Reciprocating piston split type four-stroke internal and external combustion engine

Abstract

The reciprocating piston split type four-stroke internal and external combustion engine comprises a crankcase, a compression air cylinder, an acting air cylinder, a combustion evaporation cylinder and a pneumatic cylinder, the compression air cylinder and the acting air cylinder are connected to the crankcase, the combustion evaporation cylinder is connected to the outer side of the compression air cylinder and the outer side of the acting air cylinder, and the pneumatic cylinder is connected between the compression air cylinder and the combustion evaporation cylinder. A rotatable crankshaft is installed in the crankcase, a compression piston and an acting piston are installed in the compression air cylinder and the acting air cylinder respectively and connected to the crankshaft through connecting rods respectively, an air inlet manifold is connected to the compression air cylinder, and an oil injection burner and a spark plug are installed in the combustion evaporation cylinder and close to the connecting position of the pneumatic cylinder. A combustion evaporator is arranged in the combustion evaporation cylinder, and the combustion evaporation cylinder is provided with a water spraying system used for spraying water mist to the outer surface of the combustion evaporator. The engine can realize continuous and sufficient combustion, and has excellent environmental protection performance and economic benefits; the engine structure can be greatly simplified, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of engines, and in particular to a reciprocating piston split-type four-stroke internal and external combustion engine. Background Art

[0002] The combustion gas of the internal combustion engine is also the working medium. For example, in a gasoline engine, the gas after the gasoline is burned directly pushes the piston to do work. In contrast, a heat engine that does not use fuel as a working medium is called an external combustion engine. For example, the working medium of a steam engine (water vapor) is not fuel. For an internal combustion engine, the working medium must be replaced (open cycle), that is, the burned gas is discharged and fresh gas is introduced. Internal combustion engines include reciprocating piston internal combustion engines, rotary piston engines, free piston engines, and rotary impeller jet engines.

[0003] An external combustion engine is a heat engine that converts thermal energy into mechanical energy by using fuel combustion to heat circulating working fluid (such as a steam engine that heats water in a boiler to generate high-temperature and high-pressure steam and transports it to the inside of the machine).

[0004] Since its introduction in the 1860s, the piston internal combustion engine has been continuously improved and developed and has become a relatively complete machine. It has high thermal efficiency, wide power and speed range, convenient matching and good maneuverability, so it has been widely used.

[0005] The performance of internal combustion engines mainly includes power performance and economic performance. Power performance refers to the power (torque) generated by the internal combustion engine, indicating the amount of energy conversion in the internal combustion engine. The parameters that indicate power performance include torque and power. Economic performance refers to the amount of fuel consumed when a certain power is generated, indicating the quality of energy conversion. The parameters that indicate economic performance include thermal efficiency and fuel consumption rate.

[0006] The maximum thermal efficiency of BYD's plug-in hybrid gasoline engine is currently 46.06%, and the maximum thermal efficiency of Weichai's turbocharged diesel engine is 53.09%. Both engines will be released in April 2024, but there is still a huge room for improvement in the thermal efficiency of internal combustion engines.

[0007] The pressure of a gasoline engine when burning and doing work is 3-5 MPa; the pressure of a diesel engine when burning and doing work is 6-15 MPa.

[0008] The maximum combustion pressure of a gasoline engine can reach 3-6.5MPa, and the maximum temperature can reach 2000-2500 degrees Celsius. When the work is completed, the gas pressure drops to 0.35-0.5MPa, and the gas temperature drops to 800-900 degrees Celsius.

[0009] The engine cylinder pressure is generally around 1 MPa for gasoline engines and around 2 MPa for diesel engines. The cylinder pressure of most electronic fuel injection engines is 1.2-1.4 MPa, and the cylinder pressure of a few high-compression ratio engines is above 1.7 MPa.

[0010] The temperature of the engine reaches 2000-2500 degrees Celsius when it is working. The upper part of the engine cylinder wall is 120-370 degrees Celsius, the lower part of the cylinder wall is less than 150 degrees Celsius, the top of the piston is 210-425 degrees Celsius, and the temperature of the combustion chamber is 2000-2500 degrees Celsius.

[0011] When the engine is working, a lot of heat is generated. The cylinder is cooled by coolant and air, and the engine oil also takes away some of the heat. Due to the different working conditions and structures of the engine components, their temperatures are also different.

[0012] The combustion of fuel in the cylinder of an internal combustion engine heats up the piston, cylinder liner, cylinder head, valve and other parts. In order to ensure the normal operation of the internal combustion engine, the above parts must work at a permissible temperature and not be damaged by overheating, so a cooling system must be provided.

[0013] The temperature of the exhaust gas discharged from the engine to the exhaust manifold is 800-900 degrees Celsius. The temperature after passing through the front three-way catalytic converter is 600-700 degrees Celsius, and the temperature in the middle of the muffler drops to about 200-300 degrees Celsius. The temperature of the muffler at the tail end is around 150 degrees Celsius, and the exhaust gas cooled by the muffler baffle is slightly higher than the normal temperature by 20-50 degrees Celsius.

[0014] The best temperature environment for the engine is 85-95 degrees Celsius (some highly reinforced engines can reach an operating temperature of 90-100 degrees Celsius or more). When working within this temperature range, the clearance of each part is just within the designed range, the fuel burns best in the combustion chamber, and the thermal efficiency and performance of the engine are at their best. It is not only conducive to the full combustion of the fuel, but also conducive to improving engine performance, reducing component wear and failure rate, and extending engine life. If it is lower than this temperature, we call it engine overcooling; if it is higher than this temperature, we call it engine overheating. Whether it is overcooling or overheating, it has a great impact on the service life of the engine.

[0015] The operating temperature of a normal electronic fuel injection gasoline engine is controlled between 100-107 degrees Celsius, which allows gasoline atomization and air mixing to achieve better combustion effects. However, the existence of the cooling system reduces the thermal efficiency of the internal combustion engine and increases fuel consumption and manufacturing costs.

[0016] There is a six-stroke engine that injects water into the cylinder wall and the top of the piston during the fifth stroke to generate water vapor to push the piston to do work. The thermal efficiency of the engine during the fifth stroke is low, which has a huge corrosive effect on the engine, shortens the engine life, and has not been promoted in the market.

[0017] The invention of CN200810007618 proposes an eight-stroke engine, in which the high-temperature combustion gas generated in the fifth stroke enters the steam cylinder through the air duct - compression and water spraying - steam expansion and work - exhaust, a total of eight strokes. In the process, the actual thermal efficiency is very limited, the manufacturing cost is high and the volume is doubled. The above scheme has not been put into practical use and promoted in the market.

[0018] Here is a simple comparison chart of water temperature and pressure:

[0019] Summary of the invention

[0020] In view of the above, the present invention provides a reciprocating piston split four-stroke internal and external combustion engine, which can achieve continuous and sufficient combustion, and has excellent environmental protection performance and economic benefits; and can greatly simplify the engine structure, reduce manufacturing costs, improve fuel thermal efficiency, and extend engine life.

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention:

[0022] The present invention provides a reciprocating piston split-type four-stroke internal and external combustion engine, comprising a crankcase, a compression cylinder, a working cylinder, a combustion evaporation cylinder and a pneumatic cylinder, the compression cylinder and the working cylinder are connected to the crankcase, the combustion evaporation cylinder is connected to the outside of the compression cylinder and the working cylinder, the pneumatic cylinder is connected between the compression cylinder and the combustion evaporation cylinder, a rotatable crankshaft is installed in the crankcase, a compression piston that can slide back and forth is installed in the compression cylinder, a working piston that can slide back and forth is installed in the working cylinder, the compression piston and the working piston are respectively connected to the crankshaft through connecting rods to realize the conversion between reciprocating linear motion and rotational motion, an intake manifold is connected to the compression cylinder, a compression intake valve is installed between the intake manifold and the compression cylinder to control the opening or closing of the airflow, and a compression valve is installed between the compression cylinder and the pneumatic cylinder. The exhaust valve controls the opening or closing of the airflow. Fresh air is pressed into the pneumatic cylinder through the intake manifold and the compression cylinder. A fuel injection burner and a spark plug are installed in the combustion evaporator cylinder near the connection with the pneumatic cylinder to allow the pressurized fresh air to be fully mixed with the fuel sprayed by the fuel injection burner and ignited by the spark plug for combustion. A combustion evaporator is arranged in the combustion evaporator cylinder, and a space for accommodating the fuel combustion flame is formed in the combustion evaporator. The combustion evaporator cylinder is equipped with a water spray system for spraying water mist onto the outer surface of the combustion evaporator. The water mist is heated to form high-pressure mixed steam. A working intake valve is installed between the combustion evaporator cylinder and the working cylinder to control the entry of high-pressure mixed steam. The working cylinder is connected to the exhaust manifold, and a working exhaust valve is installed between the exhaust manifold and the working cylinder to control the discharge of exhaust gas.

[0023] Furthermore, the volume of the compression cylinder is smaller than that of the working cylinder to achieve doubled power output;

[0024] Alternatively, when the volume of the compression cylinder is equal to the volume of the working cylinder, the number of the compression cylinders is smaller than the number of the working cylinders to achieve doubled power output.

[0025] Furthermore, the compression intake valve and the compression exhaust valve are both formed of a spring and a conical valve to form an automatically controllable one-way valve, and the power intake valve and the power exhaust valve are controlled by the crankshaft or the valve mechanism.

[0026] Furthermore, the water spray system includes a water tank, a water pump and a water mist nozzle. The water tank is connected to the water mist nozzle through the water pump and a water pipe, and the water mist nozzle is located in the combustion evaporation cylinder.

[0027] Furthermore, a low-pressure turbocharger and a high-pressure turbocharger are installed between the intake manifold and the exhaust manifold to recover the heat energy of the exhaust gas and increase the intake pressure.

[0028] Furthermore, the middle part of the intake manifold is divided into two branch pipes, one branch pipe is provided with an electric turbocharger and the other branch pipe is provided with an intake bypass valve.

[0029] Furthermore, an intercooler and a throttle are sequentially installed along the air intake direction at a position between the electric turbocharger and the compression cylinder on the intake manifold.

[0030] Further, when the total number of compression cylinders and power cylinders is more than 4, the compression cylinders and power cylinders are arranged in a V shape;

[0031] When the total number of compression cylinders and power cylinders is more than 8, the compression cylinders and power cylinders are arranged in a W shape.

[0032] Further, one compression cylinder corresponds to one working cylinder, and the volume of the working cylinder is greater than the volume of the compression cylinder;

[0033] Alternatively, one compression cylinder corresponds to two working cylinders of the same volume;

[0034] Alternatively, two compression cylinders correspond to two working cylinders, and the volume of the working cylinder is greater than the volume of the compression cylinder;

[0035] Alternatively, two compression cylinders correspond to four or more working cylinders of the same volume;

[0036] Alternatively, three compression cylinders correspond to three working cylinders, and the volume of the working cylinder is greater than the volume of the compression cylinder;

[0037] Alternatively, four compression cylinders correspond to four working cylinders, and the volume of the working cylinders is greater than the volume of the compression cylinders.

[0038] Furthermore, the compression cylinder and the working cylinder are arranged in parallel in a straight line.

[0039] The reciprocating piston split four-stroke internal and external combustion engine provided by the present invention has shown significant beneficial effects compared with traditional engines:

[0040] First, the engine of the present invention adopts a unique combustion method, which achieves continuous and sufficient combustion and effectively improves the combustion efficiency. This combustion method controls the combustion temperature at 800 to 1200°C, which significantly reduces the generation of harmful gases such as nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons compared to the high temperature (about 2000°C) during the explosion of traditional engines, thus having excellent environmental performance.

[0041] Secondly, from the perspective of economic benefits, the engine of the present invention achieves an energy utilization efficiency of up to 80% by optimizing the combustion process, which greatly exceeds the average level of traditional engines. This improvement not only means higher fuel economy, but also reduces energy waste, bringing significant economic benefits to users.

[0042] In addition, the engine of the present invention has made bold innovations in structure. It only needs one combustion system and one ignition system, and only needs to be ignited once during operation. It does not require a complex cooling system, and the air intake system is simplified. A spring and a conical valve are used to form an automatically controllable one-way valve. At the same time, by adding a water spray system equivalent to the fuel system, the gasification of water mist is achieved, and the high-pressure mixed steam that can be used for work is increased, further improving the performance and thermal efficiency of the engine. This design greatly simplifies the structure of the engine and reduces the manufacturing cost.

[0043] Finally, the engine of the present invention is also separately provided with a combustion evaporator to accommodate the combustion of the gasified fuel. Compared with ordinary engines, this makes it possible to avoid high-temperature combustion in the sliding working cylinder, and the oil and gas combustion and water mist evaporation are completed in the combustion evaporation cylinder. The compression cylinder temperature does not exceed 200 degrees, and the working cylinder intake temperature is about 300 degrees, which effectively reduces the high-temperature rust, wear and aging rate of the engine, thereby further extending the life of the engine.

[0044] In summary, the reciprocating piston split-type four-stroke internal and external combustion engine provided by the present invention performs well in terms of technological innovation, environmental performance, economic benefits and structural advantages, and has broad market application prospects.

[0045] The preferred embodiments of the present invention and their beneficial effects will be further described in detail in conjunction with specific implementation methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0047] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a reciprocating piston split-type four-stroke internal and external combustion engine of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the intake and exhaust connection of the reciprocating piston split-type four-stroke internal and external combustion engine of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a reciprocating piston split-type four-stroke internal combustion engine arranged in a V shape according to the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the reciprocating piston split-type four-stroke internal combustion engine arranged in a V shape according to the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the reciprocating piston split-type four-stroke internal and external combustion engine arranged in a V shape according to the present invention;

[0052] Figure 6 This is a diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention in which a reciprocating piston split-type four-stroke internal and external combustion engine is arranged in a straight line;

[0053] Figure 7 A second embodiment of the present invention is a diagram of a reciprocating piston split-type four-stroke internal and external combustion engine arranged in a straight line;

[0054] Figure 8 A third embodiment of the present invention is a diagram of a reciprocating piston split-type four-stroke internal and external combustion engine arranged in a straight line;

[0055] Fig. 9 This is a fourth embodiment diagram of the reciprocating piston split-type four-stroke internal and external combustion engines of the present invention arranged in a straight line.

[0056] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: crankcase 1, compression cylinder 2, working cylinder 3, combustion evaporator cylinder 4, pneumatic cylinder 5, crankshaft 6, compression piston 7, working piston 8, connecting rod 9, intake manifold 10, compression intake valve 11, compression exhaust valve 12, fuel injection burner 13, spark plug 14, combustion evaporator 15, water injection system 16, working intake valve 17, exhaust manifold 18, working exhaust valve 19, low-pressure turbocharger 20, high-pressure turbocharger 21, electric turbocharger 22, intake bypass valve 23, intercooler 24, throttle valve 25. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not used to limit the present invention.

[0058] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2The present invention provides a reciprocating piston split-type four-stroke internal and external combustion engine, comprising a crankcase 1, a compression cylinder 2, a working cylinder 3, a combustion evaporation cylinder 4 and a pneumatic cylinder 5. The compression cylinder 2 and the working cylinder 3 are connected to the crankcase 1, and the combustion evaporation cylinder 4 is connected to the outside of the compression cylinder 2 and the working cylinder 3. The pneumatic cylinder 5 is connected between the compression cylinder 2 and the combustion evaporation cylinder 4. A rotatable crankshaft 6 is installed in the crankcase 1. A reciprocating compression piston 7 is installed in the compression cylinder 2, and a reciprocating working piston 8 is installed in the working cylinder 3. The compression piston 7 and the working piston 8 are respectively connected to the crankshaft 6 through a connecting rod 9 to realize the conversion between reciprocating linear motion and rotational motion. An intake manifold 10 is connected to the compression cylinder 2, and a compression intake valve 11 is installed between the intake manifold 10 and the compression cylinder 2 to control the opening or closing of the airflow. A compression exhaust valve 12 is installed between the compression cylinder 2 and the pneumatic cylinder 5 to control the opening or closing of the air flow. Fresh air is compressed into the pneumatic cylinder 5 through the compression cylinder 2 through the intake manifold 10. A fuel injection burner 13 and a spark plug 14 are installed in the combustion evaporation cylinder 4 near the connection with the pneumatic cylinder 5, so that the supercharged fresh air and the fuel sprayed by the fuel injection burner 13 are fully mixed and ignited by the spark plug 14 and then burned. A combustion evaporator 15 is arranged in the combustion evaporation cylinder 4, and a space for accommodating the fuel combustion flame is formed in the combustion evaporator 15. The combustion evaporation cylinder 4 is equipped with a water spray system 16 for spraying water mist on the outer surface of the combustion evaporator 15. The water mist is heated to form high-pressure mixed steam. A working intake valve 17 is installed between the combustion evaporation cylinder 4 and the working cylinder 3 to control the entry of high-pressure mixed steam. The working cylinder 3 is connected to an exhaust manifold 18. A working exhaust valve 19 is installed between the exhaust manifold 18 and the working cylinder 3 to control the discharge of exhaust gas.

[0059] The working principle of the reciprocating piston split four-stroke internal and external combustion engine of the present invention is as follows: when the crankshaft 6 is driven to rotate by the starter motor and the compression piston 7 is driven downward, the compression intake valve 11 is opened and the compression exhaust valve 12 is closed, and fresh air enters the compression cylinder 2 through the intake manifold 10; when the compression piston 7 moves upward, the compression intake valve 11 is closed and the compression exhaust valve 12 is opened, and the fresh air in the compression cylinder 2 is pressed into the pneumatic cylinder 5, and the pressurized fresh air passes through the pores surrounding the fuel injection burner 13 and is fully mixed with the fuel sprayed by the fuel injection burner 13, and is ignited by the spark plug 14 and then burns, and after being fully burned in the combustion evaporator 15 at an ideal air-fuel ratio, high-temperature and high-pressure fuel chemical energy is released, and the combustion temperature is generally 800 to 1200°C. At the same time, the water mist sprayed by the water spray system 16 contacts the outer surface of the combustion evaporator 15. When the temperature of the combustion evaporator 15 is reduced to 200 to 300°C, the high-pressure mixed steam that can be used for work is increased due to the gasification of the water mist. The pressure of the high-pressure mixed steam is between 2 and 10 MPa. The work intake valve 17 is opened, the work exhaust valve 19 is closed, and the high-pressure mixed steam pushes the work piston 8 downward. When the high-pressure mixed steam pushes the work piston 8 into one-fifth of its stroke, the work intake valve 17 is closed. As the work piston 8 runs to the bottom dead center, the volume of the high-pressure mixed steam increases to 5 times the original volume, and the pressure is reduced from 10 MPa to 2 MPa. Subsequently, the work exhaust valve 19 is opened and the exhaust gas is discharged. Taking this process as an example, the energy utilization efficiency of the engine reaches 80%.

[0060] The combustion mode of the reciprocating piston split four-stroke internal combustion engine of the present invention is similar to that of a turbojet engine, which is a continuous and sufficient combustion with a combustion temperature of about 800 to 1200 degrees. When the temperature of an ordinary engine is about 2000 degrees during deflagration, harmful gases such as nitrogen oxides will be produced, thereby avoiding the production of harmful gases such as nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons, and having excellent environmental protection performance and economic benefits. The reciprocating piston split four-stroke internal combustion engine of the present invention only needs one combustion system, and only needs to be ignited once during operation. There is no cooling system, and only a water spray system 16 equivalent to the fuel system is added, which greatly simplifies the engine structure and reduces the manufacturing cost. A combustion evaporator 15 is separately provided to accommodate the combustion of the fuel gas, so that there is no high-temperature combustion in the combustion evaporator cylinder 4, which is beneficial to prolonging the life of the engine.

[0061] The reciprocating piston split four-stroke internal and external combustion engine provided by the present invention has shown significant beneficial effects compared with traditional engines:

[0062] First, the engine of the present invention adopts a unique combustion method, which achieves continuous and sufficient combustion and effectively improves the combustion efficiency. This combustion method controls the combustion temperature at 800 to 1200°C, which significantly reduces the generation of harmful gases such as nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons compared to the high temperature (about 2000°C) during the explosion of traditional engines, thus having excellent environmental performance.

[0063] Secondly, from the perspective of economic benefits, the engine of the present invention achieves an energy utilization efficiency of up to 80% by optimizing the combustion process, which greatly exceeds the average level of traditional engines. This improvement not only means higher fuel economy, but also reduces energy waste, bringing significant economic benefits to users.

[0064] In addition, the engine of the present invention has made bold innovations in structure. It only needs one combustion system and only needs to be ignited once during operation, without the need for a complicated cooling system. At the same time, by adding a water spray system equivalent to the fuel system, the gasification of water mist is achieved, and the high-pressure mixed steam that can be used for work is increased, further improving the performance of the engine. This design greatly simplifies the structure of the engine and reduces the manufacturing cost.

[0065] Finally, the engine of the present invention also separately sets up a combustion evaporator to accommodate the combustion of fuel gas, which makes it possible to avoid high-temperature combustion in the sliding working cylinders (compression cylinder 2 and power cylinder 3), effectively reducing the high-temperature rust, wear and aging rate of the engine, thereby further extending the life of the engine.

[0066] In summary, the reciprocating piston split-type four-stroke internal and external combustion engine provided by the present invention performs well in terms of technological innovation, environmental performance, economic benefits and structural advantages, and has broad market application prospects.

[0067] In this embodiment, the volume of the compression cylinder 2 is smaller than the volume of the working cylinder 3 to achieve doubled power output. In addition, the number of compression cylinders 2 is less than the number of working cylinders 3, for example, one compression cylinder 2 corresponds to two working cylinders 3, and the volume of one compression cylinder 2 is smaller than the volume of two working cylinders 3, which can also achieve doubled power output.

[0068] In this embodiment, the compression intake valve 11 and the compression exhaust valve 12 are both spring- and conical-shaped valves that form automatically controllable one-way valves, and the power intake valve 17 and the power exhaust valve 19 are controlled by the crankshaft or the valve train.

[0069] In this embodiment, the water spray system 16 includes a water tank, a water pump and a water mist nozzle. The water tank is connected to the water mist nozzle through a water pump and a water pipe, and the water mist nozzle is located in the combustion evaporation cylinder 4.

[0070] In this embodiment, a low-pressure turbocharger 20 and a high-pressure turbocharger 21 are installed between the intake manifold 10 and the exhaust manifold 18 to recover the heat energy of the exhaust gas, increase the intake pressure, and realize the cascade utilization of the exhaust gas energy. The intake pressure determines the outlet pressure of the engine. Increasing the intake pressure is equivalent to increasing the compression ratio of an ordinary engine, which is beneficial to the improvement of power and is more conducive to the effective participation of fuel heat energy in work.

[0071] The middle part of the intake manifold 10 is divided into two branches, each of which is provided with an electric turbocharger 22 and an intake bypass valve 23. The crankshaft 6 is driven to rotate by the starter motor, and the electric turbocharger 22 is immediately involved at the time of starting, reducing the hysteresis of the power increase caused by the hysteresis of the exhaust gas turbine, so that the compression cylinder 2 inhales as much air as possible, and stops running after reaching thermal balance. The air is inhaled and pressurized by the low-pressure turbocharger 20 and the high-pressure turbocharger 21, and the air enters the compression cylinder 2 through the intake bypass valve 23. When more power is needed, the intake bypass valve 23 is closed and the electric turbocharger 22 is started.

[0072] An intercooler 24 and a throttle 25 are installed in sequence along the intake direction at a position between the electric turbocharger 2 and the compression cylinder 2 on the intake manifold 10. First, the setting of the intercooler 24 effectively reduces the temperature of the high-temperature air compressed by the electric turbocharger 2. This cooling treatment not only increases the density of the air, allowing more air to be sucked into the compression cylinder 2, thereby increasing the intake volume of the engine, and further improving the output power and torque of the engine. Secondly, the precise control of the throttle 25 is crucial to the fuel economy and emission performance of the engine. By accurately adjusting the opening of the throttle, fine control of the air flow entering the compression cylinder 2 can be achieved, thereby ensuring that the engine can maintain the best air-fuel ratio under various operating conditions. This not only improves the combustion efficiency of the fuel and reduces fuel consumption, but also significantly reduces the emission of harmful gases, meeting the current strict environmental protection regulations.

[0073] Figure 1 and Figure 5 The compression cylinder 2 and the working cylinder 3 are shown to be arranged in a V shape.

[0074] in Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the embodiment, two compression cylinders 2 correspond to two working cylinders 3, and the volume of the working cylinder 3 is greater than the volume of the compression cylinder 2.

[0075] in Figure 3 In the figure, two compression cylinders 2 correspond to four working cylinders 3 of the same volume.

[0076] in Figure 4 In the embodiment, three compression cylinders 2 correspond to three working cylinders 3, and the volume of the working cylinder 3 is greater than the volume of the compression cylinder 2.

[0077] in Figure 5 In the embodiment, four compression cylinders 2 correspond to four working cylinders 3, and the volume of the working cylinder 3 is greater than the volume of the compression cylinder 2.

[0078] like Figures 6 to 9 As shown, the compression cylinder 2 and the working cylinder 3 are arranged in parallel in a straight line.

[0079] in Figure 6 In the embodiment, one compression cylinder 2 corresponds to one working cylinder 3, and the volume of the working cylinder 3 is greater than the volume of the compression cylinder 2.

[0080] in Figure 7 In the figure, one compression cylinder 2 corresponds to two working cylinders 3 of the same volume.

[0081] in Figure 8 In the embodiment, two compression cylinders 2 correspond to two working cylinders 3, and the volume of the working cylinder 3 is greater than the volume of the compression cylinder 2.

[0082] in Fig. 9 In the figure, two compression cylinders 2 correspond to four working cylinders 3 of the same volume.

[0083] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper" and "lower" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying importance; the words "bottom surface" and "top surface", "inside" and "outside" refer to the geometric direction toward or away from a specific component, respectively.

[0084] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the inside of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0085] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reciprocating piston split-type four-stroke internal and external combustion engine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a crankcase (1), a compression cylinder (2), a working cylinder (3), a combustion evaporation cylinder (4) and a pneumatic cylinder (5), wherein the compression cylinder (2) and the working cylinder (3) are connected to the crankcase (1), the combustion evaporation cylinder (4) is connected to the outside of the compression cylinder (2) and the working cylinder (3), and the pneumatic cylinder (5) is connected between the compression cylinder (2) and the combustion evaporation cylinder (4). A rotatable crankshaft (6) is installed in the crankcase (1), and a reciprocatingly slidable compression piston (7) is installed in the compression cylinder (2). A working piston (8) is installed in the working cylinder (3) and can slide back and forth. The compression piston (7) and the working piston (8) are respectively connected to the crankshaft (6) through a connecting rod (9) to realize the conversion between reciprocating linear motion and rotational motion. The compression cylinder (2) is connected to an intake manifold (10). A compression intake valve (11) is installed between the intake manifold (10) and the compression cylinder (2) to control the opening or closing of the air flow. A compression exhaust valve (12) is installed between the compression cylinder (2) and the pneumatic cylinder (5) to control The air flow is opened or closed, and fresh air is compressed into the pneumatic cylinder (5) through the intake manifold (10) and the compression cylinder (2). A fuel injection burner (13) and a spark plug (14) are installed in the combustion evaporation cylinder (4) near the connection with the pneumatic cylinder (5) so that the pressurized fresh air and the fuel injected by the fuel injection burner (13) are fully mixed and ignited by the spark plug (14) and then burned. A combustion evaporator (15) is arranged in the combustion evaporation cylinder (4), and a fuel evaporator (15) is formed with a fuel evaporator for accommodating the fuel. The combustion evaporator (4) is provided with a water spray system (16) for spraying water mist onto the outer surface of the combustion evaporator (15), and the water mist is heated to form high-pressure mixed steam. A working air intake valve (17) is installed between the combustion evaporator (4) and the working cylinder (3) to control the entry of the high-pressure mixed steam. The working cylinder (3) is connected to an exhaust manifold (18), and a working exhaust valve (19) is installed between the exhaust manifold (18) and the working cylinder (3) to control the discharge of exhaust gas.

2. The reciprocating piston split-type four-stroke internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume of the compression cylinder (2) is smaller than the volume of the working cylinder (3) so as to achieve a doubled power output; Alternatively, when the volume of the compression cylinder (2) is equal to the volume of the working cylinder (3), the number of the compression cylinders (2) is smaller than the number of the working cylinders (3), so as to achieve doubled power output.

3. The reciprocating piston split-type four-stroke internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compression intake valve (11) and the compression exhaust valve (12) are both spring- and conical-shaped valves that form automatically controllable one-way valves, and the power intake valve (17) and the power exhaust valve (19) are controlled by a crankshaft or a valve train.

4. The reciprocating piston split-type four-stroke internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water spray system (16) comprises a water tank, a water pump and a water mist nozzle. The water tank is connected to the water mist nozzle via the water pump and a water pipe. The water mist nozzle is located in the combustion evaporation cylinder (4).

5. The reciprocating piston split-type four-stroke internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A low-pressure turbocharger (20) and a high-pressure turbocharger (21) are installed between the intake manifold (10) and the exhaust manifold (18) to recover exhaust gas heat energy, increase intake pressure, and improve engine thermal efficiency and performance.

6. The reciprocating piston split-type four-stroke internal combustion engine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The middle part of the intake manifold (10) is divided into two branch pipes, one branch pipe is provided with an electric turbocharger (22) and the other branch pipe is provided with an intake bypass valve (23).

7. The reciprocating piston split-type four-stroke internal combustion engine according to claim 6, characterized in that: An intercooler (24) and a throttle valve (25) are sequentially installed on the intake manifold (10) at a position between the electric turbocharger (22) and the compression cylinder (2) along the intake direction.

8. The reciprocating piston split-type four-stroke internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the total number of the compression cylinders (2) and the working cylinders (3) is greater than 4, the compression cylinders (2) and the working cylinders (3) are arranged in a V shape; When the total number of the compression cylinders (2) and the working cylinders (3) is greater than 8, the compression cylinders (2) and the working cylinders (3) are arranged in a W shape.

9. The reciprocating piston split-type four-stroke internal combustion engine according to claim 8, characterized in that: One compression cylinder (2) corresponds to one working cylinder (3), and the volume of the working cylinder (3) is greater than the volume of the compression cylinder (2); Alternatively, one compression cylinder (2) corresponds to two working cylinders (3) of the same volume; Alternatively, the two compression cylinders (2) correspond to two working cylinders (3), and the volume of the working cylinder (3) is greater than the volume of the compression cylinder (2); Alternatively, two compression cylinders (2) correspond to four or more working cylinders (3) of the same volume; Alternatively, the three compression cylinders (2) correspond to the three working cylinders (3), and the volume of the working cylinders (3) is greater than the volume of the compression cylinders (2); Alternatively, the four compression cylinders (2) correspond to the four working cylinders (3), and the volume of the working cylinders (3) is greater than the volume of the compression cylinders (2).

10. The reciprocating piston split-type four-stroke internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compression cylinder (2) and the working cylinder (3) are arranged in parallel in a straight line.

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