Combined buffer structure for high-speed railway tunnel portal

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-speed railway tunnel portal combined buffer structure which comprises an opening section connected with a tunnel portal lining structure of a tunnel entrance and exit, the opening section comprises at least one opening section lining, each opening section lining comprises an annular splicing module and two annular connecting modules, every two adjacent opening section linings are connected through a penetrating connecting rib, and the annular splicing modules are connected with the annular connecting modules. A trunk is arranged on the opening section lining, and a cavity in the opening section lining is communicated with the outside through the trunk; the beveled section lining comprises a beveled section splicing module, a beveled section connecting module arranged at one end of the beveled section splicing module and a brim structure arranged at the other end of the beveled section splicing module, and the beveled section lining is connected with the opening section lining at the end of the opening section through penetrating connecting ribs. The combined buffer structure is built in a prefabricated slab assembling mode, the installation process can be completed by means of a hoisting mechanism, the steps of formwork building and pouring solidification of the trolley are omitted, the construction process is simplified, and efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of tunnel portal structures, in particular to a combined buffer structure for a high-speed railway tunnel portal. Background Art

[0002] When the EMU passes through the tunnel at high speed, the air in the annular space between the train and the inner surface of the tunnel lining is severely squeezed due to the front of the train entering the tunnel, thus forming a compression wave in front of the train and propagating in the tunnel at the speed of sound. When the compression wave propagates to the tunnel entrance, part of the energy is reflected back into the tunnel in the form of an expansion wave, and the other part is radiated to the environment outside the tunnel to form a micro-pressure wave. The micro-pressure wave generated at the tunnel entrance contains a large number of low-frequency sound waves with a vibration frequency between 0 and 20 Hz, which can easily cause resonance of the surrounding building structures outside the tunnel (such as doors, windows, etc.), human cavities and important organs, endangering the safety of the structure and causing certain negative physiological and psychological effects on nearby residents. At the same time, when the peak value of the micro-pressure wave is large, the high-frequency component in the micro-pressure wave will also induce the "sonic boom" phenomenon, forming a certain amount of noise pollution at the tunnel entrance.

[0003] The main mitigation methods for the micro-pressure wave environment at the tunnel entrance are: 1) Changing the tunnel structure: such as appropriately increasing the tunnel clearance area or building auxiliary tunnels in the tunnel, so as to alleviate the micro-pressure waves at the tunnel entrance; 2) Changing the train design parameters: such as increasing the streamlined length of the train head or changing the cross-sectional area of ​​the train, so as to achieve the effect of reducing the initial compression wave gradient; 3) Changing the type of buffer structure at the tunnel entrance: such as increasing the opening rate of the buffer structure, extending the length of the buffer structure, etc., so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the initial compression wave gradient and enhancing the mitigation effect of micro-pressure waves. And because the design parameters of the tunnel and the train during construction are difficult to change, the measures of adding a tunnel entrance buffer structure are mainly adopted at home and abroad to alleviate the micro-pressure waves.

[0004] In terms of the mitigation mechanism of the buffer structure, existing studies have shown that the micro-pressure wave at the tunnel exit is positively correlated with the pressure gradient inside the tunnel and negatively correlated with the solid angle of the exit space. For the tunnel entrance buffer structure, the main method is to reduce the peak value of the pressure gradient by extending the time for the initial compression wave to reach its peak value, thereby reducing the peak value of the micro-pressure wave; for the tunnel exit buffer structure, the main method is to increase the solid angle of the exit space to reduce the peak value of the micro-pressure wave.

[0005] According to the ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the buffer structure to the clear area, it can be divided into the equal cross-sectional type (=1:1) and the expanded cross-sectional type (>1:1). Among them, due to the limitation of the structural size of the expanded cross-sectional type itself, it has a larger land occupation requirement for the cave entrance site. For terrains with small cave entrance space, the expanded cross-sectional buffer structure is often impossible to build.

[0006] The design parameters of the existing buffer structure, such as the opening position and length, are fixed, making it difficult to design according to the relief needs, resulting in low economic benefits. At the same time, the construction of the existing buffer structure is mostly in the form of trolley casting, which requires the process of laying templates, casting, and solidification. The construction steps are complicated and the construction period is long. Summary of the invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a combined buffer structure, which can be equipped with several opening section linings according to needs, and then flexibly adjust the length and other parameters of the buffer structure. At the same time, the buffer structure of the present application is constructed by assembling prefabricated panels, and the installation process can be completed with the help of a lifting mechanism, eliminating the steps of trolley formwork construction and pouring and solidification, simplifying the construction process and improving efficiency.

[0008] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A high-speed railway tunnel portal combined buffer structure, comprising: An opening section, which is connected to the tunnel portal lining structure at the entrance and exit of the tunnel, the opening section includes at least one opening section lining, the opening section lining includes an annular splicing module and two annular connecting modules symmetrically arranged on both sides of the annular splicing module, two adjacent opening section linings are connected by penetrating connecting ribs, a surrounding well is arranged on the opening section lining, and the cavity in the opening section lining is connected to the outside through the surrounding well; The bevel segment lining comprises a bevel segment splicing module, a bevel segment connecting module arranged at one end of the bevel segment splicing module and a brim structure arranged at the other end of the bevel segment splicing module; the bevel segment lining is connected to the opening segment lining at the end of the opening segment by penetrating connecting ribs.

[0009] As an embodiment of the present invention, the annular splicing module includes two symmetrical annular splicing units, the annular splicing units include a first annular prefabricated plate, a second annular prefabricated plate and a third annular prefabricated plate spliced ​​in sequence from bottom to top, and one end of the third annular prefabricated plate is vertically provided with a vertical portion; the vertical portions of the two annular splicing units are arranged opposite to each other, and both sides of the two vertical portions are connected with a well enclosure prefabricated plate to form the well enclosure; The annular connection module includes two symmetrically arranged annular connection units, and the annular connection unit includes a first connection prefabricated plate and a second connection prefabricated plate. The end of the first connection prefabricated plate is spliced ​​with the end of the second connection prefabricated plate, and the second connection prefabricated plates of the two annular connection units are spliced.

[0010] As an embodiment of the present invention, the lower part of the first connecting prefabricated plate is spliced ​​with the first annular prefabricated plate, and the upper part of the first connecting prefabricated plate is spliced ​​with the lower part of the second annular prefabricated plate; The lower part of the second connecting prefabricated plate is spliced ​​with the upper part of the second annular prefabricated plate, and the upper part of the second connecting prefabricated plate is spliced ​​with the third annular prefabricated plate; A plurality of insert grooves are arranged on both sides of the first annular prefabricated plate, the second annular prefabricated plate and the third annular prefabricated plate, and a plurality of cylindrical bosses are arranged on one side of the first connecting prefabricated plate and the second connecting prefabricated plate, and the cylindrical bosses are engaged with the insert grooves so that the annular connecting unit is spliced ​​and set on one side of the annular splicing unit.

[0011] As an embodiment of the present invention, the lower part of the first connecting prefabricated plate is relatively connected to the first annular prefabricated plate and is provided with a first opening section channel, the upper part of the first connecting prefabricated plate is relatively connected to the lower part of the second annular prefabricated plate and is provided with a second opening section channel, the lower part of the second connecting prefabricated plate is relatively connected to the upper part of the second annular prefabricated plate and is provided with a third opening section channel, the upper part of the second connecting prefabricated plate is relatively connected to the third annular prefabricated plate and is provided with a fourth opening section channel, the upper end of the second connecting prefabricated plate is provided with a fifth opening section channel, and the first opening section channel, the second opening section channel, the third opening section channel, the fourth opening section channel and the fifth opening section channel of two adjacent opening section linings correspond to each other.

[0012] As an embodiment of the present invention, the bevel segment splicing module includes two symmetrical bevel segment splicing units and a top bevel prefabricated plate, the bevel segment splicing unit includes a first bevel prefabricated plate, a second bevel prefabricated plate and a third bevel prefabricated plate which are sequentially spliced ​​from bottom to top, and both ends of the top bevel prefabricated plate are spliced ​​with the third bevel prefabricated plates of the two bevel segment splicing units; The bevel section connection module includes two symmetrical third connection prefabricated panels and a fourth connection prefabricated panel spliced ​​and arranged on the two third connection prefabricated panels.

[0013] As an embodiment of the present invention, the lower part of the third connecting prefabricated plate is spliced ​​with the first beveled prefabricated plate and is provided with a first beveled section channel, the middle part of the third connecting prefabricated plate is spliced ​​with the second beveled prefabricated plate and is provided with a second beveled section channel, and the upper part of the third connecting prefabricated plate is spliced ​​with the third beveled prefabricated plate and is provided with a third beveled section channel; The top beveled prefabricated plate and the fourth connecting prefabricated plate are spliced ​​and are provided with two groups of fourth beveled section holes and two groups of fifth beveled section holes.

[0014] As an embodiment of the present invention, the first bevel section channel, the second bevel section channel, the third bevel section channel, the fourth bevel section channel and the fifth bevel section channel respectively correspond to the first opening section channel, the second opening section channel, the third opening section channel, the fourth opening section channel and the fifth opening section channel, so that connecting ribs are arranged to connect the plurality of opening section linings and the bevel section linings.

[0015] As an implementation mode of the present invention, the end of the chamfered section lining is inclined, and its inclination direction is toward the tunnel entrance.

[0016] As an embodiment of the present invention, a first brim portion is provided at one end of the first beveled prefabricated panel, a second brim portion is provided at one end of the second beveled prefabricated panel, a third brim portion is provided at one end of the third beveled prefabricated panel, and a fourth brim portion is provided at the end of the top beveled prefabricated panel. The first brim portions of the two first beveled prefabricated panels, the second brim portions of the two second beveled prefabricated panels, the third brim portions of the two third beveled prefabricated panels, and the fourth brim portion are spliced ​​to form the brim structure.

[0017] A construction method of the aforementioned high-speed railway tunnel portal combined buffer structure is also provided, the steps of which include: S1. Determine the length of the buffer structure and the number of the opening section linings according to the required relief rate, cast on site to form a plurality of groups of opening section base modules and a group of bevel section base modules, the number of the opening section base modules corresponds to the number of the opening section linings; wherein the opening section base module comprises two first base prefabricated panels symmetrically arranged on both sides of the railway, and the bevel section base module comprises two second base prefabricated panels symmetrically arranged on both sides of the railway; S2, completing the splicing of the annular splicing units of the annular splicing module, and splicing the annular connecting units of the annular connecting module to two sides of the annular splicing units to obtain an assembled component; S3, installing the assembly components obtained in step S2 onto the first base prefabricated plate adjacent to the terrain slope protection, and installing the two assembly components on both sides of the railway symmetrically; S4, installing the two prefabricated panels of the enclosure on the two assembly components to obtain an opening section lining unit; S5, sequentially installing the opening section lining units along the direction of the railway away from the terrain slope protection, with two adjacent opening section lining units abutting against each other; S6, after the bevel segment splicing modules are spliced ​​together, the bevel segment connection module is installed on one side of the bevel segment splicing module to obtain a bevel segment lining unit; S7, installing the bevel section lining unit in step S6 on the two second base prefabricated plates, so that the bevel section lining unit abuts against the opening section lining unit; S8. Cast and connect the bevel section lining unit and the second base precast plate, and cast and connect the opening section lining unit and the first base precast plate.

[0018] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are: The opening section of the present invention is composed of at least one opening section lining. The number of opening section linings is changed according to the demand for micro-pressure wave relief rate, thereby changing the structure length for design. It has a wide range of adaptability and flexible and convenient parameter adjustment.

[0019] The opening section lining and the bevel section lining of the present invention are both spliced ​​by prefabricated panels, and can be assembled and spliced ​​on site. The small size of a single prefabricated panel element facilitates transportation, and the assembled components and bevel section lining after assembly and splicing can be transferred to the installation location by a crane for installation, eliminating the step of trolley casting operation. Compared with trolley construction, the casting and solidification process is omitted, the construction efficiency of the buffer structure is high, and the construction process is simpler and more reliable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention applied to a surface structure outside a cave.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of another angle of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the opening section lining is assembled according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of an opening section base module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the annular splicing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of two groups of annular connection units in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a bevel section base module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Fig. 9 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a bevel segment splicing module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Fig.10 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bevel segment connection module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connecting ribs according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Among them: 1. Surface structure outside the tunnel; 2. Terrain slope protection; 3. Opening section lining; 3-1. Surrounding well; 3-2. Wellhead groove; 4. Bevel section lining; 5. Eave structure; 6. Connecting ribs; 6-1. Casting hole; 6-2. Connecting rib sealing end; 301 first base prefabricated plate; 302 first annular prefabricated plate; 303 second annular prefabricated plate; 304 third annular prefabricated plate; 304-1 vertical portion; 305 first connecting prefabricated plate; 306 second connecting prefabricated plate; 307 enclosure prefabricated plate; 3a first opening section channel; 3b second opening section channel; 3c third opening section channel; 3d fourth opening section channel; 3e fifth opening section channel; 401 second base prefabricated plate; 402 first beveled prefabricated plate; 402-1 first brim portion; 403 second beveled prefabricated plate; 403-1 second brim portion; 404 third beveled prefabricated plate; 404-1 third brim portion; 405 top beveled prefabricated plate; 405-1 fourth brim portion; 406 third connecting prefabricated plate; 407 fourth connecting prefabricated plate; 5a: first bevel section channel; 5b: second bevel section channel; 5c: third bevel section channel; 5d: fourth bevel section channel; 5e: fifth bevel section channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 10 The combined buffer structure of the high-speed railway tunnel portal shown in the figure comprises: An opening section, which is connected to the tunnel portal lining structure at the entrance and exit of the tunnel, the opening section includes 8 groups of opening section linings 3, the opening section lining 3 includes an annular splicing module and two annular connecting modules symmetrically arranged on both sides of the annular splicing module, and two adjacent opening section linings 3 are connected by penetrating connecting ribs, a surrounding well 3-1 is arranged on the opening section lining 3, the cavity in the opening section lining 3 is connected to the outside through the surrounding well 3-1, and an annular wellhead groove 3-2 is arranged at the upper end of the surrounding well 3-1 for installing a protective net to prevent falling rocks from entering the buffer structure; The bevel section lining 4 comprises a bevel section splicing module, a bevel section connecting module arranged at one end of the bevel section splicing module and a brim structure 5 arranged at the other end of the bevel section splicing module. The bevel section lining 4 is connected to the opening section lining 3 at the end of the opening section by penetrating connecting ribs.

[0034] See Figure 6 The annular splicing module includes two symmetrical annular splicing units, and the annular splicing unit includes a first annular prefabricated plate 302, a second annular prefabricated plate 303 and a third annular prefabricated plate 304 which are spliced ​​in sequence from bottom to top, and a vertical portion 304-1 is vertically arranged at one end of the third annular prefabricated plate 304; the vertical portions 304-1 of the two annular splicing units are arranged opposite to each other, and both sides of the two vertical portions 304-1 are connected with a well enclosure prefabricated plate 307 to form the well enclosure 3-1.

[0035] See also Figure 7 The annular connection module includes two symmetrically arranged annular connection units, and the annular connection unit includes a first connection prefabricated plate 305 and a second connection prefabricated plate 306. The end of the first connection prefabricated plate 305 is spliced ​​with the end of the second connection prefabricated plate 306, and the second connection prefabricated plates 306 of the two annular connection units are spliced.

[0036] The lower part of the first connecting prefabricated plate 305 is spliced ​​with the first annular prefabricated plate 302, and the upper part of the first connecting prefabricated plate 305 is spliced ​​with the lower part of the second annular prefabricated plate 303. The lower part of the second connecting prefabricated plate 306 is spliced ​​with the upper part of the second annular prefabricated plate 303, and the upper part of the second connecting prefabricated plate 306 is spliced ​​with the third annular prefabricated plate 304.

[0037] See also Figure 6 and Figure 7 , a plurality of plug-in grooves are provided on both sides of the first annular prefabricated plate 302, the second annular prefabricated plate 303 and the third annular prefabricated plate 304, and a plurality of cylindrical bosses are provided on one side of the first connecting prefabricated plate 305 and the second connecting prefabricated plate 306, and the cylindrical bosses are engaged with the plug-in grooves so that the annular connecting unit is spliced ​​and set on one side of the annular splicing unit. Specifically, the end of the cylindrical boss is hemispherical, the cross-section of the plug-in groove is circular, and its bottom end is hemispherical, and the cylindrical boss is engaged with the plug-in groove to quickly locate two adjacent elements, thereby increasing the assembly efficiency of the opening section lining 3 or the bevel section lining 4. Similarly, the annular splicing module and the bevel section splicing module of this embodiment are both spliced ​​by a modified splicing method.

[0038] See also Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7The lower part of the first connecting prefabricated plate 305 is relatively connected to the first annular prefabricated plate 302 and has a first opening section channel 3a, the upper part of the first connecting prefabricated plate 305 is relatively connected to the lower part of the second annular prefabricated plate 303 and has a second opening section channel 3b, the lower part of the second connecting prefabricated plate 306 is relatively connected to the upper part of the second annular prefabricated plate 303 and has a third opening section channel 3c, the upper part of the second connecting prefabricated plate 306 is relatively connected to the third annular prefabricated plate 304 and has a fourth opening section channel 3d, the upper end of the second connecting prefabricated plate 306 is provided with a fifth opening section channel 3e, and the first opening section channel 3a, the second opening section channel 3b, the third opening section channel 3c, the fourth opening section channel 3d and the fifth opening section channel 3e of two adjacent opening section linings 3 correspond to each other.

[0039] See also Figures 9 and 10 The bevel section splicing module includes two symmetrical bevel section splicing units and a top bevel prefabricated plate 405. The bevel section splicing unit includes a first bevel prefabricated plate 402, a second bevel prefabricated plate 403 and a third bevel prefabricated plate 404 which are spliced ​​in sequence from bottom to top. Both ends of the top bevel prefabricated plate 405 are spliced ​​with the third bevel prefabricated plates 404 of the two bevel section splicing units. The bevel section connection module includes two symmetrical third connection prefabricated plates 406 and a fourth connection prefabricated plate 407 which is spliced ​​on the two third connection prefabricated plates 406.

[0040] See also Figure 2 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The lower part of the third connection prefabricated plate 406 is spliced ​​with the first beveled prefabricated plate 402 and is provided with a first beveled section channel 5a, the middle part of the third connection prefabricated plate 406 is spliced ​​with the second beveled prefabricated plate 403 and is provided with a second beveled section channel 5b, the upper part of the third connection prefabricated plate 406 is spliced ​​with the third beveled prefabricated plate 404 and is provided with a third beveled section channel 5c. The top beveled prefabricated plate 405 is spliced ​​with the fourth connection prefabricated plate 407 and is provided with two groups of fourth beveled section channels 5d and two groups of fifth beveled section channels 5e.

[0041] The first beveled section channel 5a, the second beveled section channel 5b, the third beveled section channel 5c, the fourth beveled section channel 5d and the fifth beveled section channel 5e correspond to the first opening section channel 3a, the second opening section channel 3b, the third opening section channel 3c, the fourth opening section channel 3d and the fifth opening section channel 3e, respectively, and the connecting ribs are arranged to connect the opening section lining 3 and the beveled section lining 4. Specifically, the first beveled section channel 5a corresponds to the first opening section channel 3a, the second beveled section channel 5b corresponds to the second opening section channel 3b, the third beveled section channel 5c corresponds to the third opening section channel 3c, the fourth beveled section channel 5d corresponds to the fourth opening section channel 3d, and the fifth beveled section channel 5e corresponds to the fifth opening section channel 3e.

[0042] See also Figures 1 to 3 The end of the beveled section lining 4 is inclined, and its inclination direction is toward the tunnel entrance.

[0043] See also Fig. 9 , a first brim portion 402-1 is provided at one end of the first beveled prefabricated panel 402, a second brim portion 403-1 is provided at one end of the second beveled prefabricated panel 403, a third brim portion 404-1 is provided at one end of the third beveled prefabricated panel 404, and a fourth brim portion 405-1 is provided at the end of the top beveled prefabricated panel 405. The first brim portions 402-1 of the two first beveled prefabricated panels 402, the second brim portions 403-1 of the two second beveled prefabricated panels 403, the third brim portions 404-1 of the two three beveled prefabricated panels 404, and the fourth brim portion 405-1 are spliced ​​to form the brim structure 5.

[0044] The specific steps of the construction method of the combined buffer structure at the entrance of a high-speed railway tunnel are as follows: S1. Determine the length of the buffer structure and the number of the opening section lining 3 according to the required relief rate, cast on site to form a plurality of groups of opening section base modules and a group of bevel section base modules, the number of the opening section base modules corresponds to the number of the opening section lining 3; wherein the opening section base module comprises two first base prefabricated panels 301 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the railway, and the bevel section base module comprises two second base prefabricated panels 401 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the railway; S2, the annular splicing units of the annular splicing module are spliced ​​together, and the annular connecting units of the annular connecting module are spliced ​​to both sides of the annular splicing unit to obtain an assembled component. During the splicing process and the hoisting process, the assembled component can be supported and pre-fixed by a metal pipe frame; S3, installing the assembly components obtained in step S2 onto the first base prefabricated plate 301 adjacent to the terrain slope protection 2, and installing the two assembly components on both sides of the railway symmetrically; S4, installing the two prefabricated well panels 307 of the well enclosure 3-1 on the two assembly components to obtain an opening section lining unit. The opening section lining unit in this step is subjected to the processes of pouring, caulking and laminating to obtain the opening section lining 3; S5, sequentially installing the opening section lining units along the direction of the railway away from the terrain slope protection 2, with two adjacent opening section lining units abutting against each other; S6, after the bevel segment splicing modules are spliced, the bevel segment connection module is installed on one side of the bevel segment splicing module to obtain a bevel segment lining unit, and the bevel segment lining unit is subjected to the processes of casting, caulking and laminating to obtain a bevel segment lining 4. During the splicing and hoisting process, the bevel segment splicing module can be supported and pre-fixed by a metal pipe frame; S7, installing the bevel section lining unit in step S6 on the two second base prefabricated plates 401, so that the bevel section lining unit abuts against the opening section lining unit; S8. Connect the chamfered section lining unit and the second base precast plate 401 by casting, and connect the opening section lining unit and the first base precast plate 301 by casting.

[0045] In this embodiment, the pre-fixing method is achieved by inserting steel bars into the first opening section channel 3a, the second opening section channel 3b, the third opening section channel 3c, the fourth opening section channel 3d and the fifth opening section channel 3e. The steel bars can be taken out from one side to avoid interfering with the subsequent steps of internal series connection of the opening section and series connection of the bevel section lining 4 with the opening section.

[0046] In this embodiment, after the first opening section channel 3a, the second opening section channel 3b, the third opening section channel 3c, the fourth opening section channel 3d and the fifth opening section channel 3e penetrate the steel bars or connecting bars 6: The second annular prefabricated plate 303 and the first annular prefabricated plate 302 are connected and fixed via a first connecting prefabricated plate 305; The second annular prefabricated plate 303 and the third annular prefabricated plate 304 are connected and fixed by the second connecting prefabricated plate 306. The connecting prefabricated plates and the annular prefabricated plates are staggered in pairs, which reduces the volume of a single component for easy transportation and makes the structure of the assembled components more stable and reliable after splicing.

[0047] Combination Figures 5 to 7 ,as well as Figures 8 to 10In this embodiment, embedded parts are provided on the first base precast plate 301 and the second base precast plate 401. Vertically penetrating mounting holes (not shown in the figure) are provided at the bottom of the opening section lining unit and the bottom of the bevel section lining unit corresponding to the embedded parts. The mounting holes can be used to quickly position and hoist the assembly components on the opening section base module. After that, concrete can be poured from above the mounting holes to fix the assembly components to the opening section base module. The hoisting and casting methods of the bevel section base module and the bevel section lining unit are similar.

[0048] In this embodiment, two methods of inserting the connecting ribs 6 in series can be selected according to the overall length of the buffer mechanism.

[0049] When the buffer mechanism is relatively short as a whole and the number of the opening section linings 3 is less than or equal to 3, a whole long connecting rib 6 is used for connection and fixation, that is, the first bevel section channel 5a and the first opening section channels 3a of the opening section linings 3 are provided with the same reinforcing rib 6, the second bevel section channel 5b and the second opening section channels 3b are provided with the same reinforcing rib 6, the third bevel section channel 5c and the third opening section channels 3c are provided with the same reinforcing rib 6, and the fourth bevel section channel 5d and the fourth opening section channels 3d are provided with the same reinforcing rib 6. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the fifth bevel section channel 5e and the fifth opening section channel 3e are used for providing short reinforcing ribs 6 so as not to interfere with the relief effect of the surrounding well 3-1.

[0050] When the buffer mechanism is relatively short as a whole and the number of the opening section linings 3 is greater than 3, the connecting ribs 6 are arranged in a staggered manner. Figure 1 , the second opening section channel 3b and the fourth opening section channel 3d of the opening section lining unit ① adjacent to the terrain slope protection 2 are filled with concrete, and a connecting bar 6 is inserted into the first opening section channel 3a and the third opening section channel 3c of the adjacent opening section lining unit ②, and the length of the connecting bar 6 is consistent with the length of the two opening section lining units (① and ②) in the extension direction of the railway. Afterwards, a connecting bar 6 is inserted into the second opening section channel 3b and the fourth opening section channel 3d of the opening section lining unit ② and the adjacent opening section lining unit ③, and the length of the connecting bar 6 is consistent with the length of the two opening section lining units (② and ③) in the extension direction of the railway. The connecting bar 6 is inserted successively to the opening section lining unit at the end, and finally the connecting bar 6 is inserted into the channel of the chamfered section lining unit and the empty channel of the end opening section lining unit, and the empty channel of the chamfered section lining unit is filled with concrete. The staggered form can avoid the use of a longer connecting bar 6, which is convenient for transportation and construction operations.

[0051] In this embodiment, the connecting rib 6 can be Fig.11The tubular structure is sealed at one end inserted into the channel (i.e., the sealing end 6-2 of the connecting rib), and a plurality of casting holes 6-1 are opened in a circumferential array on the circumference thereof. After the connecting rib 6 is inserted into the channel, concrete is filled into the tube, and the concrete overflows from the casting holes 6-1 into the gap between the channel and the connecting rib 6. After the concrete solidifies, the connection and fixation of the adjacent opening sections and the connection and fixation of the chamfered section lining 4 can be achieved.

[0052] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art may still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined buffer structure for a high-speed railway tunnel entrance, characterized in that: It includes: An opening section connected to a tunnel portal lining structure at an entrance or exit of a tunnel, the opening section comprising at least one opening section lining (3), the opening section lining (3) comprising an annular splicing module and two annular connecting modules symmetrically arranged on both sides of the annular splicing module, two adjacent opening section linings (3) being connected by penetrating connecting ribs, a surrounding well (3-1) being arranged on the opening section lining (3), and a cavity in the opening section lining (3) being connected to the outside through the surrounding well (3-1); The bevel segment lining (4) comprises a bevel segment splicing module, a bevel segment connecting module arranged at one end of the bevel segment splicing module, and a brim structure (5) arranged at the other end of the bevel segment splicing module, wherein the bevel segment lining (4) is connected to the opening segment lining (3) at the end of the opening segment by penetrating connecting ribs.

2. The high-speed railway tunnel portal combined buffer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular splicing module comprises two symmetrical annular splicing units, the annular splicing units comprising a first annular prefabricated plate (302), a second annular prefabricated plate (303) and a third annular prefabricated plate (304) which are spliced ​​in sequence from bottom to top, and one end of the third annular prefabricated plate (304) is vertically provided with a vertical portion (304-1); the vertical portions (304-1) of the two annular splicing units are arranged opposite to each other, and both sides of the two vertical portions (304-1) are connected with well enclosure prefabricated plates (307) to form the well enclosure (3-1); The annular connection module comprises two symmetrically arranged annular connection units, the annular connection unit comprising a first connection prefabricated plate (305) and a second connection prefabricated plate (306), the end of the first connection prefabricated plate (305) and the end of the second connection prefabricated plate (306) being spliced ​​together, and the second connection prefabricated plates (306) of the two annular connection units being spliced ​​together.

3. The high-speed railway tunnel portal combined buffer structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower part of the first connecting prefabricated plate (305) is spliced ​​with the first annular prefabricated plate (302), and the upper part of the first connecting prefabricated plate (305) is spliced ​​with the lower part of the second annular prefabricated plate (303); The lower part of the second connecting prefabricated plate (306) is spliced ​​with the upper part of the second annular prefabricated plate (303), and the upper part of the second connecting prefabricated plate (306) is spliced ​​with the third annular prefabricated plate (304); A plurality of inserting grooves are provided on both sides of the first annular prefabricated plate (302), the second annular prefabricated plate (303) and the third annular prefabricated plate (304), and a plurality of cylindrical bosses are provided on one side of the first connecting prefabricated plate (305) and the second connecting prefabricated plate (306), wherein the cylindrical bosses are engaged with the inserting grooves so that the annular connecting unit is spliced ​​and arranged on one side of the annular splicing unit.

4. The high-speed railway tunnel portal combined buffer structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower part of the first connecting prefabricated plate (305) is connected to the first annular prefabricated plate (302) and has a first opening section channel (3a); the upper part of the first connecting prefabricated plate (305) is connected to the lower part of the second annular prefabricated plate (303) and has a second opening section channel (3b); the lower part of the second connecting prefabricated plate (306) is connected to the upper part of the second annular prefabricated plate (303) and has a third opening section channel (3c); The upper portion of the second connecting prefabricated plate (306) is provided with a fourth opening section channel (3d) which is connected to and penetrates the third annular prefabricated plate (304); the upper end of the second connecting prefabricated plate (306) is provided with a fifth opening section channel (3e) which is connected thereto; the first opening section channel (3a), the second opening section channel (3b), the third opening section channel (3c), the fourth opening section channel (3d) and the fifth opening section channel (3e) of two adjacent opening section linings (3) correspond to each other.

5. The high-speed railway tunnel portal combined buffer structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bevel section splicing module comprises two symmetrical bevel section splicing units and a top bevel prefabricated plate (405); the bevel section splicing unit comprises a first bevel prefabricated plate (402), a second bevel prefabricated plate (403) and a third bevel prefabricated plate (404) which are spliced ​​in sequence from bottom to top; two ends of the top bevel prefabricated plate (405) are spliced ​​with the third bevel prefabricated plates (404) of the two bevel section splicing units; The bevel section connection module comprises two symmetrical third connection prefabricated plates (406) and a fourth connection prefabricated plate (407) spliced ​​and arranged on the two third connection prefabricated plates (406).

6. The high-speed railway tunnel portal combined buffer structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower part of the third connecting prefabricated plate (406) is spliced ​​with the first beveled prefabricated plate (402) and is provided with a first beveled section channel (5a); the middle part of the third connecting prefabricated plate (406) is spliced ​​with the second beveled prefabricated plate (403) and is provided with a second beveled section channel (5b); and the upper part of the third connecting prefabricated plate (406) is spliced ​​with the third beveled prefabricated plate (404) and is provided with a third beveled section channel (5c); The top beveled prefabricated plate (405) and the fourth connecting prefabricated plate (407) are spliced ​​together and are provided with two groups of fourth beveled section holes (5d) and two groups of fifth beveled section holes (5e) that are connected.

7. The high-speed railway tunnel portal combined buffer structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first bevel section channel (5a), the second bevel section channel (5b), the third bevel section channel (5c), the fourth bevel section channel (5d) and the fifth bevel section channel (5e) respectively correspond to the first opening section channel (3a), the second opening section channel (3b), the third opening section channel (3c), the fourth opening section channel (3d) and the fifth opening section channel (3e), so as to connect the plurality of opening section linings (3) and the bevel section linings (4) by penetrating connecting ribs.

8. The high-speed railway tunnel portal combined buffer structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The end of the chamfered section lining (4) is inclined, and its inclination direction is toward the tunnel entrance.

9. The high-speed railway tunnel portal combined buffer structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: A first brim portion (402-1) is provided at one end of the first beveled prefabricated plate (402), a second brim portion (403-1) is provided at one end of the second beveled prefabricated plate (403), a third brim portion (404-1) is provided at one end of the third beveled prefabricated plate (404), a fourth brim portion (405-1) is provided at the end of the top beveled prefabricated plate (405), and the first brim portions (402-1) of the two first beveled prefabricated plates (402), the second brim portions (403-1) of the two second beveled prefabricated plates (403), the third brim portions (404-1) of the two third beveled prefabricated plates (404), and the fourth brim portion (405-1) are spliced ​​to form the brim structure (5).

10. A construction method for a combined buffer structure for a high-speed railway tunnel portal as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Determine the length of the buffer structure and the number of the opening section linings (3) according to the required relief rate, cast on site to form a plurality of groups of opening section base modules and a group of bevel section base modules, the number of the opening section base modules corresponding to the number of the opening section linings (3); wherein the opening section base module comprises two first base prefabricated plates (301) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the railway, and the bevel section base module comprises two second base prefabricated plates (401) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the railway; S2, completing the splicing of the annular splicing units of the annular splicing module, and splicing the annular connecting units of the annular connecting module to two sides of the annular splicing units to obtain an assembled component; S3, installing the assembly components obtained in step S2 onto the first base prefabricated plate (301) adjacent to the terrain slope protection (2), and installing the two assembly components on both sides of the railway symmetrically; S4, installing the two prefabricated well enclosure plates (307) of the well enclosure (3-1) on the two assembly components to obtain an opening section lining unit; S5, installing the opening section lining units in sequence along the direction of the railway away from the terrain slope protection (2), with two adjacent opening section lining units abutting against each other; S6, after the bevel segment splicing modules are spliced ​​together, the bevel segment connection module is installed on one side of the bevel segment splicing module to obtain a bevel segment lining unit; S7, installing the chamfered section lining unit in step S6 on the two second base prefabricated plates (401), so that the chamfered section lining unit abuts against the opening section lining unit; S8, casting and connecting the chamfered section lining unit and the second base precast plate (401), and casting and connecting the opening section lining unit and the first base precast plate (301).

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