Device and method for crushing biomass materials

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for smashing biomass materials. The device comprises feeding equipment, smashing equipment and discharging equipment, and the feeding equipment is used for inputting the biomass materials into the smashing equipment; the crushing equipment comprises at least one crusher, and the at least one crusher comprises a plurality of crushing discs connected in series and at least one grading impeller; wherein the plurality of crushing discs connected in series are used for crushing biomass materials for multiple times; the grading impeller is used for outputting the biomass materials meeting the particle size condition to the discharging equipment; and the discharging equipment is used for outputting the biomass material meeting the particle size condition. By adopting the scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the plurality of crushing discs connected in series are used for crushing the biomass material for multiple times, and then the grading impeller is used for outputting the biomass material meeting the particle size condition, so that the production efficiency of the biomass material is improved, and large-scale crushing of biomass is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of biomass energy, and in particular to a device and method for pulverizing biomass materials. Background Art

[0002] Biomass refers to various organisms formed through photosynthesis. Its main components are various animals, plants and microorganisms. It is the fourth largest energy source after coal, oil and natural gas. Due to its environmental friendliness, it has broad application prospects in the energy, manufacturing, agriculture and environmental protection industries in the future.

[0003] Biomass gasification technology is one of the important application prospects of biomass. This technology refers to the process of pyrolysis, oxidation, reduction and reforming of biomass polymers under certain thermodynamic conditions with the help of air, oxygen and water vapor, and finally converting them into combustible gases such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen and low molecular hydrocarbons. China has a vast territory and a wide distribution of biomass in huge quantities. Biomass gasification can achieve a higher energy utilization rate and provide high-quality energy.

[0004] Before biomass gasification, in order to ensure its full combustion, the biomass materials must be crushed. The higher the crushing fineness, the more complete the degree of gasification and combustion, and the higher the energy utilization rate. For most gasification technologies, the materials need to be crushed to ultra-fineness of 80 mesh or even lower.

[0005] However, biomass (such as rice husks, straw, bamboo, etc.) contains a lot of internal fibers, and ultra-fine crushing is extremely difficult. Currently, the industry mainly uses equipment that relies on shear force to crush them, and the maximum output is only 1 ton per hour. The limited output limits the application of biomass.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a process that can achieve large-scale ultrafine grinding of biomass. Summary of the invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a device and method for pulverizing biomass, so as to at least partially solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for pulverizing biomass materials, including a feeding device, a pulverizing device and a discharging device, wherein

[0009] The feeding device is used to input the biomass material into the pulverizing device;

[0010] The pulverizing equipment includes at least one pulverizer, and the at least one pulverizer includes a plurality of pulverizing disks connected in series, and at least one classifying impeller; wherein the plurality of pulverizing disks connected in series are used to pulverize the biomass material multiple times; and the classifying impeller is used to output the biomass material that meets the particle size condition to the discharging equipment;

[0011] The discharging device is used to output the biomass material that meets the particle size condition.

[0012] In one embodiment, the plurality of shredder discs connected in series comprises three or more shredder discs driven by the same drive shaft.

[0013] In one embodiment, the plurality of comminution disks connected in series are comminution disks of the same specifications.

[0014] In one embodiment, the radii of the plurality of comminuting disks connected in series decrease in sequence.

[0015] In one embodiment, the at least one pulverizer comprises a plurality of pulverizers connected in series, each of the plurality of pulverizers connected in series comprises a classifying impeller, and the classifying impeller is used to sequentially reduce the particle size of the biomass material output.

[0016] In one embodiment, the discharging device of the preceding pulverizer among the plurality of pulverizers connected in series is connected to the feeding device of the succeeding pulverizer.

[0017] In one embodiment, the discharging device includes a cyclone separator, and the cyclone separator includes a material inlet, an upper outlet and a lower outlet. The material inlet is used to connect to the discharging device, and the upper outlet and the lower outlet are used to output the separated biomass material.

[0018] In one embodiment, the discharging device further includes a bag dust collector connected to the cyclone separator and configured to capture the biomass material outputted by the cyclone separator through the upper outlet.

[0019] In one embodiment, the device for pulverizing biomass materials further comprises a pulverizing shaft, and a plurality of pulverizing discs belonging to the same pulverizer are mounted on the same pulverizing shaft, and the pulverizing shaft drives the rotation of the plurality of pulverizing discs.

[0020] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for pulverizing biomass materials, which is applied to the device for pulverizing biomass materials involved in the above embodiment and any implementation method, and the method comprises:

[0021] receiving biomass material through the feeding device;

[0022] Input the biomass material into the pulverizing device, pulverize the biomass material multiple times through the multiple pulverizing disks included in the at least one pulverizer, and output the biomass material that meets the particle size conditions to the discharging device through the classifying impeller;

[0023] The crushed biomass powder is outputted through the discharging device.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following advantages:

[0025] By adopting the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention, at least one pulverizer is arranged in the pulverizing equipment, and at least one pulverizer includes a plurality of pulverizing disks connected in series. By using the plurality of pulverizing disks connected in series to pulverize the biomass material multiple times, the pulverizing effect is better, and then the biomass material that meets the particle size conditions is output by using a grading impeller, thereby improving the production efficiency of the biomass material and realizing large-scale crushing of the biomass. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for crushing biomass materials provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for crushing biomass materials provided in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic flow chart of a method for pulverizing biomass materials provided in Example 3 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so as to understand the embodiments of the present invention described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a product or device containing a series of units is not necessarily limited to those units clearly listed, but may include other units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these products or devices.

[0031] In the present invention, the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal" and the like are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These terms are mainly used to better describe the present invention and its embodiments, and are not used to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to have a specific direction, or to be constructed and operated in a specific direction.

[0032] In addition, some of the above terms may be used to express other meanings in addition to indicating orientation or positional relationship. For example, the term "on" may also be used to express a certain dependency or connection relationship in some cases. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] In addition, the terms "installed", "set", "provided with", "connected", "connected", and "socketed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be an internal connection between two devices, elements, or components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] The present invention provides a device for pulverizing biomass materials. Figure 1As shown, the device includes a feeding device, a crushing device and a discharging device, wherein the feeding device is used to input the biomass material into the crushing device; the crushing device includes at least one crusher (also known as a grinder) 20, and the at least one crusher 20 includes a plurality of crushing disks 21 connected in series, and at least one grading impeller 22; wherein the plurality of crushing disks 21 connected in series are used to crush the biomass material multiple times; the grading impeller 22 is used to output the biomass material that meets the particle size condition to the discharging device; the discharging device is used to output the biomass material that meets the particle size condition.

[0037] The plurality of crushing discs in series may include three or more crushing discs driven by the same drive shaft. It is easy to understand that the plurality of crushing discs in series may also include other implementations. For example, two or other numbers of crushing discs may be connected in series. Moreover, the plurality of crushing discs in series may also be installed on different drive shafts, as long as the plurality of crushing discs can crush the materials in sequence.

[0038] The grading impeller 22 may be a group of intermittent grille blades, which rotate at high speed under the drive of the grading motor. After crushing, the biomass material with qualified particle size can enter the subsequent process section through the grading impeller, and the biomass with unqualified particle size is returned to continue to be crushed in the pulverizer 20. The design purpose of the grading impeller is to allow the qualified particle size material to pass through the gap of the grading impeller grille to enter the subsequent process section through high-speed rotation, and the unqualified particle size material is returned.

[0039] In the case of only one crushing disk, most of the biomass materials have not reached the qualified particle size after being crushed once, and the grading impeller will return this part of the material to the crushing disk for crushing again, and will also return part of the material with the qualified particle size, resulting in low material output efficiency. Through the multiple crushing disks in the embodiment of the present invention, multi-stage crushing is achieved. After the biomass material enters the crusher, it undergoes multi-stage crushing by multiple crushing disks, and a large amount of biomass material with a qualified particle size is produced. Only a small part of the unqualified material is returned by the grading impeller to the last stage crushing disk for crushing again, thereby greatly improving the crushing efficiency.

[0040] The multiple crushing discs connected in series are crushing discs of the same specifications. Figure 1As shown, the cross-section through the central axis of the crushing bin is rectangular, and the radii of different crushing disks are the same, and the gaps with the walls of the crushing bin are the same, so that the particle sizes of the ground powder are consistent. In other embodiments, the radius of the multiple crushing disks connected in series can be reduced successively. Accordingly, the cross-sectional area of ​​the crushing bin of the pulverizer can be gradually reduced, so that while ensuring the crushing effect of each crushing disk, the material is gradually concentrated to the middle of the crushing bin. In other embodiments, the setting of the crushing bin may not be changed, and only the radius of different crushing disks may be adjusted, or only the gaps between different crushing disks and the walls of the crushing bin may be adjusted, so that different crushing disks have different crushing effects, but have an improved crushing effect as a whole.

[0041] Among them, at least one pulverizer may include a plurality of pulverizers in series, and the plurality of pulverizers in series respectively include grading impellers, and the grading impellers are used to output the biomass materials with particle sizes that decrease in sequence. Among the plurality of pulverizers in series, the discharging device of the first pulverizer can be connected to the feeding device of the second pulverizer. In this case, the grading impellers of different pulverizers can output biomass materials with different particle sizes in sequence, and the last pulverizer in series outputs biomass materials with a particle size that meets the user's requirements. Through this arrangement, the input and output differences of the pulverized materials of each pulverizer are reduced, the material pulverizing efficiency of each pulverizer is improved, and thus the overall biomass material pulverizing efficiency is improved.

[0042] In other embodiments, the grading impellers of multiple pulverizers connected in series can also be used to output biomass materials of the same particle size. In a specific implementation, a material outlet can be added to the previous pulverizer to output biomass materials that still do not meet the particle size requirements after the materials are pulverized by multiple pulverizing disks. The material inlet of the subsequent pulverizer is connected to the material outlet added to the previous pulverizer, and the materials that still do not meet the output conditions of the grading impeller after multiple pulverizations in the previous pulverizer are pulverized again. By pulverizing the materials in sequence by multiple pulverizers connected in series, the efficiency of material pulverization is increased to meet the needs of large-scale crushing.

[0043] refer to Figure 1 As shown, the device may further include a pulverizing shaft 5, and a plurality of pulverizing discs 21 belonging to the same pulverizer are mounted on the same pulverizing shaft 5, and the pulverizing shaft 5 drives the rotation of the plurality of pulverizing discs.

[0044] refer to Figure 1 As shown, the device may further include a grading shaft 3 and a grading motor 4, and the grading impeller is driven by the grading shaft 3 and the grading motor 4.

[0045] refer to Figure 1As shown, the device may also include a double support bearing 6 and a grinder motor 1. The double support bearings may effectively ensure the stability of the grinder and avoid affecting the working effect due to the tilt of the grinder. The device may also include a base 7 for stably installing the grinder 20 and other equipment.

[0046] The discharging device may include a cyclone separator, the cyclone separator includes a material inlet, an upper outlet and a lower outlet, the material inlet is used to connect to the discharging device, and the upper outlet and the lower outlet are used to output the separated biomass material. The discharging device may also include a bag dust collector connected to the cyclone separator to capture the biomass material output by the cyclone separator through the upper outlet.

[0047] By adopting the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention, at least one pulverizer is arranged in the pulverizing equipment, and at least one pulverizer includes a plurality of pulverizing disks connected in series. By using the plurality of pulverizing disks connected in series to pulverize the biomass material multiple times, the pulverizing effect is better, and then the biomass material that meets the particle size conditions is output by using a grading impeller, thereby improving the production efficiency of the biomass material and realizing large-scale crushing of the biomass.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] The present invention provides a device for pulverizing biomass materials. Figure 2 As shown, the apparatus includes a feeding device 10 , a crushing device and a discharging device, and the discharging device may include a cyclone separator 30 and a bag dust collector 40 .

[0050] The feeding device 10 is used to input the biomass material into the crushing device.

[0051] The pulverizing equipment includes at least one pulverizer 20, which includes a plurality of pulverizing disks connected in series and at least one classifying impeller; wherein the plurality of pulverizing disks connected in series are used to pulverize the biomass material multiple times; and the classifying impeller is used to output the biomass material that meets the particle size conditions to the discharging equipment.

[0052] The cyclone separator 30 comprises a material inlet, an upper outlet and a lower outlet. The material inlet is used to connect to a discharging device, and the upper outlet and the lower outlet are used to output the separated biomass material.

[0053] The bag filter 40 is connected to the cyclone separator 30 and is used to capture the biomass material outputted from the cyclone separator 30 through the upper outlet.

[0054] The device may further include an induced draft fan 50 connected to the rear end of the bag filter. The induced draft fan 50 provides carrier gas to the entire device as a flow carrier of the biomass material.

[0055] By adopting the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention, at least one pulverizer is arranged in the pulverizing equipment, and at least one pulverizer includes a plurality of pulverizing disks connected in series. By using the plurality of pulverizing disks connected in series to pulverize the biomass material multiple times, the pulverizing effect is better, and then the biomass material that meets the particle size conditions is output by using a grading impeller, thereby improving the production efficiency of the biomass material and realizing large-scale crushing of the biomass.

[0056] The pulverizer provided in the embodiment of the present invention is provided with multiple crushing disks in series, and the addition of the crushing disks does not require the adjustment of the crushing bin of the existing pulverizer, which is convenient for improvement. The multiple crushing disks are used to achieve multi-stage crushing of biomass materials. After the biomass materials enter the pulverizer, they are successively subjected to multi-stage crushing by multiple crushing disks, and a large amount of biomass materials with qualified particle sizes are produced. Only a small part of the unqualified materials are sent back to the last stage of the crushing disk by the grading impeller for crushing again, thereby greatly improving the crushing efficiency. Moreover, the concept of cyclic crushing is also proposed in the embodiment of the present invention. By using multiple pulverizers in series, the biomass materials are cyclically crushed again and again, which improves the efficiency of the crushing of the biomass materials, thereby achieving large-scale crushing of the biomass materials.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for pulverizing biomass materials, which is applied to the device for pulverizing biomass provided in the above embodiment and any implementation manner thereof, such as Figure 3 As shown, the method includes:

[0059] Step 301, receiving biomass material through a feeding device;

[0060] Step 302, inputting the biomass material into a pulverizing device, pulverizing the biomass material multiple times through a plurality of pulverizing disks included in at least one pulverizer, and outputting the biomass material that meets the particle size requirements to a discharging device through a grading impeller;

[0061] Step 303: Output the crushed biomass powder through a discharging device.

[0062] When applied to the device corresponding to Example 1, the biomass material enters the pulverizer 20 under the blowing of the carrier gas, and at least part of the material after being pulverized by the first-stage pulverizing disk 21 reaches the second-stage pulverizing disk 22, and at least part of the material after being pulverized by the second-stage pulverizing disk 22 reaches the third-stage pulverizing disk 22. After three stages of pulverization, the biomass material reaches the classifying impeller, and under the action of the classifying impeller, the biomass material that meets the particle size conditions is output.

[0063] By adopting the method provided in the embodiment of the present invention, at least one pulverizer is arranged in the pulverizing equipment, and at least one pulverizer includes a plurality of pulverizing disks connected in series. By using the plurality of pulverizing disks connected in series to pulverize the biomass material multiple times, the pulverizing effect is better, and then the biomass material that meets the particle size conditions is output by a grading impeller, thereby improving the production efficiency of the biomass material and realizing large-scale crushing of the biomass.

[0064] Finally, it should be pointed out that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. Those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments may be modified, or some of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents; these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for pulverizing biomass materials, characterized in that: It includes feeding equipment, crushing equipment and discharging equipment, among which The feeding device is used to input the biomass material into the pulverizing device; The pulverizing equipment includes at least one pulverizer, and the at least one pulverizer includes a plurality of pulverizing disks connected in series, and at least one classifying impeller; wherein the plurality of pulverizing disks connected in series are used to pulverize the biomass material multiple times; and the classifying impeller is used to output the biomass material that meets the particle size condition to the discharging equipment; The discharging device is used to output the biomass material that meets the particle size condition.

2. The device for pulverizing biomass materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of shredder disks connected in series include three or more shredder disks driven by the same drive shaft.

3. The device for pulverizing biomass materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of comminution discs connected in series are comminution discs of the same specification.

4. The device for pulverizing biomass materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radii of the plurality of comminuting disks connected in series decrease in sequence.

5. The device for pulverizing biomass materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The at least one pulverizer comprises a plurality of pulverizers connected in series, each of which comprises a classifying impeller, and the classifying impeller is used to sequentially reduce the particle size of the biomass material outputted.

6. The device for pulverizing biomass materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: The discharging device of the first pulverizer among the plurality of pulverizers connected in series is connected to the feeding device of the second pulverizer.

7. The device for pulverizing biomass materials according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The discharging device comprises a cyclone separator, and the cyclone separator comprises a material inlet, an upper outlet and a lower outlet. The material inlet is used to connect to the discharging device, and the upper outlet and the lower outlet are used to output the separated biomass material.

8. The device for pulverizing biomass materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: The discharging equipment also includes a bag dust collector connected to the cyclone separator and used for capturing the biomass material output by the cyclone separator through the upper outlet.

9. The device for pulverizing biomass materials according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It also includes a pulverizing shaft, and multiple pulverizing discs belonging to the same pulverizer are mounted on the same pulverizing shaft, and the pulverizing shaft drives the rotation of the multiple pulverizing discs.

10. A method for pulverizing biomass materials, applied to the device for pulverizing biomass materials according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: receiving biomass material through the feeding device; Input the biomass material into the pulverizing device, pulverize the biomass material multiple times through the multiple pulverizing disks included in the at least one pulverizer, and output the biomass material that meets the particle size conditions to the discharging device through the classifying impeller; The crushed biomass powder is outputted through the discharging device.

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