Friction-wear testing machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of testing machines, and particularly discloses a friction wear testing machine which comprises a machine body, supporting plates distributed up and down and a workbench used for placing a test block are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the machine body, an air cylinder is fixedly installed at the top of each supporting plate, and the output end of each air cylinder slidably penetrates through the corresponding supporting plate and is fixedly provided with a driving plate. A guiding test unit, a reciprocating unit and a self-avoiding adjusting unit are arranged at the bottom of the driving plate, and the self-avoiding adjusting unit comprises an adjusting assembly, a control assembly used for controlling the adjusting assembly and a control groove matched with the control assembly. In three types of friction tests in a sliding friction test, a rolling friction test and a rotary friction test, a reciprocating assembly is matched with a moving assembly to control and drive, so that the overall structure of the equipment is simplified, independent drive for each type of friction test is not needed, the mechanical complexity and the maintenance difficulty are reduced, and the production efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the manufacturing and using cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of testing machines, and more particularly to a friction and wear testing machine. Background Art

[0002] The friction and wear tester is a device used to test the tribological properties of materials under different conditions. It can simulate various actual working environments, such as temperature, humidity, lubrication status, etc., and can apply different loads and relative motion modes to evaluate the friction force, wear amount and possible thermal effects between material surfaces. It is widely used in many industries such as materials science, mechanical engineering, automotive industry, aerospace, etc.

[0003] The test types in friction and wear tests generally include: sliding friction and wear, rotational friction and wear, and rolling friction and wear. Different types of friction and wear tests have different requirements for contact geometry, material hardness, and loading methods. Therefore, it is necessary to use the test head that best suits the working conditions to ensure the accuracy and representativeness of the test results. At present, the test heads of most friction and wear testing machines need to be disassembled and replaced separately. A small number of new testing machines adjust the test heads by switching on a turntable, but the current testing machines still have certain defects: First, the test heads of most friction and wear testing machines need to be disassembled and replaced separately, and replacement is rather cumbersome. A small number of new testing machines adjust the test heads by switching on a turntable, but a single test head needs to be separately configured with drive components, which significantly increases the mechanical complexity of the testing machine, which not only increases the manufacturing cost, but also increases the difficulty of maintenance.

[0004] Secondly, in the design of the turntable switching test head, the load reaction force applied to the test block usually does not act on the center of the turntable, but on the eccentric point of the entire turntable, which makes the turntable prone to slight displacement or tilt during the force application process, causing the relative position between the test head and the test block to change, thereby affecting the test accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention provides a friction and wear testing machine, which solves the technical problems in the prior art that each test head is driven individually and a turntable is prone to slight displacement or tilt during a force-bearing process.

[0006] The present invention provides a friction and wear testing machine, which includes a machine body. Inside the machine body, there are fixedly installed a support plate and a workbench for placing test blocks, which are distributed vertically. At the top of the support plate, a cylinder is fixedly installed. The output end of the cylinder slides through the support plate and is fixedly installed with a driving plate. At the bottom of the driving plate, there are arranged a guiding and testing unit, a reciprocating unit, and a self-avoiding and adjusting unit. The self-avoiding and adjusting unit includes an adjusting component, a control component for controlling the adjusting component, and a control groove that cooperates with the control component. Both the adjusting component and the control component are provided with a plurality of circumferentially distributed ones. The guiding and testing unit includes a plurality of test heads distributed circumferentially, a plurality of reciprocating guiding components distributed circumferentially, and a circumferential guiding component. The reciprocating unit includes a reciprocating component and a plurality of moving components distributed circumferentially.

[0007] The control unit includes a rotating shaft rotatably installed at the bottom of the driving plate. The adjusting component includes a mounting sleeve and a sliding rod slidably installed inside the mounting sleeve. At the bottom end of the sliding rod, a slide rail is fixedly installed. The moving component includes a moving block fixedly installed on the inner wall of the slide rail close to the rotating shaft side through a second return spring. On the side of the moving block away from the second return spring, a moving rod slidably penetrating the slide rail is fixedly installed.

[0008] When rotating to switch to the next test head, the moving component corresponding to this test head cooperates with the reciprocating component to achieve the function of co-driving multiple test heads.

[0009] Further, an axial sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the rotating shaft. The adjusting component further includes a first guiding rod fixedly installed on the side of the slide rail close to the axial sleeve and a first guiding groove opened on the outer side of the axial sleeve and slidably matched with the first guiding rod.

[0010] Further, the control component includes an L-shaped plate fixedly installed on the side of the mounting sleeve away from the axial sleeve through a mounting rod. At the bottom top wall of the L-shaped plate, a return sleeve is fixedly installed through a first return spring. The return sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the sliding rod. A fixing ring is fixedly installed at the bottom of the driving plate, and a control groove matched with the sliding rod is opened on the inner wall of the fixing ring.

[0011] Further, the control groove is composed of a lower flat section, a lifting section, an upper flat section, and a vertical section that are interconnected. When switching to the next test head, when the rotating shaft rotates, the next sliding rod first slides up along the lifting section from the horizontal section and enters the upper flat section for horizontal rotation, and finally enters the vertical section from the upper flat section and moves down to drive the test head to closely adhere to the test block.

[0012] Further, the reciprocating component includes an L-shaped frame fixedly installed on the left side of the driving plate and a disc rotatably installed at the bottom of the L-shaped frame. An eccentrically arranged connecting rod is rotatably installed at the bottom of the disc. The top of the connecting rod is rotatably installed with a reciprocating rod. On the right side of the L-shaped frame, a U-shaped rail is fixedly installed through a connecting rod. The reciprocating rod is slidably connected inside the U-shaped rail. A driving motor is fixedly installed at the top of the L-shaped frame. The bottom end of the output shaft of the driving motor slides through the L-shaped frame and is fixedly connected to the disc.

[0013] Furthermore, the test heads are set to three, namely a sliding friction test head, a rolling friction test head and a rotating friction test head. The adjustment components are set to three, the sliding friction test head and the rolling friction test head are respectively fixedly installed at the bottom of two of the moving blocks, and the rotating friction test head is rotatably installed at the bottom of the slide rail corresponding to the other moving block.

[0014] Furthermore, the reciprocating guide assembly includes two guide rods 2 symmetrically installed on the moving blocks corresponding to the rolling friction test head and the rotating friction test head. Two guide grooves 2 that are symmetrical front and back are provided on the slide rails corresponding to the rolling friction test head and the rotating friction test head. The guide rods 2 are slidably connected in the corresponding guide grooves 2, and the bottom end of the guide rods 2 extends to near the workbench.

[0015] Furthermore, the circumferential guide assembly includes an L-shaped rod fixedly mounted on the rear side of the slide rail corresponding to the rotary friction test head and a limiting sleeve fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the L-shaped rod and rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the rotary friction test head.

[0016] Furthermore, a slide groove is provided on the front side of the slide rail corresponding to the rotary friction test head, a slide rod slidably connected to the slide groove is fixedly installed on the front side of the moving block corresponding to the rotary friction test head, a rack is fixedly installed on the bottom end of the slide rod, and the outer fixed sleeve of the rotary friction test head is provided with a gear matching with the rack.

[0017] Furthermore, the control unit also includes a control motor fixedly installed on the top of the driving plate, the output end of the control motor rotates through the driving plate and is connected to the rotating shaft through gear transmission, and a block 2 and two block 1s symmetrical in front and back are fixedly installed on the top of the workbench. The test block is placed between the two block 1s, and the front and rear positions of the test block can be fixed by the block 1. The block 2 is located on the left side of the two block 1s and is used to press against the left side of the test block. A rotating plate is rotatably installed on the bottom end of the rotating shaft, and a wedge ring is fixedly installed on the bottom of the rotating plate.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. In the present application, in the sliding friction test, rolling friction test and rotational friction test, the three types of friction tests all use a reciprocating component in conjunction with a moving component for control and drive, thereby simplifying the overall structure of the equipment. There is no need to set up a separate drive for each type of friction test, reducing mechanical complexity and maintenance difficulty, while reducing manufacturing and use costs.

[0019] 2. In this application, the rolling friction test head and the sliding friction test head are guided by the second guiding rod, providing additional support and guidance, ensuring that the rolling friction test head and the sliding friction test head always maintain coaxiality with the test block during the reciprocating movement, making the contact between the test head and the test block more stable, the wear of the contact surface more uniform, avoiding local stress concentration and uneven wear caused by misalignment, thereby improving the accuracy of friction force measurement. At the same time, the limiting sleeve can limit the radial and axial movement of the rotational friction test head, ensuring that the rotational friction test head maintains a fixed axis during rotation, reducing errors caused by deviation, and thus greatly improving the accuracy of the rotational friction test.

[0020] 3. In this application, during the process of rotating and switching the test head, when the slide rail moves up and down, it will drive the first guiding rod to slide along the first guiding groove. Under the action of the first guiding rod and the first guiding groove, it can guide the slide rail, ensuring that the slide rail always maintains a linear movement during the up and down movement, avoiding affecting the coaxiality between the test head and the test block due to the deviation of the slide rail, ensuring the correct alignment between the rotational friction test head and the test block, and improving the accuracy of the test results.

[0021] 4. In this application, the second guiding rod ensures the precise guidance of the test head in the horizontal direction, while the first guiding rod ensures the precise control of the slide rail in the horizontal direction, thereby achieving a dual guiding effect on the test head. The dual guiding mechanism significantly improves the contact accuracy between the test head and the test block, and further improves the accuracy of the test results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the driving plate, self-avoiding adjustment unit, guiding and testing unit, and reciprocating unit of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the cylinder, driving plate, control motor, first stop block, and second stop block of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the L-shaped frame, driving motor, U-shaped rail, disc, and reciprocating rod of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the rotating plate, wedge-shaped ring, fixed ring, rotating shaft, and control groove of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the test head, mounting sleeve, rack, and guiding and testing unit of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional structural sectional view of the first reset spring, reset sleeve, sliding rod and guiding rod II of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the bushing, guiding groove I, L-shaped plate, first reset spring and limiting sleeve of the present invention.

[0030] Fig. 9 is the present invention Figure 8 partial enlarged view of part A in

[0031] Fig.10 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the control groove and fixed ring of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1, body; 2, workbench; 3, support plate; 4, cylinder; 5, drive plate; 6, self-avoiding adjustment unit; 7, guiding test unit; 8, reciprocating unit; 9, control unit; 10, rotating plate; 11, wedge ring; 12, first stop block; 13, second stop block; 14, test block; 601, adjustment component; 602, control component; 603, control groove; 6011, mounting sleeve; 6012, sliding rod; 6013, slide rail; 6014, first guiding rod; 6015, first guiding groove; 6021, L-shaped plate; 6022, first reset spring; 6023, reset sleeve; 6024, fixed ring; 6031, lower flat section; 6032, lifting section; 6033, upper flat section; 6034, vertical section; 701, test head; 702, reciprocating guiding component; 703, circumferential guiding component; 704, sliding groove; 705, sliding rod; 706, gear; 707, rack; 7021, second guiding rod; 7022, second guiding groove; 7031, L-shaped rod; 7032, limiting sleeve; 801, reciprocating component; 802, drive motor; 803, moving component; 8011, L-shaped frame; 8012, disc; 8013, connecting rod; 8014, reciprocating rod; 8015, C-shaped rail; 8031, second reset spring; 8032, moving block; 8033, moving rod; 901, rotating shaft; 902, bushing; 903, control motor. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] Now, the subject matter described herein will be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed so that those skilled in the art can better understand and thus implement the subject matter described herein. The functions and arrangements of the elements discussed can be changed without departing from the scope of protection of the content of this specification. Each example can omit, substitute or add various processes or components as needed. Additionally, the features described relative to some examples can be combined in other examples.

[0034] Refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Fig.10 In this embodiment, a friction and wear testing machine is proposed, including a body 1, the inner wall of the body 1 is fixedly installed with a support plate 3 and a workbench 2 distributed up and down, the workbench 2 is used to place a test block 14, a cylinder 4 is fixedly installed on the top of the support plate 3, the output end of the cylinder 4 slides through the support plate 3 and is fixedly installed with a drive plate 5, and the bottom of the drive plate 5 is provided with a guide test unit 7, a reciprocating unit 8 and a plurality of circumferentially distributed self-avoidance adjustment units 6, the self-avoidance adjustment unit 6 includes an adjustment component 601, a control component 602 for controlling the adjustment component 601 and a control groove 603 matched with the control component 602, the guide test unit 7 includes a plurality of circumferentially distributed test heads 701, a plurality of circumferentially distributed reciprocating guide components 702 and a circumferential guide component 703, and the reciprocating unit 8 includes a reciprocating component 801 and a plurality of circumferentially distributed moving components 803.

[0035] See also Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 The control unit 9 includes a rotating shaft 901 rotatably mounted at the bottom of the driving plate 5 and a control motor 903 fixedly mounted at the top of the driving plate 5. The output end of the control motor 903 rotates through the driving plate 5 and is connected to the rotating shaft 901 by gear transmission.

[0036] See also Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 A stopper 13 and two stoppers 12 symmetrically arranged in front and back are fixedly installed on the top of the workbench 2. A test block 14 is placed between the two stoppers 12. The front and rear positions of the test block 14 can be fixed by the stopper 12. The stopper 13 is located on the left side of the two stoppers 12 and is used to press against the left side of the test block 14. A rotating plate 10 is rotatably installed on the bottom end of the rotating shaft 901, and a wedge ring 11 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the rotating plate 10.

[0037] During specific use, the test block 14 to be tested is first placed between the two stoppers 12 and the left side of the test block 14 is placed against the stopper 13. Under the action of the two stoppers 12, the front and rear positions of the test block 14 can be limited. Then, the cylinder 4 is started, and the output end of the cylinder 4 pushes the drive plate 5 to move downward, driving the rotating plate 10 to move downward, thereby driving the wedge ring 11 to move downward, and then driving the wedge ring 11 to squeeze the test block 14, and clamping the test block 14 on the stopper 13 to fix it, ensuring that the position of the test block 14 on the workbench 2 is accurate and avoiding displacement or tilting during the test.

[0038] See also Figure 3 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9, the adjustment component 601 includes a mounting sleeve 6011 and a sliding rod 6012 slidably mounted within the mounting sleeve 6011. A slide rail 6013 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the sliding rod 6012. The moving component 803 includes a second return spring 8031 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the slide rail 6013 near the rotating shaft 901 and a moving block 8032 fixedly installed at the other end of the second return spring 8031. A moving rod 8033 slidably penetrating the slide rail 6013 is fixedly installed on the side of the moving block 8032 away from the second return spring 8031.

[0039] Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the reciprocating component 801 includes an L-shaped frame 8011 fixedly installed on the left side of the driving plate 5 and a disc 8012 rotatably installed at the bottom of the L-shaped frame 8011. An eccentric connecting rod 8013 is rotatably installed at the bottom of the disc 8012. A reciprocating rod 8014 is rotatably installed at the top of the connecting rod 8013. A U-shaped rail 8015 is fixedly installed on the right side of the L-shaped frame 8011 through a connecting rod. The reciprocating rod 8014 is slidably connected within the U-shaped rail 8015. A driving motor 802 is fixedly installed at the top of the L-shaped frame 8011. The bottom end of the output shaft of the driving motor 802 slidably penetrates the L-shaped frame 8011 and is fixedly connected to the disc 8012.

[0040] Refer to Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 , there are three test heads 701, which are a sliding friction test head, a rolling friction test head, and a rotational friction test head respectively. The bottom of the rolling friction test head is a rolling steel ball. The adjustment component 601 and the moving component 803 are provided in three. The sliding friction test head and the rolling friction test head are respectively fixedly installed at the bottoms of two of the moving blocks 8032, and the rotational friction test head is rotatably installed at the bottom of the slide rail 6013 corresponding to the other moving block 8032.

[0041] Refer to Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 , a chute 704 is formed on the front side of the slide rail 6013 corresponding to the rotational friction test head. A slide bar 705 slidably connected to the chute 704 is fixedly installed on the front side of the moving block 8032 corresponding to the rotational friction test head. A rack 707 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the slide bar 705. A gear 706 engaged with the rack 707 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the rotational friction test head.

[0042] It should be noted that a pressure sensor is provided on the test head 701 for measuring the pressure applied to the test block 14.

[0043] During specific use, after clamping the test block 14 on the second stop block 13 for fixation, a sliding friction test is started (at this time, the sliding friction test head is in close contact with the test block 14). The driving motor 802 is started, and the output shaft of the driving motor 802 rotates to drive the disc 8012 to rotate, thereby driving the connecting rod 8013 eccentrically arranged with the disc 8012 to drive the reciprocating rod 8014 to move left and right reciprocally within the U-shaped rail 8015. During the reciprocating movement of the reciprocating rod 8014, when the reciprocating rod 8014 moves to the right, it will squeeze the moving rod 8033 located on the left side at this time, causing the moving rod 8033 to drive the moving block 8032 to move to the right and squeeze the second return spring 8031. When the reciprocating rod 8014 moves to the left, the second return spring 8031 resets, driving the moving block 8032 to move to the left. This cycle is repeated, so that the rotational friction test head reciprocates on the top of the test block 14 to conduct a sliding friction test.

[0044] After the sliding friction test is completed, first control the driving motor 802 to stop, and then control the air cylinder 4 to contract, driving the driving plate 5 to move upward, thereby driving the wedge ring 11 to move upward to release the fixation of the test block 14. Then, take out the test block 14, measure the mass change of the test block 14 before and after the test by the weighing method, calculate the wear amount, and then place the new test block 14 between the two first stop blocks 12. Next, control the output end of the air cylinder 4 to push the driving plate 5 downward again to fix the new test block 14. During the process of the driving plate 5 moving downward to drive the wedge ring 11 to fix the test block 14, start the control motor 903. The output shaft of the control motor 903 rotates to drive the rotating shaft 901 to rotate through a gear transmission method. As the rotating shaft 901 rotates, it will drive the sliding friction test head to move away from above the new test block 14, and at the same time, the rotational friction test head rotates toward the side close to the new test block 14. After the wedge ring 11 clamps the new test block 14 on the second stop block, the output end of the air cylinder 4 stops. At the same time, as the rotating shaft 901 continues to rotate, it will drive the rotational friction test head to continue to rotate toward the side close to the new test block 14, and the sliding rod 6012 slides along the control groove 603. First, drive the rotational friction test head to move upward to above the test block 14, and then when the rotational friction test head moves to directly above the test block 14, the sliding rod 6012 cooperates with the control component 602 and the control groove 603 to drive the rotational friction test head to move downward and press tightly on the top of the test block 14. Then, drive the reciprocating rod 8014 to push the moving rod 8033 to reciprocate again through the driving motor 802, so that the moving block 8032 reciprocates. As the moving block 8032 reciprocates, it will drive the rack 707 to reciprocally drive the gear 706, thereby driving the rotational friction test head to reciprocally rotate on the top of the test block 14 to conduct a rotational friction test.

[0045] Then, repeat the above operation, take out the test block 14 that has completed the rotation friction test and replace it with a new test block 14 to perform the rolling friction test. During the rolling friction test, the rolling friction test head reciprocates to drive the rolling steel ball at its bottom to reciprocate on the top of the test block 14 to perform the rolling friction test. In the entire test, the three types of friction tests are controlled and driven by the reciprocating component 801 in conjunction with the moving component 803, thereby simplifying the overall structure of the equipment, eliminating the need to set up a separate drive for each type of friction test, reducing mechanical complexity and maintenance difficulty, and reducing manufacturing and use costs.

[0046] See also Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The outer fixed sleeve of the rotating shaft 901 is provided with a shaft sleeve 902, and the adjusting component 601 also includes a guide rod 6014 fixedly installed on the side of the slide rail 6013 close to the shaft sleeve 902 and a guide groove 6015 opened on the outer side of the shaft sleeve 902 and slidably matched with the guide rod 6014.

[0047] See also Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The control component 602 includes an L-shaped plate 6021 fixedly mounted on the side of the mounting sleeve 6011 away from the shaft sleeve 902 through a mounting rod, and a reset sleeve 6023 is fixedly mounted on the bottom top wall of the L-shaped plate 6021 through a reset spring 6022. The reset sleeve 6023 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the sliding rod 6012, and a fixing ring 6024 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the driving plate 5. The inner wall of the fixing ring 6024 is provided with a control groove 603 that matches the sliding rod 6012.

[0048] See also Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The control groove 603 is composed of a lower flat section 6031, a lifting section 6032, an upper flat section 6033 and a vertical section 6034 that are interconnected. When the rotating shaft 901 rotates to switch the next test head 701, the next sliding rod 6012 first slides upward from the horizontal section along the lifting section 6032 and enters the upper flat section 6033 to rotate horizontally, and finally enters the vertical section 6034 from the upper flat section 6033 and moves downward, driving the test head 701 to be close to the test block 14.

[0049] When in use, during the process of rotating and switching the rotating friction test head, the rotation of the rotating shaft 901 will drive the rotating friction test head to rotate toward the side close to the new test block 14, and the sliding rod 6012 gradually slides from the lower flat section 6031 of the control groove 603 through the lifting section 6032 to the upper flat section 6033 and stretches the reset spring 1 6022, so that the slide rail 6013 drives the rotating friction test head to move upward to the top of the test block 14 through the moving block 8032, and then when the sliding rod 6012 moves to the vertical section 6034, the reset spring 1 6022 is reset, driving the slide rail 6013 downward. The guide rod 1 6014 and the guide groove 1 6015 guide the slide rail 6013, thereby ensuring that the slide rail 6013 always maintains a linear motion during the up and down movement, thereby preventing the coaxiality of the test head 701 and the test block 14 from being affected by the offset of the slide rail 6013, thereby ensuring the correct alignment between the rotary friction test head and the test block 14 and improving the accuracy of the test results.

[0050] See also Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The reciprocating guide assembly 702 includes two guide rods 7021 symmetrically mounted on the moving blocks 8032 corresponding to the rolling friction test head and the rotating friction test head. Two guide grooves 7022 symmetrically arranged in front and back are provided on the slide rails 6013 corresponding to the rolling friction test head and the rotating friction test head. The guide rods 7021 are slidably connected in the corresponding guide grooves 7022, and the bottom ends of the guide rods 7021 extend close to the workbench 2.

[0051] During the process of rotating and switching the sliding friction test head or the rolling friction test head, the slide rail 6013 moves downward to drive the test head 701 to move downward, and while pressing against the top of the test block 14, it also drives the guide rod 2 7021 to move downward and be symmetrically distributed on the front and back sides of the test block 14. At the same time, the guide rod 2 7021 is tightly attached to the test block 14.

[0052] See also Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The circumferential guide assembly 703 includes an L-shaped rod 7031 fixedly mounted on the rear side of the slide rail 6013 corresponding to the rotary friction test head and a limiting sleeve 7032 fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the L-shaped rod 7031 and rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the rotary friction test head.

[0053] During specific use, when the rolling friction test head and the sliding friction test head are in reciprocating motion, the movement of the moving block 8032 corresponding to the rolling friction test head and the sliding friction test head will drive the guide rod 2 7021 to move synchronously, so that the guide rod 2 7021 slides along the front and rear side walls of the test block 14, and then guides the rolling friction test head and the sliding friction test head, providing additional support and guidance, ensuring that the rolling friction test head and the sliding friction test head always remain coaxial with the test block 14 during the reciprocating movement, making the contact between the test head 701 and the test block 14 more stable, and the contact surface wear more evenly, avoiding local stress concentration and uneven wear caused by misalignment, thereby improving the accuracy of friction force measurement.

[0054] During the rotational friction test, the limit sleeve 7032 can limit the radial and axial movement of the rotational friction test head, ensuring that the rotational friction test head maintains a fixed axis during rotation, reducing errors caused by offset, and thereby greatly improving the accuracy of the rotational friction test.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that: Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples for clearly explaining the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For ordinary technicians in the relevant field, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived from this are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A friction and wear testing machine, characterized in that: include: A machine body (1), wherein an inner wall of the machine body (1) is fixedly mounted with support plates (3) distributed up and down and a workbench (2) for placing a test block (14), a cylinder (4) is fixedly mounted on the top of the support plate (3), an output end of the cylinder (4) slides through the support plate (3) and is fixedly mounted with a drive plate (5), and a guide test unit (7), a reciprocating unit (8) and a self-avoidance adjustment unit (6) are arranged at the bottom of the drive plate (5); The self-avoidance adjustment unit (6) comprises an adjustment component (601), a control component (602) for controlling the adjustment component (601), and a control slot (603) matched with the control component (602), the adjustment component and the control component are both provided with a plurality of circumferentially distributed test heads (701), a plurality of circumferentially distributed reciprocating guide components (702) and a circumferential guide component (703), and the reciprocating unit (8) comprises a reciprocating component (801) and a plurality of circumferentially distributed moving components (803); The control unit (9) comprises a rotating shaft (901) rotatably mounted on the bottom of the driving plate (5); the adjusting component (601) comprises a mounting sleeve (6011) and a sliding rod (6012) slidably mounted in the mounting sleeve (6011); a sliding rail (6013) is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the sliding rod (6012); the moving component (803) comprises a moving block (8032) fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the sliding rail (6013) close to the rotating shaft (901) through a second return spring (8031); a moving rod (8033) slidably penetrating the sliding rail (6013) is fixedly mounted on the side of the moving block (8032) away from the second return spring (8031); When the next test head (701) is rotated and switched, the moving assembly (803) corresponding to the test head (701) cooperates with the reciprocating assembly (801) to achieve the function of co-driving multiple test heads (701).

2. A friction and wear testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer fixed sleeve of the rotating shaft (901) is provided with a shaft sleeve (902), and the adjustment component (601) further comprises a guide rod (6014) fixedly mounted on the side of the slide rail (6013) close to the shaft sleeve (902) and a guide groove (6015) opened on the outer side of the shaft sleeve (902) and slidably matched with the guide rod (6014).

3. A friction and wear testing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control assembly (602) comprises an L-shaped plate (6021) fixedly mounted on a side of a mounting sleeve (6011) away from the shaft sleeve (902) via a mounting rod; a reset sleeve (6023) is fixedly mounted on the top wall of the bottom of the L-shaped plate (6021) via a reset spring (6022); the reset sleeve (6023) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the sliding rod (6012); a fixing ring (6024) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the driving plate (5); and a control groove (603) matching the sliding rod (6012) is provided on the inner wall of the fixing ring (6024).

4. A friction and wear testing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control groove (603) is composed of a lower flat section (6031), a lifting section (6032), an upper flat section (6033) and a vertical section (6034) that are interconnected. When switching to the next test head (701), when the rotating shaft (901) rotates, the next sliding rod (6012) first slides up along the lifting section (6032) from the horizontal section and enters the upper flat section (6033) for horizontal rotation, and finally enters the vertical section (6034) from the upper flat section (6033) and moves down, driving the test head (701) to closely adhere to the test block (14).

5. A friction and wear testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reciprocating assembly (801) includes an L-shaped frame (8011) fixedly installed on the left side of the driving plate (5) and a disc (8012) rotatably installed at the bottom of the L-shaped frame (8011). An eccentrically arranged connecting rod (8013) is rotatably installed at the bottom of the disc (8012), and a reciprocating rod (8014) is rotatably installed at the top of the connecting rod (8013). A C-shaped rail (8015) is fixedly installed on the right side of the L-shaped frame (8011) through a connecting rod. The reciprocating rod (8014) is slidably connected within the C-shaped rail (8015). A driving motor (802) is fixedly installed at the top of the L-shaped frame (8011), and the bottom end of the output shaft of the driving motor (802) slidably penetrates through the L-shaped frame (8011) and is fixedly connected to the disc (8012).

6. A friction and wear testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are three test heads (701), which are a sliding friction test head, a rolling friction test head, and a rotational friction test head respectively. The adjusting assembly (601) is provided with three. The sliding friction test head and the rolling friction test head are respectively fixedly installed at the bottoms of two of the moving blocks (8032), and the rotational friction test head is rotatably installed at the bottom of the slide rail (6013) corresponding to the other moving block (8032).

7. A friction and wear testing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The reciprocating guiding assembly (702) includes two guiding rods II (7021) symmetrically installed on the moving blocks (8032) corresponding to the rolling friction test head and the rotational friction test head. Two symmetrically arranged guiding grooves II (7022) are formed on the slide rails (6013) corresponding to the rolling friction test head and the rotational friction test head. The guiding rods II (7021) are slidably connected within the corresponding guiding grooves II (7022), and the bottom ends of the guiding rods II (7021) extend to a position close to the workbench (2).

8. A friction and wear testing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The circumferential guiding assembly (703) includes an L-shaped rod (7031) fixedly installed at the rear side of the slide rail (6013) corresponding to the rotational friction test head and a limiting sleeve (7032) fixedly installed at the bottom end of the L-shaped rod (7031) and rotatably sleeved outside the rotational friction test head.

9. A friction and wear testing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: A chute (704) is formed on the front side of the slide rail (6013) corresponding to the rotational friction test head. A slide rod (705) slidably connected to the chute (704) is fixedly installed on the front side of the moving block (8032) corresponding to the rotational friction test head. A rack (707) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the slide rod (705), and a gear (706) engaged with the rack (707) is fixedly sleeved outside the rotational friction test head.

10. A friction and wear testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit (9) further comprises a control motor (903) fixedly mounted on the top of the driving plate (5); the output end of the control motor (903) rotates through the driving plate (5) and is connected to the rotating shaft (901) by means of gear transmission; a second stopper (13) and two front-to-rear symmetrical first stops (12) are fixedly mounted on the top of the workbench (2); a test block (14) is placed between the two first stops (12); the front-to-rear position of the test block (14) can be fixed by the first stopper (12); the second stopper (13) is located on the left side of the two first stops (12) and is used to press against the left side of the test block (14); a rotating plate (10) is rotatably mounted on the bottom end of the rotating shaft (901); a wedge ring (11) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the rotating plate (10).

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