Method for preparing high-performance closed-cell perlite material by chemical method

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing a high-performance closed-cell perlite material by a chemical method, the prepared high-performance closed-cell perlite material is mainly used in the field of buildings, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, expanding; s2, film covering; s3, dispersing; s4, grading; according to the invention, a layer of silica sol film is formed on the surface of the closed-cell perlite, the film layer not only significantly reduces the volume shrinkage of the closed-cell perlite in the subsequent slurry stirring process, but also effectively hinders the expansion of cracks in the perlite and greatly reduces the cracking risk, and meanwhile, the heat conductivity coefficient of the material is also reduced by film coating treatment, so that the thermal conductivity of the material is improved. The thermal insulation performance is obviously improved; according to the drying furnace, through cooperative use of the drying mechanism and the adjusting mechanism, the air outlet pipe can be driven to swing up and down in a reciprocating mode, so that the air blowing angle of the air outlet pipe is adjusted according to use requirements, hot air can be blown to different areas in the furnace body, the air blowing range is widened, and the perlite drying effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of perlite, and in particular to a method for preparing a high-performance closed-cell perlite material by a chemical method. Background Art

[0002] Perlite is a kind of acidic lava from volcanic eruptions. It is a glassy rock formed by rapid cooling. It is one of the precious non-metallic minerals with outstanding high-temperature expansion properties. It is named after its pearly crack structure.

[0003] The existing patent document with the announcement number CN109053010B discloses a production process of hydrophobic perlite, which is to crush the raw materials, preheat and dry them, and then put them into a high-temperature expansion furnace for high-temperature expansion, and then dry the expanded perlite at medium temperature, thereby avoiding the problem that the moisture content of the hydrophobic perlite produced in the prior art does not meet the standard, and can also improve the overall quality of the perlite; at the same time, in order to meet the needs of the entire quality control process, the present invention designs a drying furnace suitable for this process, and the structure of the drying furnace is more suitable for the quality control of the process of the present invention, so that the quality of the produced perlite is further improved; the drying furnace is reasonably designed and practical, and the perlite of different sizes is separated by a vibrating guide plate, and the perlite is dried by hot air during the separation. Compared with an ordinary drying furnace, the drying furnace separates the perlite more dispersedly, the surface of the perlite is heated more evenly, and the efficiency is higher.

[0004] Although the above-mentioned production process of hydrophobic perlite can solve the corresponding technical problems, during the use of the drying furnace, the perlite passes through three guide plates and falls into the feed port of the vertical screw elevator. After being transported by the vertical screw elevator, the perlite is again passed from the feed port of the furnace body into the drying chamber to circulate and dry the perlite. However, since no discharge port is provided, it is difficult to discharge the dried perlite from the furnace body later; and the position of the air outlet is fixed, the airflow is not completely blown to the position in the cylinder, and blind spots are easily present, thereby reducing the drying effect. Therefore, a method for preparing high-performance closed-cell perlite material by chemical method is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical task of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing high-performance closed-cell perlite material by a chemical method in view of the above shortcomings, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for preparing high-performance closed-cell perlite material by chemical method comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1. Expansion: Perlite ore with a particle size of 5-1500 μm is used for expansion treatment, and the expanded perlite forms preliminary open-pore perlite;

[0009] S2, coating: the perlite obtained in step S1 is put into a mixer, and the speed of the mixer is set to 30rpm to 120rpm to ensure that the perlite can be evenly dispersed during the stirring process. Under stirring, a mixture of 3% to 10% neutral silica sol, a foaming agent, and a curing agent is evenly sprayed on the surface of the perlite. Subsequently, the coated perlite is sent to a drying furnace and dried at a set temperature of 100-150°C for 1-3 hours to solidify the silica sol to form a continuous and dense closed-cell film layer, thereby obtaining a high-performance closed-cell perlite material;

[0010] S3, dispersion: the high-performance closed-cell perlite material prepared in step S2 is fed into a disperser, the speed of the disperser is set to 500 rpm to 2000 rpm, and the agglomerated pseudo particles formed during drying or treatment are effectively eliminated through strong stirring and friction, and the perlite particles are further broken up into the desired sand state, and the particle size is controlled within the range of 0.1 to 1.5 mm to obtain vitrified microbeads;

[0011] S4, classification: The vitrified microbeads obtained in step S3 are transported to a screening machine by a conveyor belt, and pearl ore sand meeting the required particle size is separated through sieves of different specifications according to application requirements. The pearl ore sand is used in the construction field.

[0012] The above-mentioned method for preparing high-performance closed-cell perlite material by a chemical method, wherein: the specific method of step S1 is as follows:

[0013] S11. Preheating treatment: placing the pearlite ore in a preheating furnace, and controlling the preheating temperature at 300°C to 600°C to remove moisture and volatiles in the ore, and at the same time increase the temperature of the ore to prepare for subsequent rapid expansion;

[0014] S12, high temperature expansion: the preheated perlite ore is quickly fed into the expansion furnace, the temperature in the expansion furnace is controlled between 800°C and 1200°C, and the heating rate is maintained in the range of 5°C / min to 30°C / min, so as to ensure that the perlite can expand evenly and quickly;

[0015] S13, expansion time control: the expansion time is set to 20 seconds to 5 minutes. During the expansion process, the perlite sand will expand rapidly and form preliminary open-pore perlite;

[0016] S14, cooling and collection: the expanded initially open-pored perlite is passed through a cooling tank for rapid cooling, and the cooled perlite is collected to obtain open-pored perlite with a compressive strength of not less than 0.5 MPa, which is used as a raw material for subsequent coating treatment.

[0017] The present invention also provides a device for preparing high-performance closed-cell perlite material by chemical method, which is used to realize the method for preparing high-performance closed-cell perlite material by chemical method described above, and comprises the drying furnace described above, wherein the drying furnace comprises a furnace body, and the furnace body is provided with a drying mechanism for providing hot air to the inner cavity of the furnace body, an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the blowing angle, and a feeding mechanism for conveying perlite, wherein the adjusting mechanism is located at the rear side of the furnace body, the feeding mechanism is located at one side of the furnace body, a feeding mechanism for guiding material is provided between the furnace body and the feeding mechanism, and the inner cavity of the furnace body is provided with two groups of vibration mechanisms for turbulence on the left and right sides, and each group of the vibration mechanisms is provided with two on the upper and lower sides, and a supporting mechanism for supporting is provided at the bottom of the furnace body;

[0018] The top of the furnace body is connected to a feed hopper, the bottom of the furnace body is in an inverted pyramid structure and is connected to a discharge pipe, and a first valve is installed on the discharge pipe.

[0019] Preferably, the drying mechanism comprises a hot air blower located below the discharge pipe, and an air guide component is provided between the air outlet end of the hot air blower and the furnace body;

[0020] In which, the air guide component includes a first conduit connected to the air outlet end of the hot air blower, a second valve is installed on the first conduit, two ends of the first conduit away from the hot air blower are respectively connected to a second conduit, and the two second conduits are respectively located on both sides of the furnace body, the inner cavity of the furnace body is provided with two groups of symmetrically arranged three-way pipes, each group of the three-way pipes is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with each second conduit, and each group of the three-way pipes is provided with three up and down, one end of the three-way pipe is fixedly connected to the inner wall surface of the furnace body, the other end of the three-way pipe is sealed and penetrates through the outside of the furnace body and is connected to the corresponding second conduit, another end of the three-way pipe is rotatably connected to the third conduit, one end of the third conduit away from the three-way pipe is rotatably connected to the inner wall surface of the furnace body through a rotating shaft, a plurality of equally distributed air outlet pipes are connected to the third conduit and in sequence along its length direction, a ventilation hole is opened on the front side surface of the furnace body, a dustproof net is installed in the ventilation hole, and the vibration mechanism and the third conduit are arranged at intervals.

[0021] Preferably, the regulating mechanism comprises a double-headed cylinder installed on the rear side of the furnace body, both output ends of the double-headed cylinder are fixedly connected to a connecting plate, and a linkage is provided between the connecting plate and one of the air outlet pipes on the third conduit;

[0022] Among them, the linkage part includes a connecting rod fixedly connected to the side of the connecting plate facing the furnace body, one side of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to three push-pull rods equidistantly arranged up and down, each of the push-pull rods is arranged one-to-one with each third conduit, and a movable rod is movably provided on the push-pull rod, one end of the movable rod passes through the inner cavity of the furnace body and is fixedly connected to the corresponding air outlet pipe.

[0023] Preferably, the push-pull rod has a V-shaped structure, and is provided with an inclined sliding hole, the end of the movable rod away from the air outlet pipe passes through the sliding hole to the corresponding side of the push-pull rod, the surface of the movable rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding hole, the surface of the furnace body is provided with an arc-shaped slot hole for the movable rod to move, and the inner wall of the arc-shaped slot hole is slidably connected to the movable rod.

[0024] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes a screw conveyor located on one side of the furnace body, the feed end of the screw conveyor is connected to a discharge pipe, a support sleeve is fixedly connected to the surface of the screw conveyor, and the support sleeve is installed on one side of the furnace body, and the discharge end of the screw conveyor is connected to the feed hopper through a material guiding mechanism.

[0025] Preferably, the material guiding mechanism comprises a hose connected to the discharge end of the screw conveyor, the other end of the hose is connected to a guide cover, the guide cover is buckled on the top of the feed hopper, and two symmetrically arranged locking assemblies are provided between the guide cover and the hose;

[0026] Among them, the locking assembly includes a handle fixedly connected to the guide cover, a Z-shaped column is provided on the front and rear sides of the handle, the Z-shaped column is fixedly connected to the guide cover, a connecting buckle is provided between the handle and the Z-shaped column, and the connecting buckle is provided on the feed hopper.

[0027] Preferably, the connecting buckle includes a pillar fixedly connected to the feed hopper, one end of the pillar surface is rotatably connected to a hook, the hook is hooked to the end of the Z-shaped column, and one end of the hook is buckled to the handle.

[0028] Preferably, the vibration mechanism comprises a sieve plate which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace body in an inclined manner and located between the upper and lower third conduits, and a vibration motor is installed at the bottom of the sieve plate.

[0029] Preferably, the supporting mechanism comprises a leg fixedly connected to four corners of the bottom of the furnace body respectively, the bottom ends of the four legs are commonly fixedly connected to a base, and the hot air blower is installed on the top of the base.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0031] 1. The present invention successfully forms a layer of silica sol film on the surface of closed-cell perlite through an innovative coating treatment process. The film layer not only significantly reduces the volume shrinkage of the closed-cell perlite during the subsequent slurry stirring process, but also effectively hinders the expansion of cracks inside the perlite, greatly reducing the risk of cracking. At the same time, the coating treatment also reduces the thermal conductivity of the material and significantly improves its thermal insulation performance. In addition, the high-performance closed-cell perlite material prepared by the method has more stable thermal and mechanical properties, and can meet the demand for high-performance materials in building insulation, heat insulation and other related fields;

[0032] 2. The present invention, through the coordinated use of the drying mechanism and the adjusting mechanism, can drive the air outlet pipe to swing back and forth up and down, so as to adjust the blowing angle of the air outlet pipe according to the use requirements, so that the hot air can be blown to different areas in the furnace body, thereby helping to expand the blowing range and improve the drying effect of the perlite;

[0033] 3. The present invention cooperates with the feed hopper, the feeding mechanism and the guiding mechanism to connect the feeding mechanism with the feed hopper, so that the feeding mechanism can be used to transport the perlite at the bottom of the inner cavity of the furnace body upward, and the perlite can be transported to the inner cavity of the furnace body again through the guiding mechanism to realize the circulation drying operation; the guiding mechanism is connected to the storage bin externally, so that the feeding mechanism can be used to transport the perlite at the bottom of the inner cavity of the furnace body upward, and the perlite can be transported to the inner cavity of the external storage bin through the guiding mechanism to realize the discharge and collection operation, which is convenient for adjusting the use state of the guiding mechanism according to the use requirements, and there is no need to set up a separate discharge structure, thereby reducing the use cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 The structure of the second embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0037] Figure 3 The structure of the second embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0038] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5It is a structural schematic diagram of the air guide assembly and the adjustment mechanism of Example 2 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the locked state of the feed hopper and the material guiding mechanism of Example 2 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of the unlocked state of the feed hopper and the material guiding mechanism according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0043] Fig. 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of the feed hopper and material guiding mechanism in the separated state according to Example 2 of the present invention.

[0044] In the figure: 100, furnace body; 110, feed hopper; 120, discharge pipe; 130, dust screen; 140, arc slot;

[0045] 200, drying mechanism; 210, hot air blower; 220, air guide assembly; 221, first conduit; 222, second conduit; 223, three-way pipe; 224, third conduit; 225, air outlet pipe;

[0046] 300, adjusting mechanism; 310, double-headed cylinder; 320, connecting plate; 330, connecting rod; 340, push-pull rod; 341, sliding hole; 350, movable rod; 360, guide sleeve;

[0047] 400, feeding mechanism; 410, screw conveyor; 420, support sleeve;

[0048] 500, material guide mechanism; 510, hose; 520, guide cover; 530, locking assembly; 531, handle; 532, Z-shaped column; 533, connecting buckle; 5331, support column; 5332, hook; 5333, protrusion;

[0049] 600, vibration mechanism; 610, sieve plate; 620, vibration motor;

[0050] 700, supporting mechanism; 710, supporting legs; 720, base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0052] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for preparing a high-performance closed-cell perlite material by a chemical method according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0055] S1. Expansion: Perlite ore with a particle size of 5-1500 μm is used for expansion treatment, and the expanded perlite forms preliminary open-pore perlite;

[0056] The specific method of expansion treatment is as follows:

[0057] S11. Preheating treatment: placing the pearlite ore in a preheating furnace, and controlling the preheating temperature at 300°C to 600°C to remove moisture and volatiles in the ore, and at the same time increase the temperature of the ore to prepare for subsequent rapid expansion;

[0058] S12, high temperature expansion: the preheated perlite ore is quickly fed into the expansion furnace, the temperature in the expansion furnace is controlled between 800°C and 1200°C, and the heating rate is maintained in the range of 5°C / min to 30°C / min, so as to ensure that the perlite can expand evenly and quickly;

[0059] S13. Expansion time control: The expansion time is set to 20 seconds to 5 minutes. The specific time depends on factors such as the type of expansion equipment, temperature and particle size of the ore. During the expansion process, the perlite ore will expand rapidly and form preliminary open-pore perlite.

[0060] S14, cooling and collecting: the expanded initially open-pored perlite is passed through a cooling tank for rapid cooling, and the cooled perlite is collected to obtain open-pored perlite with a compressive strength of not less than 0.5 MPa, which is used as a raw material for subsequent coating treatment;

[0061] The purpose of cooling is to prevent the expanded perlite from continuing to undergo chemical changes or physical deformation due to excessively high temperature.

[0062] Through the above expansion treatment, expanded perlite with a specific strength (such as a compressive strength of not less than 0.5 MPa) can be obtained, and a preliminary open-pore structure is formed inside the perlite, providing a good base material for subsequent coating treatment.

[0063] S2, coating: the perlite with open pores obtained in step S1 is put into a mixer, and the speed of the mixer is set to 30 rpm to 120 rpm to ensure that the perlite can be evenly dispersed during the stirring process. Under stirring, a mixture of a neutral silica sol with a concentration of 3% to 10% and a curing agent and a foaming agent is evenly sprayed on the surface of the perlite. Subsequently, the coated perlite is sent to a drying furnace and dried at a set temperature of 100-150° C. for 1-3 hours to solidify the silica sol to form a continuous and dense closed-pore film layer, thereby obtaining a high-performance closed-pore perlite material;

[0064] Among them, the curing agent is selected from silicon phosphate or sodium fluorosilicate, and its addition amount is adjusted according to the concentration of silica sol and the performance of the required film layer, and is generally controlled between 5% and 20% of the mass of silica sol to ensure that the silica sol film-forming solution evenly covers every surface of the open-pore perlite;

[0065] Among them, the foaming agent is an azo compound, such as azodicarbonamide (ADC), azobisisobutyronitrile, etc. This type of foaming agent will decompose to produce nitrogen when heated, forming bubbles;

[0066] The foaming agent is preferably azodicarbonamide (ADC) foaming agent, and its addition amount is generally controlled between 10% and 20% of the mass of the silica sol. This range can be adjusted according to actual production conditions to achieve the best foaming effect.

[0067] When heated, the foaming agent decomposes to produce gas (such as nitrogen), which forms bubbles inside the perlite particles, and then forms a closed-cell structure after the silica sol solidifies. The closed-cell structure can effectively reduce the transfer of heat, thereby improving the thermal insulation performance of the material;

[0068] By introducing air bubbles, the density of perlite material is reduced, making it lighter. This is especially important for building insulation materials, because lightweight materials are not only easier to transport and construct, but also reduce the load on the building;

[0069] The bubbles produced by the foaming agent can be evenly distributed inside the perlite particles, which helps to improve the uniformity of the material. The uniform closed-cell structure makes the material show better consistency in thermal insulation performance.

[0070] Improve the sound insulation performance of materials:

[0071] The closed-cell structure can also effectively reduce the transmission of sound, thereby improving the sound insulation performance of the material. This is an important advantage for buildings or equipment that require sound insulation.

[0072] By controlling the amount and type of foaming agent added, the mechanical properties of the material, such as compressive strength and toughness, can be adjusted to a certain extent. This helps to meet the requirements of material mechanical properties in different application scenarios.

[0073] Although the addition of foaming agent will increase certain costs, by optimizing the amount and type of addition, the production cost can be reduced while ensuring the performance of the material. In addition, the lightweight and efficient thermal insulation performance also helps to reduce the amount of building materials used, thereby further reducing the overall cost.

[0074] In summary, the addition of foaming agent has significant advantages in the preparation of high-performance closed-cell perlite materials. It can not only improve the thermal insulation and lightness of the material, but also improve the uniformity and sound insulation of the material. At the same time, it can adjust the mechanical properties of the material to a certain extent and reduce the production cost.

[0075] S3, dispersion: the high-performance closed-cell perlite material obtained in step S2 (which may be in a fine-grained or slightly agglomerated state at this time) is fed into a disperser, and the speed of the disperser is set to 500 rpm to 2000 rpm. Through strong stirring and friction, the agglomerated pseudo particles formed during drying or treatment are effectively eliminated, and the perlite particles are further broken up into the desired sand state, and the particle size is controlled within the range of 0.1 to 1.5 mm to obtain vitrified microbeads;

[0076] S4, classification: The vitrified microbeads obtained in step S3 are conveyed to a screening machine by a conveyor belt. According to application requirements (such as the particle size requirements of building insulation materials), pearl ore sand with the required particle size is separated through sieves of different specifications (such as a sieve with a mesh size of 0.5 to 1.2 mm), and the pearl ore sand is used in the construction field.

[0077] Used as thermal insulation material: The porous structure of perlite gives it excellent thermal insulation properties and is widely used in thermal insulation layers of building walls, roofs, floors, HVAC ducts, etc.

[0078] Used as lightweight aggregate: Perlite can be used as aggregate to make lightweight concrete to reduce the overall weight of the building and reduce seismic loads. At the same time, it can also be used as a lightweight filling material to fill foundations, pavements, partition walls, etc. to reduce foundation loads and improve soil properties.

[0079] Used as building material: Perlite can be used to make lightweight partition boards, thermal insulation materials, etc. to improve the thermal insulation performance of buildings.

[0080] This embodiment successfully forms a layer of silica sol film on the surface of closed-cell perlite through an innovative coating treatment process. This film layer not only significantly reduces the volume shrinkage of the closed-cell perlite during the subsequent slurry mixing process, but also effectively hinders the expansion of cracks inside the perlite, greatly reducing the risk of cracking. At the same time, the coating treatment also reduces the thermal conductivity of the material and significantly improves its thermal insulation performance. In addition, the high-performance closed-cell perlite material prepared by this method has more stable thermal and mechanical properties, which can meet the demand for high-performance materials in building insulation, heat insulation and other related fields.

[0081] Example 2

[0082] like Figure 2-Figure 9 As shown, the present embodiment provides a device for preparing high-performance closed-cell perlite material by a chemical method, which is used to implement the above-mentioned method for preparing high-performance closed-cell perlite material by a chemical method, including the above-mentioned drying furnace, the drying furnace including a furnace body 100, the furnace body 100 is provided with a drying mechanism 200 for providing hot air to the inner cavity of the furnace body 100, an adjusting mechanism 300 for adjusting the blowing angle and a feeding mechanism 400 for conveying perlite, the adjusting mechanism 300 is located at the rear side of the furnace body 100, the feeding mechanism 400 is located at one side of the furnace body 100, a material guiding mechanism 500 for guiding material is provided between the furnace body 100 and the feeding mechanism 400, the inner cavity of the furnace body 100 is provided with two groups of vibration mechanisms 600 for turbulence on the left and right, each group of vibration mechanisms 600 is provided with two upper and lower ones, and a supporting mechanism 700 for supporting is provided at the bottom of the furnace body 100.

[0083] The top of the furnace body 100 is connected to a feed hopper 110 , and the bottom of the furnace body 100 is in an inverted pyramid structure and is connected to a discharge pipe 120 , on which a first valve is installed.

[0084] The drying mechanism 200 includes a hot air blower 210 located below the discharge pipe 120, and an air guide assembly 220 is provided between the air outlet end of the hot air blower 210 and the furnace body 100; the air guide assembly 220 includes a first conduit 221 connected to the air outlet end of the hot air blower 210, and a second valve is installed on the first conduit 221. The two ends of the first conduit 221 away from the hot air blower 210 are respectively connected to a second conduit 222, and the two second conduits 222 are respectively located on both sides of the furnace body 100. The inner cavity of the furnace body 100 is provided with two groups of symmetrically arranged three-way pipes 223, each group of three-way pipes 223 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with each second conduit 222, and each group of three-way pipes 223 is arranged up and down. One end of the three-way pipe 223 is connected to the furnace body 100. The inner wall surface is fixedly connected, the other end of the three-way pipe 223 is sealed and penetrates to the outside of the furnace body 100 and is connected to the corresponding second conduit 222, and the other end of the three-way pipe 223 is rotatably connected to the third conduit 224 through a sealed bearing, and the end of the third conduit 224 away from the three-way pipe 223 is rotatably connected to the inner wall surface of the furnace body 100 through a rotating shaft, and a plurality of equally distributed air outlet pipes 225 are sequentially connected on the third conduit 224 and along its length direction. A ventilation hole is opened on the front side of the furnace body 100, and a dustproof net 130 is installed in the ventilation hole. The vibration mechanism 600 and the third conduit 224 are spaced apart. By starting the hot air blower 210, the hot air can be transported to the inner cavity of the furnace body 100 through the air guide component 220 to dry the perlite.

[0085] The adjusting mechanism 300 comprises a double-headed cylinder 310 installed on the rear side of the furnace body 100, and both output ends of the double-headed cylinder 310 are fixedly connected to a connecting plate 320, and a linkage is provided between the connecting plate 320 and one of the air outlet pipes 225 on the third conduit 224; the linkage comprises a connecting rod 330 fixedly connected to the connecting plate 320 facing the side of the furnace body 100, and one side of the connecting rod 330 is fixedly connected to three push-pull rods 340 which are equidistantly arranged up and down, and each push-pull rod 340 is arranged one-to-one with each third conduit 224, and a movable rod 350 is movably provided on the push-pull rod 340, and one end of the movable rod 350 penetrates the inner cavity of the furnace body 100 and is fixedly connected to the corresponding air outlet pipe 225. By starting the double-headed cylinder 310, the two connecting plates 320 are driven to move synchronously toward or away from each other, and the movable rod 350, the air outlet pipe 225 and the third conduit 224 can be driven to rotate with the rotating shaft as the center through the linkage, so as to achieve the purpose of changing the blowing angle.

[0086] The push-pull rod 340 is a V-shaped structure, and an inclined sliding hole 341 is provided on the push-pull rod 340. The end of the movable rod 350 away from the air outlet pipe 225 passes through the sliding hole 341 to the corresponding side of the push-pull rod 340. The surface of the movable rod 350 is slidably connected with the inner wall surface of the sliding hole 341. The surface of the furnace body 100 is provided with an arc-shaped slot hole 140 for the movable rod 350 to move. The inner wall surface of the arc-shaped slot hole 140 is slidably connected with the movable rod 350. When the push-pull rod 340 moves, it can drive the sliding hole 341 to move synchronously, so that the inner wall surface of the sliding hole 341 can apply pressure to the movable rod 350, so that the movable rod 350 can slide in the inner cavity of the sliding hole 341 and the arc-shaped slot hole 140, so as to change the force direction of the movable rod 350 so that the movable rod 350 can The air outlet duct 225 and the third conduit 224 are driven to rotate with the rotating shaft as the center. In order to prevent the perlite from leaking out of the arc-shaped slot hole 140, a folding curtain is installed on both sides of the inner cavity of the arc-shaped slot hole 140. The opposite ends of the two folding curtains are fixedly connected to the corresponding movable rods 350. The two sides of the shielding curtains are slidably connected to the inner wall surface of the arc-shaped slot hole 140. The folding curtains can ensure that the movable rod 350 can move in the arc-shaped slot hole 140, and can prevent the perlite from leaking out of the arc-shaped slot hole 140. The surface sliding sleeve of the push-pull rod 340 is provided with a guide sleeve 360, and the guide sleeve 360 ​​is fixedly connected to the surface of the furnace body 100. The guide sleeve 360 ​​can guide the push-pull rod 340, so that the push-pull rod 340 can move horizontally stably to avoid shaking or displacement.

[0087] Among them, the feeding mechanism 400 includes a screw conveyor 410 located on one side of the furnace body 100, the feeding end of the screw conveyor 410 is connected to the discharge pipe 120, the surface of the screw conveyor 410 is fixedly sleeved with a support sleeve 420, and the support sleeve 420 is installed on one side of the furnace body 100. The discharge end of the screw conveyor 410 is connected to the feed hopper 110 through the material guiding mechanism 500. The perlite at the bottom of the inner cavity of the furnace body 100 can be transported upward through the feeding mechanism 400, and the perlite can be transported to the inner cavity of the furnace body 100 again by using the material guiding mechanism 500 to realize cyclic drying.

[0088] The material guiding mechanism 500 includes a hose 510 connected to the discharge end of the screw conveyor 410, and the other end of the hose 510 is connected to a guide cover 520, which is buckled on the top of the feed hopper 110. Two symmetrically arranged locking assemblies 530 are provided between the guide cover 520 and the hose 510. The material guiding mechanism 500 can guide the perlite. By placing the material guiding mechanism 500 on the feed hopper 110, the material feeding mechanism 400 can be used to realize the circulation drying operation; the material guiding mechanism 500 is connected to the storage bin externally, and the material feeding mechanism 400 can be used to realize the discharge and collection operation; the locking assembly 530 includes a handle 531 fixedly connected to the guide cover 520, and a Z-shaped column 532 is provided on the front and rear sides of the handle 531, and the Z-shaped column 532 is fixedly connected to the guide cover 520, and a connecting buckle 533 is provided between the handle 531 and the Z-shaped column 532. The connecting buckle 533 is arranged on the feed hopper 110, and the locking assembly 530 can realize the connection and fixing function of the guide cover 520 and the feed hopper 110, so as to prevent the material guiding mechanism 500 from shaking or falling during the material guiding process, which is helpful to improve the stability of the material guiding, and at the same time, the handle 531 can be used as a handle to take and place the guide cover 520, which is convenient to use; the connecting buckle 533 includes a pillar 5331 fixedly connected to the feed hopper 110, one end of the surface of the pillar 5331 is rotatably connected with a hook 5332 through a rotating shaft, the hook 5332 is hung on the end of the Z-shaped column 532, and one end of the hook 5332 is buckled on the handle 531, and the guide cover 520 and the feed hopper 110 can be quickly connected by the connecting buckle 533, and the surface of the hook 5332 is integrally formed with a protrusion 5333, and the protrusion 5333 facilitates the hand to rotate the hook 5332 under force.

[0089] Among them, the vibration mechanism 600 includes a sieve plate 610 which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace body 100 at an angle and is located between the upper and lower third conduits 224. The sieve plate 610 and the bottom of the sieve plate 610 are equipped with a vibration motor 620. When the perlite enters the inner cavity of the furnace body 100, the sieve plate 610 can disturb the perlite, which helps to prolong the residence time of the perlite in the inner cavity of the furnace body 100, thereby improving the drying effect of the perlite. By starting the vibration motor 620, the sieve plate 610 can be vibrated, so that the perlite on the sieve plate 610 vibrates at the top of the sieve plate 610, so that the perlite can be fully in contact with the hot air.

[0090] Among them, the supporting mechanism 700 includes a leg 710 fixedly connected to the four corners of the bottom of the furnace body 100 respectively, and the bottom ends of the four legs 710 are commonly fixedly connected to a base 720. The hot air blower 210 is installed on the top of the base 720. The supporting mechanism 700 can support the furnace body 100 and provide an installation foundation for the hot air blower 210.

[0091] Specifically, in this embodiment, a heat transfer equation can be introduced to describe the flow of hot air in the furnace and the drying process of perlite, which is expressed as:

[0092] Q=h·A·(T h -T c );

[0093] in:

[0094] Q is the amount of heat transferred per unit time (unit: W or J / s);

[0095] h is the convective heat transfer coefficient (unit: W / (m 2 K), which depends on the physical properties of the fluid, the flow rate, and the geometry of the heat transfer surface;

[0096] A is the heat exchange area (unit: m 2 );

[0097] T h is the temperature of the hot air (unit: K or ℃);

[0098] T c is the temperature of the perlite (unit: K or ℃).

[0099] The usage of the above equation is as follows:

[0100] 1. Calculate drying efficiency: By measuring the hot air temperature, the initial and final temperatures of the perlite, as well as the heat exchange area of ​​the furnace and the convection heat transfer coefficient, this equation can be used to calculate the amount of heat transferred to the perlite per unit time, thereby evaluating the drying efficiency.

[0101] 2. Optimize equipment design: By adjusting the structure of the furnace (such as changing the heat exchange area, optimizing the hot air flow path, etc.), the convection heat transfer coefficient and heat exchange area can be changed, thereby affecting the efficiency of heat transfer. Using this equation, different design schemes can be simulated and compared to find the optimal equipment design.

[0102] 3. Predict energy consumption: Combining the energy consumption data of the hot air blower and the heat transfer equation, the energy consumption required for the drying process can be predicted, and the energy efficiency of the equipment can be evaluated and optimized accordingly.

[0103] Technical Effects

[0104] 1. Improve drying efficiency: By optimizing the structure of the furnace and the hot air flow path, the convection heat transfer coefficient and heat exchange area can be improved, thereby increasing the amount of heat transferred to the perlite per unit time and improving the drying efficiency.

[0105] 2. Reduce energy consumption: By accurately calculating the heat transfer process, the energy consumption of the hot air blower can be predicted and optimized, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the drying process.

[0106] 3. Improve product quality: Improved drying efficiency and reduced energy consumption help improve the drying quality and consistency of products, thereby improving the overall quality of the products.

[0107] In the present drying furnace, the heat transfer equation can be used to evaluate and optimize the design of the drying mechanism 200. For example, the convection heat transfer coefficient can be calculated by measuring the hot air temperature, the temperature of the perlite, and the heat exchange area of ​​the furnace body, and the power of the hot air blower, the hot air flow path, and the structure of the furnace body can be adjusted accordingly to improve the drying efficiency and reduce energy consumption.

[0108] Working principle:

[0109] First, use the protrusion 5333 to forcefully push the hook 5332, so that the hook 5332 rotates around the pillar 5331, and one end of the hook 5332 is separated from the handle 531, and the hook 5332 gradually moves away from the Z-shaped pillar 532 until the connecting buckle 533 is as shown in FIG. Figure 8 In the state shown, the unlocking operation of the guide cover 520 is completed. At this time, the guide cover 520 is lifted upward by using the handle 531 to expose the port of the feed hopper 110;

[0110] Secondly, start the hot air blower 210, the double-headed cylinder 310 and the vibration motor 620, and the hot air blower 210 conveys the hot air to the third conduit 224 through the first conduit 221, the second conduit 222 and the three-way pipe 223 in sequence, and blows the hot air to the inner cavity of the furnace body 100 through the air outlet pipe 225; when the two output ends of the double-headed cylinder 310 drive the two connecting plates 320 to move toward each other, the connecting plates 320 drive the connecting rod 330, the push-pull rod 340 and the sliding hole 341 to move synchronously, the push-pull rod 340 slides in the inner cavity of the guide sleeve 360, and the inner wall surface of the sliding hole 341 is larger than the movable rod 350 to apply pressure, so that the movable rod 350 slides in the inner cavity of the sliding hole 341 and the arc-shaped slot hole 140 The movable rod 350 drives the air outlet pipe 225 and the third conduit 224 to rotate upward synchronously with the rotation axis at the end of the third conduit 224 as the center. When the two output ends of the double-headed cylinder 310 drive the two connecting plates 320 to move in opposite directions, the air outlet pipe 225 and the third conduit 224 can be driven to rotate downward synchronously with the rotation axis at the end of the third conduit 224 as the center. Each time the two output ends of the double-headed cylinder 310 are extended and retracted, the air outlet pipe 225 and the third conduit 224 will be driven to swing up and down once, and the cycle repeats, which can drive the air outlet pipe 225 and the third conduit 224 to swing back and forth up and down, so that the hot air is blown to different areas in the furnace body 100; the vibration motor 620 drives the screen plate 610 to vibrate;

[0111] Next, the closed-cell perlite with neutral silica sol uniformly attached to the surface is poured into the inner cavity of the furnace body 100 through the feed hopper 110, and then the guide cover 520 is placed on the top of the feed hopper 110, and the hook 5332 is operated in reverse, so that the hook 5332 is hung on the Z-shaped column 532, and the hook 5332 is buckled on the handle 531, so that the guide cover 520 and the feed hopper 110 can be connected. At the same time, the perlite falls onto the sieve plate 610, and the sieve plates 610 are used for turbulence to extend the retention time of the perlite in the furnace body 100. At the same time, the sieve plates 610 drive the perlite to vibrate, so that the perlite is fully in contact with the hot air, which helps to improve the drying effect;

[0112] Next, the screw conveyor 410 is started, so that the perlite at the bottom of the inner cavity of the feed hopper 110 is transported into the screw conveyor 410 through the discharge pipe 120, and then transported into the hose 510 by the screw conveyor 410, and then transported into the furnace body 100 again through the hose 510, the guide cover 520 and the feed hopper 110 to realize the cyclic drying operation;

[0113] Finally, after the drying is finished, the hook 5332 is pushed again by the protrusion 5333, so that the hook 5332 gradually moves away from the Z-shaped column 532 until the connecting buckle 533 is as shown in FIG. Figure 8 In the state shown, the unlocking operation of the guide cover 520 can be completed. At this time, the guide cover 520 can be lifted up using the handle 531, and the guide cover 520 can be placed on the external storage bin, so that the dried perlite can be transported to the external storage bin through the material guiding mechanism 500 to realize the discharge and collection operation.

[0114] Through the above specific implementations, those skilled in the art can easily implement the present invention. However, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific implementations. On the basis of the disclosed implementations, those skilled in the art can arbitrarily combine different technical features to achieve different technical solutions.

Claims

1. A method for preparing high-performance closed-cell perlite material by chemical method, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Expansion: Perlite ore with a particle size of 5-1500 μm is used for expansion treatment, and the expanded perlite forms preliminary open-pore perlite; S2, coating: the perlite obtained in step S1 is put into a mixer, and the speed of the mixer is set to 30rpm to 120rpm to ensure that the perlite can be evenly dispersed during the stirring process. Under stirring, a mixture of 3% to 10% neutral silica sol, a foaming agent, and a curing agent is evenly sprayed on the surface of the perlite. Subsequently, the coated perlite is sent to a drying furnace and dried at a set temperature of 100-150°C for 1-3 hours to solidify the silica sol to form a continuous and dense closed-cell film layer, thereby obtaining a high-performance closed-cell perlite material; S3, dispersion: the high-performance closed-cell perlite material prepared in step S2 is fed into a disperser, the speed of the disperser is set to 500 rpm to 2000 rpm, and the agglomerated pseudo particles formed during drying or treatment are effectively eliminated through strong stirring and friction, and the perlite particles are further broken up into the desired sand state, and the particle size is controlled within the range of 0.1 to 1.5 mm to obtain vitrified microbeads; S4, classification: The vitrified microbeads obtained in step S3 are transported to a screening machine by a conveyor belt, and pearl ore sand meeting the required particle size is separated through sieves of different specifications according to application requirements. The pearl ore sand is used in the construction field.

2. The method for preparing high-performance closed-cell perlite material by chemical method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific method of step S1 is as follows: S11. Preheating treatment: placing the pearlite ore in a preheating furnace, and controlling the preheating temperature at 300°C to 600°C to remove moisture and volatiles in the ore, and at the same time increase the temperature of the ore to prepare for subsequent rapid expansion; S12, high temperature expansion: the preheated perlite ore is quickly fed into the expansion furnace, the temperature in the expansion furnace is controlled between 800°C and 1200°C, and the heating rate is maintained in the range of 5°C / min to 30°C / min, so as to ensure that the perlite can expand evenly and quickly; S13, expansion time control: the expansion time is set to 20 seconds to 5 minutes. During the expansion process, the perlite sand will expand rapidly and form preliminary open-pore perlite; S14, cooling and collection: the expanded initially open-pored perlite is passed through a cooling tank for rapid cooling, and the cooled perlite is collected to obtain open-pored perlite with a compressive strength of not less than 0.5 MPa, which is used as a raw material for subsequent coating treatment.

3. The method for preparing high-performance closed-cell perlite material by chemical method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying furnace in step S2 comprises a furnace body (100), the furnace body (100) being provided with a drying mechanism (200) for providing hot air to the inner cavity of the furnace body (100), an adjusting mechanism (300) for adjusting the blowing angle, and a feeding mechanism (400) for conveying perlite, the adjusting mechanism (300) being located at the rear side of the furnace body (100), the feeding mechanism (400) being located at one side of the furnace body (100), a material guiding mechanism (500) for guiding material being provided between the furnace body (100) and the feeding mechanism (400), the inner cavity of the furnace body (100) being provided with two groups of vibration mechanisms (600) for turbulence on the left and right sides, each group of the vibration mechanisms (600) being provided with two in an upper and lower manner, and a supporting mechanism (700) for supporting is provided at the bottom of the furnace body (100); The top of the furnace body (100) is connected to a feed hopper (110), the bottom of the furnace body (100) is in an inverted pyramid structure and is connected to a discharge pipe (120), and a first valve is installed on the discharge pipe (120).

4. The method for preparing high-performance closed-cell perlite material by chemical method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drying mechanism (200) comprises a hot air blower (210) located below the discharge pipe (120), and an air guide component (220) is provided between the air outlet end of the hot air blower (210) and the furnace body (100); The air guide component (220) comprises a first conduit (221) connected to the air outlet end of the hot air blower (210), a second valve is installed on the first conduit (221), two ends of the first conduit (221) away from the hot air blower (210) are respectively connected to a second conduit (222), the two second conduits (222) are respectively located on both sides of the furnace body (100), and the inner cavity of the furnace body (100) is provided with two groups of symmetrically arranged three-way pipes (223), each group of the three-way pipes (223) is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with each second conduit (222), and each group of the three-way pipes (223) is provided with three three-way pipes (223) in an upper and lower direction, and one end of the three-way pipe (223) is connected to the furnace body (100). ), the other end of the three-way pipe (223) is sealed and penetrates to the outside of the furnace body (100) and is connected to the corresponding second conduit (222), the other end of the three-way pipe (223) is rotatably connected to the third conduit (224), the end of the third conduit (224) away from the three-way pipe (223) is rotatably connected to the inner wall surface of the furnace body (100) through a rotating shaft, the third conduit (224) is connected to a plurality of equally spaced air outlet pipes (225) in sequence along its length direction, a ventilation hole is provided on the front side of the furnace body (100), a dustproof net (130) is installed in the ventilation hole, and the vibration mechanism (600) and the third conduit (224) are arranged at intervals.

5. The method for preparing high-performance closed-cell perlite material by chemical method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The regulating mechanism (300) comprises a double-headed cylinder (310) installed on the rear side of the furnace body (100), both output ends of the double-headed cylinder (310) are fixedly connected to a connecting plate (320), and a linkage member is provided between the connecting plate (320) and one of the air outlet pipes (225) on the third conduit (224); The linkage member comprises a connecting rod (330) fixedly connected to the side of the connecting plate (320) facing the furnace body (100); one side of the connecting rod (330) is fixedly connected to three push-pull rods (340) equidistantly arranged up and down; each of the push-pull rods (340) is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with each third conduit (224); a movable rod (350) is movably provided on the push-pull rod (340); one end of the movable rod (350) penetrates the inner cavity of the furnace body (100) and is fixedly connected to the corresponding air outlet pipe (225); The push-pull rod (340) has a V-shaped structure, and an inclined sliding hole (341) is provided on the push-pull rod (340). The end of the movable rod (350) away from the air outlet pipe (225) passes through the sliding hole (341) to the corresponding side of the push-pull rod (340). The surface of the movable rod (350) is slidably connected to the inner wall surface of the sliding hole (341). The surface of the furnace body (100) is provided with an arc-shaped slot hole (140) for the movable rod (350) to move, and the inner wall surface of the arc-shaped slot hole (140) is slidably connected to the movable rod (350).

6. The method for preparing high-performance closed-cell perlite material by chemical method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism (400) comprises a screw conveyor (410) located at one side of the furnace body (100); a feeding end of the screw conveyor (410) is connected to a discharge pipe (120); a support sleeve (420) is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the screw conveyor (410); the support sleeve (420) is installed at one side of the furnace body (100); and a discharging end of the screw conveyor (410) is connected to a feed hopper (110) via a material guiding mechanism (500).

7. The method for preparing high-performance closed-cell perlite material by chemical method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The material guiding mechanism (500) comprises a hose (510) connected to the discharge end of the screw conveyor (410); the other end of the hose (510) is connected to a guide cover (520); the guide cover (520) is buckled on the top of the feed hopper (110); and two symmetrically arranged locking assemblies (530) are provided between the guide cover (520) and the hose (510); The locking assembly (530) comprises a handle (531) fixedly connected to the guide cover (520), a Z-shaped column (532) is provided on both the front and rear sides of the handle (531), the Z-shaped column (532) is fixedly connected to the guide cover (520), a connecting buckle (533) is provided between the handle (531) and the Z-shaped column (532), and the connecting buckle (533) is provided on the feed hopper (110).

8. The method for preparing high-performance closed-cell perlite material by chemical method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The connecting buckle (533) includes a support (5331) fixedly connected to the feed hopper (110), one end of the surface of the support (5331) is rotatably connected to a hook (5332), the hook (5332) is hooked to the end of the Z-shaped column (532), and one end of the hook (5332) is buckled to the handle (531).

9. The method for preparing high-performance closed-cell perlite material by chemical method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vibration mechanism (600) comprises a sieve plate (610) which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace body (100) in an inclined manner and is located between two upper and lower third conduits (224); a vibration motor (620) is installed at the bottom of the sieve plate (610).

10. The method for preparing high-performance closed-cell perlite material by chemical method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support mechanism (700) comprises a leg (710) fixedly connected to the four corners of the bottom of the furnace body (100), the bottom ends of the four legs (710) are fixedly connected to a base (720), and the hot air blower (210) is installed on the top of the base (720).

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