reduce damage to the turbine and ensure its long-term stable operation, power stations usually need to accurately count the operating time of the units under low-load conditions and reasonably allocate the low-load operating time of each unit accordingly. However, this process currently relies mainly on manual calculations, which is not only labor-intensive, but also prone to statistical errors, affecting the accuracy of subsequent decisions.

[0004] In order to better manage and optimize the operating status of the turbine, the industry usually divides the unit's operating range into three main parts: stable operating area, restricted operating area, and prohibited operating area (also known as vibration area). Among them, the stable operating area refers to the range of working conditions in which the unit can operate safely and stably for a long time; the restricted operating area refers to those operating conditions that can be operated but should not be in this state for a long time; and the prohibited operating area clearly identifies the working state that the unit should not enter, which will cause serious mechanical vibration and other adverse consequences. Through this division, it can help operators more intuitively understand the impact of different operating conditions on the turbine, so as to make more reasonable operation arrangements.

[0005] It can be seen that for Francis turbine units, it is particularly important to develop an accurate and efficient low-load operation time statistics method. This can not only help hydropower stations better manage the operating status of the units and reduce equipment damage caused by improper operation, but also improve the operating efficiency and economic benefits of the entire power station. Therefore, technicians in this field have already focused on this part. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of heavy workload and easy statistical deviation caused by manual calculation in the prior art, so a method for counting the operating time of each load interval of a mixed flow turbine unit is proposed. The present invention reads data packets such as the unit head and active power in real time after authorized access by the plant firewall, and automatically counts the low-load operating time of the unit and provides early warning according to the divided operating areas, so as to help the staff reasonably allocate the low-load operating time of the unit. The present invention thus realizes accurate and efficient statistics of the operating time of each load of the turbine unit.

[0007] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve the purpose:

[0008] A method for calculating the running time of each load interval of a Francis turbine unit, the method comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1. Obtaining operation data of a Francis turbine unit, and determining a plurality of operation states corresponding to the unit according to a preset operation interval division standard;

[0010] S2. Identifying the current operating state of the unit according to the operating data of the unit;

[0011] S3. When the unit is in any operating state, start the timing mechanism to continuously obtain the accumulated operating time of the unit in the operating state;

[0012] S4. When the accumulated running time exceeds the preset threshold, an early warning signal is triggered to prompt the staff to take corresponding measures;

[0013] S5. For the multiple operating states of the unit, the accumulated operating time corresponding to each operating state continuously acquired is recorded and outputted to form an operating time statistics table.

[0014] Specifically, in step S1, the operating data includes gross head data and active power data; the judgment conditions for the active power data include: the generator circuit breaker of the mixed flow turbine unit is closed, and the machine-end current is greater than zero; when all the judgment conditions are met, the corresponding data obtained is used as the active power data.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S1, based on the operating range division standard, the operating states of the mixed flow turbine unit include: being in a stable operating area, being in a restricted operating area, and being in a prohibited / vibration operating area; the multiple operating states of different mixed flow turbine units have different proportions when corresponding to their operating data.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S2, based on the operating data of the Francis turbine unit and the corresponding multiple operating states, it is determined in turn whether the unit is in the prohibited / vibration operating area, the restricted operating area and the stable operating area.

[0017] Preferably, in step S3, when the unit is in the prohibited / vibration operation zone, the first timer is triggered, and the first timer continuously obtains the cumulative operation time T1; when the cumulative operation time T1 is greater than the preset value Y1, the cumulative operation time T1 at this time is recorded and output; in step S4, when the continuously recorded and output cumulative operation time T1 is greater than the warning value X1, an external warning is triggered.

[0018] Preferably, in step S3, when the unit is in the restricted operating area, the second timer is triggered, and the second timer continuously obtains the cumulative operating time T2; when the cumulative operating time T2 is greater than the preset value Y2, the cumulative operating time T2 at this time is recorded and output; when the continuously recorded and output cumulative operating time T2 is greater than the warning value X2, an external warning is triggered.

[0019] Specifically, in step S3, when the unit is in the stable operation area, the third timer is triggered, and the third timer continuously obtains the accumulated operation time T3; the accumulated operation time T3 is recorded and output.

[0020] Specifically, when the Francis turbine unit is undergoing operation and maintenance, the corresponding accumulated operating time is reset manually or automatically through the reset function preset in the timer.

[0021] Preferably, in step S5, the staff monitors the operating status of the Francis turbine unit according to the operating time statistics table and determines the output adjustment plan of the unit.

[0022] The present invention also provides a system for counting the operating time of each load interval of a Francis turbine unit, and the system implements the aforementioned operating time counting method through the following modules:

[0023] A data acquisition module is used to obtain the gross water head data and active power data of the Francis turbine unit;

[0024] A state identification module is used to determine the operating state of the unit according to a preset operating range classification standard; the operating state includes: being in a stable operating area, being in a restricted operating area, and being in a prohibited / vibration operating area;

[0025] A timing module, used for starting a timing mechanism through a corresponding timer when the unit is in any operating state, and continuously obtaining the accumulated operating time of the unit in the operating state;

[0026] The early warning module is used to trigger an early warning signal when the cumulative running time exceeds the preset threshold, prompting the staff to take corresponding measures;

[0027] The statistical module is used to record and output the cumulative operating time of the unit in each operating state to form an operating time statistical table.

[0028] In summary, due to the adoption of this technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0029] The method of the present invention can automatically count the running time of the unit under low load, greatly reducing the burden on the staff. The whole process of the method can be carried out by a hardware system such as a computer. The automation method replaces the traditional manual calculation, which not only greatly reduces the required human resources, but also effectively avoids the statistical deviation caused by human factors, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the data.

[0030] In addition, the present invention is specially provided with an alarm function for the cumulative operation time in the vibration zone and the restricted operation zone. This function can automatically sound an alarm when the unit has been operating under these unfavorable conditions for a preset time, reminding the staff to take timely measures to adjust the output of the unit to avoid potential damage to the turbine caused by long-term operation under non-ideal conditions. In this way, it not only helps to protect the equipment from unnecessary wear and tear and extend its service life, but also improves the operating efficiency and safety of the entire hydropower station. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a general diagram of the overall process steps of the method of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 Detailed schematic diagram of the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0034] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] A method for calculating the operating time of a Francis turbine unit in each load interval. The overall process of this method can be found in Figure 1 The steps are summarized as follows:

[0037] S1. Obtaining operation data of a Francis turbine unit, and determining a plurality of operation states corresponding to the unit according to a preset operation interval division standard;

[0038] S2. Identifying the current operating state of the unit according to the operating data of the unit;

[0039] S3. When the unit is in any operating state, start the timing mechanism to continuously obtain the accumulated operating time of the unit in the operating state;

[0040] S4. When the accumulated running time exceeds the preset threshold, an early warning signal is triggered to prompt the staff to take corresponding measures;

[0041] S5. For the multiple operating states of the unit, the accumulated operating time corresponding to each operating state continuously acquired is recorded and outputted to form an operating time statistics table.

[0042] In this embodiment, the operating state of the Francis turbine unit corresponds to the respective timing mechanism, which can record the length of time the unit continues to run in this state until the state changes. On this basis, if the cumulative operating time exceeds the preset threshold, an early warning is triggered; the setting of this preset threshold is considered from a safety perspective, allowing the staff to take emergency measures such as adjusting the unit output in a timely manner. Finally, through the method of this embodiment, a statistical table of the unit's operating time can also be obtained for subsequent analysis.

[0043] The method of this embodiment is designed from the perspective of the automation system, which helps to improve the monitoring accuracy of the operating status of the Francis turbine unit, timely discover potential problems, optimize maintenance plans, thereby extending the service life of the equipment and ensuring the stable operation of the power system.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] Based on Example 1, this example introduces the details of each step in the method in detail, and the overall process formed by this can be referred to as Figure 2 's hint.

[0046] First, for step S1 of the method, the operating data includes gross head data and active power data. The gross head data of a Francis turbine unit refers to the vertical height difference data between the water levels at the inlet and outlet of the turbine unit, which is a basic parameter for measuring the available energy of the turbine unit. The active power data adopts the judgment conditions: the generator circuit breaker of the Francis turbine unit is closed, and the machine-end current is greater than zero; when all the judgment conditions are met, the corresponding data obtained is used as the active power data.

[0047] Similarly, in step S1, based on the operating range division standard, the operating state of the Francis turbine unit includes: being in a stable operating area, being in a restricted operating area, and being in a prohibited / vibration operating area; the multiple operating states of different Francis turbine units have different proportions when corresponding to their operating data. This classification of the present embodiment is based on the performance and safety considerations of the unit under different working conditions, and each area represents different operating conditions and requirements; among them, the prohibited / vibration operating area usually means that the unit is in a low-load operating state at this time and cannot operate stably.

[0048] For mixed-flow turbine units of different models or configurations, the frequency and duration of these operating states may be different during actual operation, that is, the proportion of each of them in the total operating time is different. This depends on many factors, such as the design characteristics of the unit, the operating environment, the maintenance level, etc. By counting and analyzing the distribution of these operating states, important reference information can be provided for the optimization of the unit's operation, fault prediction, and maintenance strategy formulation. This embodiment can determine the interval correspondence of the unit whose statistics are currently required through the operating interval division standard to ensure the accuracy of the statistical data.

[0049] In step S2 of the method, based on the operating data of the Francis turbine unit and the corresponding multiple operating states, it is determined in turn whether the unit is in a prohibited / vibration operating area, a restricted operating area, and a stable operating area. For an operating state of the unit, when it is determined that it is in one of the operating states, the following corresponding timing and early warning process is started, otherwise the next possible operating state is determined until it is determined that the unit is in a stable operating area.

[0050] In step S3 of the method, when the unit is in the prohibited / vibration operation zone, the first timer is triggered, and the first timer continuously obtains the accumulated operation time T1; when the accumulated operation time T1 is greater than the preset value Y1, the accumulated operation time T1 at this time is recorded and output; in step S4, when the accumulated operation time T1 continuously recorded and output is greater than the warning value X1, an external warning is triggered.

[0051] In step S3 of the method, when the unit is in the restricted operating area, the second timer is triggered, and the second timer continuously obtains the accumulated operating time T2; when the accumulated operating time T2 is greater than the preset value Y2, the accumulated operating time T2 at this time is recorded and output; when the accumulated operating time T2 that is continuously recorded and output is greater than the warning value X2, an external warning is triggered.

[0052] In this embodiment, the reason why there are preset values ​​Y1 and Y2 to correspond to the judgment of the prohibited / vibration operation zone and the restricted operation zone is that the unit needs to run for a period of time when entering the prohibited / vibration operation zone and the restricted operation zone before it can be actually determined to be in the prohibited / vibration and restricted operating conditions. However, once it is determined that it has indeed entered, the cumulative operating time required for statistics can be recorded according to the time point when the timing is first triggered, that is, when it is judged that the unit is in the corresponding area.

[0053] The warning value X1 and the warning value X2 can be set according to the operating and maintenance conditions of the unit. When the external warning is triggered, the staff can adjust the unit output in time under the prompt to avoid the unit running in an unstable operating condition for a long time.

[0054] In step S3 of the method, when the unit is in a stable operation zone, a third timer is triggered, and the third timer continuously obtains the accumulated operation time T3; the accumulated operation time T3 is recorded and output.

[0055] In this embodiment, when the Francis turbine unit is undergoing operation and maintenance, the corresponding accumulated operating time is reset manually or automatically through the reset function preset in the timer.

[0056] Finally, in step S5 of the method, the staff monitors the operating status of the Francis turbine unit according to the operating time statistics table and determines the output adjustment plan of the unit.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] On the basis of the above embodiments, this embodiment provides a system for counting the operating time of each load interval of a Francis turbine unit. The system can implement the operating time counting method described in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 through the following modules:

[0059] A data acquisition module is used to obtain the gross water head data and active power data of the Francis turbine unit;

[0060] A state identification module is used to determine the operating state of the unit according to a preset operating range classification standard; the operating state includes: being in a stable operating area, being in a restricted operating area, and being in a prohibited / vibration operating area;

[0061] A timing module, used for starting a timing mechanism through a corresponding timer when the unit is in any operating state, and continuously obtaining the accumulated operating time of the unit in the operating state;

[0062] The early warning module is used to trigger an early warning signal when the cumulative running time exceeds the preset threshold, prompting the staff to take corresponding measures;

[0063] The statistical module is used to record and output the cumulative operating time of the unit in each operating state to form an operating time statistical table.

[0064] In this embodiment, the system has a processor and a memory. Based on the unified processing and control of the above-mentioned functional modules by the processor, the computer program corresponding to the operation time statistics method can be stored in the memory. When the processor executes this computer program, after the relevant functions and data processing processes are performed by each functional module, the operation time statistics method of each load interval of the mixed flow turbine unit can be realized.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the running time of each load interval of a Francis turbine unit, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1. Obtaining operation data of a Francis turbine unit, and determining a plurality of operation states corresponding to the unit according to a preset operation interval division standard; S2. Identifying the current operating state of the unit according to the operating data of the unit; S3. When the unit is in any operating state, start the timing mechanism to continuously obtain the accumulated operating time of the unit in the operating state; S4. When the accumulated running time exceeds the preset threshold, an early warning signal is triggered to prompt the staff to take corresponding measures; S5. For the multiple operating states of the unit, the accumulated operating time corresponding to each operating state continuously acquired is recorded and outputted to form an operating time statistics table.

2. The method for counting the operating time of each load interval of a Francis turbine unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S1, the operation data includes gross water head data and active power data; The judgment conditions of active power data include: the generator circuit breaker of the Francis turbine unit is closed, and the machine-end current is greater than zero; When all the judgment conditions are met, the corresponding data obtained is used as active power data.

3. The method for counting the operating time of each load interval of a Francis turbine unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, based on the operating range division standard, the operating status of the Francis turbine unit includes: being in a stable operating area, being in a restricted operating area, and being in a prohibited / vibrating operating area; the multiple operating states of different Francis turbine units have different proportions when corresponding to their operating data.

4. The method for counting the operating time of each load interval of a Francis turbine unit according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In step S2, based on the operation data of the Francis turbine unit and the corresponding multiple operation states, it is determined in turn whether the unit is in the prohibited / vibration operation area, the restricted operation area and the stable operation area.

5. The method for counting the operating time of each load interval of a Francis turbine unit according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In step S3, when the unit is in the prohibited / vibration operation zone, the first timer is triggered, and the first timer continuously obtains the cumulative operation time T1; when the cumulative operation time T1 is greater than the preset value Y1, the cumulative operation time T1 at this time is recorded and output; in step S4, when the continuously recorded and output cumulative operation time T1 is greater than the warning value X1, an external warning is triggered.

6. The method for counting the operating time of each load interval of a Francis turbine unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S3, when the unit is in the restricted operating area, the second timer is triggered, and the second timer continuously obtains the cumulative operating time T2; when the cumulative operating time T2 is greater than the preset value Y2, the cumulative operating time T2 at this time is recorded and output; when the continuously recorded and output cumulative operating time T2 is greater than the warning value X2, an external warning is triggered.

7. The method for counting the operating time of each load interval of a Francis turbine unit according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In step S3, when the unit is in the stable operation area, the third timer is triggered, and the third timer continuously obtains the accumulated operation time T3; the accumulated operation time T3 is recorded and output.

8. The method for counting the operating time of each load interval of a Francis turbine unit according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: When the Francis turbine unit is undergoing operation and maintenance, the corresponding accumulated operating time is reset manually or automatically through the reset function preset in the timer.

9. The method for counting the operating time of each load interval of a Francis turbine unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the staff monitors the operating status of the Francis turbine unit according to the operating time statistics table and determines the output adjustment plan of the unit.

10. A system for counting the operating time of each load interval of a Francis turbine unit, characterized in that: The system implements the running time statistics method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 through the following modules: A data acquisition module is used to obtain the gross water head data and active power data of the Francis turbine unit; A state identification module is used to determine the operating state of the unit according to a preset operating range classification standard; the operating state includes: being in a stable operating area, being in a restricted operating area, and being in a prohibited / vibration operating area; A timing module, used for starting a timing mechanism through a corresponding timer when the unit is in any operating state, and continuously obtaining the accumulated operating time of the unit in the operating state; The early warning module is used to trigger an early warning signal when the cumulative running time exceeds the preset threshold, prompting the staff to take corresponding measures; The statistical module is used to record and output the cumulative operating time of the unit in each operating state to form an operating time statistical table.

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