174 results about "Electrophoretic deposition" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of biomedical engineering, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of a titanium dental implant surface coating, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, pretreatment of a titanium dental implant matrix: sequentially carrying out grinding and polishing, ultrasonic cleaning and acid etching treatment; s2, preparation of a coating precursor solution: adding nano-hydroxyapatite powder, chitosan, gelatin and titanium dioxide nanoparticles into deionized water, stirring to form a suspension, then adding a silver nitrate solution, and continuously stirring to form the coating precursor solution; s3, coating a coating: coating the surface of the pretreated titanium dental implant matrix with the coating precursor solution by adopting an electrophoretic deposition method; and S4, drying and sintering: drying and sintering the coated titanium dental implant. According to the preparation method of the titanium dental implant surface coating, provided by the invention, the bonding strength between the coating and the titanium dental implant matrix can be improved.

The invention discloses a BDD electrode material and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following core steps: pretreating the surface of a porous titanium substrate; depositing a nanoscale TiN film layer on the surface of the pretreated porous titanium substrate in advance; depositing a layer of single-walled carbon nanotube network on the TiN thin film layer by using an electrophoretic deposition method; growing a highly-doped BDD layer on the single-walled carbon nanotube network by adopting a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition technology; repeating the two steps to form a multi-layer SWCNT / BDD composite structure, and controlling the thickness of the multi-layer SWCNT / BDD composite structure to be 1-50 microns; and finally, depositing a low-doped BDD active layer with the thickness of 1-5 microns by adopting a hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) technology. According to the pulse laser assisted preparation process provided by the invention, the femtosecond laser pulse is introduced to replace traditional plasma treatment, so that the process flow is simplified, and the efficiency is improved; according to the technology, the process is simplified, the quality of the TiN film is improved through accurate energy input, and a new way is opened up for further improving the performance of the BDD electrode.

The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic materials, and provides a photovoltaic profile and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out surface conditioning and phosphorization on a steel substrate (carbon steel or recycled steel or low alloy steel), carrying out electrophoretic deposition by using epoxy thermosetting electrophoretic primer, and pre-drying; the outer surface of a workpiece is coated with fluorocarbon finish paint (the fluorocarbon finish paint comprises the following raw materials in specific content: polyester resin with a certain viscosity hydroxyl value, fluorocarbon resin with a certain viscosity hydroxyl value, pigment filler, an organic solvent, a wetting leveling agent, a dispersing agent, a defoaming agent, an adhesion promoter and an aliphatic isocyanate curing agent), and curing is performed. And an electrophoretic primer layer with the thickness of 15-25 microns and a fluorocarbon finish layer with the thickness of 20-30 microns are formed on the outer surface of the steel substrate through curing. According to the photovoltaic profile, the electrophoretic primer layer and the fluorocarbon finish paint layer are formed on the low-cost steel substrate through one-time curing, the process can be simplified, the cost can be reduced, the paint layer is thin, and the photovoltaic profile further has long-term excellent adhesive force, aging resistance, corrosion resistance, weather resistance, gloss retention and the like.

A method for producing a radiation-emitting component comprises providing a carrier with a housing structure, wherein the housing structure is formed from a polymer material and has a recess. The method further comprises arranging a radiation-emitting semiconductor chip on the carrier in the recess of the housing structure, and forming a reflective layer at least on the housing structure. Forming the reflective layer comprises electrophoretic deposition of reflective particles. A radiation-emitting component is also described.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a non-polymer coating of a pure magnesium intravascular stent, and relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and the method comprises the following steps: pretreatment: immersing the pure magnesium intravascular stent into a diluted hydrochloric acid solution for ultrasonic cleaning, removing a surface oxidation film and impurities, then washing the pure magnesium intravascular stent with deionized water until the pure magnesium intravascular stent is neutral, and drying the pure magnesium intravascular stent for later use; micro-arc oxidation: taking the pretreated bracket as an anode, taking a stainless steel plate as a cathode, putting the bracket and the stainless steel plate in electrolyte, applying pulse voltage for treatment, and generating a ceramic oxide layer with the thickness of 5-20 microns on the surface of the bracket; and bioactive coating: immersing the stent subjected to micro-arc oxidation into the suspension, and depositing by adopting an electrophoretic deposition method to form a hydroxyapatite coating with the thickness of 1-5 microns. According to the non-polymer coating method for the pure magnesium intravascular stent, no polymer is used in the whole coating process, inflammatory reaction possibly caused by the polymer and degradation products of the polymer is avoided, and the biological safety of the stent is improved.

The invention relates to a method for preparing a diffusion bonding layer on a nickel-based alloy and YSZ ceramic coating interface, and belongs to the technical field of metal material surface protection and ceramic coatings. According to the preparation method, a YSZ composite ceramic coating is deposited on the surface of the nickel-based alloy by adopting an electrophoretic deposition method, and then an MCr2O5 (M is Zr, Y, Ce, Yb and Al) diffusion bonding layer is prepared on the interface of the nickel-based alloy and the YSZ composite ceramic coating by adopting a pressureless discharge sintering and thermal diffusion treatment method. The bonding layer prepared through the diffusion method is good in interface bonding, the thermal stress between the nickel-based alloy and the YSZ ceramic coating is effectively buffered, the defects that a bonding layer prepared through a traditional method is large in pore impurity amount and the like can be overcome, and the bonding force between the ceramic coating and a base body and the high-temperature anti-oxidation and anti-stripping performance are remarkably improved.

Described herein are methods and systems for additive manufacturing of parts comprising electrolytic deposits and electrophoretic deposits. Such methods and methods provide various new ways for integrating different materials into composite parts. Specifically, an additive manufacturing system comprises an electrode array with individually-addressable electrodes. Each individually-addressable electrode is coupled to a separate deposition control circuit, which selectively connects this electrode to a power supply. When forming a composite part, the electrode array can control the location of each electrolytic deposit (by controlling the current flow through each individually-addressable electrode) and each electrophoretic deposit (by controlling the electric field distribution). An electrolyte solution or an electrophoretic suspension is provided between the electrode array and deposition electrode to form corresponding deposits. In addition to the electrode-array provided control, alternating the electrolytic and electrophoretic deposition operations can be used to locate the corresponding deposits within a composite part.

The invention relates to a sequence-adjustable Ti3C2Tx / GO heterojunction parallel arrangement enhanced multifunctional protective coating and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of surface engineering.The method comprises the steps that S1, epoxy electrophoretic resin and deionized water are weighed, mixed to be uniform and left to stand so that the epoxy electrophoretic resin and the deionized water can be fully cured, the cured solution is divided into two parts, and a solution A and a solution B are obtained; s2, fully protonated Ti < 3 > C < 2 > T < x > is added into the solution A; adding single-sided protonated GO into the solution B, and respectively stirring at room temperature for 1 hour to obtain a mixed solution A and a mixed solution B; s3, the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B are sequentially poured into an epoxy electrophoresis tank for electrophoretic deposition; and S4, after deposition is completed, residual liquid resin on the surface of the coating is washed away with running water, curing is conducted for 85-100 min at the temperature of 170-210 DEG C, and the multifunctional protective coating is obtained.

The invention belongs to the technical field of high-voltage electric appliance material preparation, and particularly relates to a zinc oxide resistor disc and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) pre-sintering zinc oxide powder; (2) mixing the zinc oxide powder obtained in the step (1), an auxiliary agent and a dispersion liquid, and carrying out ball milling to obtain slurry; the particle size D50 of the slurry is 0.8-1.2 [mu] m, and the dispersity is greater than or equal to 95%; (3) performing spray drying and granulation on the slurry to obtain granulation powder; (4) carrying out molding and first sintering on the granulated powder to obtain a resistor disc semi-finished product; the first sintering adopts sectional sintering; and (5) forming an electrode layer on at least one surface of the resistor disc semi-finished product by adopting a vacuum sputtering and / or electrophoretic deposition process, and performing secondary sintering and annealing. The contact resistance of the zinc oxide resistor disc is less than or equal to 5m omega; and after 1000 hours of aging in a 85 DEG C + 85% RH environment, the leakage current increase is less than or equal to 2 [mu] A, and the performance degradation rate is less than or equal to 5%.

The invention belongs to the technical field of coatings, and discloses a corrosion-resistant high-impact-resistant electrophoretic coating and a preparation method thereof. The coating comprises a cationic water-based resin emulsion, flaky nano clay with epoxy groups grafted on the surface, a curing agent, a cosolvent and a functional additive, the core of the method is that through electric field driving in the electrophoretic deposition process, resin micelles and modified nano clay form a bionic micro-nano laminated structure in which hard inorganic sheet layers and flexible organic layers are alternately arranged on the surface of a cathode in situ, and interface bonding between the sheet layers is enhanced through chemical bonding. The bionic micro-nano laminated structure with clear periodicity and a chemical bonding interface is constructed through an in-situ co-deposition technology driven by an electric field, and the contradictions that hardness and toughness cannot be achieved at the same time and impact resistance and corrosion resistance are difficult to cooperate in the prior art are solved; the method is suitable for the high-end industrial fields such as automobile bodies, high-speed rail bogies, offshore wind power towers and the like with strict requirements on comprehensive protection performance.

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrode materials, and particularly relates to an electrode composite material of a flexible supercapacitor and a preparation method and application of the electrode composite material. According to the method, the nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots are deposited on the 1T-phase molybdenum disulfide nanosheets growing on the carbon cloth through an electrophoretic deposition method, the method is carried out at normal temperature and normal pressure, N-GQDs aggregation can be avoided, the process is simple, the controllability is high, the applicable material range is wide, and batch production is easy. The prepared flexible composite electrode has excellent electrochemical performance, compared with an original electrode, the specific capacitance value is remarkably improved, the cycling stability is enhanced, the flexible composite electrode can serve as a supercapacitor electrode material, and an assembled flexible all-solid-state symmetrical supercapacitor has good flexibility and electrochemical performance and has wide application prospects.

The application provides a two-dimensional RUB-18 zeolite membrane and a preparation method and application thereof in gas separation, and belongs to the technical field of two-dimensional nanosheet membrane preparation and gas separation, and the preparation method of the two-dimensional RUB-18 zeolite membrane comprises the following steps: ball-milling stripping to obtain a two-dimensional RUB-18 zeolite nanosheet solution; and placing a porous substrate into the two-dimensional RUB-18 zeolite nanosheet solution to perform electrophoretic deposition. The application provides a mild method for preparing two-dimensional RUB-18 zeolite nanosheets by ball-milling stripping, and the two-dimensional RUB-18 zeolite membrane is prepared from the two-dimensional RUB-18 zeolite nanosheets, which is simple, efficient, low in cost, and a two-dimensional RUB-18 zeolite membrane with a thickness of 200-800 nm can be grown on the porous substrate in 5-50 minutes, and the two-dimensional RUB-18 zeolite membrane can be successfully used for gas separation, and the permeability and selectivity can be considered.

The invention belongs to the technical field of zinc ion batteries, and particularly relates to a zinc metal negative electrode and a zinc ion battery. The zinc metal negative electrode comprises a zinc metal substrate and a coating covering the surface of the zinc metal substrate, the coating comprises a conductive metal oxide; the coating is formed on the zinc metal substrate in a manner independent of an organic polymer binder. According to the scheme, the use of an insulating organic polymer adhesive is avoided, so that the conductivity of the coating is improved, and the structural controllability of the coating is improved. The high-conductivity indium tin oxide (ITO) nanorod is prepared through cooperation of microwave solvothermal synthesis and high-temperature calcination, and a protective layer which is free of a binder and controllable in structure is constructed on the surface of the zinc foil through the electrophoretic deposition technology.

The invention belongs to the technical field of battery materials, and provides a copper net-carbon nanotube-silicon carbon negative electrode plate and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: putting a copper mesh and a carbon nanotube into an electrophoretic liquid, and carrying out electrophoretic deposition to obtain a porous copper-carbon nanotube composite precursor; under shielding gas, silane gas is introduced into the porous copper-carbon nanotube composite precursor, vapor deposition is carried out, and a silicon-carbon deposition precursor is obtained; and introducing a carbon source into the silicon-carbon deposition precursor under protective gas, and carrying out carbon coating. The porous interconnection structure of the copper mesh-carbon nanotube composite skeleton is utilized to provide mechanical support and a conductive path, stress is absorbed through pores to avoid stripping of the active layer, and the cycle service life is prolonged; the macroscopic supporting effect of the copper net framework is cooperated with the nanoscale flexible connection of the carbon nanotubes, so that the pulverization of the active silicon particles is inhibited; the copper net provides a longitudinal conductive trunk, and the carbon nanotubes construct transverse conductive branches to form a three-dimensional electron transmission path, so that the charge transfer impedance is reduced.

A method of making a converter layer includes performing electrophoresis to deposit converter material particles in a suspension composition onto a thin, non-conductive substrate to make a first intermediate structure; and fixing the converter material particles with a binder material and / or an inorganic coating in order to produce the converter layer. A converter assembly for a light emitting diode (LED), comprising: a converter layer comprising: electrophoretically deposited converter particles in combination with one or more of: a binder material; an inorganic coating of converter particles, and an inorganic coating of binder material when present; and a filler material.

The invention provides a carbon nanotube cold cathode, a preparation method thereof and an X-ray tube, and the preparation method of the carbon nanotube cold cathode comprises the following steps: carrying out ball milling on an agglomerated carbon nanotube to obtain carbon nanotube powder; mixing the carbon nanotube powder with a first solvent and an electrolyte solution, and performing ultrasonic oscillation to obtain a suspension; a metal substrate is placed in the suspension liquid for electrophoretic deposition, and the carbon nano tube thin film cold cathode is obtained; coating a curing agent on the carbon nano tube thin film cold cathode for cross-linking curing to obtain a cured carbon nano tube cold cathode; and enabling the carbon nano tube in the carbon nano tube cold cathode in the curing state to form a tip by utilizing a high-energy ion beam, and enabling the carbon nano tube to form an upright state by utilizing a high-strength electric field to obtain the carbon nano tube cold cathode in an activated state.

The invention provides a preparation method of a GDC barrier layer, electrophoretic deposition equipment, a preparation method of an SOFC single cell and the SOFC single cell, and belongs to the technical field of solid oxide fuel cells. According to the method for preparing the GDC barrier layer, a continuous coating is formed through deposition in an electrophoresis mode, and the GDC barrier layer is formed through drying and sintering. Wherein the electrophoresis liquid comprises the following raw materials: 5-10 wt% of GDC powder; the dispersing agent accounts for 0.1 wt%-1 wt% of the weight of the GDC powder, and the adhesive accounts for 1 wt%-5 wt% of the weight of the GDC powder. The electrophoretic deposition apparatus includes a deposition anode and a deposition cathode. The preparation method of the SOFC single cell comprises the method of the GDC barrier layer, and finally the SOFC single cell is prepared. The barrier layer is formed in an electrophoretic deposition mode, the interface bonding condition of the barrier layer and the base layer is improved, and the thickness of the barrier layer can be regulated and controlled according to needs.

A method for immersion bath treatment of a component includes applying a coating to a surface of the component, e.g., by way of electrophoretic deposition, and drying the coating. A catalyst for curing of the coating, which takes place while drying, is specifically applied in an uneven distribution.

The invention discloses a method for constructing an aluminum alloy surface difunctional composite coating based on an electrophoretic deposition technology and a product thereof, and belongs to the technical field of metal surface coating treatment. The method for constructing the bifunctional composite coating on the surface of the aluminum alloy based on the electrophoretic deposition technology comprises the following steps that surface pre-oxidation treatment is conducted on the aluminum alloy, and the aluminum alloy containing an aluminum oxide oxidation layer is obtained; and the modified nanometer aluminum oxide particles and epoxy resin are mixed to obtain electrophoretic liquid, and the bifunctional composite coating is constructed on the aluminum alloy surface containing the aluminum oxide oxidation layer through electrophoretic deposition and curing means. According to the method, the modified nanometer aluminum oxide particles and the epoxy resin are mixed and then subjected to electrophoretic deposition, the uniform and compact difunctional composite coating can be formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy, and therefore the electric insulation performance and the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy are remarkably improved.

The application discloses a high-efficiency energy-saving door and window glass structure based on graphene heat conduction regulation and a manufacturing method, relates to the field of door and window glasses, and comprises an outer frame plate, an inner frame plate and a controller, the inner frame plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer frame plate, and the controller is embeddedly installed on the side wall of the outer frame plate, characterized in that the inner frame plate comprises a fixed frame two, outer layer glass, middle layer glass and inner layer glass, and the outer layer glass, the middle layer glass and the inner layer glass are all fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed frame two. The graphene nanobelt directional heat conduction film is arranged along the glass normal direction by the magnetic field induced electrophoretic deposition technology, an efficient heat conduction path perpendicular to the glass surface is constructed, cold energy can be quickly conducted out in winter, and heat flow is blocked in summer; indoor heat preservation is enhanced in winter through the graphene film directional heat conduction; in summer, the phase change material is combined with melting heat absorption, indoor heat gain is reduced by more than 30%, and high-efficiency energy saving is realized.

A preparation method for a personal thermal management fabric with a temperature visualization function comprises the following steps: wet spinning polyurethane doped with Ag nanoparticles to obtain silver-containing conductive fibers, annealing on a 160°C hot plate for 5-10 minutes, and then treating with oxygen plasma for 30 seconds; dispersing 0.1-0.3wt% of negatively charged thermochromic powder, 0.3-0.5wt% of aqueous polyurethane, and 0.05wt% of sodium lauryl sulfate in deionized water to prepare an electrophoretic solution; electrophoretically depositing the treated silver-containing conductive fibers with the electrophoretic solution to obtain thermochromic conductive fibers; and weaving the thermochromic conductive fibers through a textile weaving process to obtain a personal thermal management fabric with a temperature visualization function. The fabric of the present invention achieves a dynamic thermal management effect, that is, in a hot environment, it can achieve a cooling effect 2.5K lower than that of ordinary white fabrics. In a cold environment, by combining Joule heat and photothermal effects, it can achieve more energy savings while providing the same heating effect.

The application discloses a method for quickly constructing a bone-shaped porous carbon nanotube layer on the surface of a conductive fiber, which comprises the following steps: firstly, performing carboxylation on carbon nanotubes (CNTs); secondly, preparing a carbon nanotube solution; thirdly, removing sizing agent from the conductive fiber; fourthly, configuring an electrophoresis solution; and finally, performing electrophoretic deposition of the bone-shaped porous carbon nanotube layer; the application quickly constructs a designed bone-shaped porous carbon nanotube layer on the surface of the fiber by using an intermittent electrode plate, improves the mechanical properties of the carbon fiber and the interface properties of the composite material, and is expected to be industrialized.

The invention discloses a magnesium alloy surface rGO / Zn composite coating. The composite coating is composed of a compact and conductive reduced graphene oxide (rGO) layer and a uniform and compact zinc (Zn) layer. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the rGO / Zn composite coating on the surface of the magnesium alloy. The preparation method comprises the steps that S1, the surface of the magnesium alloy is pretreated; s2, preparing a graphene oxide (GO) coating through electrophoretic deposition; s3, performing vacuum thermal reduction on the GO coating to obtain an rGO coating; and S4, the zinc coating is further constructed on the surface of the rGO coating through electrophoretic deposition. The rGO intermediate layer not only improves the binding force and stability of the coating and a matrix, but also effectively reduces the initial corrosion rate of the magnesium alloy; and the outer zinc coating further improves the corrosion resistance and endows biocompatibility and antibacterial property. Compared with the prior art, the process is simple and convenient, the corrosion resistance of the prepared composite coating is remarkably improved, and the large-scale application prospect is achieved.

The invention relates to a magnesium alloy micro-arc oxidation-electrophoretic deposition composite film layer which comprises a magnesium alloy substrate, a micro-arc oxidation middle layer and an electrophoretic deposition layer. The magnesium alloy micro-arc oxidation-electrophoretic deposition composite film layer finally prepared by adjusting the parameters of micro-arc oxidation, electrophoretic deposition and sintering has super-hydrophobicity and excellent corrosion shielding performance, can be applied to the field of ships, and prolongs the service life of a ship body.

An enclosure for an electronic device includes an aluminum alloy substrate and an anodic oxide coating disposed on the aluminum alloy substrate, the anodic oxide coating having a nano-scale etched pattern. The enclosure includes a matte-white finish having a flop index between about 2 and about 10. The anodic oxide coating has a L* value of greater than about 90, an a* value of less than about 1, and a b* value of less than about 2. The enclosure includes a sealant disposed on the anodic oxide coating, the sealant including a sol-gel coating, a hard-coat, an anodic electrophoretic deposition coating, or a combination thereof.

The application relates to the technical field of magnets, in particular to a cerium-doped high-coercivity neodymium-iron-boron magnet and a preparation process thereof. In view of the problem that the existing cerium-doped magnet has insufficient coercivity and reduced remanence due to uneven distribution of cerium, the process comprises the following steps: fluorination treatment on the surface of a main phase powder, cold pressure forming in a magnetic field, electrophoretic deposition to build a cerium fluoride skeleton, step-by-step vacuum impregnation of cerium salt and a fluorine source, and degreasing, sintering and grain boundary heat treatment. The method controls the uniform enrichment of cerium at the grain boundary, forms a continuous and dense grain boundary phase, effectively improves the intrinsic coercivity, remanence and high-temperature stability, simultaneously improves the corrosion resistance and reduces the dependence on heavy rare earths.

This application relates to the field of plastic modification technology, and more particularly to a graphene-coated plastic needle-like substrate and its preparation method. The method includes: S1, performing surface pretreatment and conductivity treatment on the plastic needle-like substrate to obtain a conductive substrate; S2, using the conductive substrate as a working electrode, performing electrophoretic deposition in a graphene oxide electrophoresis solution to obtain a graphene oxide-coated intermediate; S3, performing a reduction treatment on the intermediate to obtain the graphene-coated plastic needle-like substrate. The solution provided by this application can achieve uniform, firm, and controllable-thickness graphene coating on the surface of thermoplastic substrates while avoiding thermal damage. Furthermore, the conductivity of the final product can be precisely and bidirectionally controlled within a wide range through process parameters. It also has the advantages of strong process versatility, environmental friendliness, and low cost.

The invention belongs to the technical field of functional polymer materials, and discloses a colloidal crystal coating with structural color and a preparation method and application thereof, the preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) mixing water, acrylic acid, an initiator, styrene and a first cross-linking agent, and polymerizing to obtain a colloidal particle emulsion; 2) continuously adding an initiator, butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, acrylic acid and a second cross-linking agent into the colloid particle emulsion, and then carrying out secondary polymerization to obtain a core-shell colloid particle emulsion; 3) concentrating the core-shell colloid particle emulsion, and adding carbon black to obtain an electrophoretic deposition solution; and (4) platinum serves as a cathode, metal with the electrode potential lower than that of platinum serves as an anode, electrophoretic deposition is conducted, and the colloidal crystal coating with the structural color is generated on the surface of the anode. The electrophoretic deposition liquid composed of the core-shell colloidal particle emulsion and the carbon black is used, the colloidal crystal coating with the structural color is deposited on the metal surface through electrophoretic deposition, and the preparation process is simple, controllable and environmentally friendly.

This invention relates to a high thermal conductivity carbon fiber film suitable for spacecraft structures and its preparation method. First, the sizing agent on the surface of pitch-based carbon fibers is removed by heating. The treated carbon fiber bundles are then immersed in an electrolyte containing dispersed GNPs and thermally conductive fillers. Using the carbon fiber bundles as the anode and a copper rod as the cathode, GNPs and thermally conductive fillers are electrophoretically deposited on the carbon fiber surface. Subsequently, the surface-electrophoretically deposited carbon fibers are washed, dried, and radially cut into short carbon fibers. The short carbon fibers are then added to deionized water, along with anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) and polyurethane (PU) composite dispersant, and a surfactant. After ultrasonic dispersion, the mixture is filtered, rinsed, and dried. Finally, the resulting film is hot-pressed to obtain the film material. This invention solves the problem of low out-of-plane thermal conductivity in carbon fiber film materials, producing carbon fiber composite materials with high out-of-plane and in-plane thermal conductivity.