This invention discloses a three-beam coaxial adaptive
laser melting and forming method and apparatus, relating to the fields of
metal additive manufacturing and
laser welding technology. The method includes: activating a protective gas
system; starting a high-precision real-
time control system, acquiring multi-source signals from the
molten pool region in real time through a monitoring module; transmitting the multi-source signals acquired by the monitoring module to a
central processing unit to establish a mapping relationship model between
monitoring features and
process quality; based on the output of the mapping relationship model, real-time
feedback control of
laser power, wire feeding speed, and
powder feeding rate; and repeating the
adaptive control steps to achieve full-process adaptive closed-
loop control of the forming path. This invention employs the aforementioned three-beam coaxial adaptive laser melting and forming method and apparatus, which has the advantages of good
synergy and multiple control dimensions, enabling online real-time closed-
loop control of the manufacturing process and solving the problems of uneven gap repair and forming defects and composition control in the preparation of functionally graded materials.