Pipe fitting laser cladding equipment with inner wall preheating function

Abstract

The invention discloses pipe fitting laser cladding equipment with an inner wall preheating function. The pipe fitting laser cladding equipment comprises a clamp, a preheating head, a preheating head movement mechanism, a laser cladding head and a cladding head movement mechanism. In the working process, the pipe fitting needs to be clamped on the clamp firstly, the preheating head movement mechanism can drive the preheating head to move to the preset preheating position of the inner wall of the pipe fitting, and then the preheating head can preheat the inner wall of the pipe fitting. The cladding head movement mechanism can drive the laser cladding head to move to a preset cladding position, and the laser cladding head can conduct laser cladding on the outer side wall of the pipe so that a cladding layer can be formed on the outer side wall of the pipe. Wherein the inner wall of the pipe fitting can be preheated through the preheating head, so that the temperature gradient, the thermal stress and the thermal deformation can be reduced, the bonding effect of a cladding layer and a pipe fitting base body can be improved, the uniformity and the compactness of the cladding layer can be improved, the generation of cracks and stripping defects can be effectively reduced, and the laser cladding quality of the pipe fitting can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding processing of pipe fittings, and in particular to a laser cladding device for pipe fittings with inner wall preheating. Background Art

[0002] As an advanced surface modification method, laser cladding technology has been widely used in the fields of machinery, aviation, shipbuilding, etc. Laser cladding uses a high-energy laser beam to melt powdered or filamentary coating materials and deposit them on the surface of the workpiece to form a cladding layer with high hardness, high wear resistance and corrosion resistance, thereby significantly improving the surface properties of the workpiece.

[0003] However, the temperature difference caused by the sudden heating of the molten pool and the cooling process during the laser cladding process can easily cause stress-induced cracking of the coating, which seriously affects the quality of the cladding layer and the service life of the workpiece. Especially when laser cladding is performed on workpieces such as pipes, due to uneven heating of the inner and outer walls, thermal deformation and cladding defects are more likely to occur.

[0004] Therefore, how to effectively reduce the temperature gradient and improve the bonding strength between the cladding layer and the substrate is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pipe laser cladding device with inner wall preheating, which can effectively improve the laser cladding quality of the pipe.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A pipe laser cladding device with inner wall preheating, comprising:

[0008] A fixture, used to clamp the pipe to be processed;

[0009] A preheating head and a preheating head movement mechanism, wherein the preheating head is connected to the preheating head movement mechanism, the preheating head movement mechanism is used to drive the preheating head to move to a preset preheating position on the inner wall of the pipe, and the preheating head is used to preheat the inner wall of the pipe;

[0010] A laser cladding head and a cladding head motion mechanism, wherein the laser cladding head is connected to the cladding head motion mechanism, the cladding head motion mechanism is used to drive the laser cladding head to move to a preset cladding position, and the laser cladding head is used to laser clad the outer wall of the pipe to form a cladding layer on the outer wall of the pipe.

[0011] In some embodiments, the preheating head motion mechanism includes an X-axis mounting plate, an X-axis motion mechanism, a Y-axis mounting plate, a Y-axis motion mechanism, a Z-axis mounting plate, a Z-axis motion mechanism, a preheating head rotation mechanism and a preheating head mounting plate, the X-axis motion mechanism is connected to the X-axis mounting plate, the Z-axis mounting plate is connected to the X-axis motion mechanism, the Z-axis motion mechanism is connected to the Z-axis mounting plate, the Y-axis mounting plate is connected to the Z-axis motion mechanism, the Y-axis motion mechanism is connected to the Y-axis mounting plate, the preheating head rotation mechanism is connected to the Y-axis motion mechanism, and the preheating head is connected to the preheating head rotation mechanism through the preheating head mounting plate.

[0012] In some embodiments, the cladding head movement mechanism includes a mechanical arm, the laser cladding head is connected to the mechanical arm, and the mechanical arm is used to adjust the position of the laser cladding head.

[0013] In some embodiments, the clamp includes a chuck, a chuck driving mechanism and a roller bracket, the chuck is used to be clamped on one end of the pipe fitting, the chuck driving mechanism is connected to the chuck to drive the chuck to rotate, and the roller bracket is used to support the pipe clamp.

[0014] In some embodiments, a lifting mechanism is provided at the bottom of the roller bracket, and the lifting mechanism is used to adjust the height position of the roller bracket.

[0015] In some embodiments, the pipe laser cladding equipment further includes a base, and the chuck drive mechanism, the roller bracket and the preheating head movement mechanism are arranged on the base.

[0016] In some embodiments, a slide rail is provided on the base, and the preheating head movement mechanism is slidably connected to the slide rail. The preheating head movement mechanism can move toward or away from the pipe on the slide rail.

[0017] In some embodiments, the preheating head is a laser preheating head, and the laser preheating head and the laser cladding head are connected to the same external laser or are respectively connected to different external lasers.

[0018] In some embodiments, the pipe laser cladding equipment also includes a controller, a pipe outer surface temperature detector and a pipe inner wall temperature detector, wherein the pipe outer surface temperature detector is connected to the controller, and the controller is used to adjust the output power of the laser cladding head when the temperature detected by the pipe outer surface temperature detector does not meet the preset outer surface temperature threshold; the pipe inner wall temperature detector is connected to the controller, and the controller is used to adjust the output power of the preheating head when the temperature detected by the pipe inner wall temperature detector does not meet the preset inner wall temperature threshold.

[0019] In some embodiments, the controller is connected to the preheating head motion mechanism and the laser cladding head motion mechanism respectively, and is used to synchronously adjust the relative positions of the preheating head and the laser cladding head so that the preheating area of ​​the pipe corresponds to the area to be clad.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the above technical solution has the following advantages:

[0021] The present invention provides a laser cladding device for pipes with inner wall preheating. During operation, the pipes need to be clamped on a fixture first. The preheating head movement mechanism can drive the preheating head to move to a preset preheating position on the inner wall of the pipe, and then the preheating head can preheat the inner wall of the pipe. The cladding head movement mechanism can drive the laser cladding head to move to a preset cladding position, and the laser cladding head can laser clad the outer wall of the pipe to form a cladding layer on the outer wall of the pipe. The preheating head can perform preheating simultaneously during the cladding process, thereby reducing the temperature gradient, reducing thermal stress and thermal deformation, improving the bonding effect between the cladding layer and the pipe substrate, improving the uniformity and density of the cladding layer, and effectively reducing the generation of defects such as cracks and peeling, thereby improving the laser cladding quality and processing efficiency of the pipe. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a pipe laser cladding device with inner wall preheating provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the main structure of a pipe laser cladding device with inner wall preheating provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 A right-side structural schematic diagram of a pipe laser cladding device with inner wall preheating provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a pipe fitting, a preheating head and a laser cladding head of a pipe fitting laser cladding equipment with inner wall preheating provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5A schematic diagram of the main structure of a pipe, a preheating head and a laser cladding head of a pipe laser cladding equipment with inner wall preheating provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0029] 1-base, 2-chuck driving mechanism, 3-chuck, 4-pipe fitting, 5-laser cladding head, 6-cladding head motion mechanism, 7-Z-axis motion mechanism, 8-Z-axis mounting plate, 9-Y-axis mounting plate, 10-Y-axis motion mechanism, 11-X-axis motion mechanism, 12-X-axis mounting plate, 13-mounting seat, 14-rotation mechanism mounting plate, 15-preheating head rotation mechanism, 16-preheating head mounting plate, 17-preheating head, 18-roller bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 .

[0032] A laser cladding device for pipe fittings with inner wall preheating provided in an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a fixture, a preheating head 17, a preheating head movement mechanism, a laser cladding head 5 and a cladding head movement mechanism 6. The fixture is used to clamp the pipe fitting 4 to be processed, the preheating head 17 is connected to the preheating head movement mechanism, and the laser cladding head 5 is connected to the cladding head movement mechanism 6. During operation, the pipe fitting 4 must be clamped on the fixture first, and the preheating head movement mechanism can drive the preheating head 17 to move to a preset preheating position of the inner wall of the pipe fitting 4, and then the preheating head 17 can preheat the inner wall of the pipe fitting 4. The cladding head movement mechanism 6 can drive the laser cladding head 5 to move to a preset cladding position, and the laser cladding head 5 can laser clad the outer wall of the pipe fitting 4 to form a cladding layer on the outer wall of the pipe fitting 4. The preheating head 17 can be used to perform preheating simultaneously during the cladding process, thereby reducing the temperature gradient, reducing thermal stress and thermal deformation, improving the bonding effect between the cladding layer and the substrate of the pipe 4, improving the uniformity and density of the cladding layer, and effectively reducing the occurrence of defects such as cracks and peeling, thereby improving the laser cladding quality and processing efficiency of the pipe 4.

[0033] In some embodiments, the preheating head motion mechanism includes an X-axis mounting plate 12, an X-axis motion mechanism 11, a Y-axis mounting plate 9, a Y-axis motion mechanism 10, a Z-axis mounting plate 8, a Z-axis motion mechanism 7, a preheating head rotation mechanism 15 and a preheating head mounting plate 16, the X-axis motion mechanism 11 is connected to the X-axis mounting plate 12, the Z-axis mounting plate 8 is connected to the X-axis motion mechanism 11, the Z-axis motion mechanism 7 is connected to the Z-axis mounting plate 8, the Y-axis mounting plate 9 is connected to the Z-axis motion mechanism 7, the Y-axis motion mechanism 10 is connected to the Y-axis mounting plate 9, the preheating head rotation mechanism 15 is connected to the Y-axis motion mechanism 10, the preheating head 17 is connected to the preheating head rotation mechanism 15 through the preheating head mounting plate 16, and the preheating head rotation mechanism 15 can be connected to the Y-axis motion mechanism 10 through the rotating mechanism mounting plate 14. Through the X-axis motion mechanism 11, the Y-axis motion mechanism 10, the Z-axis motion mechanism 7 and the preheating head rotating mechanism 15, the preheating head 17 can be moved in three-dimensional space, and the preheating head 17 can also be rotated, so as to realize the circumferential motion of the preheating head 17 relative to the inner wall of the pipe 4. Among them, the X-axis motion mechanism 11, the Y-axis motion mechanism 10, and the Z-axis motion mechanism 7 can be selected as power devices such as cylinders or linear motors, and the preheating head rotating mechanism 15 can be selected as a power device such as a rotary motor that can provide rotary power.

[0034] In some embodiments, the cladding head movement mechanism 6 includes a mechanical arm, the laser cladding head 5 is connected to the mechanical arm, and the mechanical arm is used to adjust the position of the laser cladding head 5, wherein the position of the laser cladding head 5 in three-dimensional space can be adjusted by the mechanical arm to achieve laser cladding at different positions of the pipe 4. It should be noted that the mechanical arm is only a preferred structure, and other devices that can achieve position adjustment of the laser cladding head 5 can also be selected.

[0035] In some embodiments, the clamp includes a chuck 3, a chuck drive mechanism 2 and a roller bracket 18. The chuck 3 can be optionally a three-claw chuck 3. The chuck 3 can be clamped on one end of the pipe 4. The chuck drive mechanism 2 is connected to the chuck 3. The chuck drive mechanism 2 can drive the chuck 3 to rotate, thereby driving the pipe 4 to rotate, so as to facilitate preheating and laser cladding work. The roller bracket 18 is used to support the pipe 4. The roller on the roller bracket 18 can contact the bottom of the pipe 4. The roller bracket 18 can improve the support stability of the pipe 4, which is beneficial to improve the processing quality of the pipe clamp.

[0036] In some embodiments, a lifting mechanism is provided at the bottom of the roller bracket 18, and the lifting mechanism can adjust the height position of the roller bracket 18 to adapt to pipes 4 of different diameters. For example, when the size of the pipe 4 is small, the height of the roller bracket 18 can be increased, and when the size of the pipe 4 is large, the height of the roller bracket 18 can be reduced.

[0037] In some embodiments, the pipe laser cladding equipment also includes a base 1, a chuck drive mechanism 2, a roller bracket 18 and a preheating head motion mechanism are arranged on the base 1, and the cladding motion mechanism can be connected to the base 1 through a mounting base 13. The base 1 can improve the integration of the equipment. Specifically, the chuck drive mechanism 2 is installed on one side of the upper part of the base 1, the roller bracket 18 is arranged on the base 1, the preheating head motion mechanism is arranged on one end of the base 1 away from the chuck drive mechanism 2, and the roller bracket 18 is located between the chuck drive mechanism 2 and the preheating head motion mechanism, and the cladding head motion mechanism 6 is arranged on one side of the base 1.

[0038] In some embodiments, a slide rail is provided on the base 1, and the preheating head movement mechanism is slidably connected to the slide rail. The preheating head movement mechanism can move toward or away from the pipe 4 on the slide rail, thereby realizing the movement of the preheating head 17. For example, when the length of the pipe 4 is short, the preheating head movement mechanism can be moved toward the direction of the chuck 3, and when the length of the pipe 4 is long, the preheating head movement mechanism can be moved in the direction away from the chuck 3. In addition, the roller bracket 18 can also be connected to the slide rail so that the roller bracket 18 can move relative to the slide rail, thereby realizing the position adjustment of the roller bracket 18.

[0039] In some embodiments, the preheating head 17 is a laser preheating head, and the laser preheating head and the laser cladding head 5 are connected to the same external laser or are respectively connected to different external lasers, which can be selected according to actual needs, wherein the same external laser can reduce costs. In specific use, the laser cladding head 5 is connected to the external laser through an optical fiber, and the laser is introduced into the laser cladding head 5, and the laser preheating head can be connected to the external laser through an optical fiber, and the laser is introduced into the laser preheating head for preheating operation.

[0040] In some embodiments, the pipe laser cladding equipment further includes a controller, a pipe outer surface temperature detector and a pipe inner wall temperature detector. The pipe outer surface temperature detector is connected to the controller. When the temperature detected by the pipe outer surface temperature detector does not meet the preset outer surface temperature threshold, the controller can adjust the output power of the laser cladding head 5. In addition, the thickness of the cladding layer can be controlled in combination with the moving speed of the cladding head. The pipe inner wall temperature detector is connected to the controller. When the temperature detected by the pipe inner wall temperature detector does not meet the preset inner wall temperature threshold, the controller adjusts the output power of the preheating head 17 to achieve preheating temperature adjustment. In addition, the position of the cladding head and the position of the preheating head 17 can be monitored in real time by the controller to adjust the relative positions of the two, thereby improving the cladding quality of the pipe 4. In addition, the controller is respectively connected to the preheating head motion mechanism and the cladding head motion mechanism 6. The controller can synchronously adjust the relative positions of the preheating head 17 and the laser cladding head 5 so that the preheating area of ​​the pipe 4 corresponds to the area to be clad to ensure the cladding quality of the pipe 4.

[0041] It should be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are merely used to distinguish one entity from other entities, but do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0042] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0043] The above is a detailed introduction to a pipe laser cladding device with inner wall preheating provided by the present invention. This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the core idea of ​​the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser cladding equipment for pipes with inner wall preheating, characterized in that: include: A fixture for clamping the pipe to be processed (4); a preheating head (17) and a preheating head movement mechanism, the preheating head (17) being connected to the preheating head movement mechanism, the preheating head movement mechanism being used to drive the preheating head (17) to move to a preset preheating position on the inner wall of the pipe (4), the preheating head (17) being used to preheat the inner wall of the pipe (4); A laser cladding head (5) and a cladding head movement mechanism (6), wherein the laser cladding head (5) is connected to the cladding head movement mechanism (6), and the cladding head movement mechanism (6) is used to drive the laser cladding head (5) to move to a preset cladding position, and the laser cladding head (5) is used to perform laser cladding on the outer wall of the pipe (4) to form a cladding layer on the outer wall of the pipe (4).

2. The laser cladding equipment for pipes with inner wall preheating according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The preheating head movement mechanism comprises an X-axis mounting plate (12), an X-axis movement mechanism (11), a Y-axis mounting plate (9), a Y-axis movement mechanism (10), a Z-axis mounting plate (8), a Z-axis movement mechanism (7), a preheating head rotation mechanism (15) and a preheating head (17) mounting plate (16); the X-axis movement mechanism (11) is connected to the X-axis mounting plate (12); the Z-axis mounting plate (8) is connected to the X-axis movement mechanism (11); the Z-axis movement mechanism (7) is connected to the Z-axis mounting plate (8); the Y-axis mounting plate (9) is connected to the Z-axis movement mechanism (7); the Y-axis movement mechanism (10) is connected to the Y-axis mounting plate (9); the preheating head rotation mechanism (15) is connected to the Y-axis movement mechanism (10); and the preheating head (17) is connected to the preheating head rotation mechanism (15) via the preheating head mounting plate (16).

3. The laser cladding equipment for pipes with inner wall preheating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cladding head movement mechanism (6) comprises a mechanical arm, the laser cladding head (5) is connected to the mechanical arm, and the mechanical arm is used to adjust the position of the laser cladding head (5).

4. The laser cladding equipment for pipe fittings with inner wall preheating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamp comprises a chuck (3), a chuck drive mechanism (2) and a roller bracket (18); the chuck (3) is used to be clamped on one end of the pipe (4); the chuck drive mechanism (2) is connected to the chuck (3) and is used to drive the chuck (3) to rotate; and the roller bracket (18) is used to support the pipe clamp.

5. The laser cladding equipment for pipes with inner wall preheating according to claim 4, characterized in that: A lifting mechanism is provided at the bottom of the roller bracket (18), and the lifting mechanism is used to adjust the height position of the roller bracket (18).

6. The laser cladding equipment for pipes with inner wall preheating according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pipe laser cladding equipment further comprises a base (1), and the chuck drive mechanism (2), the roller bracket (18) and the preheating head movement mechanism are arranged on the base (1).

7. The laser cladding equipment for pipes with inner wall preheating according to claim 6, characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with a slide rail, the preheating head movement mechanism is slidably connected to the slide rail, and the preheating head movement mechanism can move towards or away from the pipe (4) on the slide rail.

8. The laser cladding equipment for pipes with inner wall preheating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preheating head (17) is a laser preheating head, and the laser preheating head and the laser cladding head (5) are connected to the same external laser or are respectively connected to different external lasers.

9. The laser cladding equipment for pipes with inner wall preheating according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: It also includes a controller, a pipe outer surface temperature detector and a pipe inner wall temperature detector, wherein the pipe outer surface temperature detector is connected to the controller, and the controller is used to adjust the output power of the laser cladding head (5) when the temperature detected by the pipe outer surface temperature detector does not meet the preset outer surface temperature threshold; the pipe inner wall temperature detector is connected to the controller, and the controller is used to adjust the output power of the preheating head (17) when the temperature detected by the pipe inner wall temperature detector does not meet the preset inner wall temperature threshold.

10. The laser cladding equipment for pipes with inner wall preheating according to claim 9, characterized in that: The controller is connected to the preheating head motion mechanism and the cladding head motion mechanism (6) respectively, and is used to synchronously adjust the relative positions of the preheating head (17) and the laser cladding head (5) so that the preheating area of ​​the pipe (4) corresponds to the area to be clad.

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