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454 results about "Polymer supported" patented technology
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A polymer-supported Pd complex catalyst is a solid-phase catalyst, which consists of the amphiphilic copolymer ligands, chloride and palladium. It takes up substrates and reagents of both a hydrophilic and hydrophobic nature in the vicinity of the palladium surface to smoothly promote the reaction.
Electrochemical device using multicomponent composite membrane film
InactiveUS7014948B2Easy to manufactureImprove adhesionMembranesSemi-permeable membranesPolymer scienceElectrochemistry
The present invention provides a electrochemical element, wherein a multi-component composite film comprising a) polymer support layer film and b) a porous gellable polymer layer which is formed on either or both sides of the support layer film of a), wherein the support layer film of a) and the gellable polymer layer of b) are unified with each other without an interface between them.
Owner:TORAY BATTERY SEPARATOR FILM +1
Polymer supported electrodes
InactiveUS20110183203A1Prevent thermal runawayInhibit growthMaterial nanotechnologyNon-aqueous electrolyte accumulator electrodesSpray coatingPolymer supported
Methods and devices arising from the practice thereof for making and using battery electrodes formed onto ion permeable, electrically non-conductive substrates, preferably battery separators are disclosed herein. Electrodes are formed onto substrates using a variety of methods including, but not limited to, spray coating and electrophoretic deposition. Electrically conductive layers may be applied to the electrode coating layer side opposite or adjacent to the substrate to act as current collectors for the battery. Multilayer devices having alternating layers of conductive layers, electrode layers and substrates, wherein the conductive layers may be in electrical communication with other conductive layers to form a battery.
Owner:MOLECULAR NANOSYST
Polymer support for DNA immobilization
InactiveUS6528264B1Durable and stable attachmentRemarkable effectBioreactor/fermenter combinationsMaterial nanotechnologyEthylenediamineHigh density
This invention relates to substrates for use in immobilizing biomolecules. More particularly, the invention relates to substrates (e.g. glass slides) having a coating of polylysine covalently attached to a silane layer coating the slide, wherein the polylysine compound has a functional NH2 group which can be coupled directly, indirectly, covalently, or non-covalently to a biomolecule (e.g., a DNA or RNA molecule). Even more particularly, the invention relates to specific prescribed addition of ethanalomine to the polylysine thereby forming a mixture which dramatically enhances the effectiveness of the polylysine for immobilizing DNA. Among other applications, the polylysine coated substrates can be used in the preparation of high density arrays for performing hybridization assays
Owner:CORNING INC
Multi-component composite film method for preparing the same
InactiveUS7470488B2Improve wettabilityImprove conductivitySolid electrolyte cellsSolid electrolyte fuel cellsPolymer electrolytesPolymer science
The present invention provides a multi-component composite film comprising a) polymer support layer; and b) porous gellable polymer layer which is formed on one side or both sides of the support layer of a), wherein the support film of a) and the gellable polymer layer of b) are unified without the interface, a method for preparing the same, and a polymer electrolyte system applied the same.
Owner:LG ENERGY SOLUTION LTD +1
Electronic assembly having semiconductor component with polymer support member and method of fabrication
A semiconductor component includes a substrate, bonding pads on the substrate, and external contacts bonded to the bonding pads. Exemplary external contacts include solder balls, solder bumps, solder columns, TAB bumps and stud bumps. Preferably the external contacts are arranged in a dense array, such as a ball grid array (BGA), or fine ball grid array (FBGA). The component also includes a polymer support member configured to strengthen the external contacts, absorb forces applied to the external contacts, and prevent separation of the external contacts from the bonding pads. In a first embodiment, the polymer support member comprises a cured polymer layer on the substrate, which encompasses the base portions of the external contacts. In a second embodiment, the polymer support member comprises support rings which encompass the base portions of the external contacts. In either embodiment the polymer support member transfers forces applied to the external contacts away from the interface with the bonding pads, and into the center of the contacts.
Owner:MICRON TECH INC
Gel-type polymer electrolyte used for lithium-sulfur secondary battery system and preparation method
InactiveCN102130364AHigh conductivity at room temperatureImprove securityFinal product manufactureElectrolyte accumulators manufacturePolymer electrolytesPolymer science
The invention relates to a gel-type polymer electrolyte used for a lithium-sulfur secondary battery system, consisting of a polymer support body, an ionic liquid, an organic solvent, a mixed lithium salt and dioxide silicon particles. A preparation method comprises the following steps of: preparing an imidazolium-based ionic liquid, dioxide silicon and composite lithium salt into a gel liquid in a carbonic ester solution dissolved with macromolecular polymers, then coating, drying and obtaining the gel-type polymer electrolyte film. In the gel-type polymer electrolyte prepared by the invention, sulfides in the lithium-sulfur battery system can be effectively prevented from dissolving in a liquid electrolyte solution, the ionic conductivity is high, and noninflammability and no leakage are achieved; and for the polymer electrolyte, the preparation process is simple, and the raw material source is wide, so that the gel-type polymer electrolyte is suitable for industrial production.
Owner:CENT SOUTH UNIV
Transdermal Therapeutic System
Owner:BEIER CORNELIA +1
Polymer sheet for solar cell back sheet, method for producing the same, and solar cell module
InactiveUS20110284075A1Prevent intrinsic viscosityIncrease supplyLayered productsPretreated surfacesSolar cellFluorine containing
There is provided a polymer sheet for a solar cell back sheet, which includes a polymer support, an undercoat layer which contains a binder and is provided on at least one surface of the polymer support to a thickness of 0.05 to 10 μm, and a fluorine-containing polymer layer which contains a binder including at least a fluorine-based polymer and is provided in contact with the undercoat layer of the at least one surface of the polymer support, to a thickness of 0.8 to 12 μm.
Owner:FUJIFILM CORP
Current collector for polymer electrochemical cells and eclectrochemical generators thereof
InactiveUS20050221190A1Carpet cleanersFinal product manufactureElectrical batteryElectrochemical cell
A current collector for an electrochemical cell. The current collector comprises a polymer support film having a surface. The current collector also comprises a conductive metallic layer on at least a portion of the surface of the polymer support film, the conductive metallic layer having a first thickness. The current collector further comprises a protective metallic layer on the conductive metallic layer. The protective metallic layer has a second thickness less than the first thickness and is adapted to protect the conductive metallic layer against corrosion. Also provided are a method of manufacturing such a current collector and an electrochemical generator comprising such a current collector.
Owner:BATHIUM CANADA
Preparation method of high-throughput anti-pollution composite nanofiltration membrane
ActiveCN104667759AImprove performanceImprove throughputSemi-permeable membranesGlycerolSurface-active agents
The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-throughput anti-pollution composite nanofiltration membrane. The preparation method comprises the following steps: inorganic nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed in a porous polymer supporting layer, a surface active agent is added in solution A, a polyamide layer is prepared on the porous polymer supporting layer through interfacial polymerization, hot water soaking treatment and glycerol moisturization treatment are adopted, and then drying is performed, and thus, the high-throughput anti-pollution composite nanofiltration membrane is prepared. According to the method, the porous supporting layer microstructure is changed by inorganic nano particles, the surface active agent is added in the solution A, and the flux and the antifouling property of the composite nanofiltration membrane are improved. The preparation method is easy, the raw material is cheap, the preparation process is simple and the method has good industrial applicability.
Owner:VONTRON TECH CO LTD
Acrylic photovoltaic module backsheet
ActiveUS20110315189A1Easy to mergeEasy to stickPV power plantsSynthetic resin layered productsPolymer sciencePolyethylene terephthalate glycol
The invention relates to an acrylic layer (in the form of a coating, film or sheet) useful as part of a photovoltaic module backsheet. The acrylic layer contains at least 40 percent of one or more acrylic polymers, including an acrylic polymer matrix and optionally acrylic impact modifiers. The acrylic polymer is preferably a polymer, copolymer, or terpolymer containing at least 50 weight percent of methylmethacrylate monomer units. The acrylic layer is flexible and optionally contains high levels of white pigment. It may also contain fluoropolymers such as polyvinylidene fluoride to improve weathering, processibility and film formation. The acrylic layer adheres to a polymer support layer such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET). A preferred substrate is PET that is pre-treated to improve adhesion, but unprimed PET can also be used. The backsheet provides excellent weatherability, environmental stability and reflectivity as part of a photovoltaic module.
Owner:TRINSEO EURO GMBH
Cell-nanofiber composite and cell-nanofiber-hydrogel composite amalgam based engineered intervertebral disc
InactiveUS20100179659A1Promote differentiationPromote growthPharmaceutical delivery mechanismCell culture supports/coatingIntervertebral discNanofiber
The instant invention is directed to a tissue engineered intervertebral disc comprising at least one inner layer and an exterior layer, wherein: the exterior layer comprises a nanofibrous polymer support comprising one or more polymer nanofibers; the at least one inner layer comprises a hydrogel composition comprising at least one or more hydrogel materials and / or one or more polymer nanofibers; and a plurality of cells which are dispersed throughout the tissue engineered intervertebral disc. Additionally, the instant invention is directed to methods of making such intervertebral discs and methods of treating intervertebral disc damage.
Owner:HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES GOVERNMENT OF THE US SEC DEPT OF
Preparation method of metal or metal oxide particle-containing CeO2 fiber catalyst
InactiveCN104707604AEasy to prepareLow costMetal/metal-oxides/metal-hydroxide catalystsFiberNano catalyst
The invention discloses a preparation method of a metal or metal oxide particle-containing CeO2 fiber catalyst, and belongs to the field of preparation of nanocatalysts. The novel fiber-based supported catalyst is obtained by adopting a cocatalyst CeO2 fiber as a supporter to support a main catalyst metal or metal oxide nanoparticle. The method comprises the following steps: 1, respectively dissolving a CeO2 precusor, a polymer and a metal or metal salt in a solvent, magnetically stirring, and mixing and stirring to obtain a spinning precursor solution; 2, carrying out an electrostatic spinning technology to make metal or metal CeO2 / polymer supported composite precursor fibers; and 3, carrying out high temperature calcining and hydrogen reduction to obtain the metal or metal oxide nanoparticle / CeO2 fiber supported catalyst. The method is simple and easy, and the metal or metal oxide particle has good dispersibility and large specific surface area; and the catalyst high the characteristics of high catalysis activity and easy recovery, and has wide application prospect in the future catalysis industry.
Owner:BEIJING UNIV OF CHEM TECH
Preparation method of graphene-carbon nano-tube composite nanofiltration membrane with high flux
The invention discloses a graphene-carbon nano-tube composite nanofiltration membrane with high flux and a preparation method of the graphene-carbon nano-tube composite nanofiltration membrane. The composite nanofiltration membrane is prepared by uniformly depositing a full-carbon selective separation layer on a porous polymer supporting layer by using the method disclosed by the invention, wherein the full-carbon selective separation layer is formed by compounding and assembling graphene and a carbon nano-tube. By using the method disclosed by the invention, the carbon nano-tube can be effectively intercalated among graphene sheet layers which are compactly stacked. The nanofiltration membrane prepared by using the preparation method disclosed by the invention is high in water flux, good in pollution resistance, high in retention rate (approach to 100%) of organic dyes, relatively high in salt removing rate of the organic dyes and capable of keeping relatively high flux under the conditions of high operation pressure and high salinity. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple and easy, strong in controllability, relatively low in production cost and free of pollution so as to have favorable application prospects in the nanofiltration field.
Owner:ZHEJIANG TANGUSHANGXI MATERIAL SCI & TECH
Method for cell selection utilizing azlactone-functional supports
InactiveUS6379952B1High purityHigh yieldMicroorganism separationArtificial cell constructsAntigenCell selection
Azlactone-functional supports are used to provide cell selection from a mixture such as bone marrow or peripheral blood having a desired target cell population. An azlactone-functional support is derivatized by covalently coupling to the support a biologically active substance that binds the target cells. A mixture containing the target cells is contacted with the derivatized support to bind the target cells to the biologically active substance, and unbound remaining mixture is removed from the support. Bound cells may be eluted from the support to obtain purified target cells. Biologically active substances include antibodies, lectins, proteins, antigens and avidin. The biologically active substance may directly or indirectly bind cells in the mixture. Indirect binding may be through a second, intermediary biologically active substance that is bifunctional. The azlactone-functional support is provided by incorporating an azlactone moiety into a base polymer support that has been selected by prescreening base polymer supports with a cell mixture to identify a base polymer support having minimal nonspecific binding of cells in the mixture.
Owner:3M INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES CO
Pull-tab sealing member
Owner:TAB IT
Forward osmosis membrane having high flux for removing salt from sea water and manufacturing method threrof
ActiveCN102665882APollution minimizationEasy inflowSemi-permeable membranesMembranesPolymer sciencePolyamide
Owner:TORAY ADVANCED MATERIALS KOREA
Electrochemical battery using multicomponent composite membrane
InactiveCN1457517AEasy to manufactureReasonable structureMembranesSemi-permeable membranesElectrochemistryPolymer supported
The present invention provides a electrochemical element, wherein a multi-component composite film comprising a) polymer support layer film and b) a porous gellable polymer layer which is formed on either or both sides of the support layer film of a), wherein the support layer film of a) and the gellable polymer layer of b) are unified with each other without an interface between them.
Owner:LG CHEM LTD +1
Preparation method of activated carbon fiber net of air purifier
ActiveCN103736467AEvenly distributedReduce usageOther chemical processesSynthetic resin layered productsMolten stateFiltration
The invention relates to the technical field of auxiliary parts of an air purifier, and particularly relates to an activated carbon fiber net of an air purifier and a preparation method of the activated carbon fiber net. The activated carbon fiber net comprises a filter core and a filter frame, wherein the filter core is in a barrel shape or a plate shape; the filter core is adhered to the filter frame; the filter core comprises an upper nonwoven fabric layer, at least two layers of activated carbon filter layers and a lower nonwoven fabric layer; the upper nonwoven fabric layer, at least one layer of activated carbon filter layer and the lower nonwoven fabric layer are orderly laminated; the activated carbon fiber layer comprises a polymer support net and a mixing layer composed of an adhesive fiber in a molten state and activated carbon; the polymer support net is adhered to the mixing layer; the dosage of the adhesive is low; a microcellular structure at the surface of the activated carbon is hardly affected; the adsorptive property is not affected; the activated carbon is evenly distributed in the overall filter net, is fully contacted with air during use; the filter resistance is uniform; a drift phenomenon does not exist; the adsorption and filtration efficiency is high.
Owner:ZHEJIANG ZHAOHUI FILTRATION TECH
Polymer supported quaternary ammonium salt ion catalyst as well as preparation method and application thereof
InactiveCN102698799ALow costEasy to prepareOrganic chemistryOrganic-compounds/hydrides/coordination-complexes catalystsCarbamatePolystyrene
The invention relates to a polymer supported quaternary ammonium salt ion catalyst as well as a preparation method and an application thereof. The preparation method is characterized in that chloromethylated polystyrene is taken as a carrier and reacts with N, N-dimethylethylamine to obtain polymer supported quaternary ammonium salt ion liquid catalyst; and under the condition that the catalyst dosage is 0.04-0.4 g, the initial pressure of carbon dioxide is 0.5-5.0 MPa, the reaction temperature is 110-180 DEG C, and the reaction time is 1-10 h, cyclic carbamate is prepared with high selectivity through cycloaddition reaction of carbon dioxide and epoxide. The catalyst has higher catalytic activity to the cycloaddition reaction of carbon dioxide and epoxide without adding any organic solvent or catalyst promoter, and the reaction condition is mild, and the obtained cyclic carbamate has a high yield and selectivity. The solid catalyst has the advantages of low price of raw material, simplie preparation method, good hydrothermal stability, convenience in recovery, and reusability.
Owner:HUNAN UNIV
Embossed reflective laminates
InactiveUS7157133B2Easy to observeMinimize surface deformityLamination ancillary operationsSynthetic resin layered productsMetal coatingAdhesive
This invention provides an embossed decorative composite laminate interlayer for use in reducing UV and IR energy transmittance through a glass laminate. One interlayer of the present invention comprises an embossed decorative composite disposed between a first and second adhesive layer, such as PVB. The embossed decorative composite of the present invention comprises a first polymeric support film, such as PET, having a metal coating disposed thereon, thereby forming a metallized film. The metallized film is then bonded through the use of an adhesive to a second polymer support film, forming a decorative composite structure. The decorative composite is then purposefully embossed such that they have protrusions at different angles to the flat plane of the bonded polymeric support films, so as to form the desired embossed decorative composite.
Owner:SOLUTIA INC
Polymer supported metallocene catalyst composition for polymerizing olefins
InactiveUS20080146755A1Organic-compounds/hydrides/coordination-complexes catalystsCatalyst activation/preparationPolyolefinHafnium
A catalyst composition for polymerizing olefins to polymers having bimodal molecular weight distribution comprises two transition metal-containing metallocene compounds, a magnesium compound, an alcohol, an aluminum containing co-catalyst and a polymeric support. The transition metal in one of the metallocene compounds is zirconium and the transition metal in the second metallocene compound is selected from the group consisting of titanium, vanadium and hafnium. Polyolefin polymers made using the catalyst composition have broad molecular weight distributions and are useful in film and blow molding applications.
Owner:SAUDI BASIC IND CORP SA
Tissue Engineered Cartilage, Method of Making Same, Therapeutic and Cosmetic Surgical Applications Using Same
InactiveUS20100061962A1Uniform diameterDiameter is limitedBiocideCosmeticsReconstructive surgeryBioreactor
Cartilage has been constructed using biodegradable electrospun polymeric scaffolds seeded with chondrocytes or adult mesenchymal stem cells. More particularly engineered cartilage has been prepared where the cartilage has a biodegradable and biocompatible nanofibrous polymer support prepared by electrospinning and a plurality of chondocytes or mesenchymal stem cells dispersed in the pores of the support. The tissue engineered cartilages of the invention possess compressive strength properties similar to natural cartilage. Methods of preparing engineered tissues, including tissue engineered cartilages, are provided in which an electrospun nanofibrous polymer support is provided, the support is treated with a cell solution and the polymer-cell mixture cultured in a rotating bioreactor to generate the cartilage. The invention provides for the use of the tissue engineered cartilages in the treatment of cartilage degenerative diseases, reconstructive surgery, and cosmetic surgery.
Owner:US DEPT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES
Polyamide film composite membrane and preparation method and application thereof
InactiveCN106914152AIncrease water fluxLow reverse salt fluxSemi-permeable membranesWater/sewage treatment bu osmosis/dialysisPolyamideActive layer
The invention discloses a polyamide film composite membrane and a preparation method and application thereof. The composite membrane comprises a polymer support layer and a polyamide active layer. The polyamide active layer is obtained by a reaction of a multielement acyl chloride solution and a polyamine aqueous solution containing a tertiary amine additive. In the preparation process, the polyamine aqueous solution containing the tertiary amine additive and the multielement acyl chloride solution undergo an interfacial polymerization reaction to produce the modified polyamide active layer so that the film-forming process is greatly simplified. The composite membrane has a high crosslinking degree and high compactness, and has a high water flux in membrane separation, a low reverse salt flux and good anti-fouling properties.
Owner:HUAZHONG UNIV OF SCI & TECH
Crosslinking polymer-supported porous film for battery separator and method for producing battery using the same
InactiveUS20040157118A1Improve heat resistanceSolid electrolytesFinal product manufactureHigh rateInternal resistance
A porous film having a crosslinking polymer supported thereon, which can preferably be used for producing a gel electrolyte battery having sufficient adhesion between the electrodes and the separator, low internal resistance and high rate performance, and which can function as a separator in a battery, and a method for producing a gel electrolyte battery using such a crosslinking polymer-supported porous film. The crosslinking polymer-supported porous film for battery separator comprises a porous film substrate having supported thereon a crosslinking polymer having plural cation-polymerizable functional groups in the molecule. The method for producing a battery, includes the steps of: laminating electrodes on the crosslinking polymer-supported porous film to prepare a laminate of crosslinking polymer-supported porous film / electrodes; placing the laminate in a battery container; and pouring an electrolyte solution containing a cation polymerization catalyst in the battery container to induce cation polymerization and crosslinking of the crosslinking polymer, thereby at least partially gelling the electrolyte solution to adhere the porous film and the electrodes.
Owner:NITTO DENKO CORP
Photolithographic patterning of polymeric materials
The invention comprises methods for the photolithographic patterning of features in a photo-curable polymer composition coated onto a plastic substrate. In one embodiment of this invention, the plastic substrate is coated with a reflective film such as a metallic barrier. In another embodiment, the plastic substrate is coated or co-extruded with a polymer barrier layer containing an additive that absorbs the photo-curing radiation. In yet another embodiment the plastic substrate contains an intrinsic additive that absorbs the photo-curing radiation. Combinations of these embodiments are also within the scope of this invention. The methods of the present invention may be advantageously applied to the fabrication of optical waveguides comprising a photo-curable polymer supported on a plastic substrate, but are applicable to the fabrication of any device or object comprising a photo-curable polymer supported on a plastic substrate.
Owner:ZETTA RES & DEV LLC RPO SERIES
Procedure for obtaining the somatostatin analog, octreotide
InactiveUS6346601B1Resistant to metabolic degradationSomatostatinsPeptide preparation methodsSomatostatin analogScavenger
A procedure for obtaining the somatostatin analog, octreotide by means of solid phase synthesis on polymer supports and by intervention of protector groups of the Fmoc / tBu type. It includes construction of the seven amino acid, Boc-D-Phe-Cys(Trt)-Phe-D-Trp-Lys(Boc)Thr(tBu)-Cys(Trt)-Cl-trityl-R linear peptide, in which R is a polymer; treatment of the resulting peptidyl-resin with acid, for detachment of the peptide from the resin; cycling the linear structure obtained by reaction with iodine before or after incorporation of the threoninol residue into the terminal carboxy end; incorporating the threoninol residue in solution upon the seven amino acid protected peptide with or without the disulfide bridge formed; and removing the protections at the N-terminus and at the side chains with a treatment with 70-95% TFA in presence of scavengers to obtain octreotide.
Owner:BCN PEPTIDES SA
Simply assembled and recyclable polymer-supported olefin metathesis catalysts
InactiveUS6921736B1Ruthenium organic compoundsOrganic-compounds/hydrides/coordination-complexes catalystsAlkeneHomogeneous catalysis
Owner:UNIV OF NEW ORLEANS RES TECH FOUND
High-stability water-soluble CsPbX3 perovskite nano-crystalline preparation method
InactiveCN107381625AEasy to operate and adjustableMaterial nanotechnologyLuminescent compositionsPolymer scienceSolvent
The invention discloses a high-stability water-soluble CsPbX3 perovskite nano-crystalline preparation method, and belongs to the technical field of semiconductor nano-material preparation. Water-soluble polymer particles are dispersed in hexane solvents by a solvent exchange method and then centrifuged to obtain polymer micro-sphere precipitates, CsPbX3 perovskite nano-crystalline dispersed in methylbenzene and hexane mixed solvents is mixed with the polymer micro-sphere precipitates for 24 hours, and perovskite nano-crystalline supported polymer particles are obtained by centrifugation. The polymer-supported perovskite nano-crystalline prepared by the preparation method can be dispersed in water solution, has high stability under different pH (potential of hydrogen) conditions, and the water-soluble nano-particles with fluorescence in a visible region and high fluorescence quantum efficiency are obtained by preparing different perovskite particles and have huge application values in the fields of bio-imaging, display and the like.
Owner:JILIN UNIV
Porous calcium phosphate/natural polymer composite scaffold, preparation method and application thereof
InactiveCN108478879ASimple manufacturing processPrecise control of shape structurePharmaceutical delivery mechanismTissue regenerationMicrospherePhosphoric acid
The invention discloses a porous calcium phosphate / natural polymer composite scaffold, a preparation method and application thereof. The method comprises the following steps: firstly utilizing 3D printing to manufacture a polymer support in which holes are completely connected as a sacrifice model, putting the sacrifice model into a mold, then uniformly mixing natural polymer microspheres with calcium phosphate bone cement to prepare a slurry, pouring the slurry into the model so that the holes of the model are filled with the slurry, then using a solvent to remove the polymer model so as to obtain the connected porous calcium phosphate / natural polymer composite scaffold. Combined with the characteristics of bone cement such as low-temperature self-setting and good mechanical property andthe characteristics of natural polymer such as high biological activity and easy degradation, the three-dimensional connected macroporous structure composite scaffold is prepared. After the scaffold is planted into the body, the natural polymer microspheres are rapidly degraded so as to form a hierarchical pore structure in situ. High-temperature processing is not needed in the preparation process, the biological activity and mechanical property are good, the structure and degradation rate are controllable, the ingrowth of bone tissues and blood vessels is facilitated, and the bone repair effect is improved.
Owner:SOUTH CHINA UNIV OF TECH
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