Self-adaptive glasses leg based on multifunctional shape memory alloy, glasses and preparation method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of glasses manufacturing, and discloses a self-adaptive glasses leg based on multifunctional shape memory alloy, glasses and a preparation method, the glasses leg comprises a glasses leg front end and a glasses leg rear end, the glasses leg front end and the glasses leg rear end are of an integrated structure and are made of memory alloy, the phase change temperature of the glasses leg front end is lower than the room temperature, and the glasses leg front end shows superelasticity; the phase change temperature of the rear ends of the glasses legs is higher than the room temperature, the memory effect is shown, the rear ends of the glasses legs have the two-way memory effect, and preset shape response can be spontaneously generated to change of the external temperature. The glasses leg front end and the glasses leg rear end are of an integrated structure, so that the structure is simple, the manufacturing difficulty is reduced, and the process cost is also reduced; and meanwhile, the glasses legs can be deformed by utilizing the body temperature and can adapt to more different head contours and ear contours.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of glasses manufacturing, and in particular relates to adaptive temples, glasses and a preparation method thereof based on multifunctional shape memory alloys. Background Art

[0002] Glasses are a kind of product that combines improving vision, protecting eyes and decorative purposes. As an important part of glasses, the design and manufacture of temples are crucial to ensure the comfort and stability of glasses.

[0003] In traditional designs, the ends of the temples are designed to bend downward so that they can be hooked on the wearer's ears. However, due to differences in the distance from the eyes to the ears of different wearers, or differences in head size, this fixed bending structure is difficult to adapt to the ear contours of all wearers, so that the glasses cannot completely fit everyone's ears, limiting their adaptability and comfort.

[0004] At present, people have proposed many methods to solve the problem of glasses adaptability and improve comfort, such as: 1. The multi-section temple design adds multiple flexible joints or sections to the temples, so that the temples can flexibly adjust the angle and curvature according to the shape of the ears and head when worn. However, the multi-section temple design increases the complexity of the structure, which may lead to reduced durability, and the connection parts may wear or loosen. The complex design means higher manufacturing costs and more complicated maintenance; 2. Adjustable temple design, generally through the design of the temple structure, users can manually adjust the angle between the temple and the frame according to their needs to adapt to different head shapes and wearing habits. It is suitable for all types of glasses, but it requires users to manually adjust it. Frequent adjustments may increase the complexity of use, and the adjustment parts may wear or loosen after frequent use.

[0005] 3. The spring hinge structure of the temples allows the temples to bend easily without exerting excessive pressure on the wearer's head, while maintaining the stability of the glasses. The spring hinge increases the flexibility of the temples and reduces the risk of temple breakage or deformation. Although the adaptability is enhanced, the hinge structure increases the mechanical complexity of the glasses, which may lead to an increase in vulnerable parts and affect durability. In addition, the repair of hinge damage is relatively complicated, increasing the repair cost.

[0006] In general, the temple structure of existing glasses is relatively simple, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of intelligent adaptability and high comfort at the same time. Although a few temples can meet the above two requirements, their design structure is complex, resulting in poor durability and high manufacturing and maintenance costs. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to propose an adaptive temple, glasses and a preparation method based on a multifunctional shape memory alloy. The present invention has a simple structure and can use body temperature to deform the temple and adapt to more different head contours and ear contours.

[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An adaptive temple based on a multifunctional shape memory alloy comprises a temple front end and a temple rear end, wherein the temple front end and the temple rear end are an integrated structure and are made of a shape memory alloy, the phase transition temperature of the temple front end is lower than room temperature and exhibits superelasticity, while the phase transition temperature of the temple rear end is higher than room temperature and exhibits a memory effect, the temple rear end has a two-way memory effect, and can spontaneously produce a predetermined shape response to changes in external temperature.

[0009] Preferably, the rear end of the temple is provided with a silicone foot cover.

[0010] Preferably, the material of the front end and the rear end of the temple is TiNi binary alloy, TiNiCu ternary alloy or TiNiCo ternary alloy; Among them, the chemical formula of TiNi binary alloy is: Ti 50-x Ni 50+x , where x=0.5at.%-1at.%; The chemical formula of TiNiCu ternary alloy is: Ti 49.2 Ni 50.8-x Cu x , where x=4at.%-10at.%; The chemical formula of TiNiCo ternary alloy is: Ti 50 Ni 50-x Co x , where x=0.5at.%-2at.%.

[0011] Preferably, the front end and the rear end of the temple are made of 0.5-1 mm memory alloy plate.

[0012] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the adaptive temple based on the multifunctional shape memory alloy as described above, comprising the following steps: For shape memory alloy plates with temple contours, the front and rear ends of the temples are segmented through Joule thermal annealing process, so that the phase change temperature of the front end of the temple is lower than room temperature and exhibits superelasticity, and the phase change temperature of the rear end of the temple is higher than room temperature and exhibits memory effect; then the rear end of the temple is subjected to thermal mechanical training, so that the rear end of the temple has a two-way memory effect, which can spontaneously produce a predetermined shape response to changes in external temperature.

[0013] Preferably, the process of performing segmented treatment on the front end and the rear end of the temple by Joule heat annealing process comprises: For the front end of the temple: applying a current to the front end of the temple at both ends of the front end of the temple for a first preset time, so that the phase change temperature of the front end of the temple is lower than room temperature, showing superelasticity; For the rear end of the temple: at both ends of the rear end of the temple, current is applied to the rear end of the temple for a second preset time, so that the phase change temperature of the rear end of the temple is higher than room temperature, showing a memory effect.

[0014] Preferably, the magnitude of the current is 2±0.5A, the first preset time is 3±0.5 seconds, and the second preset time is 5±0.5 seconds.

[0015] Preferably, the process of performing thermomechanical training on the rear end of the temple comprises: The front end of the temple is fixed vertically, and the rear end of the temple is located below the front end of the temple. A vertical downward load is applied to the lower end of the rear end of the temple to increase the angle between the front end and the rear end of the temple. Subsequently, while maintaining the load, current is applied to the rear end of the temple from both ends to perform an electric heat treatment. After multiple electric heat treatments, the load is removed so that the rear end of the temple has a two-way memory effect and can spontaneously produce a predetermined shape response to changes in external temperature.

[0016] Preferred: The load is 2.0-2.5 kg; Applying current to the rear end of the temple, and performing the process of conducting the electric heat treatment includes: applying a current of 1.5±0.5A to the rear end of the temple for 1 second, and disconnecting the power for 3-4 seconds; The number of times of the electrical heat treatment is more than 10 times.

[0017] The present invention also provides a pair of glasses, the temples of the glasses adopt the adaptive temples based on the multifunctional shape memory alloy as described above.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: In the adaptive temple based on multifunctional shape memory alloy of the present invention, the front end and the rear end of the temple are an integrated structure, so the structure is simple; and the phase change temperature of the front end of the temple is lower than room temperature and exhibits superelasticity, and the phase change temperature of the rear end of the temple is higher than room temperature and exhibits memory effect, and the rear end of the temple has a two-way memory effect, which can spontaneously produce a predetermined shape response to the change of external temperature; therefore, the temple of the present invention can be deformed by body temperature and adapt to more different head contours and ear contours. Further, the temple of the present invention is different from traditional temples and other multi-section temples: first, the temple of the present invention has high intelligent adaptability and stability, and can adapt to more different head contours and ear contours; second, compared with the multi-section temple structure, the temple of the present invention is an integrated structure of superelasticity and memory effect, which not only reduces the manufacturing difficulty, but also reduces the process cost; third, the adaptation of the temple of the present invention is driven by the heat of human body temperature, without the need to install batteries or other energy drives, and also has the advantages of simple structure and convenient operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, constitute a part of the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of the temple of the present invention in the whole pair of glasses; Figure 2 A side view of the change of the memory effect section of the temple of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a top view of the change of the memory effect segment of the temple of the present invention; Figure 4 A side view of the change of the superelastic section of the temple of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a top view of the change of the superelastic section of the temple of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the thermomechanical training of the temples of the present invention; FIG. 7 (a) shows the Ti used in the front elastic section in the embodiment of the present invention. 49.2 Ni 44.8 DSC heat flow curve of Cu6 memory alloy; Figure 7 (b) is the Ti used in the front elastic section in the embodiment of the present invention. 49.2 Ni 44.8 Stress-strain curve of Cu6 memory alloy; FIG8 (a) shows the Ti used in the back-end memory segment in an embodiment of the present invention. 49.2 Ni 44.8 DSC heat flow curve of Cu6 memory alloy; Figure 8 (b) is the Ti used in the rear memory segment in the embodiment of the present invention. 49.2 Ni 44.8 Stress-strain curve of Cu6 memory alloy.

[0020] In the figure, 1-front end of temple, 1.1-first Joule thermal annealing position, 1.2-second Joule thermal annealing position, 2-rear end of temple, 2.1-third Joule thermal annealing position, 2.2-fourth Joule thermal annealing position, 3-left temple, 4-right temple, 5-original position of the rear end of temple, 6-position of the rear end of temple after deformation, 7-original position of the front end of temple, 8-position of the front end of temple after deformation, 13-upper end of the front end of temple, 14-lower end of the front end of temple, 15-load connection position, 16-upper end of the rear end of temple, 17-lower end of the rear end of temple. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0022] The adaptive temple based on multifunctional shape memory alloy of the present invention uses multifunctional shape memory alloy as the core element of adaptive head (front end 1 of temple) and ear contour (rear end 2 of temple). Shape memory alloy has the characteristics of rapid response to heat and mechanical force and large deformation, which is derived from the reversible martensitic phase transformation between high temperature austenite phase and low temperature martensite phase of shape memory alloy.

[0023] Shape memory alloys can undergo stress-induced reversible martensitic phase transformation in the high-temperature austenitic state, resulting in large elastic deformation. This property can be used at the front end of the temples of glasses, making them more comfortable to wear and easier to remove. In addition, shape memory alloys can undergo temperature-induced oriented martensitic phase transformation after thermomechanical training, thereby producing a spontaneous shape response to changes in external temperature. This property can be used at the rear end of the temples of glasses, and the shape of the temple end can be intelligently adapted to the ear contour under the influence of human body temperature.

[0024] The functional properties of shape memory alloys are closely related to the martensitic phase transition temperature of the alloy. When the phase transition temperature is lower than the service temperature, the alloy exhibits superelasticity. Conversely, when the phase transition temperature is higher than the service temperature, the alloy exhibits a memory effect. Therefore, regulating the phase transition temperature of the memory alloy temples at different positions is expected to achieve the integration of superelasticity and memory effect, so that the temples have both wearing comfort and shape adaptability. The present invention uses a Joule heat annealing process to regulate the shape memory alloy. This process quickly and accurately regulates the martensitic phase transition temperature of the shape memory alloy by controlling the magnitude and time of the current.

[0025] The multifunctional shape memory alloy temples used in the present invention are TiNi (Ti 50-x Ni 50+x , x = 0.5 at.%-1 at.%) binary alloy, TiNiCu (Ti 49.2 Ni 50.8-x Cux , x = 4 at.%-10 at.%) ternary alloy, TiNiCo (Ti 50 Ni 50- x Co x , x=0.5 at.%-2 at.%) ternary alloy, the above alloys can cover 0-50℃ with adjustable phase transition temperature under different annealing process conditions, so they can be used as candidate materials for integration of superelasticity and memory effect. The preparation process of the above memory alloy includes: in the technical scheme of the present invention, after the raw material is cast into an ingot by vacuum induction melting, the ingot is homogenized at 1000±5℃ for 2 hours. Then the homogenized alloy is cold deformed to obtain a 0.5-1mm thin plate with a cold deformation amount of 20%-40%, and then the thin plate is cut into the temple contour and the edge is polished, and then the front end 1 and the rear end 2 of the temple are segmented by Joule heat annealing process, so that the phase transition temperature of the front end 1 of the temple is lower than room temperature to show superelasticity, and the phase transition temperature of the rear end 2 of the temple is higher than room temperature to show memory effect. For the rear end 2 of the temple, further thermomechanical training is required to obtain a two-way memory effect, so as to spontaneously produce a predetermined shape response to changes in external temperature.

[0026] Specifically, the thermal mechanical training process of the rear end 2 of the temple in the present invention includes: first, the front end 1 of the temple is fixed vertically, the rear end 2 of the temple is facing downward, and a vertical downward load is applied to the rear end 2 of the temple to increase the angle between the front end 1 of the temple and the rear end 2 of the temple; then, while maintaining the load, a local area of ​​the rear end 2 of the temple is subjected to electrical heat treatment to perform thermal mechanical training. After the rear end 2 of the temple has undergone multiple thermal mechanical trainings, the load is removed, and the rear end 2 of the temple can obtain a two-way memory effect. After the thermal mechanical training, the rear end 2 of the temple will automatically change its shape when it senses the temperature of the human body, thereby adapting to the contours of the human head and ears.

[0027] Specifically, in the present invention, the front end 1 and the rear end 2 of the temple are an integrated structure and are made of memory alloy.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, silicone foot covers can also be provided at the rear end 2 of the temples. The silicone foot covers are made of thermally conductive silicone. The silicone foot covers can improve the wearing comfort on the one hand, and at the same time, due to their thermal conductivity, they can also ensure that the rear end 2 of the temples is deformed under the action of body temperature.

[0029] Reference Figure 6 The method for preparing the adaptive temples based on the multifunctional shape memory alloy of the present invention comprises the following steps: Step 1: for a shape memory alloy sheet having a temple contour, a front end 1 and a rear end 2 of the temple are subjected to segmented treatment by a Joule heat annealing process, so that a phase transition temperature of the front end 1 of the temple is lower than room temperature and exhibits superelasticity, and a phase transition temperature of the rear end 2 of the temple is higher than room temperature and exhibits a memory effect; specifically, the process of segmented treatment of the front end 1 and the rear end 2 of the temple by a Joule heat annealing process includes: For the front end 1 of the temple: at both ends of the front end 1 of the temple (i.e. Figure 1 At the first Joule heat annealing position 1.1 and the second Joule heat annealing position 1.2 shown in the figure), a current of 2±0.5A is applied to the front end 1 of the temple for 3±0.5 seconds, so that the phase transition temperature of the front end 1 of the temple is lower than the room temperature, showing superelasticity; For the rear end 2 of the temple: At both ends of the rear end 2 of the temple (i.e. Figure 1 At the third Joule heat annealing position 2.1 and the fourth Joule heat annealing position 2.2 shown in the figure), a current of 2±0.5A is applied to the rear end 2 of the temple for 5±0.5 seconds, so that the phase transition temperature of the rear end 2 of the temple is higher than the room temperature, showing a memory effect; Step 2, the rear end 2 of the temple is subjected to thermomechanical training, so that the rear end 2 of the temple has a two-way memory effect, and can spontaneously produce a predetermined shape response to the change of the external temperature. For details, see Figure 6 : The front end 1 of the temple is fixed vertically, and the rear end 2 of the temple is located below the front end 1 of the temple. A load of 2-2.5 kg is applied vertically downward to the lower end of the rear end 2 of the temple to increase the angle between the front end 1 and the rear end 2 of the temple. Subsequently, while maintaining the load, a current of 1.5±0.5 A is applied to the rear end 2 of the temple from both ends to perform an electric heat treatment. Each time the electric heat treatment is performed, the power is on for 1 second and off for 3-4 seconds. After more than 10 times of the electric heat treatment, the load is removed, so that the rear end 2 of the temple has a two-way memory effect and can spontaneously produce a predetermined shape response to changes in the external temperature.

[0030] In the above scheme, the numbers after the “±” after the parameters (such as current and current duration) are the current fluctuation deviation when the device outputs current and the time error during operation.

[0031] See also Figure 1-Figure 5 The present invention also provides a pair of glasses, wherein the temples of the glasses adopt the adaptive temples based on the multifunctional shape memory alloy as described above. Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 1 , a side view of the change of the memory effect section of the temple, the dotted line is the original position 5 of the rear end of the temple, and the solid line is the position 6 of the rear end of the temple after deformation. Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 5 , the dotted line is the original position 5 of the rear end of the temple, and the solid line is the position 6 of the rear end of the temple after deformation. Figure 4As shown in FIG. 8 , the side view of the change of the superelastic section of the temple, the dotted line is the original position 7 of the front end of the temple, and the solid line is the position 8 of the front end of the temple after deformation. Figure 5 As shown in FIG. 1 , the top view of the change of the superelastic section of the temple, the dotted line is the original position 7 of the front end of the temple, and the solid line is the position 8 of the front end of the temple after deformation. Figure 6 As shown, the schematic diagram of thermal mechanical training of temples, the upper end 13 of the front end of the temple and the lower end 14 of the front end of the temple are the positions that need to be fixed, the load connection position 15 is the suspension point of the load connection, and the upper end 16 of the rear end of the temple and the lower end 17 of the rear end of the temple are the positions for electrical heat treatment.

[0032] Example In this embodiment, the material is first selected as Ti 49.2 Ni 44.8 Cu6 plate, after vacuum induction melting, the raw material is cast into ingots, and the ingots are homogenized at 1000℃ for 2 hours. Then the homogenized alloy is cold deformed to obtain a 0.75mm thin plate with a cold deformation of 40%, which is then cut into the temple contour and the edges are polished. After that, the front and rear ends of the temples are segmented by Joule heat annealing. Here you need to prepare a power meter and a power cord clip line, and fix the clip on Figure 1 The first Joule heat annealing position 1.1 and the second Joule heat annealing position 1.2 are shown in the figure. A fixed current of 2A is output for 3 seconds, so that the phase transition temperature of the front end 1 of the temple is lower than the room temperature, as shown in FIG7 (a). From the DSC heat flow curve of FIG7 (a), it can be seen that the austenite phase transition termination temperature A f 17°C, therefore, at room temperature (20-27°C), the material is in the austenite state and can undergo stress-induced martensitic transformation, thereby producing superelasticity. As a result, the front end 1 of the temple exhibits superelasticity, and the front elastic section adopts Ti 49.2 Ni 44.8 The stress-strain curve of the Cu6 memory alloy is shown in Figure 7 (b). It can be seen from Figure 7 (b) that the stress-strain curve shows an obvious hysteresis loop and a nonlinear stress platform, which is direct evidence of stress-induced martensitic phase transformation, indicating that the material has excellent superelastic properties. After loading a stress of 600 MPa, the material produced a recoverable deformation of nearly 6%. After complete unloading, the material had almost no residual deformation, fully demonstrating its excellent superelastic behavior. Similarly, the clip was fixed at the third Joule thermal annealing position 2.1 and the fourth Joule thermal annealing position 2.2, and a fixed current of 2A was output for 5 seconds, so that the phase transition temperature of the rear end 2 of the temple was higher than room temperature, showing a memory effect. The Ti used in the middle and rear memory segments 49.2 Ni 44.8 The DSC heat flow curve and stress-strain curve of Cu6 memory alloy are shown in Figure 8(a) and Figure 8(b). Figure 8(a) shows the 49.2 Ni44.8 DSC heat flow curve of Cu6 alloy. The material is martensite at room temperature (20-27°C). When the temperature rises to 27-35°C (temperature range for the completion of austenite phase transformation), the material completely transforms into austenite, showing a shape memory effect. The alloy exhibits significant temperature sensitivity and excellent mechanical controllability in practical applications. The stress-strain curve in Figure 8 (b) shows that when a stress of 200 MPa is loaded, the material can produce a deformation of nearly 6%. After complete unloading, there is a residual deformation of about 4%, and full recovery has not been achieved. However, by heating the material to 25-35 C (temperature range for the completion of austenite phase transformation), the deformation can be fully recovered, fully demonstrating the excellent shape memory effect and thermal response characteristics of the material.

[0033] like Figure 6 As shown, the temples are subjected to special thermomechanical training to obtain a two-way memory effect. First, the upper and lower ends of the superelastic segment (i.e., the front end 1 of the temple) (i.e., the upper end 13 of the front end of the temple and the lower end 14 of the front end of the temple) need to be fixed and the temple is kept vertically downward, and a vertical load of 2.0 kg is applied to the end of the memory effect segment (i.e., the lower end of the rear end 2 of the temple); then, while maintaining the load, the memory effect segment (i.e., the area between the upper end 16 of the rear end of the temple and the lower end 17 of the rear end of the temple) is clamped and subjected to a 1.5A current heat treatment for 1 second and a rest for 3-4 seconds. During this process, the 2.0kg load will increase the bending angle of the temple, and the temple will return to its original angle after the heat treatment. After 10 cycles of heat treatment, after such thermomechanical training, the load is removed to obtain a two-way memory effect, so that the memory effect segment of the temple will spontaneously produce a predetermined shape response to changes in external temperature. After completing the above steps, a shape memory alloy adaptive temple can be obtained.

[0034] The present invention has the following advantages due to the adoption of the above technical solution: The beneficial effects of adaptive temples based on multifunctional shape memory alloys. First, the weight of the temples made of shape memory alloys is about 7.5g, which is 37.5% less than that of traditional stainless steel temples. This lightweight design significantly reduces the overall weight of the glasses, thereby improving the comfort of long-term wear. The composition of the alloy can be adjusted, and the physical and mechanical properties, phase change temperature and memory effect can be adjusted according to different needs.

[0035] The second is the annealing process. The present invention selects the Joule heat annealing process. Compared with the traditional muffle furnace annealing process, Joule heat annealing has higher heating efficiency, energy directly acts on the material, the heating speed is fast, the temperature control is precise, and local heating annealing can be achieved. It has low energy consumption and good environmental protection effect. The Joule heat annealing process can locally heat different areas of a section of wire through a clamp, so that the same section of wire has both superelasticity and memory effect.

[0036] Finally, by applying load and conducting electrical heat treatment for thermomechanical cycle training, the alloy can obtain a two-way shape memory effect, that is, when the temperature reaches body temperature, the shape of the alloy can adapt to the contours of the ear and head.

[0037] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive temple based on a multifunctional shape memory alloy, characterized in that: The invention comprises a temple front end (1) and a temple rear end (2), the temple front end (1) and the temple rear end (2) are an integral structure and are made of memory alloy. The temple front end (1) has a phase change temperature lower than room temperature and exhibits superelasticity; the temple rear end (2) has a phase change temperature higher than room temperature and exhibits a memory effect. The temple rear end (2) has a two-way memory effect and can spontaneously generate a predetermined shape response to changes in external temperature.

2. The adaptive temple based on multifunctional shape memory alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear end (2) of the temple is provided with a silicone foot cover.

3. The adaptive temple based on multifunctional shape memory alloy according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The materials of the front end (1) and the rear end (2) of the temple are TiNi binary alloy, TiNiCu ternary alloy or TiNiCo ternary alloy; Among them, the chemical formula of TiNi binary alloy is: Ti 50-x Ni 50+x , where x=0.5at.%-1at.%; The chemical formula of TiNiCu ternary alloy is: Ti 49.2 Ni 50.8-x Cu x , where x=4at.%-10at.% ; The chemical formula of TiNiCo ternary alloy is: Ti 50 Ni 50-x Co x , where x=0.5at.%-2at.%.

4. The adaptive temple based on multifunctional shape memory alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end (1) and the rear end (2) of the temple are made of a memory alloy plate with a thickness of 0.5-1 mm.

5. The method for preparing the adaptive temple based on the multifunctional shape memory alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The process includes the following: For a shape memory alloy plate having a temple contour, a front end (1) and a rear end (2) of the temple are segmented by a Joule heat annealing process, so that the phase transition temperature of the front end (1) of the temple is lower than room temperature and exhibits superelasticity, and the phase transition temperature of the rear end (2) of the temple is higher than room temperature and exhibits a memory effect; then, the rear end (2) of the temple is subjected to thermomechanical training, so that the rear end (2) of the temple has a two-way memory effect and can spontaneously produce a predetermined shape response to changes in external temperature.

6. The method for preparing the adaptive temple based on the multifunctional shape memory alloy according to claim 5, characterized in that: The process of segmenting the front end (1) and the rear end (2) of the temple by Joule heat annealing process comprises: For the front end of the temple (1): applying a current to the front end of the temple (1) at both ends of the front end of the temple and continuing for a first preset time, so that the phase change temperature of the front end of the temple (1) is lower than room temperature, and superelasticity is exhibited; For the rear end of the temple (2): at both ends of the rear end of the temple (2), a current is applied to the rear end of the temple (2) and lasts for a second preset time, so that the phase change temperature of the rear end of the temple (2) is higher than room temperature, showing a memory effect.

7. The method for preparing the adaptive temple based on the multifunctional shape memory alloy according to claim 6, characterized in that: The magnitude of the current is 1.5-2.5A, the first preset time is 2.5-3.5 seconds, and the second preset time is 4.5-5.5 seconds.

8. The method for preparing the adaptive temple based on the multifunctional shape memory alloy according to claim 5, characterized in that: The process of thermomechanical training the rear end of the temple (2) includes: The front end of the temple (1) is fixed vertically, the rear end of the temple (2) is located below the front end of the temple (1), and a vertical downward load is applied to the lower end of the rear end of the temple (2) to increase the angle between the front end of the temple (1) and the rear end of the temple (2); then, while maintaining the load, current is applied to the rear end of the temple (2) from both ends to perform an electric heat treatment; after multiple electric heat treatments, the load is removed, so that the rear end of the temple (2) has a two-way memory effect and can spontaneously generate a predetermined shape response to changes in external temperature.

9. The method for preparing the adaptive temple based on the multifunctional shape memory alloy according to claim 8, characterized in that: The load is 2.0-2.5 kg; The process of applying current to the rear end of the temple (2) and performing the electric heat treatment comprises: applying a current of 1.0-2.0A to the rear end of the temple (2) for 1 second and disconnecting the current for 3-4 seconds; The number of times of the electrical heat treatment is more than 10 times.

10. A pair of glasses, characterized in that: The temples of the glasses adopt the adaptive temples based on multifunctional shape memory alloy as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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