Aluminum alloy wire and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of alloy, in particular to an aluminum alloy wire and a manufacturing method thereof.The wire comprises a pure aluminum sleeve and an aluminum alloy inner core, the pure aluminum sleeve wraps the aluminum alloy inner core, the pure aluminum sleeve is in interference fit with the aluminum alloy inner core, and the aluminum alloy inner core is made of aluminum alloy; the aluminum alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.4%-0.7% of Si, 0.4%-0.8% of Mg, 0.03%-0.1% of Sr, 0.25%-0.35% of Zr, 0.1%-0.3% of Nb, 0.05%-0.1% of Mn, 0.01%-0.063% of B and the balance of Al. The method comprises the steps of raw material weighing, smelting, standing and heat preservation, high-energy ultrasonic treatment, rheological forming and rod manufacturing, cutting, pure aluminum sleeve manufacturing, centering compression, hot extrusion, two-stage solution treatment and two-stage aging treatment. The aluminum alloy sleeve and the aluminum alloy inner core are in interference fit, and the two-stage solution treatment and two-stage aging treatment processes are adopted, so that alloy elements on the two sides of an interface are diffused in a concentration gradient mode, a component gradient structure is obtained, and the aluminum alloy wire has the advantages of being high in conductivity, resistant to corrosion and high in strength.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of alloys. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum wire is generally used in the field of overhead conductors. Under such extremely complex working conditions, it is necessary to have sufficient strength and conductivity at the same time. In the prior art, aluminum alloys used as overhead conductors contain Si and Zr elements, but the impurities in the alloys to which Si is added in the prior art have a greater impact on the conductivity. Boron treatment is used in the prior art to reduce impurities in the alloy conductors, but the conductivity is relatively low and cannot meet the complex working conditions of overhead conductors. In addition, the transition metals in the prior art have little effect on the conductivity while improving the mechanical properties. The aluminum alloy wires suitable for overhead conductors cannot have both mechanical properties and conductivity. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the technical problem in the prior art that aluminum alloy wires cannot have both mechanical properties and electrical conductivity when used as conductors, the present invention provides an aluminum alloy wire and a method for manufacturing the same.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the above-mentioned purpose is: an aluminum alloy wire, comprising a pure aluminum sleeve and an aluminum alloy inner core, the pure aluminum sleeve and the aluminum alloy inner core are interference fit, the pure aluminum sleeve is wrapped around the aluminum alloy inner core, and the aluminum alloy inner core is made of aluminum alloy, and the chemical composition of the aluminum alloy is: Si: 0.4%-0.7%, Mg: 0.4%-0.8%, Sr: 0.03%-0.1%, Zr: 0.25%-0.35%, Nb: 0.1%-0.3%, Mn: 0.05%-0.1%, B: 0.01%-0.063%, and the remainder is Al.

[0005] A method for producing an aluminum alloy wire comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1: Preparation of aluminum alloy inner core:

[0007] S101: weigh pure Si powder, metal Mg, metal Sr, metal Zr, metal Nb, metal Mn, metal Al, and pure B powder, wherein the mass of pure Si powder accounts for 0.4%-0.7% of the total raw material mass, the mass of metal Mg accounts for 0.4%-0.8% of the total raw material mass, the mass of metal Sr accounts for 0.03%-0.1% of the total raw material mass, the mass of metal Zr accounts for 0.25%-0.35% of the total raw material mass, the mass of metal Nb accounts for 0.1%-0.3% of the total raw material mass, the mass of metal Mn accounts for 0.05%-0.1% of the total raw material mass, the mass of pure B powder accounts for 0.01%-0.063% of the total raw material mass, and the remaining raw material is metal Al;

[0008] S102: putting metal Al into an alumina crucible in a vacuum induction melting furnace, evacuating the furnace and filling it with argon, starting the vacuum induction melting furnace, completely melting the metal Al, then adding metal Zr and metal Nb into the alumina crucible, heating until completely melted, then adding pure Si powder and metal Mn into the alumina crucible, heating until completely melted, then adding pure B powder into the alumina crucible, heating until completely melted, then adding metal Mg and metal Sr into the alumina crucible, heating until completely melted, and stirring to obtain a melt;

[0009] S103: Cooling the melt to the pouring temperature and keeping it still;

[0010] S104: Under an argon atmosphere, using an ultrasonic device to perform high-energy ultrasonic treatment on the melt;

[0011] S105: using semi-solid rheology forming process to make the melt into alloy rods;

[0012] S106: turning the alloy rod into a core rod shape to obtain an aluminum alloy inner core;

[0013] S2: taking another piece of metal Al with a volume 1.5 times the volume of the aluminum alloy inner core, and processing the metal Al into a sleeve to obtain a pure aluminum sleeve;

[0014] S3: Use a universal material testing machine to align the pure aluminum sleeve and the aluminum alloy inner core and then compress them to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot with a gradient structure;

[0015] S4: feeding the aluminum alloy ingot into an extruder for hot extrusion to obtain a gradient structure aluminum alloy wire;

[0016] S5: performing a double-stage solid solution treatment and a double-stage aging treatment on the gradient structure aluminum alloy wire to obtain a final aluminum alloy wire.

[0017] A method for producing aluminum alloy wire, in step S102, evacuating and filling with argon gas until the pressure in the vacuum induction melting furnace reaches 2×10 4 Pa, the stirring speed is 100-150 rpm, and the stirring time is 1-2 hours.

[0018] Preferably, the pouring temperature in step S103 is 700-750° C., and the standing and heat-insulating time is 20-30 minutes.

[0019] Preferably, the power of the high energy ultrasonic treatment in step S104 is 1100W-1500W, and the treatment time is 30-60 minutes.

[0020] Preferably, the semi-solid rheological forming process in step S105 is implemented by a continuous rheological extruder, the rotation speed of the extrusion wheel in the continuous rheological extruder is 7.5 m / min, and the flow rate of cooling water in the continuous rheological extruder is 14 L / min.

[0021] Preferably, the hot extrusion temperature in step S4 is 400° C., the extrusion speed is 1 mm / s, and the diameter of the obtained gradient structure aluminum alloy wire is 10 mm.

[0022] Preferably, in the double-stage solution treatment in step S5, the temperature of the first-stage solution treatment is 445°C-455°C, the time is 1 hour, and the temperature of the second-stage solution treatment is 485°C-495°C, the time is 0-1 hour.

[0023] Preferably, in the double-stage aging treatment in step S5, the temperature of the first stage aging treatment is 115°C-125°C, the time is 4 hours, and the temperature of the second stage aging treatment is 170°C-180°C, the time is 1-3 hours.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the beneficial effect that the aluminum alloy wire comprises a pure aluminum sleeve and an aluminum alloy inner core, the aluminum alloy sleeve and the aluminum alloy inner core are interference fit, and a two-stage solid solution and two-stage aging heat treatment process is adopted to make the alloy elements on both sides of the interface diffuse in a concentration gradient to obtain a composition gradient structure, so that the aluminum alloy wire has the advantages of high conductivity, corrosion resistance and high strength. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a graph showing the test results of tensile strength, elongation and yield strength of the aluminum alloy wires prepared in Comparative Examples 1-6 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a graph showing the test results of tensile strength, elongation and yield strength of the aluminum alloy wires prepared in Comparative Examples 7-10 and Example 3 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a graph showing the tensile strength and elongation test results of the aluminum alloy wires prepared in Comparative Examples 7-10 and Example 3 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 1 is a graph showing the electrical conductivity test results of the aluminum alloy wires prepared in Comparative Examples 7-10 and Example 3 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The specific implementation methods of the present invention are as follows:

[0030] Embodiment 1:

[0031] An aluminum alloy wire comprises a pure aluminum sleeve and an aluminum alloy inner core, wherein the pure aluminum sleeve is wrapped around the aluminum alloy inner core, the pure aluminum sleeve and the aluminum alloy inner core are interference fit, and the aluminum alloy inner core is made of aluminum alloy, wherein the chemical composition of the aluminum alloy is: Si: 0.4%, Mg: 0.4%, Sr: 0.03%, Zr: 0.25%, Nb: 0.3%, Mn: 0.1%, B: 0.063%, and the remainder is Al;

[0032] A method for making an aluminum alloy wire comprises the following steps:

[0033] S1: Preparation of aluminum alloy inner core:

[0034] S101: weigh pure Si powder, metal Mg, metal Sr, metal Zr, metal Nb, metal Mn, metal Al, and pure B powder, wherein the mass of pure Si powder accounts for 0.4% of the total raw material mass, the mass of metal Mg accounts for 0.4% of the total raw material mass, the mass of metal Sr accounts for 0.03% of the total raw material mass, the mass of metal Zr accounts for 0.25% of the total raw material mass, the mass of metal Nb accounts for 0.3% of the total raw material mass, the mass of metal Mn accounts for 0.1% of the total raw material mass, the mass of pure B powder accounts for 0.063% of the total raw material mass, and the remaining raw materials are metal Al; the total raw materials described in this step refer to the total raw materials for preparing the aluminum alloy inner core;

[0035] S102: Place metal Al into an alumina crucible in a vacuum induction melting furnace, evacuate the furnace and fill it with argon until the pressure in the vacuum induction melting furnace reaches 2×10 4 Pa, start the vacuum induction melting furnace, completely melt the metal Al, then add metal Zr and metal Nb into the alumina crucible, heat until completely melted, then add pure Si powder and metal Mn into the alumina crucible, heat until completely melted, then add pure B powder into the alumina crucible, heat until completely melted, then add metal Mg and metal Sr into the alumina crucible, heat until completely melted, stir at a speed of 100 rpm, and stir for 1 hour to obtain a melt;

[0036] S103: cooling the melt to a pouring temperature, standing and keeping the melt warm, the pouring temperature is 700°C, and the standing and keeping time is 20 minutes; S104: in an argon atmosphere, using an ultrasonic device to perform high-energy ultrasonic treatment on the melt, the power of the high-energy ultrasonic treatment is 1100W, and the treatment time is 30 minutes;

[0037] S105: using a semi-solid rheology forming process to form the melt into an alloy rod, the semi-solid rheology forming process is implemented by a continuous rheology extruder, the rotation speed of the extrusion wheel in the continuous rheology extruder is 7.5m / min, and the flow rate of cooling water in the continuous rheology extruder is 14L / min;

[0038] S106: turning the alloy rod into a core rod shape to obtain an aluminum alloy inner core;

[0039] S2: taking another piece of metal Al with a volume 1.5 times the volume of the aluminum alloy inner core, and processing the metal Al into a sleeve to obtain a pure aluminum sleeve;

[0040] S3: using a universal material testing machine to align the pure aluminum sleeve and the aluminum alloy inner core and then compress them to obtain a gradient structure aluminum alloy ingot; S4: sending the aluminum alloy ingot into an extruder for hot extrusion at a temperature of 400° C. and an extrusion speed of 1 mm / s to obtain a gradient structure aluminum alloy wire, and the diameter of the obtained gradient structure aluminum alloy wire is 10 mm;

[0041] S5: The gradient structure aluminum alloy wire is subjected to a double-stage solution treatment and a double-stage aging treatment to obtain a final aluminum alloy wire. In the double-stage solution treatment, the temperature of the first-stage solution treatment is 445°C, the time is 1 hour, the temperature of the second-stage solution treatment is 485°C, and the time is 0.1 hour. In the double-stage aging treatment, the temperature of the first-stage aging treatment is 115°C, the time is 4 hours, and the temperature of the second-stage aging treatment is 170°C, and the time is 1 hour.

[0042] Embodiment 2:

[0043] An aluminum alloy wire comprises a pure aluminum sleeve and an aluminum alloy inner core, wherein the pure aluminum sleeve is wrapped around the aluminum alloy inner core, the pure aluminum sleeve and the aluminum alloy inner core are interference fit, and the aluminum alloy inner core is made of aluminum alloy, and the chemical composition of the aluminum alloy is: Si: 0.7%, Mg: 0.8%, Sr: 0.1%, Zr: 0.35%, Nb: 0.1%, Mn: 0.05%, B: 0.01%, and the balance is Al.

[0044] A method for producing an aluminum alloy wire comprises the following steps:

[0045] S1: Preparation of aluminum alloy inner core:

[0046] S101: Weigh pure Si powder, metal Mg, metal Sr, metal Zr, metal Nb, metal Mn, metal Al, and pure B powder, wherein the mass of pure Si powder accounts for 0.7% of the total raw material mass, the mass of metal Mg accounts for 0.8% of the total raw material mass, the mass of metal Sr accounts for 0.1% of the total raw material mass, the mass of metal Zr accounts for 0.35% of the total raw material mass, the mass of metal Nb accounts for 0.1% of the total raw material mass, the mass of metal Mn accounts for 0.05% of the total raw material mass, the mass of pure B powder accounts for 0.01% of the total raw material mass, and the remaining raw materials are metal Al; the total raw materials described in this step refer to the total raw materials for preparing the aluminum alloy inner core

[0047] S102: Place metal Al into an alumina crucible in a vacuum induction melting furnace, evacuate the furnace and fill it with argon until the pressure in the vacuum induction melting furnace reaches 2×10 4 Pa, start the vacuum induction melting furnace, completely melt the metal Al, then add metal Zr and metal Nb into the alumina crucible, heat until completely melted, then add pure Si powder and metal Mn into the alumina crucible, heat until completely melted, then add pure B powder into the alumina crucible, heat until completely melted, then add metal Mg and metal Sr into the alumina crucible, heat until completely melted, stir at a speed of 150 rpm, and stir for 2 hours to obtain a melt;

[0048] S103: cooling the melt to a pouring temperature, standing and keeping the temperature, the pouring temperature is 750° C., and the standing and keeping time is 30 minutes; S104: in an argon atmosphere, using an ultrasonic device to perform high-energy ultrasonic treatment on the melt, the power of the high-energy ultrasonic treatment is 1500 W, and the treatment time is 60 minutes;

[0049] S105: using a semi-solid rheology forming process to form the melt into an alloy rod, the semi-solid rheology forming process is implemented by a continuous rheology extruder, the rotation speed of the extrusion wheel in the continuous rheology extruder is 7.5m / min, and the flow rate of cooling water in the continuous rheology extruder is 14L / min;

[0050] S106: turning the alloy rod into a core rod shape to obtain an aluminum alloy inner core;

[0051] S2: taking another piece of metal Al with a volume 1.5 times the volume of the aluminum alloy inner core, and processing the metal Al into a sleeve to obtain a pure aluminum sleeve;

[0052] S3: using a universal material testing machine to align the pure aluminum sleeve and the aluminum alloy inner core and then compress them to obtain a gradient structure aluminum alloy ingot; S4: sending the aluminum alloy ingot into an extruder for hot extrusion at a temperature of 400° C. and an extrusion speed of 1 mm / s to obtain a gradient structure aluminum alloy wire, and the diameter of the obtained gradient structure aluminum alloy wire is 10 mm;

[0053] S5: The gradient structure aluminum alloy wire is subjected to a double-stage solution treatment and a double-stage aging treatment to obtain a final aluminum alloy wire. In the double-stage solution treatment, the temperature of the first-stage solution treatment is 455°C, and the time is 1 hour. The temperature of the second-stage solution treatment is 495°C, and the time is 1 hour. In the double-stage aging treatment, the temperature of the first-stage aging treatment is 125°C, and the time is 4 hours. The temperature of the second-stage aging treatment is 180°C, and the time is 2 hours.

[0054] Embodiment 3:

[0055] An aluminum alloy wire comprises a pure aluminum sleeve and an aluminum alloy inner core, wherein the pure aluminum sleeve is wrapped around the aluminum alloy inner core, the pure aluminum sleeve and the aluminum alloy inner core are interference fit, and the aluminum alloy inner core is made of aluminum alloy, and the chemical composition of the aluminum alloy is: Si: 0.55%, Mg: 0.6%, Sr: 0.065%, Zr: 0.3%, Nb: 0.2%, Mn: 0.075%, B: 0.036%, and the balance is Al.

[0056] A method for producing an aluminum alloy wire comprises the following steps:

[0057] S1: Preparation of aluminum alloy inner core:

[0058] S101: Weigh pure Si powder, metal Mg, metal Sr, metal Zr, metal Nb, metal Mn, metal Al, and pure B powder, wherein the mass of pure Si powder accounts for 0.55% of the total raw material mass, the mass of metal Mg accounts for 0.6% of the total raw material mass, the mass of metal Sr accounts for 0.065% of the total raw material mass, the mass of metal Zr accounts for 0.3% of the total raw material mass, the mass of metal Nb accounts for 0.2% of the total raw material mass, the mass of metal Mn accounts for 0.075% of the total raw material mass, the mass of pure B powder accounts for 0.036% of the total raw material mass, and the remaining raw materials are metal Al; the total raw materials described in this step refer to the total raw materials for preparing the aluminum alloy inner core. S102: Put metal Al into an alumina crucible in a vacuum induction melting furnace, evacuate and fill with argon until the gas pressure in the vacuum induction melting furnace reaches 2×10 4 Pa, start the vacuum induction melting furnace, completely melt the metal Al, then add metal Zr and metal Nb into the alumina crucible, heat until completely melted, then add pure Si powder and metal Mn into the alumina crucible, heat until completely melted, then add pure B powder into the alumina crucible, heat until completely melted, then add metal Mg and metal Sr into the alumina crucible, heat until completely melted, stir at a speed of 125 rpm, and stir for 1.5 hours to obtain a melt;

[0059] S103: cooling the melt to a pouring temperature, standing and keeping the melt warm, the pouring temperature is 725° C., and the standing and keeping time is 25 minutes; S104: in an argon atmosphere, using an ultrasonic device to perform high-energy ultrasonic treatment on the melt, the power of the high-energy ultrasonic treatment is 1300 W, and the treatment time is 45 minutes;

[0060] S105: using a semi-solid rheology forming process to form the melt into an alloy rod, the semi-solid rheology forming process is implemented by a continuous rheology extruder, the rotation speed of the extrusion wheel in the continuous rheology extruder is 7.5m / min, and the flow rate of cooling water in the continuous rheology extruder is 14L / min;

[0061] S106: turning the alloy rod into a core rod shape to obtain an aluminum alloy inner core;

[0062] S2: taking another piece of metal Al with a volume 1.5 times the volume of the aluminum alloy inner core, and processing the metal Al into a sleeve to obtain a pure aluminum sleeve;

[0063] S3: using a universal material testing machine to align the pure aluminum sleeve and the aluminum alloy inner core and then compress them to obtain a gradient structure aluminum alloy ingot; S4: sending the aluminum alloy ingot into an extruder for hot extrusion at a temperature of 400° C. and an extrusion speed of 1 mm / s to obtain a gradient structure aluminum alloy wire, and the diameter of the obtained gradient structure aluminum alloy wire is 10 mm;

[0064] S5: The gradient structure aluminum alloy wire is subjected to a double-stage solution treatment and a double-stage aging treatment to obtain a final aluminum alloy wire. In the double-stage solution treatment, the temperature of the first-stage solution treatment is 450°C, the time is 1 hour, the temperature of the second-stage solution treatment is 490°C, and the time is 0.5 hour. In the double-stage aging treatment, the temperature of the first-stage aging treatment is 120°C, the time is 4 hours, and the temperature of the second-stage aging treatment is 175°C, and the time is 3 hours.

[0065] Comparative Example 1: basically the same as Example 3, except that there is no step S5:

[0066] Comparative Example 2: It is basically the same as Example 3, except that step S5 is modified as follows: a two-stage solid solution treatment is performed on the gradient structure aluminum alloy wire to obtain a final aluminum alloy wire, in which the temperature of the first stage solid solution treatment is 450° C. and the time is 1 hour, and the temperature of the second stage solid solution treatment is 490° C. and the time is 0 hour;

[0067] Comparative Example 3: basically the same as Comparative Example 2, except that the second stage solution treatment time is 0.5 hours;

[0068] Comparative Example 4: basically the same as Comparative Example 2, except that the second stage solution treatment time is 1 hour;

[0069] Comparative Example 5: basically the same as Comparative Example 2, except that the second stage solution treatment time is 1.5 hours;

[0070] Comparative Example 6: basically the same as Comparative Example 2, except that the second stage solution treatment time is 2 hours;

[0071] Comparative Example 7: basically the same as Example 3, except that the second-stage aging treatment time is 0 hours;

[0072] Comparative Example 8: basically the same as Example 3, except that the second-stage aging treatment time is 1 hour;

[0073] Comparative Example 9: basically the same as Example 3, except that the second-stage aging treatment time is 5 hours;

[0074] Comparative Example 10: basically the same as Example 3, except that the second-stage aging treatment time is 7 hours;

[0075] The final aluminum alloy wires obtained in Comparative Examples 1-6 were tested for tensile strength, elongation and yield strength. The test results are as follows: Figure 1 As shown, when the second-stage solution treatment time is 0.5h, the tensile strength, elongation and yield strength of the aluminum alloy wire are the best, and its tensile strength is 271MPa, the elongation is 13.26%, and the yield strength is 130MPa. It can be seen that compared with no two-stage solution treatment and two-stage aging treatment, the two-stage solution treatment can improve the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy wire. When the second-stage solution treatment time is 0.5h, the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy wire are the best;

[0076] The final aluminum alloy wires obtained in Comparative Examples 7-10 and Example 3 were tested for tensile strength, elongation and yield strength. The test results are as follows: Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, when the second-stage aging treatment time is 3h, the tensile strength, elongation and yield strength of the aluminum alloy wire are the best, and its tensile strength is 309MPa, the elongation is 9.54%, and the yield strength is 267MPa. It can be seen that compared with the control example 3, the mechanical properties of Example 3 are the best. It can be seen that the two-stage aging treatment can effectively improve the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy wire. The comparison between the control examples 7-10 and the embodiment 3 shows that when the second-stage aging treatment time is 3 hours, its mechanical properties are the best.

[0077] The conductivity of the final aluminum alloy wires obtained in Comparative Examples 7-10 and Example 3 was tested, and the results are as follows: Figure 4 As shown by Figure 4 It can be seen that the conductivity of the aluminum alloy wire increases with the increase of the second aging treatment time. When the second aging treatment time reaches 3 hours, the conductivity is greatly improved, and its mechanical properties are the best at this time.

[0078] The present invention is described by way of embodiments, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes or equivalent substitutions may be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In addition, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments may be modified to adapt to specific circumstances and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aluminum alloy wire, characterized in that: It comprises a pure aluminum sleeve and an aluminum alloy inner core, wherein the pure aluminum sleeve is wrapped around the aluminum alloy inner core, the pure aluminum sleeve and the aluminum alloy inner core are interference fit, and the aluminum alloy inner core is made of aluminum alloy, and the chemical composition of the aluminum alloy is: Si: 0.4%-0.7%, Mg: 0.4%-0.8%, Sr: 0.03%-0.1%, Zr: 0.25%-0.35%, Nb: 0.1%-0.3%, Mn: 0.05%-0.1%, B: 0.01%-0.063%, and the balance is Al.

2. A method for producing an aluminum alloy wire, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Preparation of aluminum alloy inner core: S101: weigh pure Si powder, metal Mg, metal Sr, metal Zr, metal Nb, metal Mn, metal Al, and pure B powder, wherein the mass of pure Si powder accounts for 0.4%-0.7% of the total raw material mass, the mass of metal Mg accounts for 0.4%-0.8% of the total raw material mass, the mass of metal Sr accounts for 0.03%-0.1% of the total raw material mass, the mass of metal Zr accounts for 0.25%-0.35% of the total raw material mass, the mass of metal Nb accounts for 0.1%-0.3% of the total raw material mass, the mass of metal Mn accounts for 0.05%-0.1% of the total raw material mass, the mass of pure B powder accounts for 0.01%-0.063% of the total raw material mass, and the remaining raw material is metal Al; S102: putting metal Al into an alumina crucible in a vacuum induction melting furnace, evacuating the furnace and filling it with argon, starting the vacuum induction melting furnace, completely melting the metal Al, then adding metal Zr and metal Nb into the alumina crucible, heating until completely melted, then adding pure Si powder and metal Mn into the alumina crucible, heating until completely melted, then adding pure B powder into the alumina crucible, heating until completely melted, then adding metal Mg and metal Sr into the alumina crucible, heating until completely melted, and stirring to obtain a melt; S103: Cooling the melt to a pouring temperature and leaving it to stand to keep warm; S104: Under an argon atmosphere, using an ultrasonic device to perform high-energy ultrasonic treatment on the melt; S105: using semi-solid rheology forming process to make the melt into alloy rods; S106: turning the alloy rod into a core rod shape to obtain an aluminum alloy inner core; S2: taking another piece of metal Al with a volume 1.5 times the volume of the aluminum alloy inner core, and processing the metal Al into a sleeve to obtain a pure aluminum sleeve; S3: Use a universal material testing machine to align the pure aluminum sleeve and the aluminum alloy inner core and then compress them to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot with a gradient structure; S4: feeding the aluminum alloy ingot into an extruder for hot extrusion to obtain a gradient structure aluminum alloy wire; S5: performing a double-stage solid solution treatment and a double-stage aging treatment on the gradient structure aluminum alloy wire to obtain a final aluminum alloy wire.

3. The method for producing an aluminum alloy wire according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S102, the vacuum is evacuated and filled with argon until the pressure in the vacuum induction melting furnace reaches 2×10 4 Pa, the stirring speed is 100-150 rpm, and the stirring time is 1-2 hours.

4. The method for producing an aluminum alloy wire according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pouring temperature in step S103 is 700-750° C., and the standing and heat-insulating time is 20-30 minutes.

5. The method for producing an aluminum alloy wire according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power of the high energy ultrasonic treatment in step S104 is 1100W-1500W, and the treatment time is 30-60 minutes.

6. The method for producing an aluminum alloy wire according to claim 2, characterized in that: The semi-solid rheological forming process described in step S105 is implemented by a continuous rheological extruder, the rotation speed of the extrusion wheel in the continuous rheological extruder is 7.5 m / min, and the flow rate of cooling water in the continuous rheological extruder is 14 L / min.

7. The method for producing an aluminum alloy wire according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hot extrusion temperature in step S4 is 400° C., the extrusion speed is 1 mm / s, and the diameter of the obtained gradient structure aluminum alloy wire is 10 mm.

8. The method for producing an aluminum alloy wire according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the double-stage solution treatment in step S5, the temperature of the first-stage solution treatment is 445°C-455°C, the time is 1 hour, and the temperature of the second-stage solution treatment is 485°C-495°C, the time is 0-1 hour.

9. The method for producing an aluminum alloy wire according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the double-stage aging treatment in step S5, the temperature of the first stage aging treatment is 115°C-125°C, the time is 4 hours, and the temperature of the second stage aging treatment is 170°C-180°C, the time is 1-3 hours.

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