Switching device and energy storage system

Abstract

The invention discloses a switching device and an energy storage system, the switching device is used for a charging and discharging circuit, the charging and discharging circuit comprises a main loop and a pre-charging circuit, and the main loop comprises at least two branches; comprising first switches which are respectively arranged corresponding to each branch and are used for being connected to the corresponding branch; the second switch is used for being connected with the pre-charging circuit in parallel, and the second switch is further used for being connected with one of the first switches in series to a branch where the first switch is located; the first switch and the second switch are connected or disconnected according to a set sequence. The switching device provided by the invention has the advantages of fewer devices, simpler structure and control logic, lower cost and reduced occupied space while meeting the control function of the charging and discharging circuit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of switch technology, and in particular to a switch device and an energy storage system. Background Art

[0002] In the current energy storage system, each battery cluster will have a high-voltage box to control the charging and discharging of the battery. The working voltage of the high-voltage box in the industry ranges from 1000VDC to 2000VDC, and the working current ranges from 200A to 400A. The high-voltage box usually includes an isolating switch, two main contactors and a pre-charge circuit contactor with a series resistor. The positive and negative poles will be short-circuited by fuses and current monitored by Hall sensors.

[0003] The traditional high-voltage box electrical circuit control switch adopts a solution of two main contactors, one pre-charge contactor and one isolating switch. It requires more components, larger installation space, cumbersome assembly and more complex control logic.

[0004] To this end, a new type of high-voltage box has emerged in the prior art, which integrates the functions of the switch components in the traditional high-voltage box and only includes two main contactors and two pre-charge contactors, reducing a certain amount of volume and cost. However, this new type of high-voltage box still has the following shortcomings: on the one hand, it requires four contactors and at least two sets of drive mechanisms, so the required devices are still relatively large and occupy a large space; on the other hand, it connects two pre-charge contactors in parallel to the two main contactors, which means that the pre-charge contactor and the main contactor need to have the isolation capability of 1000VDC to 2000VDC working voltage at the same time, but due to space limitations, the electrical clearance of the pre-charge contactor is difficult to meet safety requirements. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a switch device and an energy storage system, which, through structural improvement, can meet the control function of the charging and discharging circuit while achieving the purpose of simplifying the structure, reducing costs and meeting safety requirements.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a switch device for a charging and discharging circuit, wherein the charging and discharging circuit includes a main circuit and a pre-charging circuit, and the main circuit includes at least two branches; including:

[0007] A first switch is provided for each branch, and the first switch is used to connect to the corresponding branch;

[0008] A second switch, the second switch is used to be connected in parallel with the pre-charging circuit, and the second switch is also used to be connected in series with one of the first switches on the branch where the one of the first switches is located;

[0009] The first switch and the second switch are closed or opened in a set order.

[0010] Furthermore, the first switches are arranged in linkage to be closed or opened synchronously; and a driving mechanism is also included, which connects the first switch and the second switch to drive the first switch and the second switch to be closed or opened in a set order.

[0011] The driving mechanism includes a driving shaft, a first driving wheel for linking the opening and closing of the first switch, and a second driving wheel for linking the opening and closing of the second switch. The first driving wheel is coaxially fixed to the driving shaft, and the second driving wheel is sleeved outside the driving shaft, and an idle stroke is provided between the second driving wheel and the first driving wheel and / or the driving shaft, so that the driving shaft controls the rotation of the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel in a timed sequence.

[0012] Furthermore, the driving mechanism also includes a first driven wheel and a second driven wheel, the first driving wheel is connected to the first driven wheel so that the first driven wheel rotates and drives the first switch to be closed or opened; the second driving wheel is connected to the second driven wheel so that the second driven wheel rotates and drives the second switch to be closed or opened.

[0013] Furthermore, the first driving wheel, the second driving wheel, the first driven wheel and the second driven wheel are gears respectively, the first driving wheel is meshed with the first driven wheel, and the second driving wheel is meshed with the second driven wheel; the inner hole of the second driving wheel is provided with a stroke groove, and the first driving wheel and / or the driving shaft are provided with a limiting convex portion corresponding to the stroke groove, and the limiting convex portion is rotatably engaged in the stroke groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the first switch includes a first moving contact, a first static contact and a first actuator, and the first moving contact contacts or separates from the first static contact under the drive of the first actuator; the second switch includes a second moving contact, a second static contact and a second actuator, and the second moving contact contacts or separates from the second static contact under the drive of the second actuator; the driving mechanism also includes a motor for driving the rotating shaft to rotate, and the driving mechanism also includes a first energy storage component and a second energy storage component, the first driven wheel stores energy by rotating to link with the first energy storage component, and the first energy storage component drives the first actuator to rotate by releasing the stored energy, so that the first switch is closed or opened; the second driven wheel stores energy by rotating to link with the second energy storage component, and the second energy storage component drives the second actuator to rotate by releasing the stored energy, so that the second switch is closed or opened.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a switch assembly, which includes a first auxiliary switch and a second auxiliary switch driven by the first actuator, and a third auxiliary switch and a fourth auxiliary switch driven by the second actuator, the first auxiliary switch and the third auxiliary switch are respectively used to control the running stop timing of the motor, the second auxiliary switch is used to indicate the opening and closing state of the first switch, and the fourth switch is used to indicate the opening and closing state of the second switch.

[0016] Furthermore, the first actuator includes a first contact support and a first cam coaxially connected, and the first energy storage component is arranged between the first driven wheel and the first cam; the first stationary contact is provided with two, and the first moving contact is provided on the first contact support, and as the first contact support rotates, the two ends of the first moving contact are respectively in contact with or separated from the two first stationary contacts;

[0017] The second actuator comprises a coaxially connected second contact support and a second cam, the second energy storage assembly is arranged between the second driven wheel and the second cam; the second static contacts are provided with two, the second moving contact is arranged on the second contact support, and as the second contact support rotates, the two ends of the second moving contact are respectively in contact with or separated from the two second static contacts;

[0018] The two second stationary contacts are respectively provided with pre-charging pins, and one of the second stationary contacts is integrally formed with or electrically connected to one of the first stationary contacts to form a common part; a heat sink is also included, which is connected to the common part.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes an arc extinguishing component arranged corresponding to the first static contact, the arc extinguishing component includes an arc extinguishing body and an arc isolation member arranged in linkage with the first actuator, as the first moving contact contacts or separates from the first static contact, the arc isolation member is located at an avoidance position or a separation position, and the arc isolation member physically separates the first moving contact from the first static contact at the separation position, and the arc isolation member avoids the first moving contact at the avoidance position; the arc extinguishing body is located on a side of the arc isolation member at the separation position away from the avoidance position, and the arc isolation member pushes the arc to move toward the arc extinguishing body when moving toward the separation position.

[0020] Furthermore, the driving mechanism also includes a motor for driving the rotating shaft to rotate, one end of the driving shaft can be driven to rotate by human power, and the driving mechanism also includes a control component for controlling whether the circuit where the motor is located is conductive or not; the control component includes a control switch connected in series with the motor, and the control switch is driven to close or open by an operable control component; it also includes a shell component, and the first switch, the second switch, and the driving mechanism are respectively arranged in the shell component; the shell component is provided with a first clearance hole corresponding to one end of the driving shaft, and the shell component is provided with a second clearance hole suitable for the control component to be operated.

[0021] Furthermore, two indicators are provided in the shell component, one of which is used to indicate the opening and closing state of the first switch and is linked to the first switch, and the other is used to indicate the opening and closing state of the second switch and is linked to the second switch; the indicator is provided with different first indication marks corresponding to the closed state and the open state of the first switch or the second switch, respectively, and the shell component is provided with a first observation part corresponding to each indicator, and each indicator makes the corresponding first indication mark enter the range of the first observation part as the opening and closing state of the first switch or the second switch is switched.

[0022] Furthermore, the control member is slidingly and / or rotatably arranged in the shell component so that the control member can be switched to different positions. The control member has a first position and a second position. In the first position, the control member is blocked between one end of the active shaft and the first clearance hole, and the control switch is closed; when the control member is in the second position, there is no blockage between one end of the active shaft and the first clearance hole, and the control switch is disconnected; the control member also has a third position, and when the control member is in the third position, the control member is blocked between one end of the active shaft and the first clearance hole, and the control switch is disconnected; the shell component is also provided with a locking member that can be pushed and pulled from the second clearance hole, and the locking member is pulled out when the control member is in the third position, and limits the control member from switching to the first position or the second position.

[0023] Furthermore, the control member is provided with different second indication marks corresponding to each position thereof, and the housing member is provided with a second observation area, and when the control member is switched to different positions, the corresponding second indication mark enters the second observation area. The locking member is provided with a hanging hole for connecting a padlock.

[0024] Furthermore, the motor is connected to the driving shaft through a gear transmission assembly, and the gear transmission assembly includes a main gear arranged on the driving shaft; the control member is provided with a clamping block, and the clamping block clamps the main gear when it is in the third position.

[0025] Furthermore, the branch circuit is set to two, the two branches are respectively a main positive branch and a main negative branch; a pre-charging resistor is connected to the pre-charging circuit; the first switch is set to two; the first switch and the second switch are closed or opened successively.

[0026] The present invention further provides an energy storage system, comprising a charging and discharging circuit, the charging and discharging circuit comprising a main circuit and a pre-charging circuit, the main circuit comprising at least two branches; and further comprising a switching device as described in the present invention above, wherein the second switch is connected in parallel with the pre-charging circuit and is connected in series with one of the first switches on a branch corresponding to one of the first switches; and the remaining first switches are respectively connected to the corresponding branches.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. The switch device of the present invention includes the first switch and the second switch, and the first switch and the second switch are closed or disconnected in a set order, so that the switch device of the present invention can meet the basic control function of the charging and discharging circuit, and the number of switches of the switch device of the present invention is less, so the structure and control logic of the present invention are simpler, the overall structure is more compact, the occupied space is greatly reduced, and the cost is greatly reduced. In particular, the first switch is connected in series with the second switch, and the first switch is disconnected before the second switch, so that the second switch does not have the arc extinguishing function, thereby further simplifying the structure, which is conducive to reducing the overall volume and cost.

[0029] 2. As a preferred embodiment, each first switch is linked to each other to detect faults, avoid safety problems caused by faulty operation, and enable the switch device of the present invention to drive each first switch and second switch in steps / sequences with only one set of driving mechanisms, thereby further simplifying the structure and reducing costs. In particular, the driving mechanism includes the driving shaft and the motor, and the large stroke characteristics of the motor can be used to achieve the large action stroke requirement of the first switch, so that the electrical distance of the first switch in the disconnected state can meet the specified safety isolation distance. The present invention cleverly arranges the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel on the driving shaft, and arranges an idle stroke between the second driving wheel and the driving shaft and / or the first driving wheel, and utilizes the idle stroke to realize the first switch and the second switch to be closed or disconnected in sequence, so that the structure of the driving mechanism is relatively simple, while ensuring the stability and reliability of the driving mechanism.

[0030] 3. The arrangement of the first energy storage component and the second energy storage component enables the present invention to realize instantaneous connection and disconnection of the first switch and the second switch, thereby avoiding the adverse effect of long contact arc burning time caused by the slow running speed of the motor.

[0031] 4. The arc-isolating member is provided to lengthen the electrical gap of the first switch of the present invention, and to increase the overvoltage that the contacts can withstand, thereby greatly improving the safety of the system. The arc-isolating member cooperates with the arc-extinguishing body to greatly improve the arc-extinguishing effect of the first switch.

[0032] 5. The driving shaft can be driven to rotate by human power, making the present invention convenient for workers to perform on-site inspection and maintenance, etc. The setting of the control component allows workers to use the control component to lock the motor when performing on-site manual operation to prevent the motor from being accidentally powered on, thereby making it safer and more reliable for workers to perform on-site manual operation. In particular, the control component of the control component has multiple positions, and a locking component is further provided, which greatly improves the safety and reliability of the present invention.

[0033] 6. The setting of the indicator allows the staff on site to intuitively see the current open and closed status of the first switch and the second switch, thereby providing favorable protection for the staff to conduct on-site maintenance.

[0034] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments; however, a switch device and an energy storage system of the present invention are not limited to the embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 is a connection schematic diagram of the switch device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2-1 is an exploded schematic diagram of the switch device of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2-2 yes Figure 2-1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of

[0038] Figure 3 The three-dimensional structure diagram of the switch device of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 (Partial)

[0039] Figure 4 Schematic diagram 2 of the three-dimensional structure of the switch device of the present invention (partial embodiment);

[0040] Figure 5 The three-dimensional structure diagram of the switch device of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 3 (Reflection of the local);

[0041] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first switch and the first energy storage component in the combined state of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0042] Figure 7 is a second schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first switch and the first energy storage component in a combined state of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 The three-dimensional structure diagram of the switch device of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 4 (Reflection of the local);

[0044] Fig. 9The three-dimensional structure diagram of the switch device of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 5 (Reflection of the local);

[0045] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the control member of the present invention clamping the main gear;

[0046] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first indicator of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.12 The three-dimensional structure diagram of the switch device of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 6 ;

[0048] Fig.13 The three-dimensional structure diagram of the switch device of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 7 ;

[0049] Fig.14 The three-dimensional structure diagram of the switch device of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 8 (Reflection of the local);

[0050] Fig.15 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the arc isolation member of the present invention;

[0051] Fig.16 The three-dimensional structure diagram of the switch device of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 9 (Reflection of the local);

[0052] Fig.17 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first switch and the second switch of the present invention in the disconnected state;

[0053] Fig.18 It is a structural schematic diagram of the driving mechanism of the present invention when the first switch and the second switch are disconnected;

[0054] Fig.19 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the driving mechanism of the present invention during the closing process. Figure 1 ;

[0055] Fig. 20 Schematic diagram 2 of the state of the driving mechanism of the present invention during the closing process;

[0056] Fig.21 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the driving mechanism of the present invention during the closing process. Figure 3 ;

[0057] Fig. 22 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the driving mechanism of the present invention during the closing process. Figure 4 ;

[0058] Fig.23 It is a schematic diagram of the state of the driving mechanism of the present invention when the switch is closed;

[0059] Fig.24 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first switch and the second switch of the present invention in a closed state;

[0060] Fig.25 The state diagram of the driving mechanism of the present invention during the opening process is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0061] Fig.26 Schematic diagram 2 of the state of the driving mechanism of the present invention during the opening process;

[0062] Fig. 27 The state diagram of the driving mechanism of the present invention during the opening process is shown in FIG. Figure 3 ;

[0063] Fig.28 The state diagram of the driving mechanism of the present invention during the opening process is shown in FIG. Figure 4 ;

[0064] In the figure, 1, first switch; 11, first moving contact part; 111, first contact support; 112, first moving contact; 113, first gear; 13, first cam; 14, cover plate; 131, second arc hole; 12, first stationary contact; 2, second switch; 21, second moving contact part; 211, first contact support; 212, second moving contact; 22, second stationary contact; 23, second cam; 24, pre-charge pin; 3, drive mechanism; 31 , motor; 32, driving shaft; 321, limiting convex part; 322, first operating hole; 33, first driving wheel; 34, second driving wheel; 341, travel groove; 35, first driven wheel; 351, first arc hole; 36, second driven wheel; 37, first energy storage assembly; 371, energy storage driving wheel; 372, energy storage spring; 373, movable rod; 374, top rod; 375, support; 38, second energy storage assembly; 39, gear transmission assembly; 3 91. Main gear; 4. Arc extinguishing body; 41. Arc extinguishing grid; 42. First permanent magnet; 43. Second permanent magnet; 44. Third permanent magnet; 5. Arc isolation member; 51. Second gear; 52. Opening; 6. Radiator; 7. Switch assembly; 71. First auxiliary switch; 72. Second auxiliary switch; 73. Third auxiliary switch; 74. Fourth auxiliary switch; 8. Indicator; 81. Rotating shaft; 82. Indicator block; 83. First driving foot; 84. Second driving foot Foot; 85, torsion spring; 9, control component; 91, control switch; 92, control component; 921, second operating hole; 93, locking component; 931, hanging hole; 94, card block; 10, shell component; 101, first clearance hole; 102, second clearance hole; 103 / 104, observation hole; 105, control port; 106, exhaust hole; 107, heat dissipation hole; 20, operating handle; 30, main control board; 40, battery pack; 50, power inverter system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] In the present invention, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish similar objects, rather than to describe a specific order or sequence, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0066] See also Figure 1-Figure 28 As shown, a switch device of the present invention is used for a charging and discharging circuit of an energy storage system, the charging and discharging circuit includes a main circuit and a pre-charging circuit, the main circuit includes at least two branches, and the current of the main circuit is a large current, and the current of the pre-charging circuit is a small current. The large current is the rated working current, which is usually greater than or equal to 100A, but not limited to this, and the small current is less than the rated working current, which is usually less than 100A, but not limited to this. The switch device of the present invention includes:

[0067] A first switch 1 is provided corresponding to each branch, and the first switch 1 is used to be connected to the corresponding branch;

[0068] A second switch 2, the second switch 2 is used to be connected in parallel with the pre-charging circuit, and the second switch 2 is also used to be connected in series with one of the first switches 1 on the branch where the one of the first switches 1 is located;

[0069] The first switch 1 and the second switch 2 are closed or opened in a set order. Specifically, the first switch 1 and the second switch 2 are closed or opened one after another. That is, when the switch device needs to be closed, the first switch 1 is closed first and the second switch 2 is closed later; when the switch device needs to be opened, the first switch 1 is opened first and the second switch is opened later.

[0070] The first switches are arranged in linkage to be closed or opened synchronously. The present invention also includes a driving mechanism, which connects the first switch 1 and the second switch 2 to drive the first switch 1 and the second switch 2 to be closed or opened in a set order, that is, to drive the first switch 1 and the second switch 2 to be closed or opened successively. The present invention also includes a shell component 10, and the first switch 1, the second switch 2, and the driving mechanism 3 are respectively arranged in the shell component 10; the shell component 10 is specifically composed of a plurality of parts and serves as a supporting carrier for the first switch 1, the second switch 2, the driving mechanism 3, etc., and as an appearance part of the switch device. In this embodiment, if Figure 1As shown, the main circuit has two branches, which are respectively a main positive branch and a main negative branch. The main positive branch is a circuit connected between the positive electrode of the battery pack 40 of the energy storage system and the positive electrode of the power inverter system 50, and the main negative branch is a circuit connected between the negative electrode of the battery pack 40 and the negative electrode of the power inverter system 50; a pre-charging resistor R1 is connected to the pre-charging circuit; two first switches 1 are provided, and one of the first switches 1 is connected to the driving mechanism 3. In other embodiments, the main circuit is an AC return, in which case, its branches are set to two or more.

[0071] The first switch 1 and the second switch 2 are contact switches respectively, and the driving mechanism 3 includes a driving shaft 32, a motor 31 for driving the driving shaft 32 to rotate, a first driving wheel 33 for linking the first switch 1 to open and close, and a second driving wheel 34 for linking the second switch 2 to open and close. The first driving wheel 33 is coaxially fixed with the driving shaft 32, and the second driving wheel 34 is sleeved outside the driving shaft 32, and an idle stroke is provided between the second driving wheel 34 and the first driving wheel 33 and / or the driving shaft 32, so that the driving shaft 32 controls the rotation of the first driving wheel 33 and the second driving wheel 34 in a timed manner, thereby realizing the first switch 1 and the second switch 2 to be closed or disconnected in sequence. Specifically, the inner hole of the second driving wheel 34 is provided with a stroke groove 341, and the first driving wheel 33 and / or the driving shaft 32 are provided with a limiting convex portion 321 corresponding to the stroke groove 341, and the limiting convex portion 321 is rotated and matched in the stroke groove 341, and the idle stroke is realized by the limiting convex portion 321 moving between the two ends of the stroke groove 341 in the circumferential direction. In this embodiment, the number of travel grooves 341 is two and they are arranged opposite to each other, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0072] The driving mechanism 3 further includes a first driven wheel 35 and a second driven wheel 36. The first driving wheel 33 is connected to the first driven wheel 35 provided on the first driven wheel 35 in a transmission manner so that the first driven wheel 35 rotates and drives the first switch 1 to be closed or opened; the second driving wheel 34 is connected to the second driven wheel 36 provided on the second driven wheel 36 in a transmission manner so that the second driven wheel 36 rotates and drives the second switch 2 to be closed or opened. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the first driving wheel 33, the second driving wheel 34, the first driven wheel 35, and the second driven wheel 36 are gears respectively, the first driving wheel 33 is meshed with the first driven wheel 35, and the second driving wheel 34 is meshed with the second driven wheel 36.

[0073] The drive mechanism 3 of the present invention further includes a first energy storage component 37 and a second energy storage component 38. The first driven wheel 35 stores energy by rotating the first energy storage component 37, and the first energy storage component 37 drives the first switch 1 to close or open by releasing the stored energy; the second driven wheel 36 stores energy by rotating the second energy storage component 38, and the second energy storage component 38 drives the second switch 2 to close or open by releasing the stored energy. In this way, the instantaneous connection and disconnection of the first switch 1 and the second switch 2 can be achieved, avoiding the adverse effect of the long contact arc burning time caused by the slow running speed of the motor 31.

[0074] The power source of the first energy storage assembly 37 and the second energy storage assembly 38 is the motor 31, so the motor power is required to be relatively large, but the motor with large power is also larger in size. Due to space limitations, the present invention uses the principle of a reducer to design a reduction motor. The reduction motor uses multi-stage gears for deceleration, which increases the output torque while ensuring the speed of the last stage of gears. Therefore, the motor 31 of the present invention is connected to the driving shaft 32 through a gear transmission assembly 39, and the gear transmission assembly 39 includes a main gear 391 arranged on the driving shaft 32.

[0075] The first switch 1 includes a first moving contact 112, a first stationary contact 12 and a first actuator. The first moving contact 112 contacts or separates from the first stationary contact 12 under the drive of the first actuator. The first moving contact 112 and the first actuator are combined to form the first moving contact part 11. The second switch includes a second moving contact 212, a second stationary contact 22 and a second actuator. The second moving contact 212 contacts or separates from the second stationary contact 22 under the drive of the second actuator. The second moving contact 212 and the second actuator are combined to form the second moving contact part 21. The first energy storage component 37 is arranged between the first driven wheel 35 and the first actuator, and an idle stroke is respectively provided between the first driven wheel 35 and the first actuator; the first energy storage component 37 drives the first actuator to rotate by releasing the stored energy, so that the first switch 1 is closed or opened. The second energy storage component 38 is arranged between the second driven wheel 36 and the second actuator, and an idle stroke is respectively arranged between the second driven wheel 36 and the second actuator. The second energy storage component 38 drives the second actuator to rotate by releasing the stored energy, so that the second switch 2 is closed or opened. In this embodiment, the first actuator includes a first contact support 111 and a first cam 13 fixed coaxially, two first static contacts 12 are provided, and the first moving contact 112 is provided on the first contact support 111. As the first contact support 111 rotates, the two ends of the first moving contact 112 are respectively in contact with or separated from the two first static contacts 12. The first cam 13 is located on the side of the first contact support 111 facing the first energy storage component 37, so the first energy storage component 37 is arranged between the first cam 13 and the first driven wheel 35.

[0076] There are two first moving contacts 112, which are arranged side by side along the direction of the active axis of the first contact support 111, and there is a gap between the two first moving contacts 112. A contact spring is arranged between at least one first moving contact 112 and the first contact support 111, and the contact spring can cause the two first moving contacts 112 to clamp the two first static contacts 12.

[0077] The second actuator includes a coaxially fixed second contact support 211 and a second cam 23, two second stationary contacts 22 are provided, and a second moving contact 212 is provided on the second contact support 211. As the second contact support 211 rotates, the two ends of the second moving contact 212 respectively contact or separate with the two second stationary contacts 22. The second cam 13 is located on the side of the first contact support 111 facing the second energy storage assembly 38, so the second energy storage assembly 38 is provided between the second cam 23 and the second driven wheel 36.

[0078] The two second static contacts 22 are respectively provided with pre-charge pins 24, such as Fig.14 As shown, it is used to be connected in parallel with the pre-charging circuit, and one of the second static contacts 22 is integrally formed or electrically connected with one of the first static contacts 12 to form a common static contact, so as to realize the series connection of the first switch 1 and the second switch 2. In this embodiment, one of the second static contacts 22 is integrally formed with one of the first static contacts 12 as an example, which is conducive to reducing costs and reducing volume. Similarly, the second moving contact part 21 and the second moving contact 212 are also set to two.

[0079] like Figure 6 , Figure 7As shown, the first energy storage assembly 37 specifically includes an energy storage driving wheel 371 and at least one movable component, the movable component includes a movable rod 373, a push rod 374 and an energy storage spring 372, the energy storage driving wheel 371 is located between the first driven wheel 35 and the first cam, and the energy storage driving wheel 371, the first driven wheel 35 and the first cam 13 are on the same axis, the first driven wheel 35 corresponding to the movable component is provided with a first arc hole 351 concentrically arranged with the first driven wheel 35, and the first cam 13 corresponding to the movable component is provided with a first arc hole 351 concentrically arranged with the first cam 13 The second arc hole 131 is provided, the push rod 374 is provided on the energy storage driving wheel 371, and one end of the push rod 374 is adapted to slide in the first arc hole 351 of the first driven wheel 35, and the other end of the push rod 374 is adapted to slide in the second arc hole 131 of the first cam 13; the movable rod 373 is rotatably and slidably provided on a support 375 located outside the energy storage driving wheel 371, and one end of the movable rod 373 is movably connected to the push rod 374, and the energy storage spring 372 is sleeved on the movable rod 373 and matched between the push rod 374 and the support 375. In this embodiment, there are two movable parts, and the two movable parts are separated and located on opposite sides of the energy storage driving wheel 371. Accordingly, there are two first arc holes 351 and two second arc holes 131, respectively. Therefore, when the first driven wheel 35 rotates, the first driven wheel 35 can drive the energy storage driving wheel 371 to rotate, so that the energy storage spring 372 stores energy. When the energy storage spring 372 releases the stored energy, it drives the first cam 13 to rotate, thereby closing or opening the first switch 1, that is, making the first moving contact part 11 contact or separate from the static contact part.

[0080] Specifically, the detailed working process of the first energy storage component 37 is as follows:

[0081] The first driven wheel 35 rotates in the closing direction of the first switch 1. When one end of the first arc-shaped hole 351 on the first driven wheel 35 hits the push rod 374, as the first driven wheel 35 continues to rotate, the first driven wheel 35 drives the energy storage driving wheel 371 to rotate together, so that the movable rod 373 is pushed to rotate and move to the outside of the energy storage driving wheel 371, and compresses the energy storage spring 372 to realize energy storage; then, the first driven wheel 35 continues to drive the energy storage driving wheel 371 to rotate a small angle until the movable rod 373 turns to a position where the energy storage spring 372 releases the stored energy. During this process, the push rod 374 slides along the second arc-shaped hole 131 of the first cam 13, and the first cam 13 remains stationary. When the movable rod 373 rotates to a position where the energy storage spring 372 releases the stored energy, the energy storage spring 372 on the movable rod 373 releases the stored energy, pushing the energy storage driving wheel 371 to rotate rapidly along the closing direction of the first switch 1, and the energy storage driving wheel 371 drives the first cam 13 to rotate together, thereby closing the first switch 1. In the process of the energy storage spring 372 releasing the stored energy, the first driven wheel 35 continues to rotate, but the rotation speed of the first driven wheel 35 is slower than that of the energy storage driving wheel 371, and there is a certain idle stroke between the two, so the rotation of the first driven wheel 35 and the rotation of the energy storage driving wheel 371 do not interfere with each other.

[0082] The first driven wheel 35 rotates in the direction in which the first switch 1 is disconnected. When the other end of the first arc-shaped hole 351 on the first driven wheel 35 hits the push rod 374, as the first driven wheel 35 continues to rotate, the first driven wheel 35 drives the energy storage driving wheel 371 to rotate together, so that the movable rod 373 is pushed to rotate and move to the outside of the energy storage driving wheel 371, and compresses the energy storage spring 372 to achieve energy storage; then, the first driven wheel 35 continues to drive the energy storage driving wheel 371 to rotate a small angle until the movable rod 373 turns to a position where the energy storage spring 372 releases the stored energy; during this process, the push rod 374 slides along the second arc-shaped hole 131 of the first cam 13, and the first cam 13 remains stationary. When the movable rod 373 is rotated to the position where the energy storage spring 372 releases the energy, the energy storage spring 372 on the movable rod 373 releases the energy, pushing the energy storage drive wheel 371 to rotate rapidly in the direction of disconnecting the first switch 1, and the energy storage drive wheel 371 drives the first cam 13 to rotate together, thereby disconnecting the first switch 1. The structure of the second energy storage assembly 38 is consistent or basically consistent with the structure and working principle of the first energy storage assembly 37, and will not be repeated here.

[0083] like Figure 8As shown, the present invention further includes a switch assembly 7, which includes a first auxiliary switch 71 and a second auxiliary switch 72 linked with the first switch 1, and a third auxiliary switch 73 and a fourth auxiliary switch 74 linked with the second switch 2. The first auxiliary switch 71 and the third auxiliary switch 73 are respectively used with the motor 31 to control the operation stop timing of the motor 31, the second auxiliary switch 72 is used to indicate the on / off state of the first switch 1, and the fourth auxiliary switch 74 is used to indicate the on / off state of the second switch 2. In this embodiment, the first auxiliary switch 71, the second auxiliary switch 72, the third auxiliary switch 73, and the fourth auxiliary switch 74 are respectively self-resettable micro switches, and the first auxiliary switch 71 and the second auxiliary switch 72 are driven by the first moving contact portion 11 of the first switch 1; the third auxiliary switch 73 and the fourth auxiliary switch 74 are respectively driven by the second moving contact portion 21 of the second switch 2. Specifically, the first auxiliary switch 71 and the second auxiliary switch 72 are driven by the first cam 13, and the third auxiliary switch 73 and the fourth auxiliary switch 74 are driven by the second cam 23.

[0084] In this embodiment, two indicators 8 are provided in the shell part 10, one of which is used to indicate the on / off state of the first switch 1 and is linked to the first switch 1, and the other is used to indicate the on / off state of the second switch 2 and is linked to the second switch 2. The indicator 8 is provided with different first indication marks corresponding to the closed state and the open state of the first switch 1 / the second switch 2, respectively. The shell part 10 is provided with a first observation part corresponding to each indicator 8, and each indicator 8 switches the corresponding first indication mark into the observation range of the corresponding first observation part as the on / off state of the first switch 1 or the second switch 2 is switched. The first observation part is specifically a first observation hole 103, as shown in FIG. Fig.12 , Fig.13 As shown, but not limited to this, in other embodiments, the first observation hole 103 can be replaced by a transparent observation window.

[0085] like Fig.11As shown, the indicator 8 includes a rotating shaft 81 and an indicator block 82. The axis of the rotating shaft 81 is parallel to the axis of the driving shaft 32. The indicator block 82 is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft 81 and is close to the corresponding observation hole 104. Two different first indicator marks are arranged on the indicator block 82. As the rotating shaft 81 rotates, one of the first indicator marks on the indicator block 82 enters the range of the first observation hole 104 to indicate the current open or closed state of the first switch 1 or the second switch 2. The driving part is arranged at the other end of the rotating shaft 81, and the driving part of one of the indicator members 8 is linked with the first moving contact part 11 of the first switch 1, specifically driven by the first cam 13, and the driving part of the other indicator member 8 is driven by the second cam 23. A reset member is arranged between the indicator member 8 and the housing part 10, so that the indicator member 8 can automatically reset after the driving part of the indicator member 8 is released. The reset member includes an elastic member, which is specifically a torsion spring 85 sleeved on the rotating shaft 81, but is not limited thereto. The two indicator members 8 are made by the same set of molds, and in order for the two indicator members 8 to be effectively driven respectively, the driving part includes a first driving foot 83 and a second driving foot 84, the first driving foot 83 and the second driving foot 84 respectively extend along the outer side of the rotating shaft 81, and an angle is formed between the first driving foot 83 and the second driving foot 84, so that the first driving foot 83 and the second driving foot 84 are roughly V-shaped, and in particular, the tail end of the first driving foot 83 is bent in a direction away from the second driving foot 84. The first driving foot 83 of one indicator member 8 is driven by the first cam 13, and the second driving foot 84 of the other indicator member 8 is driven by the second cam 23. In this way, the two indicator members 8 can be made by the same set of molds, which is conducive to reducing production costs. In addition, because the tail end of the first driving foot 83 is bent in a direction away from the second driving foot 84, the first driving foot 83 and the second driving foot 84 can each effectively cooperate with the corresponding switch when the angle is relatively small, and there will be no interference, which is conducive to reducing the occupied space.

[0086] As a preferred embodiment, one end of the driving shaft 32 can be driven to rotate by human power, and the driving mechanism 3 further includes a control component 9 for controlling whether the circuit where the motor 31 is located is turned on or off. The control component 9 specifically includes a control switch 91 and a control member 92 connected in series with the motor 31. The control switch 91 is specifically a self-resetting micro switch, and is driven to close or open by the operable control member 92. Fig.12 , Fig.13As shown, the housing component 10 is provided with a first clearance hole 101 at one end corresponding to the driving shaft 32, and the housing component 10 is provided with a second clearance hole 102 suitable for the control member 92 to be operated. One end of the driving shaft 32 is located in the housing component 10 and is provided with a non-circular first operating hole 322. The present invention also includes an operating handle 20 that can be received in the housing component 10. The operating handle 20 is generally L-shaped, and one end of the operating handle 20 is used to pass through the first clearance hole 101 and be inserted into the first operating hole 322 to drive the driving shaft 32 to rotate. In other embodiments, one end of the driving shaft 32 extends out of the first clearance hole 101 of the housing component 10.

[0087] In this embodiment, the control member 92 has a main structure in the shape of a long plate, which is slidably arranged in the shell part 10 so that the control member 92 can be switched to different positions. The control member 92 has a first position, a second position, and a third position. In the first position, the control member 92 is blocked between one end of the active shaft 32 and the first clearance hole 101, and the control switch 91 is closed; in the second position, there is no obstruction between one end of the active shaft 32 and the first clearance hole 101. At this time, the through hole 921 set on the control member 92 is opposite to the active shaft 32 and the first clearance hole 101, and the control switch 91 is disconnected; when the control member 92 is in the third position, the control member 92 is blocked between one end of the active shaft 32 and the first clearance hole 10, and the control switch 91 is disconnected. The housing part 10 is also provided with a locking member 93 that can be pushed and pulled from the second clearance hole 102. The locking member 93 is pulled out when the control member 92 is in the third position and limits the control member 92 from switching to the first position or the second position. The locking member 93 is provided with a hanging hole 931 for connecting a padlock. Under the limit of the padlock, the locking member 93 cannot be pushed into the housing part 10. The control member 92 is provided with a clamping block 94, which clamps the main gear 391 when the control member 92 is in the third position.

[0088] The control member 92 is provided with different second indication marks corresponding to each position thereof, and the housing member 10 is provided with a second observation part. When the control member is switched to a different position, the corresponding second indication mark enters the second observation part. The second observation part is specifically a second observation hole 104, such as Fig.12 , Fig.13 As shown, but not limited to this, in other embodiments, the second observation hole 104 can be replaced by a transparent observation window. The first indicator mark and the second indicator mark can be implemented in different colors or fonts.

[0089] The first switch 1 of the present invention is provided with an arc extinguishing assembly, which includes an arc extinguishing body 4 and an arc isolating member 5 arranged in linkage with the first actuator. As the first moving contact 112 contacts or separates from the first static contact 12, the arc isolating member 5 is located at an avoidance position or a separation position, and the arc isolating member 5 physically separates the first moving contact 112 from the first static contact 12 at the separation position, and the arc isolating member 5 avoids the first moving contact 112 at the avoidance position; the arc extinguishing body 4 is located at a side of the arc isolating member 5 away from the avoidance position at the separation position, and the arc isolating member 5 pushes the arc to move toward the arc extinguishing body 4 when moving to the separation position. There are two arc extinguishing assemblies, and the two arc extinguishing assemblies correspond to the two first static contacts 12 one by one. The first moving contact part 11 is connected to the arc isolating member 5 through a toothed transmission structure. Specifically, the toothed transmission structure includes a first gear 113 provided on the first contact support 111 and a second gear 51 provided on the arc isolating member 5, and the first gear 113 is meshed with the second gear 51.

[0090] like Fig.14 As shown, the arc extinguishing body 4 includes a plurality of arc extinguishing grids 41 spaced apart along the rotation direction of the arc isolation member 5, and the side of the arc extinguishing body 4 facing the arc isolation member 5 is arranged in an arc shape along the rotation direction of the arc isolation member 5. The side of the arc extinguishing body 4 facing away from the arc isolation member 5 and the two sides in the axial direction of the arc isolation member 5 are respectively provided with positions for optional permanent magnets to achieve non-polarity magnetic blowing. Specifically, the arc extinguishing body 4 is provided with a first permanent magnet 42 on the side facing away from the arc isolation member 5, the arc extinguishing body 4 is provided with a second permanent magnet 43 on one side in the axial direction of the arc isolation member 5, and the arc extinguishing body 4 is provided with a third permanent magnet 44 on the other side in the axial direction of the arc isolation member 5, the magnetic pole of the first permanent magnet 42 facing the inside of the arc extinguishing body 4 is a magnetic pole of opposite name to the magnetic pole of the second permanent magnet 43 facing the inside of the arc extinguishing body 4, and the magnetic pole of the third permanent magnet 44 facing the inside of the arc extinguishing body 4 is a magnetic pole of the same name as the magnetic pole of the second permanent magnet 43 facing the inside of the arc extinguishing body 4. The housing part 10 is provided with an exhaust port 106 leading to the outside, and the exhaust port 106 is located on the side of the arc extinguishing body 4 facing away from the arc isolation member 5. Fig.16 As shown, it is used to increase the pressure gradient and form high-pressure air blowing.

[0091] like Fig.15As shown, the arc-isolating member 5 is a hollow cover structure, and at a separated position, it encloses the first static contact 12 for cooperating with the first moving contact 112, and its appearance is roughly fan-shaped, and one of the two sides where the central angle is located is closed, and the other side is provided with an opening 52, so that the first static contact 12 can enter and exit the arc-isolating member 5. During the disconnection process of the first switch 1, the arc-isolating member 5 rotates synchronously, gradually separating the first moving contact 112 from the first static contact 12, and at the same time, pushes the arc between the contacts to move in the direction of the arc extinguishing body 4, cutting the arc into a short arc, which helps to quickly extinguish the arc. The arc-isolating member 5 can use a gas-generating material, and the gas-generating material includes one of nylon, POM plastic, etc., and the generated gas is more likely to push the arc to move quickly. In order to prevent the unextinguished arc from being connected to the adjacent first static contact 12 after the first switch 1 is disconnected, a cover plate 14 is added to the first static contact 12, thereby increasing the arc path.

[0092] In this embodiment, if Fig.14 As shown, a heat sink 6 is also provided in the shell component 10 for dissipating heat for the first switch 1 and / or the second switch 2, and the shell component 10 is provided with heat dissipation holes 107. Since the first switch 1 and the second switch 2 share a large number of static contact points, the load current passing through is also large, and the heat generated at the intermediate connection is large, therefore, the static contact shared by the first switch 1 and the second switch 2 is connected to the heat sink 6 by riveting or welding, etc., and the heat generated by the shared static contact is dissipated to the internal space of the shell component 10 through the heat sink 6, so that the heat of the shared static contact is reduced, and the occurrence of overheating and oxidation of the contact, and the heat transfer to the external terminal, etc., is avoided, and the service life of the product is greatly improved. The present invention opens a plurality of heat dissipation holes 107 around the shell component 10, which can discharge the heat dissipated by the heat sink 6 to the outside in time, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the heat sink 6.

[0093] In this embodiment, a main control board 30 is further provided in the housing component 10, and the main control board 30 is electrically connected to the motor 31 to control whether the motor 31 is running or not. The first auxiliary switch 71 and the third auxiliary switch 73 are electrically connected to the main control board 30 respectively to send an electrical signal to the main control board 30, and control whether the motor 31 is allowed to stop or not through the main control board 30. The housing component 10 is provided with a control port 105 corresponding to the main control board 30, so that the main control board 30 is electrically connected to the control system of the energy storage system through the control port 105.

[0094] A switch device of the present invention, when used, connects the other first static contact 12 of one of the first switches 1 and the other second static contact 22 of the second switch 2 to the main positive branch, connects the two first static contacts 12 of the other first switch 1 to the main negative branch, and connects the two pre-charging pins 24 of the second switch 2 to the two ends of the pre-charging circuit respectively.

[0095] The initial state of the present invention is as follows Fig.17 , Fig.18 As shown, at this time, the first moving contact 112 is separated from the two first static contacts 12 , the second moving contact 212 is separated from the two second static contacts 22 , and the arc isolation member 5 is blocked between the first moving contact 112 and the first static contact 12 .

[0096] When the main circuit needs to be closed, the motor 31 is started, and the motor 31 drives the driving shaft 32 and the first driving wheel 33 to rotate in the direction of closing the first switch 1 through the gear transmission component 39. The first driving wheel 33 drives the first driven wheel 35 to rotate in the direction of closing the first switch 1, so that the first energy storage component 37 gradually stores energy. Fig.19 During this process, since there is an idle stroke between the second driving wheel 34 and the first driving wheel 33, the second driving wheel 34 does not rotate.

[0097] When the energy storage spring 372 of the first energy storage assembly 37 reaches the dead point position (i.e., the position where the energy storage spring 372 is about to release the stored energy), the first driving wheel 33 also completes the idle stroke relative to the second driving wheel 34, so that the limiting protrusion 321 abuts against one end of the stroke groove 341 of the second driving wheel 34 in the circumferential direction. Fig. 20 As the first driving wheel 33 continues to rotate, the energy storage spring 372 of the first energy storage assembly 37 releases the stored energy, driving the first moving contact part 11 to rotate rapidly until the two ends of the first moving contact 112 are respectively in contact with the two first static contacts 12, so that the first switch 1 is closed; during the rotation of the first moving contact part 11, the arc isolation member 5 rotates in the opposite direction, so that the part of the first static contact 12 used to cooperate with the first moving contact 112 is exposed, so as to facilitate contact with the first moving contact 112, as shown in FIG. Fig.21 In this process, the second driving wheel 34 also rotates under the drive of the first driving wheel 33, so that the second energy storage assembly 38 gradually stores energy, but the rotation amount of the second driving wheel 34 is not enough to make the energy storage spring of the second energy storage assembly 38 reach the dead point position. After the first switch 1 is closed, the motor 31 stops running, so that the driving shaft 32 and the first driving wheel 33 and the second driving wheel 34 thereon stop rotating.

[0098] After the first switch 1 is closed, the pre-charging circuit is turned on, and the pre-charging circuit charges the capacitive or quasi-capacitive load such as the capacitor through the pre-charging resistor R1. When the current drops to a certain level, the battery management system detects that the voltage difference of the battery pack is balanced, and the motor 31 runs again, driving the driving wheel and the first driving wheel 33 and the second driving wheel 34 thereon to continue to rotate in the direction of closing the first switch 1 until the energy storage spring of the second energy storage component 38 reaches the dead point position, such as Fig. 22As the second driving wheel 34 continues to rotate, the energy storage spring of the second energy storage assembly 38 releases the stored energy, driving the second moving contact part 21 to rotate rapidly until the two ends of the second moving contact 212 are respectively in contact with the two second static contacts 22, so that the second switch 2 is closed. Fig.23 , Fig.24 As shown, the pre-charging circuit is short-circuited and the main circuit enters a normal working state. In this process, since there is an idle stroke between the first driving wheel 33 and the first energy storage assembly 37, the rotation of the first driving wheel 33 will not affect the state of the first switch 1, that is, the first switch 1 remains in a closed state.

[0099] When the main circuit needs to be disconnected, the motor 31 is started, and the motor 31 drives the driving shaft 32 and the first driving wheel 33 to rotate in the direction of disconnecting the first switch 1 through the gear transmission component 39. The first driving wheel 33 drives the first driven wheel 35 to rotate in the direction of disconnecting the first switch 1, so that the first energy storage component 37 gradually stores energy. Fig.25 During this process, since there is an idle stroke between the second driving wheel 34 and the first driving wheel 33, the second driving wheel 34 does not rotate.

[0100] When the energy storage spring 372 of the first energy storage assembly 37 reaches the dead point, the first driving wheel 33 also completes the idle stroke relative to the second driving wheel 34, so that the limiting protrusion 321 abuts against one end of the stroke groove 341 of the second driving wheel 34 in the circumferential direction. Fig.26 As the first driving wheel 33 continues to rotate, the energy storage spring 372 of the first energy storage assembly 37 releases the stored energy, driving the first moving contact part 11 to rotate rapidly until the two ends of the first moving contact 112 are separated from the two first static contacts 12, disconnecting the first switch 1 and thus disconnecting the main circuit. During the rotation of the first moving contact part 11, the arc isolation member 5 rotates in the opposite direction until the first static contact 12 is separated from the first moving contact 112, as shown in FIG. Fig. 27 In this process, the second driving wheel 34 also rotates under the drive of the first driving wheel 33, so that the second energy storage assembly 38 gradually stores energy, but the rotation amount of the second driving wheel 34 is not enough to make the energy storage spring of the second energy storage assembly 38 reach the dead point position.

[0101] When the energy storage spring of the second energy storage assembly 38 reaches the dead point position (such as Fig.28 As shown in FIG. 1 , as the second driving wheel 34 continues to rotate, the energy storage spring of the second energy storage assembly 38 releases the stored energy, driving the second moving contact part 21 to rotate rapidly until the two ends of the second moving contact 212 are separated from the two second static contacts 22, respectively, so that the second switch 2 is disconnected, thereby canceling the short-circuited pre-charging circuit. At this time, the entire switch device returns to the state shown in FIG. Fig.17 , Fig.18In this process, since there is an idle stroke between the first driving wheel 33 and the first energy storage assembly 37, the rotation of the first driving wheel 33 will not affect the state of the first switch 1, that is, the first switch 1 remains in the off state.

[0102] Therefore, compared with the prior art, a switch device of the present invention has fewer components, simpler structure and control logic, lower cost, and less occupied space while meeting the control function of the charging and discharging circuit of the energy storage system.

[0103] An energy storage system of the present invention includes a charging and discharging circuit, the charging and discharging circuit includes a main circuit and a pre-charging circuit, the main circuit includes at least two branches; and also includes a switch device as described above, the second switch 2 is connected in parallel with the pre-charging circuit, and is connected in series with one of the first switches 1 on the branch corresponding to one of the first switches 1; the remaining first switches 1 are connected to the corresponding branches respectively. In this embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the main circuit has two branches, namely the main positive branch and the main negative branch, and the pre-charging circuit is connected with a pre-charging resistor R1; and the first switches 1 are two. In other embodiments, the main circuit is an AC return circuit, in which case, the main circuit has two or more branches.

[0104] Regarding the structure and working principle of the switch device, please refer to the previous description thereof, which will not be repeated here.

[0105] The switch device and energy storage system of the present invention, the unrelated parts are the same as the prior art or can be implemented by using the prior art.

[0106] The above embodiments are only used to further illustrate a switch device and an energy storage system of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A switch device for a charge-discharge circuit, wherein the charge-discharge circuit comprises a main circuit and a pre-charge circuit, wherein the main circuit comprises at least two branches; characterized in that: include: A first switch is provided for each branch, and the first switch is used to connect to the corresponding branch; A second switch, the second switch is used to be connected in parallel with the pre-charging circuit, and the second switch is also used to be connected in series with one of the first switches on the branch where the one of the first switches is located; The first switch and the second switch are closed or opened in a set order.

2. The switch device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first switches are arranged in linkage to be closed or opened synchronously; and a driving mechanism is also included, which connects the first switch and the second switch to drive the first switch and the second switch to be closed or opened in a set order.

3. The switch device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a driving shaft, a first driving wheel for linking the opening and closing of the first switch, and a second driving wheel for linking the opening and closing of the second switch. The first driving wheel is coaxially fixed to the driving shaft, and the second driving wheel is sleeved outside the driving shaft, and an idle stroke is provided between the second driving wheel and the first driving wheel and / or the driving shaft, so that the driving shaft controls the rotation of the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel in a timed sequence.

4. The switch device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving mechanism also includes a first driven wheel and a second driven wheel, wherein the first driving wheel is connected to the first driven wheel so that the first driven wheel rotates and drives the first switch to be closed or opened; and the second driving wheel is connected to the second driven wheel so that the second driven wheel rotates and drives the second switch to be closed or opened.

5. The switch device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first driving wheel, the second driving wheel, the first driven wheel and the second driven wheel are gears respectively. The first driving wheel is meshed with the first driven wheel, and the second driving wheel is meshed with the second driven wheel. The inner hole of the second driving wheel is provided with a stroke groove, and the first driving wheel and / or the driving shaft are provided with a limiting convex portion corresponding to the stroke groove, and the limiting convex portion is rotatably matched in the stroke groove.

6. The switch device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first switch includes a first moving contact, a first static contact and a first actuator, and the first moving contact contacts or separates from the first static contact under the drive of the first actuator; the second switch includes a second moving contact, a second static contact and a second actuator, and the second moving contact contacts or separates from the second static contact under the drive of the second actuator; the driving mechanism also includes a motor for driving the rotating shaft to rotate, and the driving mechanism also includes a first energy storage component and a second energy storage component, the first driven wheel stores energy by rotating to link with the first energy storage component, and the first energy storage component drives the first actuator to rotate by releasing the stored energy, so that the first switch is closed or opened; the second driven wheel stores energy by rotating to link with the second energy storage component, and the second energy storage component drives the second actuator to rotate by releasing the stored energy, so that the second switch is closed or opened.

7. The switch device according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a switch assembly, which includes a first auxiliary switch and a second auxiliary switch driven by the first actuator, and a third auxiliary switch and a fourth auxiliary switch driven by the second actuator, the first auxiliary switch and the third auxiliary switch are respectively used to control the operation stop timing of the motor, the second auxiliary switch is used to indicate the open and closed state of the first switch, and the fourth switch is used to indicate the open and closed state of the second switch.

8. The switch device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The first actuator comprises a first contact support and a first cam fixed coaxially, the first energy storage assembly is arranged between the first driven wheel and the first cam; the first stationary contact is provided with two, the first moving contact is arranged on the first contact support, and as the first contact support rotates, two ends of the first moving contact are respectively in contact with or separated from the two first stationary contacts; The second actuator comprises a coaxially fixed second contact support and a second cam, the second energy storage assembly is arranged between the second driven wheel and the second cam; the second static contacts are provided with two, the second moving contact is arranged on the second contact support, and as the second contact support rotates, the two ends of the second moving contact are respectively in contact with or separated from the two second static contacts; The two second stationary contacts are respectively provided with pre-charging pins, and one of the second stationary contacts is integrally formed with or electrically connected to one of the first stationary contacts to form a common part; a heat sink is also included, which is connected to the common part.

9. The switch device according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes an arc extinguishing component arranged corresponding to the first static contact, the arc extinguishing component includes an arc extinguishing body and an arc isolation member arranged in linkage with the first actuator, as the first moving contact contacts or separates from the first static contact, the arc isolation member is located at an avoidance position or a separation position, and the arc isolation member physically separates the first moving contact from the first static contact at the separation position, and the arc isolation member avoids the first moving contact at the avoidance position; the arc extinguishing body is located on a side of the arc isolation member at the separation position away from the avoidance position, and the arc isolation member pushes the arc to move toward the arc extinguishing body when moving toward the separation position.

10. The switch device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving mechanism also includes a motor for driving the rotating shaft to rotate, one end of the driving shaft can be driven to rotate by human power, and the driving mechanism also includes a control component for controlling whether the circuit where the motor is located is turned on or off; the control component includes a control switch connected in series with the motor, and the control switch is driven to close or open by an operable control component; it also includes a shell component, and the first switch, the second switch, and the driving mechanism are respectively arranged in the shell component; the shell component is provided with a first clearance hole corresponding to one end of the driving shaft, and the shell component is provided with a second clearance hole suitable for the control component to be operated.

11. The switch device according to claim 10, characterized in that: Two indicators are provided in the shell component, one of which is used to indicate the opening and closing state of the first switch and is linked to the first switch, and the other is used to indicate the opening and closing state of the second switch and is linked to the second switch; the indicator is provided with different first indication marks corresponding to the closed state and the open state of the first switch or the second switch, respectively, and the shell component is provided with a first observation part corresponding to each indicator, and each indicator makes the corresponding first indication mark enter the range of the first observation part as the opening and closing state of the first switch or the second switch is switched.

12. The switch device of the battery charging and discharging circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that: The control member is slidably and / or rotatably arranged in the shell component, so that the control member switches to different positions. The control member has a first position and a second position. When in the first position, the control member blocks one end of the active shaft and the first clearance hole, and the control switch is closed; when the control member is in the second position, there is no obstruction between one end of the active shaft and the first clearance hole, and the control switch is disconnected; the control member also has a third position, and when the control member is in the third position, the control member blocks one end of the active shaft and the first clearance hole, and the control switch is disconnected; the shell component is also provided with a locking member that can be pushed and pulled from the second clearance hole. The locking member is pulled out when the control member is in the third position, and limits the control member from switching to the first position or the second position.

13. The switch device of the battery charging and discharging circuit according to claim 12, characterized in that: The control member is provided with different second indication marks corresponding to each position thereof, and the housing component is provided with a second observation area, and when the control member is switched to different positions, the corresponding second indication mark enters the second observation area. The locking member is provided with a hanging hole for connecting a padlock.

14. The switch device according to claim 12, characterized in that: The motor is connected to the driving shaft through a gear transmission assembly, and the gear transmission assembly includes a main gear arranged on the driving shaft; the control member is provided with a clamping block, and the clamping block clamps the main gear when in the third position.

15. The switch device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The branch circuit is set to two, and the two branches are respectively a main positive branch and a main negative branch; a pre-charging resistor is connected to the pre-charging circuit; the first switch is set to two; the first switch and the second switch are closed or opened successively.

16. An energy storage system, comprising a charge-discharge circuit, the charge-discharge circuit comprising a main circuit and a pre-charge circuit, the main circuit comprising at least two branches; characterized in that: It also includes a switching device as described in any one of claims 1-15, wherein the second switch is connected in parallel with the pre-charging circuit and is connected in series with one of the first switches on a branch corresponding to one of the first switches; and the remaining first switches are respectively connected to corresponding branches.

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