Additive manufacturing device for achieving powder mixing and recycling of functionally graded materials

Abstract

The invention relates to an additive manufacturing device for achieving powder mixing and recycling of functionally graded materials, and relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, a powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device is installed in a forming chamber, a material forming device is installed in the forming chamber, and a powder recycling device is installed on the lower side of the forming chamber; a forming table is fixed to the lower side of the forming chamber, a forming pool is arranged on the forming table, a powder containing pool is arranged on the forming table, and the powder containing pool communicates with a powder recycling device; a powder pushing device is mounted on the forming table; a lifting plate is mounted in the forming pool; the powder static real-time proportioning device is used for uniformly mixing the powder and then putting the powder onto the forming table; a control center is installed on the forming chamber and used for controlling the powder static electricity real-time proportioning device, the material forming device and the powder recycling device to work. According to the powder recycling device, materials with different densities can be separated and recycled, so that the powder recycling rate is increased, and the environmental protection effect of powder utilization is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of additive manufacturing technology, and in particular to an additive manufacturing device for achieving powder mixing and recycling of functional gradient materials. Background Art

[0002] Functionally graded materials are composite materials whose composition and structure change gradually; compared with traditional materials, they can be precisely designed to achieve multiple functions, reduce residual stress and cracks, and improve overall performance.

[0003] Laser additive manufacturing technology, also known as laser 3D printing, manufactures parts by stacking materials layer by layer. It combines materials science, mechanical processing and laser technology to quickly manufacture parts with complex shapes. It is widely used in aerospace, nuclear power, petrochemical and other fields. For functional gradient materials, the processing parameters required for the powder mixing ratio in different regions are different, which makes the uniform mixing of powders very important, because uneven mixing of powders will lead to structural defects inside the parts, decreased mechanical properties, increased residual stress and other adverse consequences; therefore, it is necessary to design a heterogeneous powder separation device to separate functional gradient materials, improve the recovery rate of powders, and increase the environmental friendliness of powder utilization. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide an additive manufacturing device that can achieve powder mixing and recycling of functional gradient materials, so as to solve the technical problem of "powder recycling and powder mixing".

[0005] The present application provides an additive manufacturing device for achieving functional gradient material mixing and recycling, which adopts the following technical solution: an additive manufacturing device for achieving functional gradient material mixing and recycling comprises a forming chamber, wherein a powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device is installed in the forming chamber, a material forming device is installed in the forming chamber, and a powder recovery device is installed on the lower side of the forming chamber; the lower side of the forming chamber is fixed to a forming table, a forming pool is provided on the forming table, a powder holding pool is provided on the forming table, and the powder holding pool is connected to the powder recovery device; a powder pushing device is installed on the forming table, and the powder pushing device is used to push the powder into the forming pool and the powder holding pool; a lifting plate is installed in the forming pool; the material forming device is used to melt the powder so that the powder forms a mold in the forming pool; the powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device is used to mix the powder evenly and then put it on the forming table; a control center is installed on the forming chamber, and the control center is used to control the operation of the powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device, the material forming device and the powder recovery device.

[0006] Optionally, the powder recovery device includes a powder separation chamber, a powder recovery pipe is installed on the powder separation chamber, the powder recovery pipe is connected to the powder holding pool, an air blowing pipe is installed at the lower end of the powder separation chamber, the air blowing pipe is connected to a blower at one end away from the powder separation chamber, the blower is used to stratify powders of different densities in the powder separation chamber, a plurality of powder recovery chambers are installed on the powder separation chamber, an air outlet is provided at one end of the powder recovery chamber away from the powder separation chamber, the powder recovery chamber is connected to the powder separation chamber via a powder connecting pipe; a powder conveying assembly is installed on the powder recovery pipe; and a discharge pipe is installed at the lower side of the powder recovery chamber. Optionally, a top exhaust pipe is installed at the top of the powder separation chamber, and an airflow control valve is installed on the top exhaust pipe and the air outlet, and the airflow control valve is electrically connected to the control center.

[0007] Optionally, a powder testing assembly is installed on the powder recovery pipe, the powder testing assembly includes a powder testing chamber, a powder testing tube is installed on the powder testing chamber, and the powder testing tube connects the powder testing chamber with the powder recovery pipe; a powder conveying assembly is installed on the powder testing tube; the powder conveying assembly is used to convey the powder in the powder testing chamber to the powder separation chamber; a transient vibration applying device is provided below the powder separation chamber; a pressure sensor is provided in the powder separation chamber, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the control center; the powder recovery device also includes a pulse modulator, and the pulse modulator is used to adjust the pulse of the blower. .

[0008] Optionally, the powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device includes a powder proportioning chamber, a plurality of powder proportioning conveying pipes are installed on the powder proportioning chamber, a powder storage bin is fixed to one end of the powder proportioning conveying pipe away from the powder proportioning chamber, a powder conveying assembly is installed on the powder proportioning conveying pipe, a high-voltage electrostatic chamber is installed on the powder proportioning conveying pipe, and the high-voltage electrostatic chamber is used to charge the powder; a powder discharge port is installed at the lower end of the powder proportioning chamber, a charge elimination plate is arranged directly below the powder discharge port, and the charge elimination plate is grounded; the high-voltage electrostatic chamber is electrically connected to the control center; a spiral plate is installed in the powder discharge port, and the spiral plate is used to control the powder discharge, and a powder discharge control motor is installed on the powder proportioning chamber, and the powder discharge control motor is connected to the spiral plate via a rotating shaft.

[0009] Optionally, the material forming device includes a fiber laser, a beam expander installed at the output end of the fiber laser, a beam splitter installed on the side of the beam expander away from the fiber laser, a scanning galvanometer is arranged on the side of the beam splitter away from the beam expander, a feedback device is connected to the beam splitter, an F-θ mirror is arranged on the lower side of the scanning galvanometer, the fiber laser, the feedback device and the control center are electrically connected; the control center controls the shaped laser beam generated by the fiber laser according to the contour data, the beam splitter and the scanning galvanometer are used to change the beam path, and the F-θ mirror is used to form a uniform light spot to melt the mixed powder material.

[0010] Optionally, a lifting motor is installed at the lower side of the forming pool, and the lifting motor is used to control the up and down movement of the lifting plate. The lifting motor is electrically connected to the control center.

[0011] Optionally, the powder conveying assembly includes a material distribution chamber. A plurality of material distribution plates are installed inside the material distribution chamber, and the material distribution plates and the material distribution plates form a V-shaped structure. A material distribution motor for driving the material distribution plates to rotate is fixed on the outside of the material distribution chamber, and a powder pump is installed on the lower side of the material distribution chamber. The powder pump includes a deformation tube and a cavity shell sleeved on the outside of the deformation tube, and an air pressure pump is fixed on the cavity shell; the air pressure pump is used to control the volume change of the deformation tube so that the powder is mixed with the gas in the deformation tube; the material distribution motor and the air pressure pump are electrically connected to the control center.

[0012] Optionally, the powder pushing device includes a U-shaped bracket, a V-shaped scraper is installed on the U-shaped bracket, and the V-shaped scraper is in contact with the forming table; a pushing motor is installed at the end of the forming table, a pushing screw is installed at the output end of the pushing motor, and the pushing screw is threadedly connected to the U-shaped bracket; sliding tables are installed on both sides of the forming table, and the U-shaped bracket is slidably connected to the sliding table; a groove is opened on the sliding table, and protrusions matching the groove are installed on both sides of the U-shaped bracket, and the groove is used to limit the up and down movement of the U-shaped bracket.

[0013] Optionally, a protective gas chamber is installed on the forming chamber, and the protective gas chamber is used to supplement inert gas into the forming chamber.

[0014] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device uses high-voltage electrostatic chamber technology to evenly mix powder particles, improving processing quality and efficiency; the pulsating airflow resonance effect significantly enhances the powder separation effect and improves the separation efficiency; the overall system can significantly reduce the production and manufacturing costs of functional gradient materials.

[0015] 2. Multi-material processing capability: The powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device can mix multiple materials and is suitable for manufacturing parts with complex shapes and high performance requirements; 3. The powder recovery device can separate and recover materials of different densities to improve the recovery rate of powder and increase the environmental friendliness of powder utilization; 4. A powder testing assembly is installed on the powder recovery tube, and the powder testing assembly includes a powder testing chamber, a powder testing tube is installed on the powder testing chamber, and the powder testing tube connects the powder testing chamber with the powder recovery tube; a powder conveying assembly is installed on the powder testing tube; the powder conveying assembly is used to convey the powder in the powder testing chamber to the powder separation chamber; a transient vibration applying device is provided below the powder separation chamber; the transient vibration applying device applies a transient vibration to the powder separation chamber; the pressure sensor records the pressure fluctuation signal of the powder separation chamber after the transient vibration; in the pressure fluctuation signal, the part showing obvious peaks and troughs and fluctuation attenuation trend is selected, wherein every two adjacent peaks are defined is a cycle number, starting from the first selected peak to the last selected peak, the cumulative number of cycles divided by the interval time, the result of calculation is the natural frequency; the pulse modulator generates a pulsating airflow by adjusting the frequency of the airflow; when the frequency of the pulsating airflow is consistent with the natural frequency calculated before, a resonance effect is generated; the mechanism of the resonance effect is that the pulsating airflow with resonance effect can make the low-density powder particles originally in the powder separation chamber gradually change from a chaotic and disordered motion state to a uniform vibration motion state along the direction of the pulsating airflow, maintaining the same frequency and amplitude as the pulsating airflow, thereby reducing the influence of the chaotically moving particles and improving the quality and controllability of powder separation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a powder recovery device according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a powder recovery device according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device according to the embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the material forming device of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a powder delivery assembly according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a powder delivery assembly according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the forming table in the embodiment of the present application; Fig.10It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the powder pushing device according to an embodiment of the present application; In the figure, 1, forming chamber; 11, forming table; 12, forming pool; 121, lifting plate; 122, lifting motor; 13, powder holding pool; 14, protective gas chamber; 2, powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device; 21, powder proportioning chamber; 22, powder proportioning conveying pipe; 23, powder storage bin; 24, high-voltage electrostatic chamber; 25, powder discharge port; 26, charge elimination plate; 27, spiral plate; 28, powder discharge control motor; 29, rotating shaft; 3, material forming device; 31, fiber laser; 32, beam expander; 33, beam splitter; 34, scanning galvanometer; 35, feedback device; 36, F-θ mirror; 4, powder recovery device; 40, pulse modulator; 41, powder separation chamber; 411, instantaneous Vibration applying device; 42, powder recovery pipe; 43, air blowing pipe; 44, blower; 45, powder recovery chamber; 46, air outlet; 47, powder connecting pipe; 48, powder testing assembly; 481, powder testing chamber; 482, powder testing tube; 49, discharge pipe; 410, top exhaust pipe; 412, air flow control valve; 5, powder pushing device; 51, U-shaped bracket; 52, V-shaped scraper; 53, pushing motor; 54, pushing screw; 55, sliding table; 56, groove; 57, protrusion; 6, control center; 7, powder conveying assembly; 71, material distribution chamber; 72, material distribution plate; 73, material distribution motor; 74, powder pump; 75, deformation tube; 76, cavity shell; 77, air pressure pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following is combined with Figure 1 -Attached Fig.10 , further details of this application are given.

[0018] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3, an additive manufacturing device for achieving functional gradient material mixing and recycling, comprising a forming chamber 1, a powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device 2 is installed in the forming chamber 1, a material forming device 3 is installed in the forming chamber 1, and a powder recovery device 4 is installed at the lower side of the forming chamber 1; the lower side of the forming chamber 1 is fixed to a forming table 11, a forming pool 12 is arranged on the forming table 11, a powder holding pool 13 is arranged on the forming table 11, and the powder holding pool 13 is connected to the powder recovery device 4; a powder pushing device 5 is installed on the forming table 11, and the powder pushing device 5 is used to push the powder into the forming pool 12 and the powder holding pool 13; a lifting plate 121 is installed in the forming pool 12; the material forming device 3 is used to melt the powder so that the powder forms a mold in the forming pool 12; the powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device 2 is used to mix the powder evenly and then put it on the forming table 11; a control center 6 is installed on the forming chamber 1, and the control center 6 is used to control the operation of the powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device 2, the material forming device 3, the powder recovery device 4 and the powder pushing device 5.

[0019] Powders of different densities such as (Ti6Al4V powder and Inconel 718 powder) is put on the molding table 11 after the proportioning is completed in the powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device 2, and is pushed into the molding pool 12 by the powder pushing device 5 to fill the molding pool 12, and the excess mixed powder is pushed into the powder holding pool 13. The material forming device 3 generates a laser to heat the mixed powder at a high temperature, so that the powder in the designated area is melted and solidified together. At this time, the lifting plate 121 installed in the molding pool 12 moves downward, and the powder pushing device 5 fills the molding pool 12 again, and the material forming device 3 is used to heat and form again. After multiple forming, we get the model we need; the lifting plate 121 installed in the molding pool 12 is raised to be flush with the molding table 11, and the model is taken away. At this time, the powder pushing device 5 pushes all the powder into the powder holding pool 13, and the powder is transported to the powder recovery device 4. After being processed by the powder recovery device 4, the powders with different densities are separated, so that the unused powder can be used again; therefore, the powder recovery device 4 can separate and recycle materials of different densities to improve the recovery rate of the powder and increase the environmental friendliness of the powder utilization.

[0020] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3The powder recovery device 4 comprises a powder separation chamber 41, on which a powder recovery pipe 42 is installed, which is connected to the powder holding pool 13, and an air blowing pipe 43 is installed at the lower end of the powder separation chamber 41, and an end of the air blowing pipe 43 away from the powder separation chamber 41 is connected to a blower 44, which is used to make powders of different densities be layered in the powder separation chamber 41, and a plurality of powder recovery chambers 45 are installed on the powder separation chamber 41, which are distributed up and down on the final separation chamber 41, the upper powder recovery chamber 45 is used to recover low-density powder, and the lower powder recovery chamber is used to recover high-density powder; an air outlet 46 is provided at one end of the powder recovery chamber 45 away from the powder separation chamber 41, and the powder recovery chamber 45 is connected to the powder separation chamber 41 through a powder connecting pipe 47; a powder conveying assembly 7 is installed on the powder recovery pipe 42; In the process of recycling the powder, the powder conveying assembly 7 conveys the mixed powder from the powder holding pool 13 to the powder separation chamber 41, and the blower 44 generates wind energy to stratify the powder in the powder separation chamber 41. In the process of recycling, the air outlet 46 of the top powder recovery chamber 45 is first opened, and a cloth bag is put on, so that the gas passes through the upper powder recovery chamber 45, and the low-density powder is blown into the powder recovery chamber 45 at this time. After the low-density powder is recovered, the air outlet 46 of the lower powder recovery chamber 45 is opened, and a cloth bag is put on, and the blower 44 continues to work to blow the powder with high density into the lower powder recovery chamber 45; thereby, powders of different densities are separated; The powder recovery chamber 45 is connected to the powder separation chamber 41 through a powder connecting pipe 47. When the gas enters the powder recovery chamber 45 from the powder connecting pipe 47, the volume of the powder recovery chamber 45 becomes larger and the gas flow rate decreases. At this time, the powder stays in the powder recovery chamber 45. A discharge pipe 49 is installed on the lower side of the powder recovery chamber 45. A sealing plug is detachably installed on the discharge pipe 49. After the discharge pipe 49 is opened, the recovered powder can be taken out.

[0021] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 A powder testing assembly 48 is installed on the powder recovery tube 42, and the powder testing assembly 48 includes a powder testing chamber 481, and a powder testing tube 482 is installed on the powder testing chamber 481, and the powder testing tube 482 connects the powder testing chamber 481 with the powder recovery tube 42; a powder conveying assembly 7 is installed on the powder testing tube 482; the powder conveying assembly 7 is used to convey the powder in the powder testing chamber 481 to the powder separation chamber 41; the blower 44 is turned on to blow up the low-density powder, so that the height of the low-density powder is greater than the height of the lower powder recovery chamber 45, and the powder is suspended at the height of the upper powder recovery chamber 45, and the air flow velocity at this time is recorded and set as the separation velocity of the low-density powder, so that the low-density powder can smoothly enter the powder recovery chamber 45.

[0022] A top exhaust pipe 410 is installed at the top of the powder separation chamber 41 . An airflow control valve 412 is installed on the top exhaust pipe 410 and the air outlet 46 . The airflow control valve 412 is electrically connected to the control center 6 .

[0023] The powder conveying assembly 7 is used to convey the powder in the powder testing chamber 481 to the powder separation chamber 41 , and firstly controls the top exhaust pipe 410 to be in an open state and the air outlet 46 to be in a closed state.

[0024] Under the action of gas, the low-density powder in the powder separation chamber 41 is stably suspended at a higher position in the powder separation chamber 41. The air flow velocity at this time is recorded and set as the separation velocity of the low-density powder.

[0025] When the mixed powder is put into the powder separation chamber 41, it is kept for a period of time under the action of the separation speed of the low-density powder so that the low-density powder and the high-density powder are fully stratified. At this time, the air outlet 46 on the upper powder recovery chamber 45 is controlled to be open, and the top exhaust pipe 410 is closed. At this time, the low-density powder enters the powder recovery chamber 45 on the side; after the low-density powder recovery is completed, the top exhaust pipe 410 and the air outlet 46 on the upper powder recovery chamber 45 are closed, and the air outlet 46 on the lower powder recovery chamber 45 is opened. At this time, the high-density powder is recovered into the lower powder recovery chamber 45.

[0026] The powder separation chamber 41 is provided with a pressure sensor, which is electrically connected to the control center 6 ; the powder recovery device 4 also includes a pulse modulator 40 , which is used to adjust the pulse of the blower 44 .

[0027] An instantaneous vibration applying device 411 is provided below the powder separation chamber 41; the instantaneous vibration applying device 411 applies an instantaneous vibration to the powder separation chamber 41; the pressure sensor records the pressure fluctuation signal of the powder separation chamber 41 after the instantaneous vibration; in the pressure fluctuation signal, the part showing obvious peaks and troughs and fluctuation attenuation trend is selected, wherein every two adjacent peaks are defined as a cycle number, and the accumulated number of cycles from the first selected peak to the last selected peak is divided by the interval time, and the result of the calculation is the natural frequency; the pulse modulator 40 generates a pulsating airflow by adjusting the frequency of the airflow; when the frequency of the pulsating airflow is consistent with the natural frequency calculated previously, a resonance effect is generated.

[0028] The mechanism of the resonance effect is that the pulsating airflow with resonance effect can make the low-density powder particles originally in the powder separation chamber 41 gradually change from a chaotic and disordered motion state to a uniform vibration motion state along the direction of the pulsating airflow, maintaining the same frequency and amplitude as the pulsating airflow, thereby reducing the impact of the chaotically moving particles and improving the quality and controllability of powder separation.

[0029] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 5 The powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device 2 includes a powder proportioning chamber 21, on which two powder proportioning conveying pipes 22 are installed, and a powder storage bin 23 is fixed at one end of the powder proportioning conveying pipe 22 away from the powder proportioning chamber 21, and two different powders are stored in the two powder storage bins 23, respectively. Ti6Al4V powder with a density of 4.43g / cm³ is placed in one powder storage bin 23, and Inconel 718 powder with a density of 8.19g / cm³ is placed in the other powder storage bin 23; A powder conveying assembly 7 is installed on the powder proportioning and conveying pipe 22, and a high-voltage electrostatic chamber 24 is installed on the powder proportioning and conveying pipe 22, and the high-voltage electrostatic chamber 24 is used to charge the powder; a powder discharge port 25 is installed at the lower end of the powder proportioning chamber 21, and a charge elimination plate 26 is arranged directly below the powder discharge port 25, and the charge elimination plate 26 is grounded; the high-voltage electrostatic chamber 24 is electrically connected to the control center 6; a spiral plate 27 is installed in the powder discharge port 25, and the spiral plate 27 is used to control the powder discharge, and a powder discharge control motor 28 is installed on the powder proportioning chamber 21, and the powder discharge control motor 28 is connected to the spiral plate 27 through a rotating shaft 29.

[0030] Negative corona discharge is performed in the high-voltage electrostatic chamber 24 on one side, and positive corona discharge is performed in the high-voltage electrostatic chamber 24 on the other side. The powder conveying component 7 conveys the powder to the high-voltage electrostatic chamber 24, so that the Ti6Al4V powder is charged with negative static electricity, and the Inconel 718 is charged with positive static electricity after passing through the high-voltage electrostatic chamber 24. When the Ti6Al4V powder and the Inconel718 powder with different static electricity and a certain ratio are sprayed into the powder proportioning chamber 21, they are adsorbed and mixed with each other. The mixed powder is put onto the charge elimination plate 26 by rotating the spiral plate 27 through the powder discharge control motor 28. The charge elimination plate 26 is grounded to release the excess charge, thereby eliminating the influence of the excess charge in the mixed powder. Finally, the mixed powder is put onto the forming table 11, pushed into the forming pool 12 by the powder pushing device 5, and processed and formed under the action of the material forming device 3.

[0031] Reference Figure 6 The material forming device 3 includes a fiber laser 31, a beam expander 32 installed at the output end of the fiber laser 31, a beam splitter 33 installed on the side of the beam expander 32 away from the fiber laser 31, a scanning galvanometer 34 is arranged on the side of the beam splitter 33 away from the beam expander 32, a feedback device 35 is connected to the beam splitter 33, and an F-θ mirror 36 is arranged on the lower side of the scanning galvanometer 34. The fiber laser 31 and the feedback device 35 are electrically connected to the control center 6; the control center 6 controls the shaped laser beam generated by the fiber laser 31 according to the contour data, the beam splitter 33 and the scanning galvanometer 34 are used to change the beam path, and the F-θ mirror 36 is used to form a uniform light spot to melt the mixed powder material.

[0032] The fiber laser 31 is controlled by the control center 6 to generate a shaped laser beam. The shaped laser beam is expanded by the beam expander 32, the beam splitter 33 and the scanning galvanometer 34 change the beam path, and the F-θ mirror 36 forms a uniform light spot. The fiber laser 31 is connected to the control center 6 via an optical fiber.

[0033] During the processing, the forming laser beam is reflected by the scanning galvanometer 34 and the beam splitter 33 to form a feedback laser beam; the feedback laser beam enters the feedback device 35 to collect feedback information; the feedback device 35 is connected to the control center 6 through an optical fiber; the three-dimensional solid model of the processed part is designed using design software, and the contour data of each interface is obtained through special software, and these data are imported into the forming equipment. The equipment controls the forming laser beam generated by the fiber laser 31 by the control center 6 according to these contour data, and expands the beam through the beam expander 32, changes the beam path through the beam splitter 33 and the scanning galvanometer 34, and forms a uniform spot through the F-θ mirror 36 to melt the mixed powder material; during processing, the forming laser beam changes the path of the scanning galvanometer 34 and the beam splitter 33 to form a feedback laser beam, and the feedback laser beam is analyzed by the feedback device 35, and the feedback data is transmitted to the control center 6, and the control center 6 further controls the fiber laser 31 to change the processing parameter information in real time according to the feedback information.

[0034] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Fig. 9 A lifting motor 122 is installed on the lower side of the forming pool 12. The lifting motor 122 is used to control the lifting plate 121 to move up and down. The lifting motor 122 is electrically connected to the control center 6. A screw is installed on the lifting motor 122, and a threaded barrel is installed on the lower side of the lifting plate 121. The control center 6 controls the lifting plate 121 to move up and down through the lifting motor 6 after processing the data of the feedback device 35 in combination with the model data. Every time the lifting plate 121 descends, the powder pushing device 5 replenishes the powder once, and the material forming device 3 melts the powder once according to the data. After multiple processing, we can get the model we need.

[0035] Reference Figure 7 , Figure 8The powder conveying assembly 7 includes a material distribution chamber 71, a plurality of material distribution plates 72 are installed inside the material distribution chamber 71, and the material distribution plates 72 and the material distribution plates 72 form a V-shaped structure. A material distribution motor 73 for driving the material distribution plates 72 to rotate is fixed on the outside of the material distribution chamber 71, and a powder pump 74 is installed on the lower side of the material distribution chamber 71. The powder pump 74 includes a deformation tube 75 and a cavity shell 76 sleeved on the outside of the deformation tube 75, and an air pressure pump 77 is fixed on the cavity shell 76; the air pressure pump 77 is used to control the volume change of the deformation tube 75 , so that the powder is mixed with the gas in the deformation tube 75; the material distribution motor 73 and the air pressure pump 77 are electrically connected to the control center 6. After the powder enters the material distribution chamber 71, the material distribution motor 73 controls the material plate 72 to rotate and puts it into the powder pump 74, and the powder pump 74 transports the powder; the amount of powder put in can be controlled by the powder motor 73, and the speed of rotation of the material distribution motor 73 is controlled by the control center 6 to achieve the powder putting amount and putting speed, so that Ti6Al4V powder and Inconel 718 powder are sprayed into the powder proportioning chamber 21 to complete the proportioning.

[0036] The deformation tube 75 is made of silicone or rubber material. When the powder enters the deformation tube 75, the air pump 77 generates negative pressure, causing the deformation tube 75 to expand in the cavity shell 76, and the powder in the deformation tube 75 is mixed with the air. At this time, the air pump 77 generates positive pressure, and the deformation tube 75 shrinks rapidly under the action of elastic force and air pressure, and the air mixed with the powder enters the conveying chamber in the form of a jet.

[0037] Under the action of the material distribution chamber 71 and the material distribution plate 72, the reverse flow of air can be reduced during the operation of the air pressure pump 77, so that the powder conveying component 7 can be conveyed in one direction, and the reverse spraying of powder can be effectively prevented.

[0038] Reference Fig. 9 , Fig.10 The powder pushing device 5 includes a U-shaped bracket 51, on which a V-shaped scraper 52 is installed, and the V-shaped scraper 52 is in contact with the forming table 11; a pushing motor 53 is installed at the end of the forming table 11, and a pushing screw 54 is installed at the output end of the pushing motor 53, and the pushing screw 54 is threadedly connected to the U-shaped bracket 51; the powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device 2 puts the mixed powder onto the forming table 11, and the pushing motor 53 drives the pushing screw 54 to rotate, controls the horizontal movement of the U-shaped bracket 51, and the V-shaped scraper 52 can move the scattered powder to the center position. When the V-shaped scraper 52 passes through the forming pool 12, there is enough powder to fill the forming pool 12, and the U-shaped bracket 51 continues to move forward to put the excess mixed powder into the powder holding pool 13.

[0039] Sliding tables 55 are installed on both sides of the forming table 11, and the U-shaped bracket 51 is slidably connected to the sliding tables 55; a groove 56 is opened on the sliding table 55, and protrusions 57 matching the groove 56 are installed on both sides of the U-shaped bracket 51, and the groove 56 is used to limit the up and down movement of the U-shaped bracket 51; The groove 56 and the protrusion 57 are used to limit the up and down movement of the U-shaped bracket 51 so that the V-shaped scraper 52 is closely fitted to the forming table 11 .

[0040] Reference Figure 1 A protective gas chamber 14 is installed on the forming chamber 1, and the protective gas chamber 14 is used to supplement inert gas into the forming chamber 1.

[0041] The embodiments of this specific implementation are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. The same components are represented by the same figure marks. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An additive manufacturing device for mixing and recycling functional gradient materials, characterized in that: The invention comprises a forming chamber (1), wherein a powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device (2) is installed in the forming chamber (1), a material forming device (3) is installed in the forming chamber (1), and a powder recovery device (4) is installed at the lower side of the forming chamber (1); the lower side of the forming chamber (1) is fixed to a forming table (11), a forming pool (12) is arranged on the forming table (11), a powder holding pool (13) is arranged on the forming table (11), and the powder holding pool (13) is connected to the powder recovery device (4); a powder pushing device (5) is installed on the forming table (11), and the powder pushing device (5) is connected to the powder recovery device (4) (5) is used to push the powder into the forming pool (12) and the powder holding pool (13); the forming pool (12) is provided with a lifting plate (121); the material forming device (3) is used to melt the powder so that the powder forms a mold in the forming pool (12); the powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device (2) is used to evenly mix powders of different densities and then place them on the forming table (11); the forming chamber (1) is provided with a control center (6), and the control center (6) is used to control the operation of the powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device (2), the material forming device (3), the powder recovery device (4) and the powder pushing device (5).

2. The additive manufacturing device for achieving functional gradient material mixing and recycling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The powder recovery device (4) comprises a powder separation chamber (41), a powder recovery pipe (42) being installed on the powder separation chamber (41), the powder recovery pipe (42) being connected to the powder containing pool (13), an air blowing pipe (43) being installed at the lower end of the powder separation chamber (41), the air blowing pipe (43) being connected to a blower (44) at one end away from the powder separation chamber (41), the blower (44) being used to make powders of different densities be layered in the powder separation chamber (41), a plurality of powder recovery chambers (45) being installed on the powder separation chamber (41), the powder recovery chambers (45) being provided with air outlets (46) at one end away from the powder separation chamber (41), the powder recovery chambers (45) being connected to the powder separation chamber (41) via a powder connecting pipe (47); a powder conveying assembly (7) being installed on the powder recovery pipe (42); and a discharge pipe (49) being installed at the lower side of the powder recovery chamber (45).

3. An additive manufacturing device for mixing and recycling functional gradient materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top end of the powder separation chamber (41) is installed with a top exhaust pipe (410), and an air flow control valve (412) is installed on the top exhaust pipe (410) and the air outlet (46), and the air flow control valve (412) is electrically connected to the control center (6).

4. The additive manufacturing device for mixing and recycling functional gradient materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The powder recovery pipe (42) is provided with a powder testing assembly (48), the powder testing assembly (48) comprising a powder testing chamber (481), the powder testing chamber (481) being provided with a powder testing tube (482), the powder testing tube (482) connecting the powder testing chamber (481) with the powder recovery pipe (42); the powder testing tube (482) is provided with a powder conveying assembly (7); the powder conveying assembly (7) is used to convey the powder in the powder testing chamber (481) to the powder separation chamber (41); a transient vibration applying device (411) is provided below the powder separation chamber (41); the powder separation chamber (41) is provided with a pressure sensor, the pressure sensor being electrically connected to the control center (6); the powder recovery device (4) further comprises a pulse modulator (40), the pulse modulator (40) controlling the pulse of the blower (44).

5. The additive manufacturing device for achieving functional gradient material mixing and recycling according to claim 3, characterized in that: The powder electrostatic real-time proportioning device (2) comprises a powder proportioning chamber (21), a plurality of powder proportioning conveying pipes (22) are installed on the powder proportioning chamber (21), a powder storage bin (23) is fixed at one end of the powder proportioning conveying pipe (22) away from the powder proportioning chamber (21), a powder conveying assembly (7) is installed on the powder proportioning conveying pipe (22), a high-voltage electrostatic chamber (24) is installed on the powder proportioning conveying pipe (22), and the high-voltage electrostatic chamber (24) is used to charge the powder; a powder proportioning chamber (21) is installed at the lower end thereof. A powder discharge port (25) is provided, and a charge elimination plate (26) is provided directly below the powder discharge port (25), and the charge elimination plate (26) is grounded; the high-voltage static electricity chamber (24) is electrically connected to the control center (6); a spiral plate (27) is installed in the powder discharge port (25), and the spiral plate (27) is used to control the discharge of powder; a powder discharge control motor (28) is installed on the powder proportioning chamber (21), and the powder discharge control motor (28) is connected to the spiral plate (27) via a rotating shaft (29).

6. The additive manufacturing device for achieving functional gradient material mixing and recycling according to claim 4, characterized in that: The material forming device (3) comprises a fiber laser (31), a beam expander (32) installed at the output end of the fiber laser (31), a beam splitter (33) installed on the side of the beam expander (32) away from the fiber laser (31), a scanning galvanometer (34) is arranged on the side of the beam splitter (33) away from the beam expander (32), a feedback device (35) is connected to the beam splitter (33), an F-θ mirror (36) is arranged on the lower side of the scanning galvanometer (34), the fiber laser (31) and the feedback device (35) are electrically connected to the control center (6); the control center (6) controls the shaped laser beam generated by the fiber laser (31) according to the profile data, the beam splitter (33) and the scanning galvanometer (34) are used to change the beam path, and the F-θ mirror (36) is used to form a uniform light spot to melt the mixed powder material.

7. The additive manufacturing device for achieving functional gradient material mixing and recycling according to claim 5, characterized in that: A lifting motor (122) is installed on the lower side of the molding pool (12). The lifting motor (122) is used to control the lifting plate (121) to move up and down. The lifting motor (122) is electrically connected to the control center (6).

8. The additive manufacturing device for achieving functional gradient material mixing and recycling according to claim 6, characterized in that: The powder conveying assembly (7) comprises a material distribution chamber (71). A plurality of material distribution plates (72) are installed inside the material distribution chamber (71), and the material distribution plates (72) and the material distribution plates (72) form a V-shaped structure. A material distribution motor (73) for driving the material distribution plates (72) to rotate is fixed on the outside of the material distribution chamber (71). A powder pump (74) is installed on the lower side of the material distribution chamber (71). The powder pump (74) comprises a deformation tube (75) and a cavity shell (76) sleeved on the outside of the deformation tube (75), and an air pressure pump (77) is fixed on the cavity shell (76); the air pressure pump (77) is used to control the volume change of the deformation tube (75) so that the powder is mixed with the gas in the deformation tube (75); the material distribution motor (73) and the air pressure pump (77) are electrically connected to the control center (6).

9. The additive manufacturing device for achieving functional gradient material mixing and recycling according to claim 7, characterized in that: The powder pushing device (5) comprises a U-shaped bracket (51), on which a V-shaped scraper (52) is mounted, and the V-shaped scraper (52) is in contact with the forming table (11); a pushing motor (53) is mounted at the end of the forming table (11), and a pushing screw (54) is mounted at the output end of the pushing motor (53), and the pushing screw (54) is threadedly connected to the U-shaped bracket (51); sliding tables (55) are mounted on both sides of the forming table (11), and the U-shaped bracket (51) is slidably connected to the sliding table (55); a groove (56) is formed on the sliding table (55), and protrusions (57) matching the groove (56) are mounted on both sides of the U-shaped bracket (51), and the groove (56) is used to limit the up and down movement of the U-shaped bracket (51).

10. The additive manufacturing device for achieving functional gradient material mixing and recycling according to claim 8, characterized in that: A protective gas chamber (14) is installed on the forming chamber (1), and the protective gas chamber (14) is used to supplement inert gas into the forming chamber (1).

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