Automobile test field road design and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses an automobile test field road design and construction method. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring key features of an existing road section meeting design requirements through a laser scanning technology; establishing a BIM digital model of the special road according to the key characteristics of the road, and dividing road plates; generating a 3D printing template file of each road plate; road template printing is conducted according to the 3D printing template file, and a 3D printing template is obtained; road plates are prefabricated in batches in a prefabrication yard according to the 3D printing templates; road plates are installed according to road types. By utilizing the scheme of the invention, the consistency of engineering characteristics of the same type of special roads constructed in different automobile test fields can be ensured, and the construction efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of automobile test field construction, and in particular to an automobile test field road design and construction method. Background Art

[0002] The automobile test field is a place for automobile road tests, which is a key link in the process of automobile research and development, testing and production. At present, the construction of automobile test fields mainly relies on traditional design and construction methods, that is, first draw detailed design drawings, and then strictly follow the construction drawings for construction. The construction accuracy depends entirely on the construction level. The construction results of the same road in different test fields will be different, especially in the construction of irregular elevation changes such as the reproduction of damaged roads and undulating roads. Due to the uneven construction technology level, the same road in different test fields has great differences, and the consistency of the test cannot be guaranteed.

[0003] For example, for some special road conditions that appear randomly, the traditional construction method is used for replication construction, which cannot ensure that two roads under the same construction standard are identical and consistent, resulting in a low degree of fit between the finished roads and the design drawings, and further causing deviations in the test results for the same road at different test sites, affecting the test accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a vehicle test field road design and construction method to ensure the consistency of engineering features of the same type of special roads constructed in different vehicle test fields and to improve construction efficiency.

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for designing and constructing a road in an automobile testing ground, the method comprising:

[0007] Use laser scanning technology to obtain key features of existing road sections that meet design requirements;

[0008] Establish a special road BIM digital model based on the key features of the road and divide the road into sections;

[0009] Generate 3D printing template files for each road section;

[0010] Print a road template according to the 3D printing template file to obtain a 3D printing template;

[0011] Prefabricate road panels in batches in a prefabrication yard according to the 3D printed template;

[0012] According to the type of road, the road slabs are installed.

[0013] Optionally, the method further comprises:

[0014] Determine the key features of the road to be built based on the design plan determined by the builder's requirements for the construction of special roads in the test site;

[0015] The road sections meeting the design requirements are selected from existing roads according to the key features.

[0016] Optionally, the key features of the existing road section meeting the design requirements obtained by laser scanning technology include:

[0017] For existing road sections that meet the design requirements, multi-site scanning is performed using a laser scanner to obtain scanning data;

[0018] Key features are extracted from the scan data.

[0019] Optionally, the performing multi-site scanning using a laser scanner to obtain scanning data includes:

[0020] For smaller sections of road, scanning is done by placing stations at certain intervals;

[0021] For road sections with larger areas, vehicle-mounted laser scanners are used for scanning.

[0022] Optionally, extracting key features from the scan data includes:

[0023] analyzing spatial distribution and statistical characteristics in the scan data;

[0024] Identify and extract key features in the scanned data, wherein the key features include any one or more of the following: test site road boundaries, markings, signs, and obstacles;

[0025] classifying the scanned data to identify different types of proving ground road elements;

[0026] The key areas of the test site road are determined, and different types of test site road elements are optimized and reorganized according to the key areas to obtain key units.

[0027] Optionally, establishing a special road BIM digital model according to the key features of the road includes:

[0028] Arrange the plates according to the key units and the key features of the road to generate design drawings of the special road;

[0029] A BIM digital model of the special road is established based on the design drawings and plate scanning files of the special road.

[0030] Optionally, the dividing of the road blocks includes: dividing the road blocks according to the following principle: the size of the road blocks produced at a time satisfies that the road feature points are not damaged by construction joints.

[0031] Optionally, generating a 3D printing template file for each road section includes:

[0032] Draw templates for each road section;

[0033] Generate a BIM model and 3D printing template file of the road section.

[0034] Optionally, a metal 3D printing process is used to print the road template to obtain a 3D printed template.

[0035] Optionally, the method further comprises: when prefabricating the road slabs in batches, pre-embedding connecting parts or fixing devices on the road slabs.

[0036] The automobile test field road design and construction method provided by the present invention obtains the key features of the existing road sections that meet the design requirements through laser scanning technology; establishes a special road BIM digital model according to the key features of the road, and divides the road into sections; generates a 3D printing template file for each road section; prints the road template according to the 3D printing template file to obtain a 3D printing template; prefabricates the road sections in batches in the prefabrication field according to the 3D printing template; and installs the road sections according to the road type. The automobile test field road design and construction method provided by the present invention can improve the construction efficiency while ensuring the consistency of the engineering features of the same type of special roads constructed in different automobile test fields, and can provide a unified test standard road for different automobile test fields, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the test results of the same type of road in different test fields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 The present invention discloses a flow chart of a method for designing and constructing a road in an automobile testing ground according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not used to limit the present invention.

[0040] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] In view of the problem that the existing road construction method of an automobile testing ground cannot meet the requirement that two roads under the same construction standard have the sameness and consistency, an embodiment of the present invention provides a road design and construction method for an automobile testing ground, which extracts key feature points through laser scanning, models the feature points, and then prints the road prefabricated template through 3D printing technology, and places the printed road template in a prefabrication field for road slab prefabrication construction.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, it is a flow chart of the method for designing and constructing a road in a vehicle testing ground according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes the following steps:

[0043] Step 101, obtaining key features of existing road sections that meet design requirements through laser scanning technology.

[0044] The selection of the road section that meets the design requirements can be determined according to the construction requirements of the builder for the special road of the test site.

[0045] There are many kinds of special roads in the construction of test sites, and the road sections selected for scanning also need to be determined according to different road types. For example, a cracked and damaged road requires a model scan of the road cracks, and a pothole-damaged road requires a scan of the potholes on the road.

[0046] For example, the construction party provides a design plan for a special road in a test field, and selects existing road sections that meet the design requirements based on the design plan. Accordingly, the road sections that meet the design requirements can be selected from existing roads in the following manner: first, according to the design plan, determine the key features of the road to be built; then, according to the key features, select the road sections that meet the design requirements from existing roads.

[0047] In some embodiments, the design solution may include, but is not limited to, detailed information such as construction period, materials, equipment, personnel, and costs.

[0048] For the selected existing road sections that meet the design requirements, a laser scanner can be used to perform multi-site scanning on them to obtain scanning data; and key features can be extracted from the scanning data.

[0049] It should be noted that for road sections with smaller areas, scanning can be performed by arranging stations at a certain distance, such as using a station every 20 to 50 meters. Depending on the different degrees of road characteristics, appropriate adjustments can also be made. For example, if the scanning depth exceeds 10 cm, a station every 10 to 15 meters can be used to ensure scanning accuracy. For road sections with larger areas, a vehicle-mounted laser scanner can be used for scanning. For example, for relatively flat areas, the scanning width can be set to 2.5 meters, the scanning speed can be 50 to 70 km / h, and the overlapping area range can be 0.2 to 0.5 meters.

[0050] After obtaining the scan data of the corresponding road section, the scan data can be preprocessed, such as denoising and removing impurities, to ensure the quality of the scan data; and then key features can be extracted from the processed scan data.

[0051] The scanning data is three-dimensional point cloud data, and extracting key features mainly includes the following steps:

[0052] Analyze the spatial distribution and statistical characteristics of 3D point cloud data;

[0053] Identify and extract key features such as test site road boundaries, markings, signs, obstacles, etc. in the three-dimensional point cloud data;

[0054] The three-dimensional point cloud data is classified using a machine learning algorithm and / or image processing technology to automatically identify different types of proving ground road elements.

[0055] Furthermore, the accuracy and completeness of the corresponding extraction algorithm can be verified through experiments to ensure that the extracted key features can truly reflect the actual conditions of the test site roads.

[0056] Furthermore, the key features of the road may be processed to remove noise impurities, and then the key areas of the test site road may be determined. Different types of test site road elements may be optimized and reorganized according to the key areas to obtain key units.

[0057] Specifically, the same type of test site road elements can be processed for noise and impurities, and then key areas can be determined based on feature selection criteria, such as focusing on curbs and sidewalk edges in road engineering. Furthermore, software can be used to automatically detect the key areas, and combined with manual review to identify the key areas.

[0058] After determining the key areas, specific algorithms such as edge detection and feature matching can be used to highlight the key features in these key areas, and define key units accordingly. The key units can be accurately segmented from the overall road model by creating bounding boxes or segmentation surfaces.

[0059] To ensure the independent availability of each key unit, its processing or analysis capabilities as a complete element can be further verified. For example, in a non-limiting embodiment, the verification method is as follows: the separated key units are exported separately, and the model is verified through data model viewing software such as CloudCompare and Autodesk ReCap (the software selects the corresponding matching selection according to the processed data format) to check whether the size is compliant and whether the key elements are missing. The focus is on retaining the key feature points of special roads, such as road split width, bulge height and shape and other appearance features.

[0060] In the optimization and reorganization stage, the key units may be optimized by adjusting the positions and / or sizes of the key feature points to improve the accuracy of the key units and ensure that the connections between adjacent key units are smooth without abrupt boundaries.

[0061] Furthermore, considering that data deviation may occur during the actual scanning data processing, in some embodiments, the consistency and reliability of the road feature data extraction and processing method can be verified through multiple iteration tests, the road feature data extraction and processing method can be optimized, and the position deviation of the feature points before and after the optimization can be evaluated to improve the accuracy of the scanning data and eliminate the deviation.

[0062] Step 102: establishing a special road BIM digital model according to the key features of the road, and dividing the special road BIM digital model into road sections.

[0063] Specifically, the plates are arranged according to the key units and the key features of the road to generate design drawings of the special road; and then the BIM digital model of the special road is established according to the design drawings of the special road.

[0064] Among them, the specific process of design drawings of special roads is as follows:

[0065] First, according to the established design plan, the key features scanned and extracted in the early stage (such as the location of manhole covers in manhole-covered roads, the location of road cracks in damaged roads at the driving lane, etc.) are integrated into the design process.

[0066] The established design scheme mainly refers to the design requirements of large types (such as patch roads, washboard roads, Class B random uneven roads, twisted roads, damaged roads, manhole cover roads, etc.) proposed by the construction party. According to this large design type, the corresponding small unit modules (i.e., the key units described in step 101) are matched, and the small unit modules are optimized according to the functional characteristic parameters of different roads, such as road width, friction coefficient, horizontal height difference per unit area, etc., and are designed and arranged to form a complete road structure design drawing and road model.

[0067] Then, based on the above integration, professional design software can be used to arrange the blocks rationally to ensure the functionality and coordination of each road section.

[0068] It should be noted that during the design process, attention should be paid to the matching degree between key features and plates to ensure that the design drawings of the special roads can accurately reflect the actual needs. In addition, the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of the construction can be comprehensively considered to make the design not only beautiful but also practical.

[0069] Furthermore, it is also possible to review and confirm whether the generated design drawings of special roads comply with all relevant standards and specifications.

[0070] Furthermore, visual tools can be used to display the design plan, that is, to display the design drawings of special roads, so as to facilitate understanding and discussion by all parties. This can ensure the professionalism and practicality of the design drawings of special roads and provide accurate guidance for subsequent road construction.

[0071] The road BIM modeling based on the design drawings and plate scanning files of the special roads can utilize the existing BIM modeling tools. For example, taking Revit software as an example, firstly, the processed point cloud data is converted into the las general point cloud data format in CloudCompare, and then imported into Autodesk ReCap to convert the secondary processed point cloud data into a model file in rcs format, and then the extracted key feature information of the test site road is imported into the BIM software to create a three-dimensional digital model (i.e., the special road BIM model); in the BIM model, the test site road structure, geometric dimensions, material properties and other information can be described in detail.

[0072] It should be noted that the special road BIM model can be edited using Revit software, and parameters such as the position, size, and feature point distribution of the test site road elements can be adjusted to meet the design requirements.

[0073] Furthermore, the special road BIM model can be used for preliminary design, to simulate the effects of different construction plans, optimize the design plan, and ensure that the special road BIM model is consistent with the actual test site road conditions, which serves as an important basis for subsequent design and construction.

[0074] After the special road BIM model is established, the road blocks are divided in the model. The division principle is the size of the road blocks produced in a single time, such as: 4 to 6 meters long and 2 to 3 meters wide, so that the road feature points are not damaged by construction joints to ensure that they can be reasonably installed after prefabrication.

[0075] Step 103, generating a 3D printing template file for each road section.

[0076] Specifically, the segmented road slabs are drawn as templates (i.e., the template files are made based on the designed road model). The drawn model should be close to the road model, so that the template can be used to reproduce the road with high precision after it is made. The thickness of the template can be determined according to the size of the slab, for example, the thickness can be between 3 and 5 mm.

[0077] It should be noted that the template is used for batch prefabrication of road slabs. Therefore, if the template is reused more than a set number of times (for example, 50 times), the corresponding template can also be individually thickened and strengthened.

[0078] The BIM model of the road section is exported, and a standard format file corresponding to each road section for use in 3D printing is generated, namely, the 3D printing template file.

[0079] During specific implementation, a dedicated template file may be designed, which may include all necessary geometric information and manufacturing instructions to facilitate subsequent processing; the template file may also include construction details, such as connection methods, reinforcement measures and other information.

[0080] Step 104: Print a road template according to the 3D printing template file to obtain a 3D printing template.

[0081] In specific implementation, a metal 3D printing process can be used to retain all the features of the printed template to the maximum extent while having a certain strength and durability.

[0082] The 3D printed template can retain the complete key feature points of the test site road. Further, the 3D printed template can also be checked for quality inspection, such as checking whether the key feature points of the road meet the design requirements, etc., to ensure the quality of the 3D printed template and confirm that it meets the design standards.

[0083] Step 105: prefabricate road panels in batches in a prefabrication yard according to the 3D printing template.

[0084] Specifically, the test field road slabs are prefabricated in batches in the prefabrication yard based on the 3D printed templates.

[0085] During the prefabrication process, the quality of the slabs can be ensured by strengthening the control of factors such as concrete mix ratio and curing conditions. In particular, during the demoulding process, the key feature points of the test site road prefabrication can be ensured not to be damaged.

[0086] Furthermore, connectors or other fixing devices may be embedded in the prefabricated parts (ie the road slabs) to facilitate on-site installation.

[0087] Step 106, installing the road slabs according to the road type.

[0088] Specifically, a detailed on-site installation plan can be formulated based on the different roads and road slabs, combined with the road slabs with different characteristics, including the order of slab placement, connection methods, etc.

[0089] During construction, special equipment can be used to transport prefabricated panels to the designated location and assemble them according to the design plan. The installed road panels are then inspected to ensure that the connection is firm and the surface is flat.

[0090] Furthermore, various data during the installation process can be recorded to provide reference for subsequent maintenance.

[0091] In some embodiments, the quality of the finished road can also be inspected to ensure that various indicators of the finished road meet the design standards and construction specifications.

[0092] For example, in a non-limiting embodiment, the finished road quality inspection may be performed in the following manner:

[0093] First, check the basic information of the road, including but not limited to whether the length, width, slope, etc. of the road meet the design requirements;

[0094] Secondly, through the measurement and inspection of key feature points, we ensure the accuracy of crack width, depth, location, manhole cover road, railroad road, and Class B random uneven road.

[0095] If necessary, 3D laser scanning technology can be used to comprehensively scan the entire road, and the acquired point cloud data can be accurately compared with the design model file to detect whether there are deviations or quality problems, ensuring that all indicators of the finished road meet the design standards and construction specifications.

[0096] The automobile test field road design and construction method provided by the present invention aims at the problem of road replication in the prior art, especially when the same road is built in different test fields, the degree of road replication is inconsistent, which leads to a large difference in the test results of the same road in different automobile test fields. Through a series of technical means such as scanning road feature points, extracting key feature data, modeling, and making road templates, it is possible to achieve a 1:1 or equal-proportion complete replication of the road state, and to retain the key points of the road state and rearrange them according to design needs.

[0097] The automobile proving ground road design and construction method provided by the present invention effectively solves the problem in the prior art that the same design drawing is constructed in different places, resulting in excessive deterioration in construction results, improves the data consistency of the same road tested in the automobile proving ground industry, and ensures that the test results of the same automobile in different automobile proving grounds meet the requirements of consistency in test conditions.

[0098] It should be noted that, for the above-mentioned method embodiments, for the sake of simplicity, they are all described as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should know that the present invention is not limited by the described action sequence, because according to the present invention, certain steps can be performed in other sequences or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also know that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by the present invention.

[0099] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. The present invention is described in detail using specific implementation methods herein. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and system of the present invention. It is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should belong to the scope of protection of the present invention, and the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for designing and constructing a road in an automobile testing ground, characterized in that: The method comprises: Use laser scanning technology to obtain key features of existing road sections that meet design requirements; Establish a special road BIM digital model based on the key features of the road and divide the road into sections; Generate 3D printing template files for each road section; Print a road template according to the 3D printing template file to obtain a 3D printing template; Prefabricate road panels in batches in a prefabrication yard according to the 3D printed template; According to the type of road, the road slabs are installed.

2. The automobile test field road design and construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Determine the key features of the road to be built based on the design plan determined by the builder's requirements for the construction of special roads in the test site; The road sections meeting the design requirements are selected from existing roads according to the key features.

3. The automobile test field road design and construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The key features of the existing road sections that meet the design requirements obtained by laser scanning technology include: For existing road sections that meet the design requirements, multi-site scanning is performed using a laser scanner to obtain scanning data; Key features are extracted from the scan data.

4. The automobile test field road design and construction method according to claim 3, wherein the multi-site scanning using a laser scanner to obtain scanning data comprises: For smaller sections of road, scanning is done by placing stations at certain intervals; For road sections with larger areas, vehicle-mounted laser scanners are used for scanning.

5. The automobile test field road design and construction method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The extracting key features from the scan data comprises: analyzing spatial distribution and statistical characteristics in the scan data; Identify and extract key features in the scanned data, wherein the key features include any one or more of the following: test site road boundaries, markings, signs, and obstacles; classifying the scanned data to identify different types of proving ground road elements; The key areas of the test site road are determined, and different types of test site road elements are optimized and reorganized according to the key areas to obtain key units.

6. The automobile test field road design and construction method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The establishing of the special road BIM digital model according to the key features of the road comprises: Arrange the plates according to the key units and the key features of the road to generate design drawings of the special road; A BIM digital model of the special road is established based on the design drawings and plate scanning files of the special road.

7. The automobile test field road design and construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The road segmentation comprises: The road sections are divided according to the following principles: the size of the road sections produced at a time is sufficient to ensure that the road feature points are not destroyed by construction joints.

8. The automobile test field road design and construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The 3D printing template files for generating each road section include: Draw templates for each road section; Generate a BIM model and 3D printing template file of the road section.

9. The automobile test field road design and construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The road template is printed using a metal 3D printing process to obtain a 3D printed template.

10. The automobile test field road design and construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises: When road slabs are prefabricated in batches, connectors or fixing devices are embedded in the road slabs.

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