Hot melting drilling tool suitable for ice layer containing impurities

Abstract

The invention discloses a hot melting drilling tool suitable for an ice layer containing impurities, and belongs to the technical field of ice layer hot melting detection, and the hot melting drilling tool comprises a hot melting drill bit, a front end crawling mechanism, a scientific detection cavity, a deflection mechanism, a rear end crawling mechanism and a tail end mechanism. The front-end crawling mechanism drives the hot melt drill bit to rotate and is used for preventing impurity particles from gathering at the hole bottom, and the drilling efficiency is improved. One end of the scientific detection cavity is connected with the front-end crawling mechanism, the other end is connected with the deflection mechanism, and a corresponding scientific detection device is carried in the scientific detection cavity for sampling and data acquisition. The deflection mechanism is used for deflection among the mechanisms of the hot melting drilling tool, the rear end crawling mechanism in the hot melting drilling tool can enable the drilling tool to crawl on a large rock and an ice surface, and the spatial freedom degree of the drilling tool is improved. Two drilling modes of hot melt drilling and rotary drilling can be achieved, the deflection mechanism and the rear end crawling mechanism are matched with each other, drilling of the hot melt drilling tool under various geological conditions is met, the flexibility and reliability of the drilling tool are improved, and the purpose of large-depth detection is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ice layer thermal melt detection, and in particular, relates to a thermal melt drilling tool suitable for ice layers containing impurities. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing attention paid to water resources in the universe, the detection of water ice resources in extraterrestrial bodies has become an important field of planetary science research. At present, water ice resources have been detected in many extraterrestrial bodies, such as Mars, Europa and Titan. The existence of water ice in these bodies is of great significance to human exploration of the universe and the search for extraterrestrial life. In the geological exploration of the ice layer environment, heating the drill bit at the front end of the detector is an effective way to achieve rapid drilling into the ice layer. However, the geological conditions of the ice layer environment of extraterrestrial bodies are more complex than those of the earth. There may be a large number of impurity particles or rocks inside the ice layer, which will seriously affect the drilling efficiency and the success rate of the mission during the drilling process. Moreover, most of the current thermal melt detection devices are linear drilling, that is, the drill can only perform thermal melt drilling along a straight line, which cannot meet the detection of impurity-containing ice layers of extraterrestrial bodies. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a thermal melt detection device suitable for the impurity-containing environment under the ice of extraterrestrial bodies. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a hot melt drilling tool suitable for ice layers containing impurities, so as to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art such as low hot melt drilling efficiency and inability to penetrate rocks under the condition that the ice layers contain impurities.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a hot melt drilling tool suitable for ice layers containing impurities, including a hot melt drill bit, a front crawling mechanism, a scientific detection chamber, a deflection mechanism, a rear crawling mechanism and a terminal mechanism.

[0005] The front crawling mechanism is installed at the non-working end of the hot melt drill bit and the two are coaxially arranged. The front crawling mechanism is used to drive the hot melt drill bit to complete crawling and rotating actions.

[0006] Specifically, the front crawling mechanism includes a first crawling member, an internal gear set, a transmission shaft, a transmission gear set, a first motor, a first motor housing, a first motor seat, a first connecting member and a first fixing ring. The first crawling member is cylindrical in shape and has a plurality of spiral strips on its outer surface. For the convenience of description, the spiral strips arranged on the first crawling member are referred to as crawling member spiral strips. The first crawling member is fixedly mounted on the non-working end of the hot melt drill bit and the two are coaxially arranged. The first crawling member drives the hot melt drill bit to move synchronously with it. When the first crawling member rotates, the hot melt drill bit also rotates accordingly. When the first crawling member rotates on the ice surface or rock surface, it will be subjected to forward or backward friction, which can make the first crawling member and the hot melt drill bit move forward or backward at the same time. The internal gear set includes a driving pinion and a driven large gear, and the driven large gear is fixedly mounted on a boss inside the first crawler; the driving pinion is fixedly mounted on the transmission shaft, and the outer teeth of the driving pinion mesh with the inner teeth of the driven large gear to drive the rotation of the first crawler; the transmission gear set includes a transmission large gear and a transmission pinion, and the transmission large gear is connected to the motor shaft of the first motor, and the transmission large gear and the transmission pinion are matched by the external teeth meshing and transmit the power to the internal gear set through the transmission shaft, and one end of the transmission shaft is fixedly mounted on the first motor seat through a bearing and a bearing seat, and the other end is fixedly mounted on the first motor seat through a bearing and a bearing seat, and the other end is fixedly mounted on the first motor seat through a bearing and a bearing seat. The first end is fixedly mounted on the support ring through a bearing and a bearing seat; the support ring is connected to the first motor seat through a support rod; the first motor is arranged in a accommodating space surrounded by the first motor housing and the first motor seat and is fixed on the first motor seat, and the first motor housing is used to protect the first motor; the first connecting member is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the first crawler and rotates therewith, and the annular groove on the first connecting member is clamped in the annular protrusion on the first fixing ring, which can ensure that the first connecting member realizes its axial constraint during rotation; the first fixing ring is fixedly mounted on the first motor seat at one end away from the first connecting member.

[0007] The scientific detection chamber is connected to an end of the front crawling mechanism away from the hot melt drill bit, and different scientific detection devices for sampling and data collection are mounted inside the scientific detection chamber.

[0008] The deflection mechanism is installed at one end of the scientific detection chamber away from the front crawling mechanism, and is used to drive the hot melt drill bit, the front crawling mechanism and the scientific detection chamber to form a whole to adjust the angle of deflection.

[0009] Specifically, the deflection mechanism includes a first deflection frame, a first deflection frame cover, a servo, a second deflection frame, a second deflection frame cover and a bellows. The bottom of the first deflection frame is fixedly connected to the scientific detection chamber, and the first deflection frame cooperates with the first deflection frame cover; the main steering disc in the servo is fixedly mounted on the first deflection frame cover, the servo body in the servo is fixedly mounted on a boss inside the second deflection frame cover, the servo shaft in the servo extends from the second deflection frame and cooperates with the main steering disc. When the servo shaft rotates, the main steering disc, the first deflection frame cover and the first deflection frame rotate accordingly, and the second deflection frame cover is fixedly mounted on the second deflection frame; the bellows is installed on the outer walls of the first deflection frame and the second deflection frame, and can be retracted and expanded with the deflection of the first deflection frame, and can be used to realize functions such as waterproofing and dustproofing inside the hot melt drilling tool.

[0010] The rear crawling mechanism is installed at the end of the deflection mechanism, and is used to make the segments crawl between the components of the hot melt drill. The structural principle of the rear crawling mechanism is slightly different from that of the front crawling mechanism. Specifically, in order to reduce the overall size of the hot melt drill, the second motor in the rear crawling mechanism is arranged in the accommodation space surrounded by the second deflection frame and the second motor seat, the internal space of the second deflection frame is used to protect the second motor, and the second motor seat is installed on the second deflection frame to fix the second motor. The upper and lower ends of the inner wall of the second crawling member in the rear crawling mechanism are respectively fixedly connected with the second connecting member, and the annular grooves on the second connecting members at both ends are respectively matched with the annular protrusions on the corresponding second fixing rings to ensure the axial constraint when the second crawling member and the second connecting member form a whole and the second fixing ring rotate relative to each other. The second crawling member is also provided with a plurality of spiral strips on the outside, which are called crawling member spiral strips for the convenience of description. When the second crawling member rotates on the ice surface or rock surface, it will be subjected to forward or backward friction, which can make the rear crawling mechanism move forward or backward.

[0011] The number of the deflection mechanism and the rear end crawling mechanism in the hot melt drill is determined according to factors such as the drilling environment and power consumption. A single deflection mechanism can realize a 180° deflection of the first deflection frame, and two deflection mechanisms can realize a swing within a range of 360°. When multiple deflection mechanisms and the rear end crawling mechanisms are interlaced and connected with each other, the overall spatial freedom of the hot melt drill can be improved.

[0012] The terminal mechanism is installed at the end of the rear crawling mechanism. The interior of the terminal mechanism is configured according to the detection requirements. For example, in order to realize the tasks of retracting and releasing the integrated cable, the winch can be placed in the terminal mechanism. If the overall size of the drilling tool needs to be reduced, the winch can also be mounted on the lander.

[0013] The beneficial effect of a hot melt drill tool suitable for ice layers containing impurities provided by the present invention is that: compared with the prior art, the present invention proposes a hot melt drill tool suitable for ice layers containing impurities, and the hot melt drill bit can work alone or simultaneously with the front crawling mechanism. When the hot melt drill bit works alone, the hot melt drill bit melts the ice and drills; when the front crawling mechanism and the hot melt drill bit work together, the hot melt drill bit and the front crawling mechanism rotate together, disturbing the liquid and impurity particles at the bottom of the hole, and transporting the impurity particles inside the melted ice layer upward, avoiding the accumulation of impurity particles at the bottom of the hole, and improving the drilling efficiency. The deflection mechanism can make the hot melt drill tool have a certain deflection ability, and the mutual cooperation between multiple deflection mechanisms improves the spatial freedom of the drill tool. When drilling small rocks, obstacles are avoided through multiple deflections. When drilling large rocks, the hot melt drill tool can crawl on the rock through the mutual cooperation between the deflection mechanism and the rear crawling mechanism until it bypasses the rock and continues to drill, which can greatly improve the success rate of the drilling task. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a hot melt drilling tool structure suitable for ice layers containing impurities provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0016] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a hot melt drilling tool suitable for an ice layer containing impurities provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a hot melt drill bit and a front crawling mechanism of a hot melt drilling tool suitable for an ice layer containing impurities provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the connection between a first connecting member and a first fixing ring in a front crawling mechanism of a hot melt drilling tool suitable for an impurity-containing ice layer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a power transmission structure of a rear end crawling mechanism of a hot melt drilling tool suitable for ice layers containing impurities provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a deflection mechanism and a rear end crawling mechanism of a hot melt drilling tool suitable for an ice layer containing impurities provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 7A cross-sectional view of a deflection mechanism and a rear end crawling mechanism of a hot melt drilling tool suitable for an ice layer containing impurities provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of an explosion structure of a deflection mechanism of a hot melt drill suitable for an ice layer containing impurities provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the rear end crawling mechanism structure of a hot melt drilling tool suitable for ice layers containing impurities provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the working principle of a hot melt drill tool for drilling in an impurity layer in an ice layer containing impurities provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the working principle of a hot melt drill suitable for drilling in rock with impure ice layers provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] The reference numerals in the figure are as follows: 1-hot melt drill bit; 11-hot melt drill bit body; 111-hot melt drill bit spiral strip; 12-heating rod; 2-front end crawling mechanism; 21-first crawling member; 211-crawling member spiral strip; 22-internal gear set; 221-driving pinion; 222-driven large gear; 23-transmission shaft; 24-transmission gear set; 241-transmission large gear; 242-transmission pinion; 25-first motor; 26-first motor housing; 27-first motor seat; 28-first connecting member; 281-first connecting member annular groove; 29-first fixing ring; 291-first fixing ring annular protrusion; 201-support rod; 202-support ring; 203-bearing; 204-bearing seat ;3-scientific detection chamber;31-scientific detection device;4-deflection mechanism;41-first deflection frame;42-first deflection frame cover;43-servo;431-main steering plate;432-servo body;433-servo shaft;44-second deflection frame;45-second deflection frame cover;46-bellows;5-rear end crawling mechanism;51-second motor;52-second motor seat;53-second crawling member;54-second connecting member;541-second connecting member annular groove;55-second fixing ring;551-second fixing ring annular protrusion;6-terminal mechanism;7-lander;8-integrated cable;9-impurities;901-impurity particles;902-small rocks;903-large rocks. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical scheme of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and the specific implementation method can be determined according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the actual situation. In order to avoid confusing the essence of the present invention, the known methods, processes, procedures, components and circuits are not described in detail.

[0028] Please also read Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the overall structure of a hot melt drill tool suitable for an ice layer containing impurities provided in an embodiment of the present application is now described. A hot melt drill tool suitable for an ice layer containing impurities comprises a hot melt drill bit 1, a front crawling mechanism 2, a scientific detection chamber 3, a deflection mechanism 4, a rear crawling mechanism 5 and a terminal mechanism 6. The hot melt drill bit 1 is located at the head of the hot melt drill tool and is used for ice melting drilling by the hot melt drill tool; the rear end of the hot melt drill bit 1 is connected to the front crawling mechanism 2, which is used to drive the hot melt drill bit 1 to crawl and rotate; the rear end of the front crawling mechanism 2 is connected to the scientific detection chamber 3, and the space inside the scientific detection chamber 3 is equipped with different scientific detection devices 31 for sampling and data collection, which belong to the prior art here and will not be described in detail; the rear end of the scientific detection chamber 3 is connected to the deflection mechanism 4, and the deflection mechanism 4 can realize the hot melt drill bit 1, the front crawling mechanism 2 and the scientific detection chamber 3 are connected to form an integral whole. The rear crawling mechanism 5 is connected to the rear end of the deflection mechanism 4, which can realize the segmented crawling between the components of the hot melt drill. The number and position of the deflection mechanism 4 and the rear crawling mechanism 5 in the hot melt drill are determined according to factors such as the drilling environment and power consumption. The terminal mechanism 6 is arranged at the end of the hot melt drill, and its internal device is arranged according to the detection requirements. It is mainly used for the work of retracting and releasing the integrated cable 8. The winch for retracting and releasing the integrated cable 8 can be placed in the terminal mechanism 6. If the overall size of the drill needs to be reduced, the winch can also be carried on the lander 7.

[0029] Please also read Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Fig.10Now, a hot melt drill bit 1 and a front crawling mechanism 2 of a hot melt drill tool suitable for an impurity-containing ice layer provided in an embodiment of the present application are described. The hot melt drill bit 1 includes a hot melt drill bit body 11 and a heating rod 12 installed in the hot melt drill bit body 11. A wing portion extending in a spiral shape along its axial direction is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the hot melt drill bit body 11. For the convenience of description, the wing portion provided on the hot melt drill bit body 11 is referred to as a hot melt drill bit spiral strip 111; during the rotation of the hot melt drill bit 1, the impurity particles 901 are transported upward through the hot melt drill bit spiral strip 111 to prevent the impurity particles 901 from accumulating at the bottom and affecting the drilling efficiency. The hot melt drill bit body 11 is used for melting ice drilling of the hot melt drill tool in the ice layer, and the heating rod 12 is used to heat the hot melt drill bit body 11 to perform ice melting drilling of the hot melt drill tool. The front crawling mechanism 2 is installed behind the hot melt drill body 11, and the front crawling structure 2 includes a first crawling member 21, an internal gear set 22, a transmission shaft 23, a transmission gear set 24, a first motor 25, a first motor housing 26, a first motor seat 27, a first connecting member 28 and a first fixing ring 29. The first crawling member 21 is connected to the hot melt drill body 11, and a plurality of crawling member spiral strips 211 are provided on the outer wall of the first crawling member 21 for crawling of the front mechanism composed of the hot melt drill 1 and the front crawling mechanism 2. The driven large gear 222 in the internal gear set 22 is fixedly mounted on the boss on the inner wall of the first crawler 21, and the driven small gear 221 cooperates with the internal large gear 222 to drive the rotation of the first crawler 21. The driven small gear 221 is fixedly mounted on the transmission shaft 23. To ensure the stability of the movement of the transmission shaft 23, the upper end of the transmission shaft 23 is fixedly mounted on the first motor seat 27 through the bearing 203 and the bearing seat 204, and the lower end of the transmission shaft 23 is fixedly mounted on the support ring 202 through the bearing 203 and the bearing seat 204. The support ring 202 is connected to the first motor seat 27 through the support rod 201. The first motor 25 is arranged in the accommodation space surrounded by the first motor seat 27 and the first motor housing 26. The transmission gear 241 in the transmission gear set 24 is connected to the motor shaft of the first motor 25. The transmission pinion 242 in the transmission gear set 24 is fixedly installed on the transmission shaft 23. The transmission pinion 242 cooperates with the transmission gear 241 to transmit power to the internal gear set 22 through the transmission shaft 23. The first connecting member 28 is fixedly installed inside the first crawler 21. The annular groove on the first connecting member 28 cooperates with the annular protrusion on the first fixing ring 29, that is, the first connecting member annular groove 281 cooperates with the first fixing ring annular protrusion 291, to ensure axial constraint when the first crawler 21, the hot melt drill bit body 11 and the first connecting member 28 rotate, while other outer wall structures such as the first fixing ring 29 remain stationary.

[0030] The hot melt drill bit 1 in a hot melt drilling tool suitable for an impurity-containing ice layer according to the embodiment of the present application can work alone or simultaneously with the front crawling mechanism 2. When the hot melt drill bit 1 works alone, the heating rod 12 heats the hot melt drill bit body 11 to melt the ice and drill; when the front crawling mechanism 2 and the hot melt drill bit 1 work together, the hot melt drill bit body 11 and the first crawling member 21 rotate together to disturb the liquid at the bottom of the hole, and the impurity particles 901 melted inside the ice layer are transported upward along the hot melt drill bit spiral strip 111, thereby improving the drilling efficiency.

[0031] Please also read Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 Now, a deflection mechanism of a hot melt drill suitable for an impurity-containing ice layer provided in an embodiment of the present application is described. The deflection mechanism 4 includes a first deflection frame 41, a first deflection frame cover plate 42, a steering gear 43, a second deflection frame 44, a second deflection frame cover plate 45 and a bellows 46. The bottom of the first deflection frame 41 is fixedly connected to the scientific detection chamber 3, and the first deflection frame 41 cooperates with the first deflection frame cover 42; the main steering disc 431 in the servo 43 is fixedly installed on the first deflection frame cover 42 by screws, and the servo body 432 in the servo 43 is fixedly installed on the boss inside the second deflection frame cover 45, and the servo shaft 433 in the servo 43 extends from the second deflection frame 44 and cooperates with the main steering disc 431. When the servo shaft 433 rotates, the main steering disc 431, the first deflection frame cover 42 and the first deflection frame 41 also rotate accordingly, and the second deflection frame cover 45 is fixedly installed on the top of the second deflection frame 44; the bellows 46 is installed on the outer walls of the second deflection frame 44 and the first deflection frame 41, and the bellows 46 can be retracted and retracted with the deflection of the first deflection frame 41, so as to prevent water or foreign particles from entering the hot melt drilling tool.

[0032] Please also read Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Fig. 9Now, a rear crawling mechanism of a hot melt drill suitable for an impurity-containing ice layer provided in an embodiment of the present application is described. The rear crawling mechanism 5 and the structural principle are substantially the same as those of the front crawling mechanism 2, except that, in order to reduce the overall size of the hot melt drill, the second motor 51 in the rear crawling mechanism 5 is arranged in the accommodation space surrounded by the second deflection frame 44 and the second motor seat 52. One end of the first crawling member 21 in the front crawling mechanism 2 is connected to the hot melt drill bit body 11, and the other end is connected to the first connecting member 28, and both ends of the second crawling member 53 in the rear crawling mechanism 5 are fixedly connected to the second connecting members 54, and the annular grooves on the two second connecting members 54 are matched with the annular protrusions on the corresponding second fixing rings 55. One of the two second fixing rings 55 is fixedly mounted on the second motor seat 52, and the other is fixedly mounted on the first deflection frame 41 or the end mechanism 6. The power transmission method inside the rear crawling mechanism 5 is the same as that of the front crawling mechanism 2, wherein the annular groove on the second connecting member 54 is named the second connecting member annular groove 541, and the annular protrusion on the second fixing ring 55 is named the second fixing ring annular protrusion 551.

[0033] Please also read Fig.10 and Fig.11 The working process of a hot melt drill suitable for an impurity-containing ice layer provided in an embodiment of the present application is now described. The lander 7 lowers the hot melt drill through the integrated cable 8. Since the ice layer may contain impurities 9, from the perspective of the entire extraterrestrial ice sheet, the impurities 9 in the present invention include impurity particles 901 and block rocks. The block rocks are divided into small rocks 902 and large rocks 903. Some impurity particles 901 in the ice layer will accumulate at the bottom of the hole after the ice layer melts, seriously affecting the drilling efficiency, such as Fig.10 (a). The hot melt drill tool deflects the hot melt drill bit 1 and the front crawling mechanism 2 by a certain angle through the deflection mechanism 4, and drills a side hole in the front side of the drilling direction, allowing the impurity particles 901 to flow to the side hole, as shown in FIG. Fig.10 (b); The drill then returns the hot melt drill bit 1 and the front crawling mechanism 2 to the normal position through the deflection mechanism 4, such as Fig.10 (c) The hot melt drill tool continues to drill downward quickly. Fig.10 As shown in (d), it is possible to prevent foreign particles 901 from accumulating at the bottom of the hole, thereby improving drilling efficiency.

[0034] When encountering rocks during drilling, conventional hot melt drilling tools cannot penetrate the rocks, resulting in failure of the detection mission. The scientific detection device 31 in the scientific detection chamber 3 analyzes the environment of the lower ice layer during the drilling process, such as Fig.11 (a); When sensing that a small rock 902 is encountered below the drilling, the hot melt drill can bypass the small rock 902 through the cooperation between the multiple deflection mechanisms 4, such as Fig.11(b); When it is sensed that a large rock 903 will be encountered during the drilling process, the drill bit is limited by its own length and cannot bypass the large rock 903 through the deflection mechanism 4. At this time, the front crawling mechanism 2 and the rear crawling mechanism 5 play a role. Through the mutual cooperation between the deflection mechanism 4, the front crawling mechanism 2 and the crawling structure 5, the drill bit crawls on the large rock 903 through the crawling member until it bypasses the large rock 903 and continues to perform hot melt drilling downwards, such as Fig.11 (c) This method greatly improves the flexibility of the drilling tool, ensures the safe and stable progress of the detection mission, and improves the success rate of the mission.

[0035] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A hot melt drilling tool suitable for ice layers containing impurities, characterized in that: include: A hot melt drill bit (1), a front crawling mechanism (2), a scientific detection chamber (3), a deflection mechanism (4), a rear crawling mechanism (5) and a terminal mechanism (6), wherein the number of the deflection mechanisms (4) is the same as the number of the rear crawling mechanisms (5), and the number is at least one. When the hot melt drill tool suitable for the impurity-containing ice layer has at least two deflection mechanisms (4) and rear crawling mechanisms (5), the two are arranged alternately; The front crawling mechanism (2) is fixedly mounted on the non-working end of the hot melt drill bit (1) and the two are coaxially arranged. The front crawling structure (2) is used to drive the hot melt drill bit (1) to crawl and rotate. The outer peripheral surface of the front crawling mechanism (2) is a crawling surface. The crawling surface is used to contact with a walking surface to generate friction, so that the front crawling mechanism (2) moves along the walking surface; the walking surface is an ice surface or a rock surface; The scientific detection chamber (3) is fixedly connected to an end of the front crawling mechanism (2) away from the hot melt drill bit (1), and the scientific detection chamber (3) and the front crawling mechanism (2) are coaxially arranged. Different scientific detection devices (31) for sampling and data collection are installed inside the scientific detection chamber (3) according to detection requirements; The deflection mechanism (4) is installed at one end of the scientific detection chamber (3) away from the front crawling mechanism (2). The deflection mechanism (4) is used to drive the hot melt drill bit (1), the front crawling mechanism (2) and the scientific detection chamber (3) to form a whole to adjust the angle of deflection. The deflection mechanism (4) includes a first deflection frame (41), a first deflection frame cover plate (42), a steering gear (43), a second deflection frame (44) and a second deflection frame cover plate (45). The bottom of the first deflection frame (41) is fixedly connected to the scientific detection chamber (3). The first deflection frame (41) and the first deflection frame cover plate (42) are connected to the scientific detection chamber (3). ); the main steering disc (431) in the steering gear (43) is fixedly mounted on the first deflection frame cover plate (42); the steering gear body (432) in the steering gear (43) is fixedly mounted on a boss inside the second deflection frame cover plate (45); the steering gear shaft (433) in the steering gear (43) extends from the second deflection frame (44) and cooperates with the main steering disc (431); when the steering gear shaft (433) rotates, the main steering disc (431), the first deflection frame cover plate (42) and the first deflection frame (41) rotate accordingly; the second deflection frame cover plate (45) is fixedly mounted on the second deflection frame (44); When at least two of the deflection mechanisms (4) and the rear end crawling mechanisms (5) are alternately connected to each other, they are used to complete the rotation and crawling operation of the entire hot melt drilling tool in three-dimensional space; The terminal mechanism (6) is fixedly connected to the rear end crawling mechanism (5).

2. The hot melt drilling tool suitable for ice layers containing impurities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer peripheral surface of the hot melt drill bit (1) is formed with a wing portion extending in a spiral shape along its axial direction.

3. The hot melt drilling tool suitable for ice layers containing impurities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front crawling structure (2) comprises a first crawling member (21), an internal gear set (22), a transmission shaft (23), a transmission gear set (24), a first motor (25), a first motor housing (26), a first motor seat (27), a first connecting member (28) and a first fixing ring (29); the first crawling member (21) is cylindrical in shape and has a plurality of spiral strips on its outer surface; the internal gear set (22) comprises a driving pinion (221) and a driven large gear (222); the driven large gear (222) is fixedly mounted on a boss inside the first crawler (21); the driving pinion (221) is fixedly mounted on the transmission shaft (23), and the external teeth of the driving pinion (221) mesh with the internal teeth of the driven large gear (222); the transmission gear set (24) comprises a large transmission gear (241) and a small transmission gear (242), the large transmission gear (241) is connected to the motor shaft of the first motor (25), and the large transmission gear (241) and the small transmission gear (242) are meshed with each other through external teeth. The transmission pinion (242) is fixedly mounted on the transmission shaft (23); one end of the transmission shaft (23) is fixedly mounted on the first motor seat (27) through a bearing (203) and a bearing seat (204), and the other end is fixedly mounted on the support ring (202) through a bearing (203) and a bearing seat (204); the support ring (202) is connected to the first motor seat (27) through a support rod (201); the first motor (25) is arranged on a first motor housing (26) and a first The first connecting member (28) is fixed on the inner wall of the first crawler (21) and is arranged in a receiving space surrounded by the motor seat (27); the first connecting member (28) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the first crawler (21); the annular groove on the first connecting member (28) cooperates with the annular protrusion on the first fixing ring (29) to axially constrain the first connecting member (28) so that it can only rotate relative to the first fixing ring (29); the end of the first fixing ring (29) away from the first connecting member (28) is fixedly mounted on the first motor seat (27).

4. The hot melt drilling tool suitable for ice layers containing impurities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer walls of the first deflection frame (41) and the second deflection frame (44) are installed with bellows (46), and the bellows (46) expands and contracts with the deflection of the first deflection frame (41).

5. The hot melt drilling tool suitable for ice layers containing impurities according to claim 3, characterized in that: The difference between the rear-end crawling mechanism (5) and the front-end crawling structure (2) lies in that the second motor (51) in the rear-end crawling mechanism (5) is arranged in a receiving space surrounded by the second deflection frame (44) and the second motor seat (52), and both ends of the second crawling member (53) in the rear-end crawling mechanism (5) are fixedly connected to the second connecting members (54), and the annular grooves on the two second connecting members (54) are matched with the annular protrusions on the corresponding second fixing rings (55), and one of the two second fixing rings (55) is fixedly mounted on the second motor seat (52), and the other is fixedly mounted on the first deflection frame (41) or the end mechanism (6).

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