Aerogel fiber material for removing aldehyde and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of purification materials, in particular to an aerogel fiber material for removing formaldehyde and a preparation method thereof.The aerogel fiber material for removing formaldehyde comprises a fiber net and an aerogel foam layer loaded on the fiber net, and the density of the fiber net is 0.05-0.3 g / cm < 3 >. The aerogel fiber material for removing formaldehyde has a good formaldehyde removal effect, and the problem of secondary pollution caused by formaldehyde desorption can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of purification materials, and in particular to a formaldehyde-removing aerogel fiber material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Formaldehyde is a common indoor environmental pollutant that is carcinogenic and irritating. Related technologies provide methods for removing formaldehyde, including activated carbon adsorption, photocatalytic degradation, and the like.

[0003] However, the formaldehyde removal methods provided by related technologies still have the problems of low removal efficiency and easy desorption leading to secondary pollution. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an aerogel fiber material for removing formaldehyde and a preparation method thereof. The aerogel fiber material for removing formaldehyde can improve the efficiency of formaldehyde removal and improve the problem of secondary pollution caused by desorption. The preparation method of the material is simple, easy to operate, and convenient for large-scale production.

[0005] The present invention is achieved in that:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an aerogel fiber material for removing formaldehyde, comprising:

[0007] The fiber net has a density of 0.05 to 0.3 g / cm 3 ;as well as,

[0008] An aerogel foam layer is supported on at least one side of the fiber web.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the raw material for preparing the fiber web includes hollow fibers, and the hollowness of the hollow fibers is 5 to 40%;

[0010] The aerogel foam layer and / or the fiber web are loaded with amino acids.

[0011] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a formaldehyde-removing aerogel fiber material, comprising:

[0012] The aerogel foam material is loaded on at least one side of the fiber web; wherein the density of the fiber web is 0.05 to 0.3 g / cm 3 .

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the method for preparing the aerogel foam material comprises: mixing an aerogel paste, a resin and a foaming agent; and the foaming degree of the aerogel foam material is 10 to 250%.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the mass percentage of the aerogel paste is 2-40%; the mass percentage of the resin is 59.5-95%; and the mass percentage of the foaming agent is 0.5-3%.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the method for preparing the aerogel paste comprises: mixing aerogel powder with an aqueous surfactant solution.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the mass percentage of the surfactant is 0.5-2%; the weight ratio of the surfactant aqueous solution to the aerogel powder is 1:(1.1-1.6).

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the raw materials used to prepare the fiber web include hollow fibers, and the hollowness of the hollow fibers is 5 to 40%.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the aerogel foam material and / or the fiber web is loaded with amino acids.

[0019] In alternative embodiments, the amino acids include basic amino acids.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the formaldehyde-removing aerogel fiber material of the present invention include: the formaldehyde-removing aerogel fiber material of the present invention comprises a fiber web and an aerogel foam layer loaded on the fiber web, wherein the aerogel in the aerogel foam layer has nano-scale voids and has an ultra-high specific surface area (specific surface area up to 1000m 2 / g), providing a large number of active sites for the adsorption of formaldehyde. In addition, due to the high porosity of aerogel, it provides an ideal channel for the diffusion and adsorption of molecules, which can effectively improve the adsorption and removal efficiency of formaldehyde. The utilization density is 0.05-0.3g / cm 3 The fiber mesh as a loading substrate can further increase the overall specific surface area of ​​the formaldehyde-removing aerogel fiber material, and provide additional space for the loading of the aerogel foam layer, thereby promoting the diffusion and adsorption of formaldehyde molecules, effectively improving the adsorption and removal effect of formaldehyde, and effectively reducing secondary pollution. At the same time, the fiber mesh can also be used to ensure the mechanical strength of the formaldehyde-removing aerogel fiber material and improve its durability.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the preparation method of the formaldehyde-removing aerogel fiber material of the present invention include: the formaldehyde-removing aerogel fiber material prepared by the preparation method of the present invention can provide a large number of active sites for the adsorption of formaldehyde by using aerogels with ultra-high specific surface area, and because the aerogels have high porosity, they provide ideal channels for the diffusion and adsorption of molecules, which can effectively improve the adsorption and removal efficiency of formaldehyde; at the same time, the formaldehyde-removing aerogel fiber material with a density of 0.05 to 0.3 g / cm 3The fiber net as a loading substrate can further increase the specific surface area of ​​the aerogel fiber material for removing formaldehyde, and provide additional space for the loading of the aerogel foam layer, promote the diffusion and adsorption of formaldehyde molecules, effectively improve the adsorption and removal effect of formaldehyde, and effectively reduce secondary pollution. The use of the fiber net can also improve the mechanical strength of the aerogel fiber material for removing formaldehyde and improve its durability. Moreover, the preparation method is simple, easy to operate, and convenient for large-scale production. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. If the specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments used is not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0023] The present invention discloses an aerogel fiber material for removing formaldehyde, which comprises a fiber web and an aerogel foam layer, wherein the density of the fiber web is 0.05 to 0.3 g / cm 3 (For example: 0.05g / cm 3 , 0.1g / cm 3 , 0.15g / cm 3 , 0.2g / cm 3 , 0.25g / cm 3 , 0.3g / cm 3 The aerogel foam layer is loaded on at least one side of the fiber web, that is, the aerogel foam layer can be loaded on one side or both sides of the fiber web.

[0024] The aerogel in the aerogel foam layer is an ultra-light material with a nanoscale pore structure and an ultra-high specific surface area (specific surface area up to 1000m 2 / g), providing a large number of active sites for the adsorption of formaldehyde. In addition, due to the high porosity of aerogel (up to 99%), it provides an ideal channel for the diffusion and adsorption of molecules, which can effectively improve the adsorption and removal efficiency of formaldehyde. The utilization density is 0.05-0.3g / cm 3 The fiber mesh as a loading substrate can further increase the overall specific surface area of ​​the formaldehyde-removing aerogel fiber material, and provide additional space for the loading of the aerogel foam layer, thereby promoting the diffusion and adsorption of formaldehyde molecules, effectively improving the adsorption and removal effect of formaldehyde, and effectively reducing secondary pollution; at the same time, the fiber mesh can also be used to ensure the mechanical strength of the formaldehyde-removing aerogel fiber material and improve its durability; the fiber mesh also has good chemical stability and good resistance to a variety of chemical substances, which can improve the corrosion resistance of the formaldehyde-removing aerogel fiber material, thereby effectively extending the service life of the formaldehyde-removing aerogel fiber material.

[0025] It should be noted that aerogel also has ultra-low density characteristics, with a density of 0.003-0.15g / cm 2 ; The use of aerogel can ensure that the overall weight of the formaldehyde-removing aerogel fiber material is light, so as to ensure that the formaldehyde-removing aerogel fiber material has a wider application.

[0026] It should also be noted that aerogel is modifiable, that is, the surface of aerogel is easy to be functionally modified, which is beneficial to further improve the formaldehyde adsorption capacity of formaldehyde-removing aerogel fiber materials by modifying aerogel.

[0027] Optionally, the aerogel foam layer is loaded with amino acids, and the amino group (-NH2) in the amino acids can undergo a rapid nucleophilic addition reaction with formaldehyde, which can effectively reduce formaldehyde, and the reaction product of amino acids and formaldehyde is stable and not prone to reverse reaction, ensuring a long-term formaldehyde removal effect, that is, it can effectively improve the secondary pollution problem caused by formaldehyde desorption, that is, it can effectively improve the problem of adsorption saturation caused by simple adsorption of formaldehyde, and can bring certain antibacterial properties; amino acids are highly selective for formaldehyde and will not have a significant effect on other non-target substances. As a naturally occurring substance in organisms, amino acids also have extremely high biosafety.

[0028] Optionally, the amino acids include basic amino acids, such as lysine and arginine. Basic amino acids have stronger amino group activity and better aldehyde removal efficiency.

[0029] Of course, in other embodiments, the amino acid may also be histidine, alanine or other amino acids.

[0030] Optionally, the preparation material of the fiber mesh includes hollow fibers, such as polyester hollow fibers. Hollow fibers can further increase the specific surface area of ​​the aerogel fiber material for formaldehyde removal, effectively providing additional space for the loading of aerogel and amino acids, which is beneficial to increase the loading amount of aerogel and amino acids to improve the formaldehyde removal efficiency. The use of hollow fibers can provide micron-scale voids, which, combined with the nano-scale voids provided by aerogels, can form a gradient pore size distribution to achieve rapid adsorption, diffusion and slow release of formaldehyde, that is, the formaldehyde adsorption efficiency is greater than the efficiency of formaldehyde release, which can effectively improve the problem of secondary pollution caused by formaldehyde desorption; moreover, this mixed structure of micron-scale voids and nano-scale voids can minimize the air flow on the surface of the material to improve the material's adsorption capacity for formaldehyde, so as to further improve the formaldehyde removal capacity, and even in a low concentration of formaldehyde environment, it can also exert a good formaldehyde removal effect.

[0031] Furthermore, the hollowness of the hollow fiber is 5-40%, for example: 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, etc., which are not specifically limited here. Optimizing the hollowness of the hollow fiber provides sufficient loading space for aerogel and amino acids on the one hand, and ensures good adsorption effect and mechanical strength on the other hand, which is conducive to improving the durability of the aerogel fiber material for removing formaldehyde.

[0032] Of course, the preparation material of the fiber web may also include non-hollow fibers, such as ordinary polyester fibers, polyolefin fibers, polyamide fibers, cotton fibers, hemp fibers, and kapok fibers, etc., which are not specifically limited here.

[0033] It should be noted that various fiber materials are easy to synthesize and have low cost, and can be used to prepare formaldehyde-removing materials, which can effectively reduce costs.

[0034] It should be understood that in some embodiments, amino acids may also be loaded onto the fiber web.

[0035] Optionally, the fineness of the fibers used to prepare the fiber web is 1-5 deniers, for example: 1 denier, 2 denier, 3 denier, 4 denier, 5 denier, etc., which is not specifically limited here.

[0036] The preparation method of the fiber web includes but is not limited to preparing it by needle punching or hydroentanglement using fiber raw materials.

[0037] The present disclosure also provides a method for preparing formaldehyde-removing aerogel fiber material, comprising: loading an aerogel foam material on at least one side of a fiber web; wherein the method for loading the aerogel foam material on the fiber web specifically comprises: immersing the fiber web in an aerogel foam material impregnation liquid, then removing excess impregnation liquid by means of an extrusion roller, etc., and drying to form an aerogel foam layer on at least one side of the fiber web, or coating the aerogel foam material impregnation liquid on the fiber web, and then interfering to form an aerogel foam layer on at least one side of the fiber web.

[0038] Optionally, amino acids are added to the impregnation liquid so that the aerogel foaming material is loaded with amino acids; wherein the amount of amino acids added to the impregnation liquid is 5-50%, that is, the mass percentage of amino acids is 5-50% of the total weight of the impregnation liquid and amino acids.

[0039] It should be understood that when the aerogel foaming material containing amino acids is loaded on the fiber web, at least part of the amino acids is equivalent to being directly loaded on the fiber web.

[0040] Of course, in other embodiments, the amino acid can also be loaded on the surface of the aerogel foam material after the aerogel foam material is loaded on the fiber mesh, which is not specifically limited here.

[0041] Optionally, the above-mentioned drying can be preceded by pre-drying and then further drying, wherein the pre-drying temperature is 60-80°C, for example: 60°C, 65°C, 70°C, 75°C, 80°C, etc., which is not specifically limited here; the drying temperature is 100-150°C, for example: 100°C, 110°C, 120°C, 130°C, 140°C, 150°C, etc., which is not specifically limited here.

[0042] It should be understood that in some embodiments, drying can be completed in a one-step process, that is, pre-drying is not required.

[0043] Optionally, the preparation method of the aerogel foaming material (i.e., the aerogel foaming material impregnation liquid) includes: mixing an aerogel paste with a foaming polymer resin; and the foaming degree of the aerogel foaming material is 10 to 250%, for example: 10%, 30%, 50%, 80%, 100%, 150%, 180%, 200%, 230%, 250%, etc., which is not specifically limited here.

[0044] Furthermore, the aerogel paste is mixed with a foaming polymer resin, specifically, the aerogel paste is mixed with a liquid resin and a foaming agent, wherein the liquid resin includes but is not limited to at least one of an acrylic resin or a polyurethane resin, and the foaming agent includes but is not limited to at least one of azodicarbonamide and dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine.

[0045] Optionally, the mass percentage of the aerogel paste is 2-40%; the mass percentage of the resin is 59.5-95%; and the mass percentage of the foaming agent is 0.5-3%.

[0046] Optionally, in some embodiments, a thickener may be added to the aerogel foam material impregnation liquid to make the viscosity of the impregnation liquid reach 30,000-40,000 cps, for example, 30,000 cps, 32,000 cps, 35,000 cps, 37,000 cps, 40,000 cps, etc., which is not specifically limited here.

[0047] Optionally, the thickener is added in an amount of 0.3-1.5% of the total amount of the mixture of the impregnation liquid and the thickener.

[0048] Optionally, the thickener includes, but is not limited to, carboxymethyl cellulose, propylene glycol alginate, methyl cellulose, sodium starch phosphate, etc., which are not specifically limited here.

[0049] Optionally, the preparation method of the aerogel paste includes: mixing aerogel powder with a surfactant; wherein the particle size of the aerogel powder is 1 to 100 μm, for example: 1 μm, 10 μm, 20 μm, 30 μm, 40 μm, 50 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm, 100 μm, etc., which is not specifically limited here.

[0050] The above-mentioned surfactant refers to an aqueous solution of a surfactant, and its mass percentage is 0.5 to 2%.

[0051] Optionally, the weight ratio of the surfactant aqueous solution to the aerogel powder is 1:(1.1-1.6), for example: 1:1.1, 1:1.2, 1:1.3, 1:1.4, 1:1.5, 1:1.6.

[0052] Optionally, after mixing the aerogel powder and the surfactant, stirring is carried out at a stirring speed of 1000 to 15000 rpm (for example: 1000 rpm, 5000 rpm, 8000 rpm, 10000 rpm, 12000 rpm, 15000 rpm, etc.) to obtain an aerogel paste with a viscosity of 10000 to 50000 cps (for example: 10000 cps, 20000 cps, 30000 cps, 40000 cps, 50000 cps, etc.).

[0053] Optionally, the aerogel powder includes but is not limited to silicon aerogel powder, carbon aerogel powder, etc., which are not specifically limited here.

[0054] Optionally, the surfactant includes but is not limited to sodium polyacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, etc., which are not specifically limited here.

[0055] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] 1. Mix aerogel powder with a particle size of 100 μm with an aqueous solution of surfactant sodium polyacrylate, stir at a speed of 15,000 rpm, and prepare an aerogel paste with a viscosity of 50,000 cps; wherein the mass percentage of the surfactant aqueous solution is 2%, and the weight ratio of the surfactant aqueous solution to the aerogel is 1:1.6.

[0058] 2. Mix aerogel paste, liquid acrylic resin and foaming agent azodicarbonamide to prepare an aerogel foaming material impregnation liquid; wherein the mass percentage of aerogel paste is 2%, the mass percentage of resin is 95%, and the mass percentage of foaming agent is 3%.

[0059] 3. Use polyester hollow fiber with a fineness of 3 denier and a hollowness of 20%, and use needle punching to make a density of 0.3g / cm 3 Fiber web.

[0060] 4. Lysine is mixed into the impregnation solution, and the mass percentage of lysine is 5% of the total weight of the impregnation solution and lysine.

[0061] 5. Immerse the fiber web in an aerogel foaming material impregnation liquid containing amino acids, remove excess impregnation liquid, pre-dry at 60° C., and then dry at 100° C. to obtain a formaldehyde-free aerogel fiber material.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] 1. Mix aerogel powder with a particle size of 1 μm with an aqueous solution of a surfactant sodium polyacrylate, stir at a speed of 1000 rpm, and prepare an aerogel paste with a viscosity of 10000 cps; wherein the mass percentage of the surfactant aqueous solution is 0.5%, and the weight ratio of the surfactant aqueous solution to the aerogel is 1:1.1.

[0064] 2. Mix aerogel paste, liquid acrylic resin and foaming agent azodicarbonamide to prepare an aerogel foaming material impregnation liquid; wherein the mass percentage of aerogel paste is 10%, the mass percentage of resin is 89.5%, and the mass percentage of foaming agent is 0.5%.

[0065] 3. Use polyester hollow fiber with a fineness of 4 denier and a hollowness of 5%, and use needle punching to make a density of 0.05g / cm 3 Fiber web.

[0066] 4. Mix arginine into the impregnation solution, the mass percentage of arginine being 10% of the total weight of the impregnation solution and arginine.

[0067] 5. Immerse the fiber web in an aerogel foaming material impregnation liquid containing amino acids, remove excess impregnation liquid, pre-dry at 80° C., and then dry at 120° C. to obtain a formaldehyde-free aerogel fiber material.

[0068] Example 3

[0069] 1. Mix aerogel powder with a particle size of 50 μm with an aqueous solution of a surfactant sodium polyacrylate, stir at a speed of 8000 rpm, and prepare an aerogel paste with a viscosity of 25000 cps; wherein the mass percentage of the surfactant aqueous solution is 1.0%, and the weight ratio of the surfactant aqueous solution to the aerogel is 1:1.3.

[0070] 2. Mix aerogel paste, liquid acrylic resin and foaming agent azodicarbonamide to prepare an aerogel foaming material impregnation liquid; wherein the mass percentage of aerogel paste is 40%, the mass percentage of resin is 59.5%, and the mass percentage of foaming agent is 0.5%.

[0071] 3. Use polyester hollow fiber with a fineness of 2 denier and a hollowness of 10%, and use needle punching to make a density of 0.15g / cm 3 Fiber web.

[0072] 4. Mix histidine into the impregnation solution, the mass percentage of histidine being 50% of the total weight of the impregnation solution and histidine.

[0073] 5. Add carboxymethyl cellulose as a thickener to the aerogel foaming material impregnation liquid containing amino acids, wherein the amount of the thickener added is 0.3% of the total amount of the impregnation liquid and the thickener mixture; then apply the impregnation liquid containing the thickener on the fiber web and dry it.

[0074] Example 4

[0075] Example 4 is similar to Example 1, except that: in the impregnating liquid, the mass percentage of the aerogel paste is 10%, the mass percentage of the resin is 87%, and the mass percentage of the foaming agent is 3%. Please refer to Example 1 for other process parameters.

[0076] Example 5

[0077] Example 5 is similar to Example 1, except that: in the impregnating liquid, the mass percentage of aerogel paste is 20%, the mass percentage of resin is 77%, and the mass percentage of foaming agent is 3%. Please refer to Example 1 for other process parameters.

[0078] Example 6

[0079] Example 6 is similar to Example 1, except that: in the impregnating liquid, the mass percentage of aerogel paste is 30%, the mass percentage of resin is 67%, and the mass percentage of foaming agent is 3%. Please refer to Example 1 for other process parameters.

[0080] Example 7

[0081] Example 7 is similar to Example 5, except that the hollowness of the fibers used to prepare the fiber web is 10%. Please refer to Example 1 for other process parameters.

[0082] Example 8

[0083] Example 8 is similar to Example 5, except that the hollowness of the fibers used to prepare the fiber web is 30%. For other process parameters, please refer to Example 1.

[0084] Example 9

[0085] Example 9 is similar to Example 5, except that the amino acid added to the impregnation solution is arginine, and other process parameters refer to Example 1.

[0086] Example 10

[0087] Example 10 is similar to Example 5, except that the amino acid added to the impregnation solution is histidine. For other process parameters, please refer to Example 1.

[0088] Embodiment 11

[0089] Example 11 is similar to Example 5, except that the amino acid added to the impregnation solution is alanine. For other process parameters, please refer to Example 1.

[0090] Example 12

[0091] The difference between Example 12 and Example 5 is that the fibers used to prepare the fiber web are not hollow fibers, that is, the hollowness is 0%.

[0092] Comparative Example 1

[0093] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that the amount of aerogel paste added is 0, and other process parameters refer to Example 1.

[0094] Comparative Example 2

[0095] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that the density of the fiber web is 0.5 g / cm 3 For other process parameters, please refer to Example 1.

[0096] The formaldehyde removal rates of the various embodiments and comparative examples were tested, and the results are shown in Tables 1, 2, 3, and 4.

[0097] Test method: Place each test sample in a test box with an initial formaldehyde concentration of 1.0 ppm. After testing at 27°C for 1 hour, detect the remaining formaldehyde concentration in the test box and calculate the formaldehyde removal rate. Removal rate (%) = (initial concentration - residual concentration) / initial concentration × 100%.

[0098] Table 1

[0099] Group No. Aerogel content (wt%) Formaldehyde removal rate (%) Comparative Example 1 0 45 Example 1 2 59 Example 4 10 68 Example 5 20 86 Example 6 30 95

[0100] Table 2

[0101] Group No. Hollowness(%) Formaldehyde removal rate (%) Example 12 0 65 Example 7 10 79 Example 5 20 86 Example 8 30 90

[0102] Table 3

[0103] Group No. Amino Acid Type Formaldehyde removal rate (%) Example 5 Lysine 86 Example 9 Arginine 84 Example 10 Histidine 81 Embodiment 11 Alanine 72

[0104] Table 4

[0105] Group No. <![CDATA[Fiber web density (g / cm 3 )]]> Formaldehyde removal rate (%) Example 1 0.3 59 Comparative Example 2 0.5 45

[0106] According to Table 1, the addition of aerogel can effectively improve the formaldehyde removal ability, and as the amount of aerogel added increases, the formaldehyde removal effect is greatly improved.

[0107] According to Table 2, the use of hollow fibers to prepare fiber nets is beneficial to improving the formaldehyde removal capacity, and as the hollowness of the fibers increases, more aerogel and amino acid loads are provided, and the formaldehyde removal effect is greatly improved.

[0108] According to Table 3, the alkaline amino acids of Examples 5 and 9 have a more obvious effect on removing formaldehyde.

[0109] According to Table 4, when the density of the fiber web is too large, the pressure drop of the airflow through the aerogel and amino acid is reduced, resulting in a decrease in the formaldehyde removal effect.

[0110] In summary, the aerogel in the aerogel foam layer of the aerogel fiber material for removing formaldehyde prepared by the preparation method of the present invention has nanoscale voids and an ultra-high specific surface area (specific surface area up to 1000m 2 / g), providing a large number of active sites for the adsorption of formaldehyde. In addition, due to the high porosity of aerogel, it provides an ideal channel for the diffusion and adsorption of molecules, which can effectively improve the adsorption and removal efficiency of formaldehyde. The utilization density is 0.05-0.3g / cm 3 The fiber net as a loading substrate can further increase the specific surface area of ​​the aerogel fiber material for removing formaldehyde as a whole, and can provide additional space for the loading of the aerogel foam layer, promote the diffusion and adsorption of formaldehyde molecules, effectively improve the adsorption and removal effect of formaldehyde, and effectively reduce secondary pollution. At the same time, the fiber net can also be used to ensure the mechanical strength of the aerogel fiber material for removing formaldehyde and improve its durability. The aerogel fiber material for removing formaldehyde of the present invention can also have both antibacterial and heat preservation functions, and has a wide range of application prospects.

[0111] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aerogel fiber material for removing formaldehyde, characterized in that: include: The fiber net has a density of 0.05 to 0.3 g / cm 3 ; as well as, An aerogel foam layer is supported on at least one side of the fiber web.

2. The formaldehyde-removing aerogel fiber material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw material for preparing the fiber web includes hollow fibers, and the hollowness of the hollow fibers is 5 to 40%; The aerogel foam layer and / or the fiber web are loaded with amino acids.

3. A method for preparing aerogel fiber material for removing formaldehyde, characterized in that: include: The aerogel foam material is loaded on at least one side of the fiber web; wherein the density of the fiber web is 0.05 to 0.3 g / cm 3 .

4. The method for preparing the formaldehyde-removing aerogel fiber material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation method of the aerogel foaming material comprises: mixing an aerogel paste, a resin and a foaming agent; and the foaming degree of the aerogel foaming material is 10-250%.

5. The method for preparing the formaldehyde-removing aerogel fiber material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mass percentage of the aerogel paste is 2-40%; the mass percentage of the resin is 59.5-95%; and the mass percentage of the foaming agent is 0.5-3%.

6. The method for preparing the formaldehyde-removing aerogel fiber material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The preparation method of the aerogel paste comprises: mixing aerogel powder with a surfactant aqueous solution.

7. The method for preparing the formaldehyde-removing aerogel fiber material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mass percentage of the surfactant is 0.5-2%; the weight ratio of the surfactant aqueous solution to the aerogel powder is 1:(1.1-1.6).

8. The method for preparing the formaldehyde-removing aerogel fiber material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The raw materials used to prepare the fiber net include hollow fibers, and the hollowness of the hollow fibers is 5-40%.

9. The method for preparing the formaldehyde-removing aerogel fiber material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The aerogel foam material and / or the fiber web are loaded with amino acids.

10. The method for preparing the formaldehyde-removing aerogel fiber material according to claim 9, characterized in that: The amino acids include basic amino acids.