Method for preparing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural by degrading cellulose in FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalytic system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical engineering, and particularly relates to a method for preparing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural by degrading cellulose in a FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalytic system, which comprises the following steps: SBA-15 preparation; the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalyst; and step 3, preparing the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in a FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalytic system. According to the method, FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H is adopted as a catalyst system, cheap cellulose is used as a raw material to prepare the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural with a high additional value, the method has the advantages of low price and easiness in recovery, the corrosion to equipment is small, the pollution to the environment is reduced, the selectivity for generating the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural is higher, and the method is suitable for industrial production. And the yield of the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical engineering, and particularly relates to a method for preparing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural by degrading cellulose in a FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalytic system. Background Art

[0002] Cellulose resources are abundant and widely available. It is a high molecular compound with a crystalline structure connected by D-glucose through β-1,4 glycosidic bonds. It is insoluble in water, dilute acid and dilute alkali at room temperature. The long chains of cellulose macromolecules can be combined by van der Waals forces or hydrogen bonds to form cellulose bundles. The dense fiber bundle crystal structure of cellulose and the countless hydrogen bonds within and between molecular chains make the chemical properties of cellulose very stable. It is not easily soluble in general organic solvents, water, dilute acid, dilute alkali, etc. It will not hydrolyze at room temperature. Even at high temperatures, the hydrolysis rate is quite slow. Only under the catalytic action of a catalyst can a relatively significant hydrolysis reaction occur.

[0003] Nowadays, developing efficient and environmentally friendly cellulose degradation and conversion technologies is an important research field of green chemistry. Cellulose can be degraded into new green platform compounds through thermochemical, chemical or biological methods, which is a hot topic in the current international research on biorefining technology and has aroused a research boom among many scientific researchers at home and abroad. So far, there have been many reports on cellulose degradation. Using cellulose as a raw material to prepare glucose and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) through degradation, and further fermenting glucose to prepare ethanol and further degrading 5-HMF to prepare levulinic acid are important ways for its comprehensive utilization. Among them, the highly selective hydrolysis of cellulose to glucose is the key technology for the preparation of cellulose-based bio-platform molecules, and the search for efficient, stable, easily separable and reusable green acid catalysts has become the focus of current research.

[0004] 5-HMF is an important intermediate compound for the production of fuels and chemicals from renewable biomass resources. It can be prepared from biomass and then used to synthesize a series of biofuels, fine chemicals, solvents, polymers, etc. It is an ideal biomass platform compound. The molecular structure of 5-HMF contains active furan rings, conjugated diene structures, aldehyde groups and hydroxyl functional groups. Among them, the furan ring and aldehyde group can be used for hydrogenation reactions, the hydroxymethyl group can be used for dehydrogenation reactions, and other hydrogen-containing parts can be used for halogenation reactions. It can also participate in esterification, polymerization, hydrolysis and other chemical reactions to synthesize useful compounds and functional polymer materials that are generally applicable to resin materials, pesticides, medicines, fuels and fuel additives. 5-HMF and its derivatives are also important raw materials for pesticides and optoelectronic functional materials. In addition, 5-HMF and its derivatives have biological activities, mainly including antioxidant activity, anti-myocardial ischemia effect, insecticidal effect, etc., and are the active ingredients of most traditional Chinese medicines. They can be used as drug or health product additives to prevent neurodegenerative diseases, inhibit tumors, reduce blood cholesterol and cognitive impairment. 5-HMF compound, its potential commercial value will give it broad development prospects in the future.

[0005] At present, the preparation of 5-HMF is mostly obtained by dehydration reaction using glucose or fructose as raw materials. Due to the high cost of glucose and fructose, this method is not easy to industrialize. In addition, most studies use ionic liquids as cellulose solvents, which are costly. The yield of 5-HMF prepared from cellulose is generally 40-70%, which is not high. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new preparation method for 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to solve the above drawbacks. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art and provide a method for preparing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural by degrading cellulose in a FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalytic system. FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H is used as the catalyst system, which has the advantages of low price and easy recovery, and is less corrosive to equipment, thereby reducing pollution to the environment. In addition, the selectivity for generating 5-hydroxymethylfurfural is higher, thereby improving the yield of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural.

[0007] In order to achieve the above technical objectives and the above technical effects, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a method for preparing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural by degrading cellulose in a FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalytic system, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0009] Step 1, Preparation of SBA-15

[0010] The surfactant P123 was dissolved in a 2 mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution and stirred; TEOS (tetraethyl orthosilicate) was added and stirred again; the stirred mixture was transferred to a hydrothermal reactor, and the hydrothermal reactor was placed in an oven at 80-120°C for 12-36 hours, and the suspension was filtered and washed with water after cooling to room temperature, and dried at 80-120°C for 6-18 hours, and the reaction mixture was placed in a tubular furnace and calcined at 440-460°C for 4-6 hours to obtain SBA-15;

[0011] Step 2, preparation of FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalyst

[0012] Step 2.1, FePO4 and SBA-15 are mixed in pure water, stirred, filtered, washed, and dried; the dried FePO4 and SBA-15 are placed in a tube furnace, and calcined at 440-460° C. for 1-3 hours, and the obtained FePO4 / SBA-15 catalyst is ground into powder as semi-finished product A;

[0013] Step 2.2, grinding the obtained semi-finished product A, adding MTPMS (mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane) and toluene, reacting for 12 to 36 hours, washing with ethanol, filtering, and drying to obtain a semi-finished product B;

[0014] Step 2.3, grinding the obtained semi-finished product B, adding 30wt% H2O2 solution to oxidize for 8-16h, filtering, drying, and grinding to obtain FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalyst;

[0015] Step 3, preparation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalytic system

[0016] Add cellulose, FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalyst and NaCl to a mixture of water and tetrahydrofuran, stir evenly, react at 200-220°C for 2-4 hours, and after the reaction, cool the solution and centrifuge it at 7000-9000 rpm for 2-4 minutes to obtain 5-hydroxymethylfurfural.

[0017] Furthermore, in step 1, the ratio of surfactant P123, aqueous hydrochloric acid solution and TEOS is 1 g: 20-30 ml: 2.12 g.

[0018] Furthermore, in step 1, the first stirring is at a temperature of 20 to 60° C. and a stirring speed of 300 to 500 rpm for 4 to 6 hours; the second stirring is at a temperature of 20 to 60° C. and a stirring speed of 300 to 500 rpm for 1 to 3 hours.

[0019] Furthermore, in step 1 and step 2.1, the heating rate of the tubular furnace is controlled at 4-6°C / min, and air is introduced every 20-40 minutes during the calcination process.

[0020] Furthermore, in step 2.1, the ratio of FePO4, SBA-15 and pure water is 0.3g:1g:40-100ml.

[0021] Furthermore, in step 2.2, the ratio of semi-finished product A, MTPMS and toluene is 1 g:3 g:10 ml.

[0022] Furthermore, in step 2.3, the ratio of semi-finished product B and H2O2 solution is 1g:30ml.

[0023] Furthermore, in step 3, the ratio of cellulose, catalyst, NaCl, water and tetrahydrofuran is 1 g: 1 g: 2 g: 10 mL: 40 mL.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] The invention adopts FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H as a catalyst system and uses cheap cellulose as a raw material to prepare 5-hydroxymethylfurfural with high added value, taking into account the advantages of low price and easy recycling, and has low corrosion to equipment, thereby reducing pollution to the environment, and has higher selectivity for generating 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, thereby improving the yield of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural.

[0026] Under the reaction conditions of the present invention, SBA-15, as a carrier with high hydrothermal stability, can effectively disperse the active component FePO4 and provide Si-OH nests for access to -SO3H groups; wherein, FePO4, as a bifunctional active component, can hydrolyze cellulose hydrogen bonds, destroy its crystalline structure, and make it easier to hydrolyze; FePO4, as a bifunctional active component, can serve as a Lewis acid site to accelerate the isomerization reaction of glucose to fructose; FePO4, as a bifunctional active component, can promote the dehydration of fructose and directly synthesize 5-hydroxymethylfurfural; -SO3H groups, as strong acid groups, can synergistically drive the hydrolysis of cellulose and the dehydration steps of fructose.

[0027] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the above advantages at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a high performance liquid chromatography analysis chart of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural prepared in Example 1 in a tetrahydrofuran phase;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a high performance liquid chromatography analysis chart of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural prepared in Example 1 in an aqueous phase. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] The experimental methods and detection methods described in the following embodiments are conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents and materials are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] A method for preparing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural by degrading cellulose in a FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalytic system comprises the following steps:

[0035] Step 1, Preparation of SBA-15

[0036] 1 g of surfactant P123 was dissolved in 25 mL of 2 mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, stirred at 350 rpm for 5 h in a heat-resistant beaker at 40 °C, 2.12 g of TEOS was added, the mixture was continuously stirred at 40 °C for 2 h, transferred to a hydrothermal reactor, and then placed in an oven at 100 °C for 24 h. After cooling to room temperature, the suspension was filtered and washed with water, dried at 100 °C for 12 h, and the reaction mixture was calcined at 450 °C in a tube furnace for 5 h (heating rate was 5 °C / min, and air was introduced every 30 min);

[0037] Step 2, preparation of FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalyst

[0038] Mix 0.3g FePO4 and 1g SBA-15 in 75ml pure water, stir for 48h, filter, wash with pure water, and dry. Place the dried FePO4 and SBA-15 in a tube furnace and calcine at 450℃ for 2h (heating rate is 5℃ / min, air is introduced every 30min), grind the FePO4 / SBA-15 catalyst into powder and set aside.

[0039] Take 1g of FePO4 / SBA-15, add 3g of MTPMS and 10ml of toluene, react for 24h, wash with ethanol, filter and dry. Grind the dried sample and weigh it. Take 0.5g and add 15mL of 30wt% H2O2 solution. Stir for 12h, filter, dry and grind.

[0040] Step 3, preparing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in a FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalytic system.

[0041] Weigh 0.1 g of cellulose, 0.2 g of NaCl, and 0.1 g of FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalyst, measure 1 mL of pure water, and 4 mL of tetrahydrofuran, mix them in a reaction tube, and react at 210°C for 3 h. After the reaction is completed, the solution is cooled and centrifuged at 8000 rpm for 3 min to obtain 5-hydroxymethylfurfural.

[0042] Figure 1 This is the high performance liquid chromatography analysis diagram of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in tetrahydrofuran phase. Figure 2 This is the HPLC analysis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in water phase. Figure 1 and Figure 2 It can be seen that the peak with a retention time of 1.5 min is 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, the two peak intensities are the largest, and the by-products are relatively few, indicating that the yield of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural prepared in Example 1 is very high and the purity is high.

[0043] After high performance liquid chromatography analysis, the yield of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was 79.6%.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] A method for preparing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural by degrading cellulose in a FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalytic system comprises the following steps:

[0046] Step 1, Preparation of SBA-15

[0047] 2 g of surfactant P123 was dissolved in 50 mL of 2 mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, stirred at 450 rpm in a heat-resistant beaker at 40°C for 5 h, 4.24 g of TEOS was added, the mixture was continuously stirred at 40°C for 2 h, transferred to a hydrothermal reactor, and then placed in an oven at 100°C for 24 h. After cooling to room temperature, the suspension was filtered and washed with water, dried at 100°C for 18 h, and the reaction mixture was calcined at 460°C in a tube furnace for 4 h (heating rate was 5°C / min, and air was introduced every 30 min);

[0048] Step 2, preparation of FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalyst

[0049] Mix 0.6g FePO4 and 2g SBA-15 prepared in step 1 in 100ml pure water, stir for 54h, filter, wash with pure water, and dry. Place the dried FePO4 and SBA-15 in a tube furnace and calcine at 460°C for 1.5h (heating rate of 5°C / min, air is introduced every 30min), grind the FePO4 / SBA-15 catalyst into powder and set aside.

[0050] Take 2g of FePO4 / SBA-15, add 6g of MTPMS and 20ml of toluene, react for 24h, filter with ethanol, wash and dry, grind and weigh the dried sample, take 1g and add 30mL of 30wt% H2O2 solution, stir for 12h, filter, dry and grind.

[0051] Step 3, preparing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in a FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalytic system.

[0052] Weigh 0.2 g of cellulose, 0.4 g of NaCl, and 0.2 g of FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalyst, measure 2 mL of pure water, and 8 mL of tetrahydrofuran, mix them in a reaction tube, react at 220°C for 3 h, and after the reaction, cool the solution and centrifuge it at 9000 rpm for 2 min to obtain 5-hydroxymethylfurfural.

[0053] After high performance liquid chromatography analysis, the yield of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was 81.4%.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] A method for preparing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural by degrading cellulose in a FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalytic system comprises the following steps:

[0056] Step 1, Preparation of SBA-15

[0057] 3 g of surfactant P123 was dissolved in 75 mL of 2 mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, stirred at 400 rpm in a heat-resistant beaker at 40°C for 5 h, 6.36 g of TEOS was added, the mixture was continuously stirred at 40°C for 2 h, transferred to a hydrothermal reactor, and then placed in an oven at 100°C for 24 h. After cooling to room temperature, the suspension was filtered and washed with water, dried at 100°C for 12 h, and the reaction mixture was calcined at 440°C in a tube furnace for 6 h (heating rate was 5°C / min, and air was introduced every 30 min);

[0058] Step 2, preparation of FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalyst

[0059] Mix 0.9 g FePO4 and 3 g SBA-15 prepared in step 1 in 200 ml pure water, stir for 60 h, filter, wash with pure water, and dry. Place the dried FePO4 and SBA-15 in a tube furnace and calcine at 450° C. for 3 h (heating rate of 5° C. / min, air is introduced every 30 min), grind the FePO4 / SBA-15 catalyst into powder and set aside.

[0060] Take 3g of FePO4 / SBA-15, add 9g of MTPMS and 30ml of toluene, react for 24h, filter with ethanol, wash and dry, grind and weigh the dried sample, take 1.5g, add 45mL of 30wt% H2O2 solution, stir for 14h, filter, dry and grind.

[0061] Step 3, preparing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in a FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalytic system.

[0062] Weigh 0.3 g of cellulose, 0.6 g of NaCl, and 0.3 g of FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalyst, measure 3 mL of pure water, and 12 mL of tetrahydrofuran, mix them in a reaction tube, react at 220°C for 2 h, and after the reaction, cool the solution and centrifuge it at 8500 rpm for 3 min to obtain 5-hydroxymethylfurfural.

[0063] After high performance liquid chromatography analysis, the yield of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was 83.1%.

[0064] Example 4

[0065] A method for preparing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural by degrading cellulose in a FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalytic system comprises the following steps:

[0066] Step 1, Preparation of SBA-15

[0067] 10 g of surfactant P123 was dissolved in 250 mL of 2 mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, stirred at 450 rpm in a heat-resistant beaker at 40°C for 5 h, 21.2 g of TEOS was added, the mixture was continuously stirred at 40°C for 2 h, transferred to a hydrothermal reactor, and then placed in an oven at 100°C for 24 h. After cooling to room temperature, the suspension was filtered and washed with water, dried at 100°C for 12 h, and the reaction mixture was calcined at 450°C in a tube furnace for 6 h (heating rate was 5°C / min, and air was introduced every 30 min);

[0068] Step 2, preparation of FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalyst

[0069] Mix 3g FePO4 and 10g SBA-15 in 450ml pure water, stir for 48h, filter, wash with pure water, and dry. Place the dried FePO4 and SBA-15 in a tube furnace and calcine at 460℃ for 3h (heating rate is 5℃ / min, air is introduced every 30min), grind the FePO4 / SBA-15 catalyst into powder and set aside.

[0070] Take 10g of FePO4 / SBA-15, add 30g of MTPMS and 100ml of toluene, react for 24h, wash with ethanol, filter and dry. Grind the dried sample and weigh it. Take 5g and add 150mL of 30wt% H2O2 solution. Stir for 12h, filter, dry and grind.

[0071] Step 3, preparing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in a FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalytic system.

[0072] Weigh 1g of cellulose, 2g of NaCl, and 1g of FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalyst, measure 10mL of pure water, and 40mL of tetrahydrofuran, mix them in a reaction tube, react at 200°C for 4h, and after the reaction, cool the solution and centrifuge it at 7500rpm for 3min to obtain 5-hydroxymethylfurfural.

[0073] After high performance liquid chromatography analysis, the yield of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was 85.7%.

[0074] Example 5

[0075] A method for preparing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural by degrading cellulose in a FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalytic system comprises the following steps:

[0076] Step 1, Preparation of SBA-15

[0077] 10 g of surfactant P123 was dissolved in 250 mL of 2 mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, stirred at 400 rpm in a heat-resistant beaker at 40°C for 5 h, 21.2 g of TEOS was added, the mixture was continuously stirred at 40°C for 2 h, transferred to a hydrothermal reactor, and then placed in an oven at 105°C for 24 h. After cooling to room temperature, the suspension was filtered and washed with water, dried at 105°C for 12 h, and the reaction mixture was calcined at 450°C in a tube furnace for 5 h (heating rate was 5°C / min, and air was introduced every 30 min);

[0078] Step 2, preparation of FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalyst

[0079] Mix 3g FePO4 and 10g SBA-15 in 550ml pure water, stir for 72h, filter, wash with pure water, and dry. Place the dried FePO4 and SBA-15 in a tube furnace and calcine at 450℃ for 3h (heating rate is 5℃ / min, air is introduced every 30min), grind the FePO4 / SBA-15 catalyst into powder and set aside.

[0080] Take 10g of FePO4 / SBA-15, add 30g of MTPMS and 100ml of toluene, react for 24h, wash with ethanol, filter and dry. Grind the dried sample and weigh it. Take 5g and add 150mL of 30wt% H2O2 solution. Stir for 12h, filter, dry and grind.

[0081] Step 3, preparing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in a FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalytic system.

[0082] Weigh 1g of cellulose, 2g of NaCl, and 1g of FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalyst, measure 10mL of pure water, and 40mL of tetrahydrofuran, mix them in a reaction tube, react at 210°C for 4h, and after the reaction, cool the solution and centrifuge it at 8000rpm for 2min to obtain 5-hydroxymethylfurfural.

[0083] After high performance liquid chromatography analysis, the yield of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was 86.6%.

[0084] Under the reaction conditions of the present invention, SBA-15, as a carrier with high hydrothermal stability, can effectively disperse the active component FePO4 and provide Si-OH nests for access to -SO3H groups; wherein, FePO4, as a bifunctional active component, can hydrolyze cellulose hydrogen bonds, destroy its crystalline structure, and make it easier to hydrolyze; FePO4, as a bifunctional active component, can serve as a Lewis acid site to accelerate the isomerization reaction of glucose to fructose; FePO4, as a bifunctional active component, can promote the dehydration of fructose and directly synthesize 5-hydroxymethylfurfural; -SO3H groups, as strong acid groups, can synergistically drive the hydrolysis of cellulose and the dehydration steps of fructose.

[0085] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only useful to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to specific implementation methods. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural by degrading cellulose in a FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalytic system, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1, Preparation of SBA-15 The surfactant P123 was dissolved in a 2 mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution and stirred; TEOS was added and stirred again; the stirred mixture was transferred to a hydrothermal reactor, and the hydrothermal reactor was placed in an oven at 80-120°C for 12-36 hours, and the suspension was filtered and washed with water after cooling to room temperature, and dried at 80-120°C for 6-18 hours, and the reaction mixture was placed in a tube furnace and calcined at 440-460°C for 4-6 hours to obtain SBA-15; Step 2, preparation of FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalyst Step 2.1, FePO4 and SBA-15 are mixed in pure water, stirred, filtered, washed, and dried; the dried FePO4 and SBA-15 are placed in a tube furnace, and calcined at 440-460° C. for 1-3 hours, and the obtained FePO4 / SBA-15 catalyst is ground into powder as semi-finished product A; Step 2.2, grinding the obtained semi-finished product A, adding MTPMS and toluene to react for 12 to 36 hours, washing with ethanol, filtering, and drying to obtain a semi-finished product B; Step 2.3, grinding the obtained semi-finished product B, adding 30wt% H2O2 solution to oxidize for 8-16h, filtering, drying, and grinding to obtain FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalyst; Step 3, preparation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalytic system Add cellulose, FePO4 / SBA-15-SO3H catalyst and NaCl to a mixture of water and tetrahydrofuran, stir evenly, react at 200-220°C for 2-4 hours, and after the reaction, cool the solution and centrifuge it at 7000-9000 rpm for 2-4 minutes to obtain 5-hydroxymethylfurfural.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step 1, the ratio of surfactant P123, aqueous hydrochloric acid solution and TEOS is 1 g: 20-30 ml: 2.12 g.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step 1, the first stirring is at a temperature of 20 to 60° C. and a stirring speed of 300 to 500 rpm for 4 to 6 hours; the second stirring is at a temperature of 20 to 60° C. and a stirring speed of 300 to 500 rpm for 1 to 3 hours.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step 1 and step 2.1, the heating rate of the tubular furnace is controlled at 4-6°C / min, and air is introduced every 20-40 minutes during the calcination process.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step 2.1, the ratio of FePO4, SBA-15 and pure water is 0.3g:1g:40~100ml.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step 2.2, the ratio of semi-finished product A, MTPMS and toluene is 1 g:3 g:10 ml.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step 2.3, the ratio of semi-finished product B and H2O2 solution is 1g:30ml.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step 3, the ratio of cellulose, catalyst, NaCl, water and tetrahydrofuran is 1 g: 1 g: 2 g: 10 mL: 40 mL.

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