Large-current switch built-in electric energy meter terminal temperature measurement and temperature control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-current switch built-in electric energy meter terminal temperature measurement and temperature control method, and relates to the technical field of electric energy meter terminal temperature measurement and temperature control. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out real-time temperature acquisition on an electric energy meter terminal, and adaptively adjusting communication parameters; the temperature is adjusted and controlled based on a PID algorithm, and the temperature adjusting stability is analyzed; and the temperature is automatically judged, an ending instruction is sent, and quitting is conducted within the safe temperature range. According to the terminal temperature measurement and temperature control method for the large-current switch built-in electric energy meter, the accuracy and the real-time performance of temperature monitoring are improved by adopting an incremental PID control algorithm and a dynamically calibrated thermal resistance sensor, communication errors in the temperature measurement and temperature control process are reduced by optimizing Bluetooth communication, and the terminal temperature measurement and temperature control efficiency is improved. The whole reliability of the system is improved, the safety and convenience of operation are improved through an automatic test process and a safe exit mechanism, and better effects are achieved in the aspects of accuracy, real-time performance and safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of temperature measurement and temperature control of electric energy meter terminals, and in particular to a temperature measurement and temperature control method for electric energy meter terminals with built-in large current switches. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of power systems and the widespread application of smart grids, the reliability and stability of electric energy meters in high current environments are gradually required to operate more efficiently. Especially in industrial and commercial scenarios with large power loads, electric energy meters not only need to withstand higher currents, but also need to have high-precision electricity metering and real-time temperature monitoring capabilities to prevent equipment failures and safety accidents caused by overheating. Therefore, many researchers and technicians are committed to improving the structure and control system of high-current electric energy meters, trying to improve the temperature measurement accuracy and temperature control response speed through technical means such as thermal resistor sensors and PID control. However, current technical applications are mostly concentrated on small and medium current electric energy meters, and have a weak dependence on accurate temperature measurement and intelligent control under high current conditions, making it difficult to fully meet the industrial field's needs for high precision and high reliability. Based on this, how to further improve the temperature measurement accuracy and temperature control effect of the terminals of high-current switch electric energy meters has become a hot spot and difficulty in current research.

[0003] The existing high-current electric energy meter temperature measurement and temperature control technology has many deficiencies in practical applications. First, in terms of temperature measurement, the existing technology mostly relies on traditional thermistor sensors for temperature acquisition, but these sensors usually lack high-precision dynamic calibration functions, resulting in large deviations in temperature measurement accuracy under high current conditions, which is difficult to meet the stringent requirements of industrial applications. Secondly, in terms of temperature control, the existing technology mainly uses simple control algorithms, which cannot achieve precise temperature regulation and real-time response, resulting in unstable temperature control effects under high current loads. In addition, the communication modules of the existing technology have insufficient anti-interference performance under strong electric fields and complex electromagnetic interference conditions, and data transmission is unstable, which in turn affects the reliability of the entire temperature control system. Finally, most of the existing systems lack automated test process management and safe exit mechanisms, which makes the equipment less safe to operate in high temperature environments. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the technical problem solved by the present invention is: the existing high-current electric energy meter terminal temperature measurement and temperature control method has insufficient temperature measurement accuracy, unstable temperature control, poor communication anti-interference ability, and how to optimize the automated test management safely and efficiently.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for temperature measurement and temperature control of electric energy meter terminals with built-in large current switches, comprising real-time temperature acquisition of the electric energy meter terminals and adaptive adjustment of communication parameters; temperature regulation and control based on a PID algorithm and analysis of temperature regulation stability; automatic temperature determination, sending an end instruction and exiting within a safe temperature range.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the temperature measurement and temperature control method for the terminal of the electric energy meter with built-in large current switch described in the present invention, wherein: the real-time temperature acquisition of the electric energy meter terminal includes acquiring the real-time temperature of the terminal through a high-sensitivity thermal resistance sensor of the electric energy meter terminal, the sensor directly contacts the terminal surface, and adapts to the actual operating conditions of the electric energy meter under a high current environment, the collected raw data is calibrated, and the nonlinear error, temperature drift effect and environmental interference factors of the sensor are comprehensively considered. The system has a built-in calibration unit that matches the sensor characteristics to correct the deviation between the sensor output and the actual temperature. The calibration unit dynamically adjusts the data according to the change of the ambient temperature, and the data calibration cooperates with the upper computer software of the system. The upper computer automatically updates the calibration factor according to the specific parameters of the sensor to adapt to electric energy meter terminals of different models or batches. The data calibration is expressed as:

[0008] T cal =a*T raw +b

[0009] Among them, T cal is the corrected temperature value, T raw is the original temperature value, a and b are the calibration coefficients.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the temperature measurement and temperature control method of the terminal of the large current switch built-in electric energy meter described in the present invention, wherein: the adaptive adjustment of communication parameters includes a Bluetooth unit communication optimization model, the Bluetooth unit is a communication interface between the host computer and the temperature measurement control unit, and the Bluetooth unit is affected by external wireless signals, cabinet metal material shielding and internal electromagnetic interference of the equipment during data transmission. Through the intelligent signal optimization mechanism, the communication status of the Bluetooth unit is detected in real time, the transmission frequency and power are dynamically adjusted, the system evaluates the current signal strength, and automatically selects appropriate signal transmission parameters according to the type and strength of the interference source. The Bluetooth unit communication optimization model is expressed as:

[0011]

[0012] Among them, Q comm is the communication quality index, S is the signal strength, and I is the interference rate.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the temperature measurement and temperature control method of the terminal of the electric energy meter with built-in large current switch described in the present invention, the temperature adjustment and control based on the PID algorithm includes comparing the actual temperature of the terminal with the preset target temperature by real-time monitoring, calculating the temperature deviation value, and adjusting the power of the heating control unit according to the deviation value and the change trend. The temperature adjustment control based on the incremental PID control algorithm is expressed as:

[0014] Δu(k)=K p [e(k)-e(k-1)]+K i e(k)+K d [e(k)-2e(k-1)+e(k-2)]

[0015] e(k)=T t -T(k)

[0016] Where Δu(k) is the control increment of the kth sampling, K p , K i , K d are proportional, integral, and differential gains respectively, e(k) is the temperature deviation of the kth sampling, T t is the target temperature value, and T(k) is the terminal temperature value sampled for the kth time.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the temperature measurement and temperature control method of the terminal of the electric energy meter with built-in large current switch of the present invention, the analysis of temperature regulation stability includes a temperature regulation stability analysis model, and a dynamic stability analysis is performed on the temperature regulation process. The temperature adjustment is affected by current fluctuations and sensor delay factors. By dynamically monitoring the change trend of the temperature deviation, the current regulation effect is evaluated. The temperature regulation stability analysis model is expressed as:

[0018]

[0019] Among them, V(e) is the Lyapunov function. If V(e) decreases as k increases, it means that the temperature control tends to be stable.

[0020] As a preferred solution of the temperature measurement and temperature control method for the terminal of the electric energy meter with built-in large current switch described in the present invention, the automatic determination of the temperature includes determining whether the temperature of the terminal of the electric energy meter under test is within the qualified range, detecting whether the terminal temperature has reached the target range, and continuously monitoring the change trend. If the temperature remains stable for a certain period of time, the result is in line with expectations. If the temperature fluctuates abnormally or fails to reach the target value, it is marked as a failure, and historical data comparison is introduced to compare the current test data with the test records of the same type of equipment to determine whether there is an abnormal situation. The automatic determination logic is expressed as follows:

[0021] |Tt -T(k)|≤εand t s ≥T min

[0022] Where ε is the allowable temperature deviation threshold, t s is the duration that the temperature is within the allowable range, T min is the minimum stable time threshold. If the temperature remains near the target value and the duration satisfies T min , the test is judged to be qualified.

[0023] As a preferred solution of the temperature measurement and temperature control method for the terminal of the large current switch built-in electric energy meter described in the present invention, wherein: the sending of the end instruction and exiting within the safe temperature range includes a safe temperature exit model, by continuously monitoring the difference between the terminal temperature and the ambient temperature, dynamically adjusting the cooling speed of the heating control unit, and reaching a safe state in the shortest time. At the end of the test, the control unit preferentially cuts off the power supply of the electric heating tube and starts the passive cooling mode, accelerates the cooling by natural heat dissipation or forced ventilation, and further slows down the cooling speed when the temperature approaches the safe range. When all sensors feedback that the temperature is lower than the set safety value, a test end signal is sent to the user, allowing the user to replace the electric energy meter. The safe temperature exit model is expressed as:

[0024] T safe =T ambient +α*(T max -T ambient )

[0025] Among them, T safe For safe exit temperature, T ambient is the ambient temperature, T max is the highest temperature during the test, and α is the coefficient for controlling the cooling rate.

[0026] Another object of the present invention is to provide a high-current switching energy meter terminal temperature measurement and temperature control system, which can accurately adjust and analyze the stability of the terminal temperature through the adjustment control module, solving the current problems of slow temperature adjustment response, insufficient control accuracy, and lack of stability analysis.

[0027] As a preferred solution of the temperature measurement and temperature control system of the high-current switch electric energy meter terminal described in the present invention, it includes: an acquisition and adjustment module, an adjustment control module, and a judgment and exit module; the acquisition and adjustment module is used to perform real-time temperature acquisition on the electric energy meter terminal and adaptively adjust the communication parameters; the adjustment control module is used to adjust and control the temperature based on the PID algorithm, and analyze the temperature adjustment stability; the judgment and exit module is used to automatically determine the temperature, send an end instruction and exit within a safe temperature range.

[0028] A computer device includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and is characterized in that the processor executes the computer program to implement a method for measuring and controlling the temperature of terminals of an electric energy meter with a built-in large current switch.

[0029] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of a method for measuring and controlling the temperature of terminals of an electric energy meter with a built-in large current switch are implemented.

[0030] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The temperature measurement and temperature control method for the terminal of the large-current switch built-in electric energy meter provided by the present invention improves the accuracy and real-time performance of temperature monitoring by adopting an incremental PID control algorithm and a dynamically calibrated thermistor sensor, and achieves precise temperature adjustment through the PID control incremental algorithm, thereby avoiding equipment loss and safety hazards caused by temperature fluctuations. By optimizing Bluetooth communication, the communication error in the temperature measurement and temperature control process is reduced, and the overall reliability of the system is improved. By automating the test process and the safe exit mechanism, the safety and convenience of operation are improved. The present invention achieves better results in terms of accuracy, real-time performance and safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor. Among them:

[0032] Figure 1 The present invention provides an overall flow chart of a method for measuring and controlling the temperature of a terminal of an electric energy meter with a built-in large current switch according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 This is an overall module diagram of a high-current switching energy meter terminal temperature measurement and temperature control system provided by the third embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in the art without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Reference Figure 1 , which is an embodiment of the present invention, provides a method for measuring and controlling the temperature of a terminal of an electric energy meter with a built-in large current switch, comprising:

[0037] S1: Collect the real-time temperature of the electric energy meter terminals and adaptively adjust the communication parameters.

[0038] Furthermore, real-time temperature collection of the electric energy meter terminal includes using a high-sensitivity thermal resistance sensor at the electric energy meter terminal.

[0039] It should be noted that the real-time temperature of the terminal is collected, and the sensor directly contacts the terminal surface to adapt to the actual operating conditions of the energy meter in a high current environment. The collected raw data is calibrated and processed, taking into account the nonlinear error, temperature drift effect and environmental interference factors of the sensor. The system has a built-in calibration unit that matches the sensor characteristics to correct the deviation between the sensor output and the actual temperature. The calibration unit dynamically adjusts the data according to the change of ambient temperature. The data calibration cooperates with the system's host computer software. The host computer automatically updates the calibration factor according to the specific parameters of the sensor to adapt to different models or batches of energy meter terminals. The data calibration is expressed as:

[0040] T cal =a*T raw +b

[0041] Among them, T cal is the corrected temperature value, T raw is the original temperature value, a and b are the calibration coefficients.

[0042] Furthermore, adaptively adjusting communication parameters includes optimizing the communication model of the Bluetooth unit.

[0043] It should be noted that the Bluetooth unit is the communication interface between the host computer and the temperature measurement control unit. During the data transmission process, the Bluetooth unit is affected by external wireless signals, metal material shielding of the cabinet, and electromagnetic interference inside the equipment. Through the intelligent signal optimization mechanism, the communication status of the Bluetooth unit is detected in real time, the transmission frequency and power are adjusted dynamically, the system evaluates the current signal strength, and automatically selects appropriate signal transmission parameters according to the type and strength of the interference source. The Bluetooth unit communication optimization model is expressed as:

[0044]

[0045] Among them, Q comm is the communication quality index, S is the signal strength, and I is the interference rate.

[0046] It should also be noted that in environments with greater interference, the Bluetooth unit will reduce the transmission speed to improve data stability, while in an environment with smooth signals, the transmission rate can be increased to shorten the test time. In addition, the optimization mechanism also uses redundant verification technology to ensure that data can be completely restored even in cases of greater interference.

[0047] S2: Regulate and control the temperature based on the PID algorithm and analyze the temperature regulation stability.

[0048] Furthermore, the temperature regulation and control based on the PID algorithm includes real-time monitoring of the actual temperature of the terminal.

[0049] It should be noted that the temperature deviation is calculated by comparing with the preset target temperature, and the power of the heating control unit is adjusted according to the deviation value and the change trend. The temperature regulation control based on the incremental PID control algorithm is expressed as:

[0050] Δu(k)=K p [e(k)-e(k-1)]+K i e(k)+K d [e(k)-2e(k-1)+e(k-2)]

[0051] e(k)=T t -T(k)

[0052] Where Δu(k) is the control increment of the kth sampling, K p , K i , K d are proportional, integral, and differential gains respectively, e(k) is the temperature deviation of the kth sampling, T t is the target temperature value, and T(k) is the terminal temperature value sampled for the kth time.

[0053] It should also be noted that the key to temperature control lies in the balance between response speed and stability. On the one hand, the system needs to respond quickly to sudden changes in temperature to avoid damage to the terminals due to overheating. On the other hand, it needs to prevent temperature fluctuations caused by too frequent control. The system adopts a segmented control strategy. In the case of large temperature deviations, the control unit will give priority to adjusting the heating power to shorten the heating time. When the temperature approaches the target value, it will gradually approach the target with a smaller adjustment range, thereby achieving a smooth transition of temperature. The entire control process is monitored and recorded by the host computer for subsequent analysis and optimization.

[0054] It should also be noted that the heating control unit consists of four parts: the main control circuit, the temperature measurement circuit, the output control circuit, and the communication circuit. The main control circuit consists of an ARM chip, an external clock oscillation circuit, and a power supply filter capacitor. The ARM chip uses STM32FxxxRxT6, LQFP-64 package, which can be manually welded to reduce production costs. With a high-precision, low-temperature drift crystal oscillator, the clock frequency can reach 72MHz. When performing multi-channel temperature measurement and control quantity calculation, it can still maintain a reasonable processor occupancy rate and respond to the host computer's commands in a timely manner. The temperature measurement circuit consists of MAX31865, a high-precision reference resistor, and an input decoupling capacitor. Through an external temperature sensor with a temperature compensation input, the MAX31865 with the working parameters set converts the measured temperature into a percentage based on the reference resistance. After reading, STM32 calculates the resistance value, and then calculates the corresponding temperature value according to the sensor's "resistance-temperature" conversion formula. The output control circuit controls the on and off of the electric heating tube AC220V according to the control quantity, and the communication circuit realizes information interaction with the host computer.

[0055] Furthermore, analyzing the temperature regulation stability includes a temperature regulation stability analysis model.

[0056] It should be noted that the dynamic stability analysis of the temperature regulation process is carried out. The temperature adjustment is affected by current fluctuations and sensor delay factors. By dynamically monitoring the changing trend of temperature deviation, the current regulation effect is evaluated. The temperature regulation stability analysis model is expressed as:

[0057]

[0058] Among them, V(e) is the Lyapunov function. If V(e) decreases as k increases, it means that the temperature control tends to be stable.

[0059] It should also be noted that near the target temperature, the convergence speed of the temperature deviation is directly related to the stability of the regulation system. If the temperature continues to fluctuate near the target value, the control strategy needs to be adjusted. The purpose of the stability analysis is to determine the applicability of the control strategy under various environmental conditions and ensure that it has sufficient adaptability to changes in terminal temperature.

[0060] S3: Automatically determine the temperature, send an end command and exit within a safe temperature range.

[0061] Furthermore, automatically determining the temperature includes determining whether the temperature of the terminals of the electric energy meter under test is within a qualified range.

[0062] It should be noted that the terminal temperature is detected to see if it has reached the target range, and the change trend is continuously monitored. If the temperature remains stable within a certain period of time, the result is in line with expectations. If the temperature fluctuates abnormally or fails to reach the target value, it is marked as a failure, and historical data comparison is introduced to compare the current test data with the test records of the same type of equipment to determine whether there is an abnormal situation. The automatic judgment logic is expressed as:

[0063] |T t -T(k)|≤εand t s ≥T min

[0064] Where ε is the allowable temperature deviation threshold, t s is the duration that the temperature is within the allowable range, T min is the minimum stable time threshold. If the temperature remains near the target value and the duration satisfies T min , the test is judged to be qualified.

[0065] Furthermore, sending an end command and exiting within a safe temperature range includes a safe temperature exit model.

[0066] It should be noted that by continuously monitoring the difference between the terminal temperature and the ambient temperature, the cooling speed of the heating control unit is dynamically adjusted to reach a safe state in the shortest time. At the end of the test, the control unit preferentially cuts off the power supply of the electric heating tube and starts the passive cooling mode to accelerate the cooling through natural heat dissipation or forced ventilation. When the temperature is close to the safe range, the cooling speed is further slowed down. When all sensors feedback that the temperature is lower than the set safety value, a test end signal is sent to the user, allowing the user to replace the energy meter. The safe temperature exit model is expressed as:

[0067] T safe =T ambient +α*(T max -T ambient )

[0068] Among them, T safe For safe exit temperature, T ambient is the ambient temperature, T max is the highest temperature during the test, and α is the coefficient for controlling the cooling rate.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for measuring and controlling the temperature of a terminal of an electric energy meter with a built-in large current switch. In order to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, scientific demonstration is carried out through economic benefit calculation and simulation experiments.

[0071] Tests were conducted on different types of electric energy meters. The equipment used in the tests included an airtight cabinet, an electric energy meter fixture, a programmable power supply, a Bluetooth communication unit, a thermistor sensor and a heating control unit with an incremental PID algorithm. The experiments were carried out under a constant room temperature environment. The goal was to test the stability of the electric energy meter terminal temperature, the temperature control effect and the communication reliability of the system.

[0072] First, fix the energy meter in the energy meter fixture on the top of the cabinet. The fixture is made of high-strength insulating material to ensure that there is no deformation or conductivity problem under high temperature conditions. The terminal is in close contact with the terminal, and the sensor is precisely fitted to the terminal surface to collect temperature data in real time. Then close the cabinet door to isolate the external environment from interfering with the temperature measurement data. During the test, the host computer communicates with the energy meter through the Bluetooth unit. After the communication is successful, a start command is issued. The heating unit uses the incremental PID algorithm to adjust the power of the electric heating tube according to the temperature data fed back by the sensor to ensure that the terminal temperature remains stable within the target range. The entire test process lasts about 6 minutes. After completing all data collection, the heating unit automatically stops working, and prompts to replace the energy meter after the temperature drops to a safe range.

[0073] As shown in Table 1, the deviation between the target temperature and the actual temperature is maintained within the range of ±0.5°C, which shows that the temperature control unit using the incremental PID algorithm can achieve extremely high accuracy and stability. The traditional temperature control method usually has the problem of large deviation, and the present invention significantly improves the control effect through real-time feedback and dynamic adjustment. The energy consumption performance of the present invention is relatively outstanding. The unit time energy consumption of all test objects in the experiment is in the range of 25-32 watt-hours, which is compared with the generally high energy consumption of the traditional method (more than 35 watt-hours on average). The high efficiency and energy saving characteristics of the present invention are shown. This is because after the temperature reaches the target value, the present invention can intelligently adjust the heating power to avoid unnecessary energy waste. The experimental data of the communication success rate are all higher than 98%, indicating that the signal optimization technology of the Bluetooth unit can effectively resist external interference. This high communication success rate ensures the real-time and accuracy of data transmission. The problem of data loss in traditional equipment under strong interference environment has been comprehensively improved in the present invention.

[0074] Table 1 Experimental data table

[0075]

[0076] Example 3

[0077] Reference Figure 2 , which is an embodiment of the present invention, provides a high-current switch electric energy meter terminal temperature measurement and temperature control system, including: a collection and adjustment module, a regulation control module, and a judgment and exit module.

[0078] The acquisition and adjustment module is used to collect real-time temperature of the electric energy meter terminals and adaptively adjust communication parameters; the regulation and control module is used to regulate and control the temperature based on the PID algorithm and analyze the temperature regulation stability; the judgment and exit module is used to automatically judge the temperature, send an end instruction and exit within a safe temperature range.

[0079] If the function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods of each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk, etc. Various media that can store program codes.

[0080] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or apparatus and execute instructions), or in conjunction with such instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, or in conjunction with such instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses.

[0081] More specific examples of computer-readable media (a non-exhaustive list) include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk case (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be a paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, deciphering, or processing in another suitable manner as necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0082] It should be understood that the various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc. It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and are not limited. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0083] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for measuring and controlling the temperature of a terminal of an electric energy meter with a built-in large current switch, characterized in that: include: Collect the real-time temperature of the electric energy meter terminals and adjust the communication parameters adaptively; Regulate and control the temperature based on the PID algorithm and analyze the temperature regulation stability; Automatically determine the temperature, send an end command and exit within a safe temperature range.

2. The method for measuring and controlling the temperature of the terminals of the electric energy meter with built-in large current switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The real-time temperature acquisition of the electric energy meter terminal includes acquiring the real-time temperature of the terminal through a high-sensitivity thermal resistance sensor of the electric energy meter terminal. The sensor directly contacts the terminal surface to adapt to the actual operating conditions of the electric energy meter in a high current environment. The collected raw data is calibrated and processed, and the nonlinear error, temperature drift effect and environmental interference factors of the sensor are comprehensively considered. The system has a built-in calibration unit that matches the sensor characteristics to correct the deviation between the sensor output and the actual temperature. The calibration unit dynamically adjusts the data according to the change of ambient temperature. The data calibration cooperates with the upper computer software of the system. The upper computer automatically updates the calibration factor according to the specific parameters of the sensor to adapt to electric energy meter terminals of different models or batches. The data calibration is expressed as: T cal =a*T raw +b Among them, T cal is the corrected temperature value, T raw is the original temperature value, a and b are the calibration coefficients.

3. The method for measuring and controlling the temperature of the terminals of the electric energy meter with built-in large current switch according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adaptive adjustment of communication parameters includes a Bluetooth unit communication optimization model. The Bluetooth unit is a communication interface between the host computer and the temperature measurement control unit. The Bluetooth unit is affected by external wireless signals, metal material shielding of the cabinet, and electromagnetic interference inside the equipment during data transmission. Through an intelligent signal optimization mechanism, the communication status of the Bluetooth unit is detected in real time, and the transmission frequency and power are dynamically adjusted. The system evaluates the current signal strength and automatically selects appropriate signal transmission parameters according to the type and strength of the interference source. The Bluetooth unit communication optimization model is expressed as: Among them, Q comm is the communication quality index, S is the signal strength, and I is the interference rate.

4. The method for measuring and controlling the temperature of the terminals of the electric energy meter with built-in large current switch according to claim 3, characterized in that: The temperature regulation control based on the PID algorithm includes real-time monitoring of the actual temperature of the terminal, comparing it with the preset target temperature, calculating the temperature deviation value, and adjusting the power of the heating control unit according to the deviation value and the change trend. The temperature regulation control based on the incremental PID control algorithm is expressed as: Δu(k)=K p [e(k)-e(k-1)]+K i e(k)+K d [e(k)-2e(k-1)+e(k-2)] e(k)=T t -T(k) Where Δu(k) is the control increment of the kth sampling, K p , K i , K d are proportional, integral, and differential gains respectively, e(k) is the temperature deviation of the kth sampling, T t is the target temperature value, and T(k) is the terminal temperature value sampled for the kth time.

5. The method for measuring and controlling the temperature of the terminals of the electric energy meter with built-in large current switch according to claim 4, characterized in that: The analysis of temperature regulation stability includes a temperature regulation stability analysis model, which performs dynamic stability analysis on the temperature regulation process. The temperature adjustment is affected by current fluctuations and sensor delay factors. By dynamically monitoring the change trend of temperature deviation, the current regulation effect is evaluated. The temperature regulation stability analysis model is expressed as: Among them, V(e) is the Lyapunov function. If V(e) decreases as k increases, it means that the temperature control tends to be stable.

6. The method for measuring and controlling the temperature of the terminals of the electric energy meter with built-in large current switch according to claim 5, characterized in that: The automatic determination of temperature includes determining whether the terminal temperature of the electric energy meter under test is within the qualified range, detecting whether the terminal temperature has reached the target range, and continuously monitoring the change trend. If the temperature remains stable for a certain period of time, the result is in line with expectations. If the temperature fluctuates abnormally or fails to reach the target value, it is marked as a failure, and historical data comparison is introduced to compare the current test data with the test records of the same type of equipment to determine whether there is an abnormal situation. The automatic determination logic is expressed as: |T t -T(k)≤εand t s ≥T min Where ε is the allowable temperature deviation threshold, t s is the duration that the temperature is within the allowable range, T min is the minimum stable time threshold. If the temperature remains near the target value and the duration satisfies T min , the test is judged to be qualified.

7. The method for measuring and controlling the temperature of the terminals of the electric energy meter with built-in large current switch according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sending of the end instruction and exiting within the safe temperature range includes a safe temperature exit model. By continuously monitoring the difference between the terminal temperature and the ambient temperature, the cooling speed of the heating control unit is dynamically adjusted to reach a safe state in the shortest time. At the end of the test, the control unit preferentially cuts off the power supply of the electric heating tube and starts the passive cooling mode to accelerate the cooling through natural heat dissipation or forced ventilation. When the temperature approaches the safe range, the cooling speed is further slowed down. When all sensors feedback that the temperature is lower than the set safety value, an end test signal is sent to the user to allow the user to replace the electric energy meter. The safe temperature exit model is expressed as: T safe =T ambient +α*(T max -T ambient ) Among them, T safe For safe exit temperature, R ambient is the ambient temperature, T max is the highest temperature during the test, and α is the coefficient for controlling the cooling rate.

8. A system using the temperature measurement and temperature control method of the terminal of a high current switch built-in electric energy meter as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It includes a collection adjustment module, a regulation control module, and a judgment and exit module; The acquisition and adjustment module is used to collect the real-time temperature of the electric energy meter terminals and adaptively adjust the communication parameters; The regulation control module is used to regulate and control the temperature based on the PID algorithm and analyze the temperature regulation stability; The determination exit module is used to automatically determine the temperature, send an end instruction and exit within a safe temperature range.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method for measuring and controlling the temperature of the terminals of an electric energy meter with a built-in large current switch according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for measuring and controlling the temperature of the terminals of an electric energy meter with a built-in large current switch according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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