Combustion device and combustion system

Abstract

The invention discloses a combustion device and a combustion system. The combustion device comprises an incinerator, a first-stage treatment assembly, a second-stage treatment assembly and a third-stage treatment assembly, wherein the first-stage treatment assembly, the second-stage treatment assembly and the third-stage treatment assembly are arranged on the incinerator. The first-stage treatment assembly comprises a first-stage waste spray gun, a first-stage combustion-supporting air inlet and a first-stage gas spray gun; the second-stage treatment assembly annularly surrounds the first-stage treatment assembly, and the second-stage treatment assembly comprises a second-stage waste spray gun and a second-stage combustion-supporting air inlet; the third-stage treatment assembly comprises a third-stage waste spray gun and a third-stage combustion-supporting air inlet; the air excess coefficient of air provided by the first-stage combustion-supporting air inlet and the second-stage combustion-supporting air inlet is controlled to be 0.8-0.97, and the first-stage gas spray gun provides a preset temperature, so that a reduction zone and an oxidation zone are formed in the axial direction. The waste is graded according to the heat value, the heat value of the waste sprayed by the first-stage waste spray gun is limited, it is guaranteed that the heat value of the first-stage waste spray gun is kept in a stable state, and the stability of overall heat treatment is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of waste gas and waste liquid treatment equipment, and in particular to a combustion device and a combustion system. Background Art

[0002] Nitrogen-containing waste liquid and waste gas are common emissions in industrial production, especially in some chemical production fields.

[0003] At present, nitrogen-containing waste liquid and waste gas are usually treated by thermal incineration, which converts nitrogen-containing waste liquid and waste gas into harmless carbon dioxide, nitrogen, etc. and discharges them into the atmosphere.

[0004] Since nitrogen-containing organic waste gas and waste liquid mainly exist in the form of -CN and -NH2, when the above waste gas and waste liquid are treated by thermal oxidation, a large amount of fuel-type NOx is easily generated. Fuel-type NOx is a gas that is harmful to the atmosphere, and a series of means need to be set up in the subsequent post-treatment of fuel-type NOx.

[0005] The commonly used post-treatment method is to treat NOx in the flue gas through selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) and selective catalytic reduction (SCR). Due to the high NOx content in the flue gas, this will lead to a significant increase in the amount of ammonia solution and catalyst used, thereby increasing costs. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present application provides a combustion device and a combustion system, so as to effectively reduce the acoustic field of fuel-type NOx during the thermal treatment of nitrogen-containing waste liquid and waste gas, thereby reducing the economic cost of post-treatment.

[0007] A combustion device has intersecting axial and radial directions, including: an incinerator, including a furnace and a sealing plate, the furnace having a combustion chamber open along the axial direction, and the sealing plate cover is arranged on the opening; a primary treatment component, a secondary treatment component and a tertiary treatment component are all arranged on the incinerator; the primary treatment component extends axially and is arranged at the center of the sealing plate, the primary treatment component includes a primary waste spray gun, a primary combustion air inlet and a primary gas spray gun; the secondary treatment component extends axially and is arranged on the sealing plate, the secondary component surrounds the primary treatment component in an annular shape, the secondary treatment component includes a secondary waste spray gun and a secondary combustion air inlet; the tertiary treatment component extends radially and is arranged on the peripheral side wall of the furnace, the tertiary treatment component includes a tertiary waste spray gun and a tertiary combustion air inlet; wherein the primary combustion air inlet and the secondary combustion air inlet The air excess coefficient of the air provided by the inlet is controlled to be 0.8-0.97, the first-stage gas spray gun provides a preset temperature, and the air sprayed from the third-stage combustion air inlet is burnt air, so that in the axial direction, the area between the outlet of the third-stage waste spray gun and the outlet of the first-stage waste spray gun forms a reduction zone, and the furnace is located on the side of the third-stage waste spray gun away from the first-stage waste spray gun to form an oxidation zone; wherein, the calorific value range of the waste sprayed by the first-stage waste spray gun is T10-T11, and within any adjacent predetermined cycles, the difference between the average value of the calorific value of the waste sprayed by the first-stage waste spray gun in the previous cycle and the average value of the next cycle is less than a predetermined value; the calorific value range of the waste sprayed by the second-stage waste spray gun is T20-T21, and the calorific value range of the waste sprayed by the third-stage waste spray gun is T30-T31, satisfying T31≤T20, T21≤T10.

[0008] To implement the above technical solution, since a reduction zone and an oxidation zone are formed in the furnace, the waste liquid and waste gas in the reduction zone are not fully burned, thereby reducing the generation of fuel-type NOx. It can be understood that the generation of fuel-type NOx is affected by the oxygen content. The air excess coefficient is controlled to 0.8-0.97 so that the atmosphere in the reduction zone is in an oxygen-deficient combustion state, which makes the C and H elements in the waste gas and waste liquid mainly generate CO, CO2, and H2O, thereby inhibiting the conversion of fuel-type nitrogen into NOx and generating N2 instead; the oxidation zone is a burnout zone, in which the CO generated in the reduction zone and some unburned organic gases are mainly oxidized into small molecules such as CO2 and H2O. The waste is graded according to the calorific value, and the calorific value of the waste sprayed by the first-level waste spray gun is limited to ensure that the calorific value of the first-level waste spray gun is maintained in a relatively stable state, avoid the impact of large fluctuations on the first-level gas spray gun, maintain the stability of the combustion area of ​​the first-level gas spray gun, and thus ensure the stability of the overall heat treatment.

[0009] As one of the optional embodiments of the present application, the primary processing component also includes a mounting shell and a mounting cover, the mounting shell is connected to the sealing plate, and the mounting cover is arranged on the side of the mounting shell away from the sealing plate; a primary combustion air inlet is opened on the mounting shell, and the primary waste spray gun includes a primary waste liquid spray gun and a primary waste gas spray gun, the primary waste liquid spray gun and the primary waste gas spray gun are both arranged on the mounting shell, and the primary gas spray gun is axially arranged on the mounting cover.

[0010] As one of the optional embodiments of the present application, the first-level waste liquid spray gun includes an annular waste liquid pipe, a waste liquid supply pipe and a waste liquid spray pipe that are interconnected. The annular waste liquid pipe is annularly arranged around the circumference of the first-level gas spray gun, the waste liquid supply pipe passes through the mounting cover and is connected to the annular waste liquid pipe, a plurality of waste liquid spray pipes are provided and are annularly connected to the annular waste liquid pipe, and the nozzles of the plurality of waste liquid spray pipes are arranged in a ring shape on the outer circumference of the nozzle of the first-level gas spray gun.

[0011] To implement the above technical solution, the first-level waste liquid spray gun is set as an annular waste liquid pipe, and the waste liquid spray pipe nozzle is designed in a ring-shaped structure surrounding the nozzle of the first-level gas spray gun. When the waste liquid enters the central combustion area, it can be dispersed more evenly, reducing the impact of temperature fluctuations caused by the concentrated entry of waste liquid on the central combustion area.

[0012] As one of the optional embodiments of the present application, a plurality of waste liquid supply pipes are provided, and the plurality of waste liquid supply pipes are arranged in a ring-shaped through-hole on the mounting cover, and each waste liquid supply pipe is connected to the ring-shaped waste liquid pipe.

[0013] As one of the optional embodiments of the present application, the first-level exhaust gas spray gun includes an annular pipe, an air supply pipe and a branch pipe which are interconnected. The annular pipe is arranged in a ring shape on the outer peripheral side of the first-level gas spray gun, the air supply pipe passes through the mounting cover and is connected to the annular pipe, the branch pipe is connected to the annular pipe in a ring shape, and the nozzle of the branch pipe is arranged in a ring shape on the outer peripheral side of the first-level gas spray gun. The temperature difference of the gas ejected from the branch pipe is maintained within a predetermined range, and the temperature difference between the gas ejected from the branch pipe and the temperature of the central combustion area is less than a predetermined threshold value.

[0014] As one of the optional embodiments of the present application, the annular pipe is arranged on the outside of the annular waste liquid pipe, and the branch pipe is arranged on the side of the waste liquid spray pipe away from the first-stage gas spray gun.

[0015] To implement the above technical solution, on the one hand, the branch pipe can spray the exhaust gas more evenly into the central combustion area, reducing the impact of temperature fluctuations on the central combustion area. On the other hand, the gas ejected from the branch pipe forms a buffer zone around the waste liquid spray pipe. When the temperature of the waste liquid fluctuates greatly, the buffer zone can effectively maintain the temperature stability of the central combustion area. It can be understood that when the calorific value of the waste liquid entering suddenly increases, the temperature of the central combustion area rises at this time. Since the temperature of the exhaust gas entering is maintained within a predetermined range, the temperature of the exhaust gas does not fluctuate much. At this time, the high temperature of the central combustion area can be transferred to the exhaust gas area, thereby dispersing the high temperature; when the calorific value of the waste liquid entering suddenly decreases after a period of time, it may not be possible to completely burn only by relying on the central combustion area, and it may cause the temperature of the central combustion area to drop rapidly. At this time, the exhaust gas area outside the waste liquid spray pipe can provide a certain amount of high temperature environment, thereby assisting the heat treatment of the waste liquid. In summary, the temperature fluctuation in the central combustion area is effectively alleviated to ensure the smooth and stable progress of the heat treatment.

[0016] As one of the optional embodiments of the present application, the primary processing assembly further includes an auxiliary gas supply pipe, which is axially penetrated on the mounting cover and communicated with the annular pipe.

[0017] To implement the above technical solution, in cases where the exhaust gas is insufficient or cannot be provided, the buffer area is difficult to maintain. At this time, you can choose to introduce fuel gas into the annular pipe to form a central combustion area and a buffer combustion area. The two serve as complementary buffers to each other, thereby controlling the stability of the central combustion area.

[0018] As one of the optional embodiments of the present application, it also includes an ignition gun, which is arranged through the installation cover, and the nozzle of the ignition gun is arranged between the nozzle of the first-level gas spray gun and the branch pipe.

[0019] By implementing the above technical solution, the ignition gun can conveniently provide ignition for the central gas and the auxiliary gas.

[0020] As one of the optional embodiments of the present application, it also includes a flame stabilizing disk, which is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the ejection end of the first-stage gas spray gun, and the flame stabilizing disk is provided with flame stabilizing holes that penetrate axially for air to pass through.

[0021] A combustion system, comprising:

[0022] The above-mentioned combustion device;

[0023] A waste heat utilization device and a flue gas purification device, wherein the waste heat utilization device is connected to the combustion device, and the flue gas purification device is connected to the waste heat utilization device.

[0024] One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. Since the reduction zone and oxidation zone are formed in the furnace, the waste liquid and waste gas are not fully burned in the reduction zone, thereby reducing the generation of fuel-type NOx. It is understandable that the generation of fuel-type NOx is affected by the oxygen content. The air excess coefficient is controlled to 0.8-0.97 so that the atmosphere in the reduction zone is in an oxygen-deficient combustion state, which makes the C and H elements in the waste gas and waste liquid mainly generate CO, CO2, and H2O, thereby inhibiting the conversion of fuel-type nitrogen into NOx and generating N2 instead; the oxidation zone is a burnout zone, in which the CO generated in the reduction zone and some unburned organic gases are mainly oxidized into small molecules such as CO2 and H2O. The waste is graded according to the calorific value, and the calorific value of the waste sprayed by the first-level waste spray gun is limited to ensure that the calorific value of the first-level waste spray gun is maintained in a relatively stable state, avoid the impact of large fluctuations on the first-level gas spray gun, maintain the stability of the combustion area of ​​the first-level gas spray gun, and thus ensure the stability of the overall heat treatment.

[0026] 2. The gas ejected from the branch pipe forms a buffer zone around the waste liquid spray pipe. When the temperature of the waste liquid fluctuates greatly, the buffer zone can effectively maintain the temperature stability of the central combustion area. It can be understood that when the calorific value of the incoming waste liquid suddenly increases, the temperature of the central combustion area rises. Since the temperature of the incoming exhaust gas is maintained within a predetermined range, the temperature of the exhaust gas does not fluctuate much. At this time, the high temperature of the central combustion area can be transferred to the exhaust gas area, thereby dispersing the high temperature; when the calorific value of the waste liquid entering the waste liquid suddenly decreases after a period of time, it may not be possible to completely burn only by relying on the central combustion area, and it may cause the temperature of the central combustion area to drop rapidly. At this time, the exhaust gas area outside the waste liquid spray pipe can provide a certain amount of high temperature environment, thereby assisting the heat treatment of the waste liquid. In summary, the temperature fluctuations in the central combustion area are effectively alleviated to ensure the smooth and stable progress of the heat treatment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The technical solution and other beneficial effects of the present application will be made apparent by describing in detail the specific implementation methods of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 is an overall structural diagram of a combustion device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a primary processing assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 3 is a top view of a primary processing assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a structural view of a secondary processing component provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a three-stage processing assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 6 It is an overall structural diagram of the combustion system provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Reference numerals: 1, incinerator; 11, furnace; 12, sealing plate; 10, combustion chamber;

[0035] 2. Primary treatment assembly; 21. Primary waste spray gun; 211. Primary waste liquid spray gun; 2111. Annular waste liquid pipe; 2112. Waste liquid supply pipe; 2113. Waste liquid spray pipe; 212. Primary waste gas spray gun; 2121. Annular pipe; 2122. Gas supply pipe; 2123. Branch pipe; 22. Primary combustion air inlet; 23. Primary gas spray gun; 24. Mounting shell; 25. Mounting cover;

[0036] 3. Secondary treatment assembly; 31. Secondary waste spray gun; 32. Secondary combustion air inlet; 320. Secondary casing;

[0037] 4. three-stage treatment assembly; 41. three-stage waste spray gun; 42. three-stage combustion air inlet; 420. three-stage casing;

[0038] 5. Auxiliary gas supply pipe;

[0039] 6. Ignition gun; 7. Flame stabilizing plate; 70. Flame stabilizing hole;

[0040] 101, reduction zone; 102, oxidation zone;

[0041] 16. Waste heat utilization device; 161. Waste heat pipeline; 162. Front water protection module; 163. Superheater; 164. Rear water protection module; 165. Air preheating module; 1651. Blower; 166. Coal saving module; 167. Steam boiler;

[0042] 17. Flue gas purification device; 171. Denitrification module; 172. Dust removal module; 173. Induced draft module; 174. Exhaust duct. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0044] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "and / or" in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article, unless otherwise specified, generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0045] The following is combined with Figure 1-6 The present application is further described.

[0046] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3 , is a combustion device provided by the present application, having intersecting axial and radial directions, including: an incinerator 1, including a furnace 11 and a sealing plate 12, the furnace 11 having a combustion chamber 10 open along the axial direction, and the sealing plate 12 covering the open part; a primary treatment component 2, a secondary treatment component 3 and a tertiary treatment component 4, all of which are arranged on the incinerator 1; the primary treatment component 2 extends axially and is arranged at the center of the sealing plate 12, the primary treatment component 2 includes a primary waste spray gun 21, a primary combustion air inlet 22 and a primary gas spray gun 23; the secondary treatment component 3 extends axially and is arranged on the sealing plate 12, the secondary component surrounds the primary treatment component 2 in an annular shape, the secondary treatment component 3 includes a secondary waste spray gun 31 and a secondary combustion air inlet 32; the tertiary treatment component 4 extends radially and is arranged on the side wall of the furnace 11, the tertiary treatment component 4 includes a tertiary waste spray gun 41 and a tertiary combustion air inlet 42; wherein the primary combustion air inlet The air excess coefficient of the air provided by the inlet 22 and the secondary combustion air inlet 32 ​​is controlled to be 0.8-0.97, the primary gas spray gun 23 provides a preset temperature, and the air sprayed by the tertiary combustion air inlet 42 is burnt air, so that in the axial direction, the area between the outlet of the tertiary waste spray gun 41 and the outlet of the primary waste spray gun 21 forms a reduction zone 101, and the area on the side of the furnace 11 located at the tertiary waste spray gun 41 away from the primary waste spray gun 21 forms an oxidation zone 101. 02; wherein, the calorific value range of the waste sprayed by the first-level waste spray gun 21 is T10-T11, and within any adjacent predetermined cycles, the difference between the mean value of the calorific value of the waste sprayed by the first-level waste spray gun 21 in the previous cycle and the mean value of the calorific value of the waste sprayed by the second-level waste spray gun 31 is T20-T21, and the calorific value range of the waste sprayed by the third-level waste spray gun 41 is T30-T31, satisfying T31≤T20, T21≤T10.

[0047] In one example, T10-T11 is 17500-25000 kJ / kg, T20-T21 is 6000-13000 kJ / kg, and T30-T31 is 1300-1800 kJ / kg.

[0048] To implement the above technical solution, since the reduction zone 101 and the oxidation zone 102 are formed in the furnace 11, the waste liquid and waste gas are not fully burned in the reduction zone 101, thereby reducing the generation of fuel-type NOx. It can be understood that the generation of fuel-type NOx is affected by the oxygen content, and the air excess coefficient is controlled to 0.8-0.97 so that the atmosphere of the reduction zone 101 is in an oxygen-deficient combustion state, which makes the C and H elements in the waste gas and waste liquid mainly generate CO, CO2, and H2O, so it can inhibit the conversion of fuel-type nitrogen into NOx and generate N2 instead; the oxidation zone 102 is a burnout zone, in which the CO generated in the reduction zone 101 and some unburned organic gases are mainly oxidized into small molecules such as CO2 and H2O. The waste is graded according to its calorific value, and the calorific value of the waste sprayed by the first-level waste spray gun 21 is limited to ensure that the calorific value of the first-level waste spray gun 21 remains in a relatively stable state, avoid the impact of large fluctuations on the first-level gas spray gun 23, maintain the stability of the combustion area of ​​the first-level gas spray gun 23, and thus ensure the stability of the overall heat treatment.

[0049] It should be noted that the excess air coefficient refers to the ratio of the actual amount of air supplied to fuel combustion to the theoretical amount of air, and is an important parameter that reflects the fuel-air ratio. When the excess air coefficient is less than 1, it means that the oxygen content provided by the air is insufficient to support the full combustion, so it belongs to underoxygen combustion and can form an atmosphere in the reduction zone. Burnout air refers to the oxygen content of the air provided to support the full combustion, thereby forming an overoxygen combustion zone, so as to completely burn the flue gas.

[0050] It should be noted that, in any adjacent predetermined period, the difference between the mean value of the calorific value of the waste ejected by the primary waste injection gun 21 in the previous period and the mean value in the next period is less than the predetermined value, which means that the fluctuation of the calorific value of the waste ejected by the primary waste injection gun 21 in a period of time is limited to the allowable range, thereby reducing the temperature impact on the central combustion area. The predetermined value is determined according to the source of the waste, the processing capacity of the furnace, etc. In some examples, the predetermined value is 1000kJ / Nm3.

[0051] As one of the optional embodiments of the present application, the primary treatment component 2 also includes a mounting shell 24 and a mounting cover 25. The mounting shell 24 is connected to the sealing plate 12, and the mounting cover 25 is arranged on the side of the mounting shell 24 away from the sealing plate 12; a primary combustion air inlet 22 is opened on the mounting shell 24, and the primary waste spray gun 21 includes a primary waste liquid spray gun 211 and a primary waste gas spray gun 212. The primary waste liquid spray gun 211 and the primary waste gas spray gun 212 are both arranged on the mounting shell 24, and the primary gas spray gun 23 is axially arranged on the mounting cover 25.

[0052] As one of the optional embodiments of the present application, the first-level waste liquid spray gun 211 includes an annular waste liquid pipe 2111, a waste liquid supply pipe 2112 and a waste liquid spray pipe 2113 that are interconnected. The annular waste liquid pipe 2111 is annularly arranged around the circumference of the first-level gas spray gun 23. The waste liquid supply pipe 2112 passes through the mounting cover 25 and is connected to the annular waste liquid pipe 2111. A plurality of waste liquid spray pipes 2113 are provided and are annularly connected to the annular waste liquid pipe 2111. The nozzles of the plurality of waste liquid spray pipes 2113 are arranged in a ring on the outer peripheral side of the nozzle of the first-level gas spray gun 23.

[0053] To implement the above technical solution, the first-level waste liquid spray gun 211 is configured as an annular waste liquid pipe 2111, and the waste liquid spray pipe 2113 has a structural design with a ring-shaped nozzle surrounding the nozzle of the first-level gas spray gun 23. When the waste liquid enters the central combustion area, it can be dispersed more evenly, thereby reducing the impact of temperature fluctuations caused by the concentrated entry of waste liquid on the central combustion area.

[0054] It should be noted that the atomization of the waste liquid spray pipe 2113 is mechanical atomization, that is, the technology of using mechanical energy to disperse liquid into tiny particles. Its principle is to spray the liquid through a high-speed rotating mechanical atomizer.

[0055] As one of the optional embodiments of the present application, a plurality of waste liquid supply pipes 2112 are provided, and the plurality of waste liquid supply pipes 2112 are arranged in a ring-shaped through-hole on the mounting cover 25 , and each waste liquid supply pipe 2112 is connected to the ring-shaped waste liquid pipe 2111 .

[0056] As one of the optional embodiments of the present application, the first-level exhaust gas spray gun 212 includes an annular pipe 2121, an air supply pipe 2122 and a branch pipe 2123 which are interconnected. The annular pipe 2121 is arranged in a ring shape on the outer peripheral side of the first-level gas spray gun 23, the air supply pipe 2122 passes through the mounting cover 25 and is connected to the annular pipe 2121, the branch pipe 2123 is connected to the annular pipe 2121 in a ring shape, and the nozzle of the branch pipe 2123 is arranged in a ring shape on the outer peripheral side of the first-level gas spray gun 23. The temperature difference of the gas sprayed from the branch pipe 2123 is maintained within a predetermined range, and the temperature difference between the gas sprayed from the branch pipe 2123 and the temperature of the central combustion area is less than a predetermined threshold value.

[0057] As one of the optional embodiments of the present application, the annular pipe 2121 is arranged on the outside of the annular waste liquid pipe 2111 , and the branch pipe 2123 is arranged on the side of the waste liquid spray pipe 2113 away from the first-stage gas spray gun 23 .

[0058] To implement the above technical solution, on the one hand, the branch pipe 2123 can spray the exhaust gas more evenly into the central combustion area, reducing the impact of temperature fluctuations on the central combustion area. On the other hand, the gas ejected from the branch pipe 2123 forms a buffer zone around the waste liquid spray pipe 2113. When the temperature of the waste liquid fluctuates greatly, the buffer zone can effectively maintain the temperature stability of the central combustion area. It can be understood that when the calorific value of the waste liquid entering suddenly increases, the temperature of the central combustion area rises at this time. Since the temperature of the exhaust gas entering is maintained within a predetermined range, the temperature of the exhaust gas does not fluctuate much. At this time, the high temperature of the central combustion area can be transferred to the exhaust gas area, thereby dispersing the high temperature; when the calorific value of the waste liquid entering suddenly decreases after a period of time, it may not be completely burned by relying solely on the central combustion area, and the temperature of the central combustion area may drop rapidly. At this time, the exhaust gas area outside the waste liquid spray pipe 2113 can provide a certain amount of high temperature environment, thereby assisting the heat treatment of the waste liquid. In summary, the temperature fluctuation in the central combustion area is effectively alleviated to ensure the smooth and stable progress of the heat treatment.

[0059] As one of the optional embodiments of the present application, the primary processing assembly 2 further includes an auxiliary gas supply pipe 5 , which is axially penetrated on the mounting cover 25 , and is connected to the annular pipe 2121 .

[0060] To implement the above technical solution, in cases where the exhaust gas is insufficient or cannot be provided, the buffer area is difficult to maintain. At this time, it is possible to choose to introduce fuel gas into the annular pipe 2121, thereby forming a central combustion area and a buffer combustion area. The two serve as complementary buffers to each other, thereby controlling the stability of the central combustion area.

[0061] It should be noted that valves are provided on the auxiliary gas supply pipe 5 and the gas supply pipe 2122. By controlling the opening and closing of the valves, only fuel gas or exhaust gas is allowed to enter the annular pipe 2121 at the same time period when supplying gas to the annular pipe 2121, and both fuel gas and exhaust gas are not allowed to enter the annular pipe 2121 at the same time. The exhaust gas or fuel gas intake is flexibly selected according to actual conditions, so as to work together to ensure the temperature stability around the central combustion area.

[0062] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 The secondary treatment assembly 3 includes a secondary waste spray gun 31 and a secondary combustion air inlet 32. Specifically, the secondary waste spray gun 31 is coaxially sleeved with a secondary sleeve 320 on the outer side, and the secondary sleeve 320 is provided with the secondary combustion air inlet 32 ​​mentioned above. Similarly, the tertiary treatment assembly 4 extends radially and is arranged on the side wall of the furnace 11. The tertiary treatment assembly 4 includes a tertiary waste spray gun 41 and a tertiary combustion air inlet 42. The tertiary waste spray gun 41 is coaxially sleeved with a tertiary sleeve 420 on the outer side, and the tertiary sleeve 420 is provided with the tertiary combustion air inlet 42 mentioned above.

[0063] As one of the optional embodiments of the present application, it also includes an ignition gun 6, which is arranged through the installation cover 25, and the nozzle of the ignition gun 6 is arranged between the nozzle of the first-level gas spray gun 23 and the branch pipe 2123.

[0064] By implementing the above technical solution, the ignition gun 6 can conveniently provide ignition for the central gas and the auxiliary gas.

[0065] As one of the optional embodiments of the present application, it also includes a flame stabilizing plate 7, which is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the ejection end of the first-stage gas spray gun 23, and has a flame stabilizing hole 70 that penetrates along the axial direction for air to pass through. It also includes an ignition gun 6, which is arranged through the mounting cover 25, and the ejection port of the ignition gun 6 is arranged between the ejection port of the first-stage gas spray gun 23 and the branch pipe 2123. The ignition gun 6 can conveniently provide ignition for the central gas and the auxiliary gas.

[0066] As one of the optional embodiments of the present application, it also includes a flame stabilizing disk 7, which is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the ejection end of the first-stage gas spray gun 23. The flame stabilizing disk 7 is provided with flame stabilizing holes 70 that penetrate axially for air to pass through.

[0067] A combustion system comprises: the above-mentioned combustion device; a waste heat utilization device 16 and a flue gas purification device 17, wherein the waste heat utilization device 16 is connected to the combustion device, and the flue gas purification device 17 is connected to the waste heat utilization device 16.

[0068] Regarding the waste heat utilization device 16 specifically.

[0069] The incinerator 1 has a flue gas outlet for discharging the flue gas after heat treatment. The waste heat utilization device 16 includes a waste heat pipe 161 and a front water protection module 162, a superheater 163, a rear water protection module 164, an air preheating module 165 and a coal saving module 166 which are sequentially arranged in the waste heat pipe 161.

[0070] The waste heat pipe 161 is connected to the smoke outlet. In one example, the waste heat pipe 161 and the smoke outlet are modularly integrated. The treated smoke directly flows into the waste heat pipe 161 .

[0071] The purpose of the front water protection module 162 and the rear water protection module 164 is to protect the water-cooled wall and other heating surfaces of the incinerator 1 from damage caused by overheating and sintering.

[0072] The purpose of the superheater 163 is to transfer the heat in the flue gas to the steam through heat exchange between the saturated steam and the flue gas, so that the temperature of the steam is raised to a superheated state, and to increase the temperature and energy of the steam. Specifically, a steam boiler 167 is provided outside the incinerator 1, and the steam in the steam boiler 167 enters the superheater 163, is heated by the superheater 163, and is finally heated by the superheater 163 using the heat of the flue gas to become superheated steam, and this part of the superheated steam is used as the spray medium of the waste liquid spray pipe 2113 mentioned above.

[0073] The purpose of the air preheating module 165 is to preheat the air entering the combustion chamber 10, which helps to reduce the consumption of fuel gas. Specifically, the air preheating module 165 is connected to a blower 1651, which draws air into the air preheating module 165, and after preheating, transfers air to the primary combustion air inlet 22, the secondary combustion air inlet 32, and the tertiary combustion air inlet 42.

[0074] The economizer module 166 is used to recover the waste heat in the flue gas and transfer it to the boiler water, thereby improving the thermal efficiency of the boiler. In the embodiment of the present application, the external water is fed into the economizer module 166, and enters the steam boiler 167 through the heat exchange of the economizer module 166, thereby improving the thermal efficiency of the steam boiler 167.

[0075] For the flue gas purification device 17 specifically.

[0076] The flue gas purification device 17 includes a denitration module 171, a dust removal module 172, an induced draft module 173 and an exhaust flue 174, and is used to purify pollutants generated by the incineration of nitrogen-containing waste gas and waste liquid.

[0077] In one example, the denitration module 171 includes an SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction) ammonia spray gun, an SCR (selective catalytic reduction) ammonia spray gun, and a rectifying grid.

[0078] SCNR is selective non-catalytic reduction, which means that in the absence of a catalyst, a reducing agent is sprayed into the waste heat pipe 161 to reduce nitrogen oxides in the flue gas to harmless nitrogen and water. The reducing agent is generally ammonia, urea or hydroxylamine. SCR is selective catalytic reduction, which means that under the action of a catalyst, ammonia or urea is sprayed to reduce NOx in the exhaust gas to N2 and H2O. The purpose of the rectifier grid is to improve the uniformity of the dispersion of the reducing agent. The dust removal module 172, the induced draft module 173 and the exhaust flue 174 are conventional selective technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0079] The above description is only a partial implementation method of the embodiments of the present application and does not constitute any form of limitation on the application. The protection scope of the embodiments of the present application is not limited thereto. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the embodiments of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A combustion device, characterized in that: With intersecting axial and radial directions, including: An incinerator (1) comprises a furnace (11) and a sealing plate (12), wherein the furnace (11) has a combustion chamber (10) which is open in the axial direction, and the sealing plate (12) is arranged to cover the open chamber; The primary treatment component (2), the secondary treatment component (3) and the tertiary treatment component (4) are all arranged on the incinerator (1); The primary treatment component (2) extends along the axial direction and is arranged at the center of the sealing plate (12), and the primary treatment component (2) comprises a primary waste spray gun (21), a primary combustion air inlet (22) and a primary fuel gas spray gun (23); The secondary treatment component (3) extends along the axial direction and is arranged on the sealing plate (12), the secondary component surrounds the primary treatment component (2) in an annular shape, and the secondary treatment component (3) comprises a secondary waste spray gun (31) and a secondary combustion air inlet (32); The three-stage processing assembly (4) extends along the radial direction and is arranged on the peripheral side wall of the furnace (11), and the three-stage processing assembly (4) includes a three-stage waste spray gun (41) and a three-stage combustion air inlet (42); The air excess coefficient of the air provided by the primary combustion-supporting air inlet (22) and the secondary combustion-supporting air inlet (32) is controlled to be 0.8-0.97, the primary gas spray gun (23) provides a preset temperature, and the air sprayed by the tertiary combustion-supporting air inlet (42) is burnt air, so that in the axial direction, the area between the outlet of the tertiary waste spray gun (41) and the outlet of the primary waste spray gun (21) forms a reduction zone (101), and the furnace (11) is located on a side of the tertiary waste spray gun (41) away from the primary waste spray gun (21) to form an oxidation zone (102); The calorific value range of the waste sprayed by the primary waste spray gun (21) is T10-T11, and within any adjacent predetermined cycles, the difference between the average value of the calorific value of the waste sprayed by the primary waste spray gun (21) in the previous cycle and the average value in the next cycle is less than a predetermined value; the calorific value range of the waste sprayed by the secondary waste spray gun (31) is T20-T21, and the calorific value range of the waste sprayed by the tertiary waste spray gun (41) is T30-T31, satisfying T31≤T20, T21≤T10.

2. A combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary treatment component (2) further comprises a mounting shell (24) and a mounting cover (25), wherein the mounting shell (24) is connected to the sealing plate (12), and the mounting cover (25) is arranged on a side of the mounting shell (24) away from the sealing plate (12); The mounting shell (24) is provided with the primary combustion air inlet (22); the primary waste spray gun (21) comprises a primary waste liquid spray gun (211) and a primary waste gas spray gun (212); the primary waste liquid spray gun (211) and the primary waste gas spray gun (212) are both arranged on the mounting shell (24); and the primary gas spray gun (23) is arranged to penetrate the mounting cover (25) along the axial direction.

3. A combustion device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The primary waste liquid spray gun (211) comprises an annular waste liquid pipe (2111), a waste liquid supply pipe (2112) and a waste liquid spray pipe (2113) which are interconnected. The annular waste liquid pipe (2111) is annularly arranged around the circumference of the primary gas spray gun (23). The waste liquid supply pipe (2112) passes through the mounting cover (25) and is connected to the annular waste liquid pipe (2111). A plurality of waste liquid spray pipes (2113) are provided and are annularly connected to the annular waste liquid pipe (2111). The spray outlets of the plurality of waste liquid spray pipes (2113) are arranged in annular shape on the outer circumference of the spray outlet of the primary gas spray gun (23).

4. A combustion device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of the waste liquid supply pipes (2112) are provided, and the plurality of waste liquid supply pipes (2112) are provided in an annular shape on the mounting cover (25), and each of the waste liquid supply pipes (2112) is connected to the annular waste liquid pipe (2111).

5. A combustion device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The primary exhaust gas spray gun (212) comprises an annular pipe (2121), an air supply pipe (2122) and a branch pipe (2123) which are interconnected. The annular pipe (2121) is arranged in an annular shape on the outer peripheral side of the primary gas spray gun (23). The air supply pipe (2122) passes through the mounting cover (25) and is connected to the annular pipe (2121). The branch pipe (2123) is connected to the annular pipe (2121) in an annular shape. The spray outlet of the branch pipe (2123) is arranged in an annular shape on the outer peripheral side of the primary gas spray gun (23). The temperature difference of the gas sprayed by the branch pipe (2123) is maintained within a predetermined range. The temperature difference between the gas sprayed by the branch pipe (2123) and the temperature of the central combustion area is less than a predetermined threshold value.

6. A combustion device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The annular pipe (2121) is arranged around the outside of the annular waste liquid pipe (2111), and the branch pipe (2123) is arranged on the side of the waste liquid spray pipe (2113) away from the first-stage gas spray gun (23).

7. A combustion device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The primary treatment component (2) further comprises an auxiliary gas supply pipe (5), wherein the auxiliary gas supply pipe (5) is arranged on the mounting cover (25) along the axial direction, and the auxiliary gas supply pipe (5) is connected to the annular pipe (2121).

8. The combustion device according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes an ignition gun (6), which is arranged through the installation cover (25), and the nozzle of the ignition gun (6) is arranged between the nozzle of the first-level gas spray gun (23) and the branch pipe (2123).

9. The combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a flame stabilizing disk (7), which is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the ejection end of the first-stage gas spray gun (23), and is provided with a flame stabilizing hole (70) that penetrates along the axial direction for air to pass through.

10. A combustion system, characterized in that: include: The combustion device according to any one of claims 1 to 9; A waste heat utilization device (16) and a flue gas purification device (17), wherein the waste heat utilization device (16) is connected to the combustion device, and the flue gas purification device (17) is connected to the waste heat utilization device (16).

Images